CN111382535A - Finite element model design method for automobile collision honeycomb barrier - Google Patents
Finite element model design method for automobile collision honeycomb barrier Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a finite element model design method of an automobile collision honeycomb barrier, which comprises the steps of constructing a honeycomb hexagonal structure by using shell units with hexagonal cross sections and beam units connecting six faces of the hexagonal shell units, forming a front, middle and rear end block structure model of an energy-absorbing honeycomb barrier, forming three integrated blocks of the barrier, mounting the integrated honeycomb barrier module on a fixed mounting plate, fixing the whole barrier on a collision rigid trolley through the mounting plate, connecting six faces with the cross sections of the periphery of the honeycomb hexagonal hole through the connection of the beam units to form a connected integrated honeycomb hexagonal structure, and establishing a template file corresponding to the barrier model block for automatic report output of calculation results. Six edges of the periphery of the hexagon are not connected with nodes, but adjacent edges are connected together through beam units, and the connection method is different from the maximum characteristic of all existing barrier models.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of finite element simulation modeling, in particular to a method for designing a finite element model of an automobile collision honeycomb barrier.
Background
In the global automobile industry, with the continuous improvement of the requirements on the safety performance of automobiles, automobile enterprises aim at the safety requirements of automobile model development and the requirements of different national laws and regulations. In order to save the cost of real vehicle collision in the vehicle model research and development process, a large amount of finite element calculation is needed to carry out virtual collision simulation. In the virtual simulation process of front collision, side collision and rear-end collision of the automobile, different barrier simulations are used according to different regulatory requirements, and the virtual simulation is completely consistent with the whole automobile collision setting in an actual collision laboratory.
In order to ensure that the consistency of the CAE simulation calculation result and the actual collision result is higher and the simulation precision is higher, a high-precision finite element collision barrier must be designed, so that the virtual simulation barrier has higher consistency with a barrier trolley in the actual collision process, and the barrier can better guide the development work of a vehicle type in the virtual CAE calculation.
The early finite element barrier models are mostly simulated by Solid body units, such as the early finite element barrier models of the german GNS company and the uk Arup company, the Solid body units are basically adopted to simulate the mechanical properties of the honeycomb aluminum, because the computing power of a computer is limited two decades ago, and the actual properties of the honeycomb aluminum must be simulated by certain simplification in the development process of the models. With the rapid development of computer speed, there is a tendency to use shell elements to simulate actual aluminum honeycomb, which not only more closely resemble actual aluminum honeycomb in appearance, but also avoid some of the inherent drawbacks of body elements on simulated aluminum honeycomb. In actual deformation of the honeycomb aluminum, the structures of the honeycomb aluminum in three-dimensional different directions are completely different, the body unit is isotropic in geometric structure, the simulation precision of the shearing force in simulation is not enough, and the characteristic of being harder than the actual characteristic is shown in many times, and the precision is difficult to meet the requirements of design and development at present.
In recent years, with the increasing speed of computers, engineers are provided with the possibility of developing collision finite element barriers by using large-scale shell elements, such as shell element barriers of the german GNS company and the Arup company in england, and the shell element simulation method is adopted, so that the precision is further improved compared with the prior body element barrier model.
The development of the case unit barrier is now conventional in two development paths. One method is to adopt an equal-aperture method which is the same as the aperture of an actual barrier, so that the established model is completely consistent with the actual physical barrier structure, but the method is less adopted because the number of units is huge, huge computing resources are consumed, the development progress of the whole vehicle is greatly influenced. And secondly, a simplified equal-rigidity model is adopted, the aperture in the finite element model is generally larger than that of the actual physical barrier, and the finite element barrier model and the physical barrier have the same physical properties such as dynamic rigidity and the like through certain material parameter fitting. The method is a more common finite element barrier model building method at present, for example, a shell unit barrier model of American LSTC company, a shell unit barrier model of Germany GNS company and a shell unit barrier model of British Arup company, and the mode with larger hole diameter is adopted to simulate the actual physical barrier.
In the actual use process, the traditional conventional barrier finite element model has a modeling method which well simulates the collapse of the barrier, but in some over-high-speed impact simulations, the tearing between the honeycomb aluminum cannot sometimes simulate the actual state in more detail.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a method for constructing a collision safety barrier finite element model by a new modeling connection method on the basis of ensuring the calculation precision and the calculation efficiency, wherein the construction method of the model is different from all the existing barrier model modeling methods, and the specific expression is that the sides in a honeycomb aluminum hexagonal cavity hole are different from all the existing conventional honeycomb aluminum models, the sides of the conventional honeycomb aluminum hexagon are connected by common nodes, six sides at the periphery of the hexagon are not connected by the common nodes, but adjacent sides are connected together by beam units, and the connection method is one of the maximum characteristics different from all the existing barrier models. The new modeling mode can improve the operation precision of the model and better simulate the tearing effect inside the physical barrier in the actual collision test. The barrier model built by the method can be suitable for the regulation standards of different countries in the automobile safety collision, and the efficiency of the whole automobile development can be improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for designing a finite element model of an automobile collision honeycomb barrier, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, building a honeycomb hexagonal structure by using shell units with hexagonal cross sections and beam units connecting six surfaces of the hexagonal shell units through a computer program;
the sides in the honeycomb hexagonal cavity holes are different from those of the conventional honeycomb aluminum model at present, and the shell units at the periphery of the hexagon are not connected with nodes and are six independent and separated shell units. The method is different from one of the maximum characteristics of all barrier models at present, the innovative modeling mode is used, the operation precision of the models is improved, and the tearing effect inside the physical barrier in the actual collision test can be better simulated;
secondly, building a honeycomb block body by a computer program array copying method based on the honeycomb hexagonal body structure built in the first step, determining the number of the barriers needing array copying according to the length, the width and the height of the barriers needing to be built, and finally forming a structural model of the front end block body of the energy-absorbing honeycomb barrier;
thirdly, repeating the second step, and then building an energy-absorbing honeycomb barrier middle block body structure model and an energy-absorbing honeycomb barrier rear end block body structure model through a computer program, wherein a partition plate is arranged between different module structure models, and the honeycomb blocks of the hexagonal shell units are connected to the partition plate by using a colloid model to form three integrated whole block barriers;
fourthly, building an outermost cover plate model of the integral barrier through a computer program, and wrapping three honeycomb barrier block models in the cover plate model;
fifthly, a rear end fixed mounting plate model is set up through a computer program, and the integral honeycomb barrier module is mounted on the fixed mounting plate; meanwhile, a collision rigid trolley model is built, and an acceleration monitoring point is arranged in the trolley model, wherein the position of the acceleration monitoring point is the same as the arrangement position of an acceleration sensor in an experiment;
sixthly, building a bolt model through a computer program, and fixing the whole barrier on a collision rigid trolley through a mounting plate;
seventhly, beam unit connection among the shell units around the honeycomb hexagonal hole is established through a computer program, six sides with the cross sections being the periphery of the honeycomb hexagonal hole are connected through the connection of the beam units, and a honeycomb hexagonal structure body which is connected integrally is formed;
eighthly, setting mathematical control parameters of the whole model through a computer program, building different classification groups, and building a template file corresponding to the barrier model block for automatic report output of a calculation result; by using a set of control parameters based on a digital model of the German ATD dummy, the set of control parameters is jointly developed with the German ATD dummy company, the control parameters can keep the calculation control parameters of the barrier and the dummy consistent, thereby not only improving the precision of the whole calculation simulation, but also improving the calculation speed and efficiency;
and ninthly, adding a barrier digital model into a simulation model of the whole vehicle in the design of the whole vehicle through a computer program to realize the whole process of collision safety simulation, and after the calculation is finished, automatically generating a simulation result report by using post-processing software through a built template file.
Preferably, the collision honeycomb barriers in the above steps are all collision aluminum honeycomb barriers.
The technical scheme is that the beam unit is a connecting member which is arranged through a computer program and is used for connecting six faces of the six-face shell, and the connecting member replaces six edges of the six-face shell.
Further preferably, the cross section of the connecting member is Y-shaped, triangular, V-shaped or O-shaped. This is completely different from the current connection method of all barrier models using the same node, and this method is one of the biggest features different from the current barrier models.
Further preferably, different airbag models are arranged among the different energy-absorbing honeycomb barrier blocks in the third step.
Further preferably, the radius of the hexagonal inscribed circle or circumscribed circle with the cross section being hexagonal shell unit is 9-120 mm. The number of rows and columns of the array and the size of the single hexagonal cavity holes can be selected according to requirements and can be selected according to the use characteristics of different barriers. Models of honeycomb aluminum pore diameters with different sizes can be built by changing the size and the array number of the hexagonal cavity holes, material physical parameters are given to the barrier model according to the equal rigidity principle and the failure criterion, different barrier models are generated, and the basic building principles of the models are consistent.
And further preferably, a set of post-processing template is also set up in the tenth step, and a visual shooting position in a virtual environment is established in the post-processing template according to the arrangement position of a camera in the whole vehicle experiment and is used for outputting animations and pictures in post-processing. Through setting up a set of convenient post-processing template, according to the arrangement position of camera in the whole car experiment in the post-processing template, be convenient for like this and the experimental result compare. Meanwhile, result evaluation and automatic report output can be rapidly carried out through the template file.
Further preferably, the construction method of the finite element collision barrier model is suitable for constructing barrier finite element models required by different national regulatory standards, including any one of ODB, PDB, MDB, AEMDB and MPDB.
Further preferably, the mathematical control parameters in the ninth step adopt a set of control parameters based on a German ATD dummy digital model.
Further preferably, the computer program is selected from any one of a vps computer software product of ESI, france, LS-dyna, LSTC, Altair radio, Altair, and abaqus computer software product of dalso, france.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the method for designing the finite element model of the automobile collision cellular barrier builds a collision safety barrier finite element model through a new modeling connection method on the basis of ensuring the calculation precision and the calculation efficiency, the building method of the model is different from all existing barrier model modeling methods, and the specific expression is that the sides in the cellular aluminum hexagonal cavity hole are different from all existing conventional cellular aluminum models, the sides of the conventional cellular aluminum hexagon are connected in a common node mode, six sides on the periphery of the hexagon are not connected with the nodes, but the adjacent sides are connected together through beam units, and the connection method is one of the maximum characteristics different from all existing barrier models. The new modeling mode can improve the operation precision of the model and better simulate the tearing effect inside the physical barrier in the actual collision test. The barrier model built by the method can be suitable for the regulation standards of different countries in the automobile safety collision, and the efficiency of the whole automobile development can be improved.
According to the finite element model design method for the automobile collision honeycomb barrier, the connection relation between six shell units around the aperture of the honeycomb aluminum is established through a beam unit model. The connection method can simulate the failure mode of the honeycomb aluminum with high precision, and improve the precision of simulation design. Meanwhile, a new generation of finite element digital barrier model is built by optimizing the diameter of the honeycomb aluminum cavity and the number of arrays, so that the calculation precision is high, and the calculation efficiency is very high. Meanwhile, factors of dummy and barrier integrated model calculation in the whole vehicle development are considered in the model design, control parameters consistent with a dummy model are established, and the calculation efficiency is effectively improved. The invention not only improves the precision and efficiency of automobile safety development, but also provides strong support for the level of the overall safety performance of automobiles in China to climb the top world first line.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a hexagonal honeycomb cavity hole in a method for designing a finite element model of a vehicle collision honeycomb barrier according to the present invention; FIG. 1.1 is the projection configuration of FIG. 1; schematic diagram of
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a projected structure of a honeycomb energy absorption block in the method for designing a finite element model of the automobile collision honeycomb barrier according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of three honeycomb energy-absorbing blocks at the front, middle and rear parts in the method for designing a finite element model of a car collision honeycomb barrier according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an integral barrier model formed by assembling three honeycomb energy-absorbing blocks, namely a front honeycomb energy-absorbing block, a middle honeycomb energy-absorbing block and a rear honeycomb energy-absorbing block, in the method for designing a finite element model of the automobile collision honeycomb barrier;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a connection structure between a beam unit and a hexagonal shell unit in a finite element model design method of the automobile collision honeycomb barrier of the present invention
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a barrier trolley in the finite element model design method of the automobile collision honeycomb barrier of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a hexagonal shell unit; 2. a beam unit; 3. energy-absorbing honeycomb barrier front end blocks; 4. energy-absorbing honeycomb barrier middle end block bodies; 5. an energy absorbing cellular barrier rear end block body; 6. a partition plate; 7. a monolithic barrier; 8. a cover plate model; 9. mounting the plate model; 10. a trolley model; 11. acceleration monitoring points; 12. an air bag model.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the invention relates to a finite element model design method of an automobile collision honeycomb barrier, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, building a honeycomb hexagonal structure by using shell units with hexagonal cross sections and beam units 2 connecting six surfaces of the hexagonal shell units 1 through a computer program, as shown in fig. 1 and 5;
the sides in the honeycomb hexagonal cavity hole are different from the conventional honeycomb aluminum model at present, and the shell units 1 at the periphery of the hexagon are six shell units which are independent and separated from each other instead of being connected with different nodes, as shown in figure 2. The method is different from one of the maximum characteristics of all barrier models at present, the innovative modeling mode is used, the operation precision of the models is improved, and the tearing effect inside the physical barrier in the actual collision test can be better simulated;
secondly, building a honeycomb block body by a computer program array copying method based on the honeycomb hexagonal body structure built in the first step, determining the number of the barriers needing array copying according to the length, the width and the height of the barriers needing to be built, and finally forming a structural model of the front end block body 3 of the energy-absorbing honeycomb barrier, as shown in FIG. 3;
thirdly, repeating the second step, and then building an energy-absorbing honeycomb barrier middle block 4 structure model and an energy-absorbing honeycomb barrier rear end block 5 structure model through a computer program, wherein a partition plate 6 is arranged between different module structure models, and the honeycomb blocks of the hexagonal shell units 1 are connected to the partition plate 6 by using a colloid model to form three integrated whole blocks of barriers 7 as shown in fig. 4;
fourthly, building a cover plate model 8 on the outermost side of the integral barrier 7 through a computer program, and wrapping three honeycomb barrier block models in the cover plate model 8;
fifthly, a rear end fixed mounting plate model 9 is set up through a computer program, and the integral honeycomb barrier module 7 is mounted on the fixed mounting plate model 9; meanwhile, a collision rigid trolley model 10 is built, an acceleration monitoring point 11 is arranged in the trolley model 10, and the position of the monitoring point is the same as the arrangement position of an acceleration sensor in an experiment;
sixthly, building a bolt model through a computer program, and enabling the barrier whole body 7 to be on a collision rigid trolley 10 through a fixed mounting plate model 9, as shown in fig. 6;
seventhly, beam unit 2 connection among the shell units around the honeycomb hexagonal hole is established through a computer program, six sides with the cross sections being the periphery of the honeycomb hexagonal hole are connected through the connection of the beam unit 2, and a honeycomb hexagonal structure body which is connected integrally is formed;
eighthly, setting mathematical control parameters of the whole model through a computer program, building different classification groups, and building a template file corresponding to the barrier model block for automatic report output of a calculation result; by using a set of control parameters based on a digital model of the German ATD dummy, the set of control parameters is jointly developed with the German ATD dummy company, the control parameters can keep the calculation control parameters of the barrier and the dummy consistent, thereby not only improving the precision of the whole calculation simulation, but also improving the calculation speed and efficiency;
and ninthly, adding a barrier digital model into a simulation model of the whole vehicle in the design of the whole vehicle through a computer program to realize the whole process of collision safety simulation, and after the calculation is finished, automatically generating a simulation result report by using post-processing software through a built template file. In actual whole vehicle development, a digital barrier model is added into a simulation model of a whole vehicle, and parameters such as initial speed of the barrier are set according to required regulatory requirements, such as a new vehicle evaluation rule C-NCAP, so that the whole process of collision safety simulation is realized. And after the calculation is finished, automatically generating a simulation result report by using post-processing software through the established template file.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the collision honeycomb barriers in each step are collision aluminum honeycomb barriers.
A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the beam unit 2 is a connecting member provided by a computer program to connect six faces of the six-sided case instead of six edges of the six-sided case.
Further preferred embodiments of the present invention are also that the connecting member has a Y-shaped, or triangular, or V-shaped, or O-shaped cross-section, as shown in fig. 5. This is completely different from the current connection method of all barrier models using the same node, and this method is one of the biggest features different from the current barrier models.
Further preferred embodiments of the present invention also provide that different airbag models 12 are arranged between the different energy absorbing honeycomb barrier blocks of the third step.
In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the radius of the hexagonal inscribed circle or circumscribed circle of the hexagonal shell element 1 in the cross section is 9mm to 120 mm. The number of rows and columns of the array and the size of the single hexagonal cavity holes can be selected according to requirements and can be selected according to the use characteristics of different barriers. Models of honeycomb aluminum pore diameters with different sizes can be built by changing the size and the array number of the hexagonal cavity holes, material physical parameters are given to the barrier model according to the equal rigidity principle and the failure criterion, different barrier models are generated, and the basic building principles of the models are consistent.
In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, a set of post-processing template is also set up in the tenth step, and a visual shooting position in a virtual environment is established in the post-processing template according to the arrangement position of the camera in the whole vehicle experiment and is used for outputting animations and pictures in post-processing. Through setting up a set of convenient post-processing template, according to the arrangement position of camera in the whole car experiment in the post-processing template, be convenient for like this and the experimental result compare. Meanwhile, result evaluation and automatic report output can be rapidly carried out through the template file.
The invention further preferably provides a construction method of the finite element collision Barrier model, which is suitable for constructing Barrier finite element models required by different national regulatory standards, and comprises any one of ODB (Offset Deformable Barrier), PDB (Progressive Deformable Barrier), MDB (Mobile Deformable Barrier), AEMDB (advanced European Mobile Deformable Barrier), and MPDB (Mobile Progressive Deformable Barrier).
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mathematical control parameters in said ninth step are control parameters based on a digital model of an ATD dummy in germany.
Further preferred embodiments of the present invention are the computer program selected from any one of ESI, VPS (virtual Performance solution), LS-dyna, LSTC, ALTAIR, Altair radio, French computer software product, France.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for designing a finite element model of a cellular barrier for automobile collision is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, building a honeycomb hexagonal structure by using shell units with hexagonal cross sections and beam units connecting six surfaces of the hexagonal shell units through a computer program;
secondly, building a honeycomb block body by a computer program array copying method based on the honeycomb hexagonal body structure built in the first step, determining the number of the barriers needing array copying according to the length, the width and the height of the barriers needing to be built, and finally forming a structural model of the front end block body of the energy-absorbing honeycomb barrier;
thirdly, repeating the second step, and then building an energy-absorbing honeycomb barrier middle block body structure model and an energy-absorbing honeycomb barrier rear end block body structure model through a computer program, wherein a partition plate is arranged between different module structure models, and the honeycomb blocks of the hexagonal shell units are connected to the partition plate by using a colloid model to form three integrated whole block barriers;
fourthly, building an outermost cover plate model of the integral barrier through a computer program, and wrapping three honeycomb barrier block models in the cover plate model;
fifthly, a rear end fixed mounting plate model is set up through a computer program, and the integral honeycomb barrier module is mounted on the fixed mounting plate; meanwhile, a collision rigid trolley model is built, and an acceleration monitoring point is arranged in the trolley model, wherein the position of the acceleration monitoring point is the same as the arrangement position of an acceleration sensor in an experiment;
sixthly, building a bolt model through a computer program, and fixing the whole barrier on a collision rigid trolley through a mounting plate;
seventhly, beam unit connection among the shell units around the honeycomb hexagonal hole is established through a computer program, six sides with the cross sections being the periphery of the honeycomb hexagonal hole are connected through the connection of the beam units, and a honeycomb hexagonal structure body which is connected integrally is formed;
eighthly, setting mathematical control parameters of the whole model through a computer program, building different classification groups, and building a template file corresponding to the barrier model block for automatic report output of a calculation result;
and ninthly, adding a barrier digital model into a simulation model of the whole vehicle in the design of the whole vehicle through a computer program to realize the whole process of collision safety simulation, and after the calculation is finished, automatically generating a simulation result report by using post-processing software through a built template file.
2. The method of designing a finite element model of an automotive crash honeycomb barrier of claim 1 wherein said crash honeycomb barrier is an aluminum crash honeycomb barrier.
3. The method of designing a finite element model of a cellular barrier for automobile collision according to claim 2, wherein the beam elements are connecting members arranged by a computer program to connect six faces of six-sided housing, and the connecting members replace six edges of six-sided housing to simulate a colloid connecting area in the physical barrier.
4. The method for designing a finite element model of an automobile collision cellular barrier as claimed in claim 3, wherein the cross-section of the connecting member is Y-shaped, or triangular, or V-shaped, or O-shaped.
5. The method for designing a finite element model of an automobile collision honeycomb barrier as claimed in claim 4, wherein different airbag models are further provided between different energy absorbing honeycomb barrier blocks of the third step.
6. The finite element model design method of automobile collision honeycomb barrier as claimed in claim 5, wherein the radius of the hexagonal inscribed circle or circumscribed circle of the cross section of hexagonal shell unit is 9 mm-120 mm.
7. The method for designing the finite element model of the automobile collision honeycomb barrier as claimed in claim 6, wherein a set of post-processing template is further built in the tenth step, and a visual shooting position in a virtual environment is built in the post-processing template according to the placement position of a camera in the whole automobile experiment, so as to be used for outputting animations and pictures in the post-processing.
8. The method for designing the finite element model of the automobile collision cellular barrier, as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that the method for constructing the finite element collision barrier model is suitable for constructing the finite element models of the barrier required by different national regulatory standards, including any one of the finite element barrier models of ODB, PDB, MDB, AEMDB and MPDB.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the mathematical control parameters in the ninth step are control parameters based on a digital model of an ATD dummy in Germany.
10. A finite element model design method of car crash cell barriers according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein said computer program is selected from ESI corporation of france vps computer software product, LSTC corporation of usa LS-dyna computer software product, Altair radio computer software product of Altair corporation, abaqus computer software product of dalso corporation of france.
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