CN111378831B - Use method of pore-forming composite additive for dephosphorization of high-phosphorus iron ore pellets - Google Patents

Use method of pore-forming composite additive for dephosphorization of high-phosphorus iron ore pellets Download PDF

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CN111378831B
CN111378831B CN202010409683.1A CN202010409683A CN111378831B CN 111378831 B CN111378831 B CN 111378831B CN 202010409683 A CN202010409683 A CN 202010409683A CN 111378831 B CN111378831 B CN 111378831B
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dephosphorization
pore
pellets
composite additive
binder
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CN111378831A (en
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李�杰
杨爱民
于复兴
刘卫星
韩阳
袁玉宝
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Fujian Daoyuan Energy Saving And Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
North China University of Science and Technology
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Fujian Daoyuan Energy Saving And Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
North China University of Science and Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/11Removing sulfur, phosphorus or arsenic other than by roasting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/02Roasting processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • C22B1/2406Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • C22B1/242Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/26Cooling of roasted, sintered, or agglomerated ores

Abstract

The invention relates to a use method of a pore-forming composite additive for dephosphorization of high-phosphorus iron ore pellets, wherein the additive consists of a dephosphorization agent, a pore-forming organic binder and an inorganic reinforced binder, the composite additive is added in a pelletizing procedure, and is fully mixed with other pelletizing raw materials for pelletizing, and then 10.0-12.5 mm green pellets are selected; loading the green pellets into a high-temperature hanging basket, and drying the manufactured green pellets for 5-10min at 300-600 ℃ to form required continuous pores; preheating for about 10-15min at the temperature of 850-900 ℃, and discharging phosphorus-containing gas through the built pores; the roasting temperature is controlled to be 1000-1250 ℃, the roasting is carried out for about 15-20min, the inorganic binder promotes to generate a liquid phase, and pores are filled; and soaking and cooling the roasted pellets for about 20min, wherein in the cooling process, inorganic reinforcement generates a solid solution of a reinforcing phase.

Description

Use method of pore-forming composite additive for dephosphorization of high-phosphorus iron ore pellets
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pellet production for iron making, in particular to a use method of a pore-forming composite additive for dephosphorization of high-phosphorus iron ore pellets
Background
In recent years, with the increase of the demand and the energy production of steel, the demand of the iron and steel industry at home and abroad for ores is increased day by day, and in the domestic steel production, the ores are mainly imported from foreign countries, so that the production cost of the steel is greatly improved and the profit margin is compressed due to the continuous rise of the price of the ores. The price of high-quality iron ore resources rises rapidly, the development and utilization of poor-quality iron ore resources have great technical problems, and the high-phosphorus iron ore resources account for a great proportion. Only China finds that the reserve of high-phosphorus iron ore reaches billions of tons, wherein the representative reserve of Ningxiang iron ore is 40 billion tons, which is the most widely distributed and reserved sedimentary iron ore in China, but the high-phosphorus iron ore is difficult to dephosphorize effectively, so that the high-phosphorus iron ore is not utilized by iron and steel enterprises until now, and belongs to a dull mineral resource.
At present, the dephosphorization of high-phosphorus iron ore at home and abroad mainly adopts a mineral separation method, a chemical method, a microbiological method and a reduction method, but the high-phosphorus iron ore is difficult to separate iron and phosphorus due to the composition of ore vein, the structure of ore and the embedded distribution state of phosphorus in the high-phosphorus iron ore. Now, both the single ore dressing dephosphorization method and the comprehensive ore dressing dephosphorization process have poor dephosphorization effect, and the industrial cost and the environmental protection cost are extremely high.
The conventional chemical method is adopted for dephosphorization, although a certain dephosphorization effect can be achieved, soluble iron minerals in the ore and the steel slag are dissolved at the same time, so that the recovery rate of iron is reduced, alkali metals in the ore are easy to dissolve, the alkali metals are lost and cannot be recovered; meanwhile, because a large amount of chemical materials are introduced, a large amount of water is needed, the treatment of wastes and wastewater is also extremely difficult, and the environmental protection pressure is also a problem which needs to be considered in a key way.
The microbiological method mainly depends on the metabolism of microorganisms to generate organic acid substances to reduce the pH value of a system, so that insoluble phosphate is decomposed into a solution to achieve the purpose of dissolving phosphorus, but the microbiological method has the problems of long dephosphorization period and the like, and cannot meet the requirements of steel production.
The reduction method realizes phosphorus reduction and then discharge with flue gas through adding a large amount of reducing agents such as carbon and the like in the production process and through violent oxidation-reduction reaction, realizes dephosphorization, but the dephosphorization method similar to pure smelting dephosphorization not only has slow production rhythm, large carbon consumption and high production cost, but also has complex other related matching and can not meet the large flow requirement of steel production.
In the prior art, although some related technologies for dephosphorization in the sintering process are published, the production of sintered ore and the production of pellet ore are two completely different production processes, and the difference is very large. In the process of producing the sintered ore, the removal of phosphorus is extremely favorable due to good granularity, good air permeability and the like. The inverse view pellet production process is said to be completely limiting with respect to the reaction of phosphorus and removal after the reaction, since the individual spheres of the pellets are essentially completely enclosed. With the increase of environmental protection pressure, the environmental protection pressure of sinter production is much higher than that of pellet production, the limitation of sintering and the advocation of pellets are adopted at home and abroad, the pellet production is vigorously developed, and the application problem of high-phosphorus iron concentrate powder in the pellet production is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a use method for adding a composite additive in the pelletizing process of producing pellets from high-phosphorus iron ore powder, achieves the effect of high-temperature pore-forming gasification dephosphorization through thermal state roasting and sectional control, and provides a brand new way for developing and utilizing high-phosphorus iron ore.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: the application method of the pore-forming composite additive for dephosphorization of the high-phosphorus iron ore pellets comprises the following steps of:
step S1: adding the composite additive in a pelletizing process, fully mixing the composite additive with other pelletizing raw materials, pelletizing, screening the green pellets after pelletizing is finished, and selecting green pellets with the diameter of 10.0-12.5 mm;
step S2: the high-temperature hanging basket is filled with green balls, when the temperature of the electric furnace rises to a set temperature, the hanging basket is placed on the top of the electric furnace, and then the hanging basket slowly descends;
step S3: drying the produced green pellets at 300-600 ℃ for 5-10min to fully volatilize the organic long fiber material and the organic binder and form required continuous pores;
step S4: preheating for about 10-15min at the temperature of 850-900 ℃ to enable the dephosphorization agent to participate in gasification dephosphorization reaction, and discharging phosphorus-containing gas through the created pores;
step S5: the roasting temperature is controlled to be 1000-1250 ℃, the roasting is carried out for about 15-20min, the inorganic binder promotes to generate a liquid phase, and pores are filled;
step S6: and soaking and cooling the roasted pellets for about 20min, wherein in the cooling process, inorganic reinforcement generates a solid solution of a reinforcing phase.
Furthermore, the composite additive takes the total mass of the pellet iron-containing raw materials and the phosphorus content in the raw materials as reference basis, and the addition amount of the composite additive is 4.5-8.5% of the sintering mixture.
Further, the dephosphorizing agent is a powdery mixture consisting of calcium chloride, silicon dioxide fine powder, coke powder or carbon powder and the like; the pore-forming organic matter binder comprises an organic long fiber material and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the inorganic strengthening binder comprises boron-containing fine powder, magnesium-containing fine powder, calcium-containing fine powder and silicate fine powder, wherein the weight ratio of the three materials is as follows: pore-forming organic matter binder: inorganic reinforcing binder 30: 1: 5.
further, the dephosphorization agent comprises the following three raw materials in percentage by weight: silicon dioxide fine powder: coke powder or carbon powder 5: 1: 5.
furthermore, the weight ratio of the organic long fiber material to the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the pore-forming organic matter binder is 1: 49. The organic long fiber is a fine polypropylene fiber with the length of one centimeter.
Further, the inorganic strengthening binder is boric acid.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a method for using a pore-forming composite additive for dephosphorization of high-phosphorus iron ore pellets, which realizes the purpose of gasification dephosphorization through different temperature control in a pellet hot roasting production process.
2. The composite additive has the advantages of simple preparation process, good dephosphorization effect, obvious pellet air holes, high pellet strength and the like.
Detailed Description
The principle of the invention for realizing gasification dephosphorization is as follows:
1. the addition of the organic long fiber material and the organic binder can improve the pelletizing property, improve the green pellet, the dry pellet and the thermal stability, simultaneously the pellets are easy to volatilize or burn off in the preheating roasting process of the pellets, can be completely volatilized or decomposed at 300-600 ℃ in a drying section, increase the porosity of the pellets, and the continuous hollow formed by the long fiber material creates favorable conditions for gasification dephosphorization
2. The carbon element in the coke powder in the dephosphorizing agent can create local reducing atmosphere at high temperature, and SiO2Has a great influence on the melting point of fluorapatite, and can obviously reduce the melting temperature so that the fluorapatite starts to react at a relatively lower temperature, CaCl2The dephosphorizing agent component is used as chloride for chloridizing roasting, has good effect and high stability, does not generate thermal dissociation under the condition of general roasting temperature, and PCl generated in gasification dephosphorization reaction3The boiling point of the gas is only 76 ℃, the gas is extremely easy to gasify under high temperature conditions, exists in a stable gaseous state, does not react with other components in the ore, and can be normally discharged through porous and continuous cavities formed early in the pellets.
(1) Firstly, calcium chloride and sulfur dioxide in the pellet raw material can generate calcium sulfate and chlorine gas in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature lower than 1114 ℃:
CaCl2+SO2(g)+O2(g)=CaSO4+Cl2(g)
(2) the generated chlorine reacts with calcium fluorophosphate, silicon dioxide and carbon at the temperature of about 810 ℃ to generate calcium silicate, calcium fluoride, carbon monoxide gas and phosphorus chloride gas:
2Ca5(PO4)3F+9SiO2+9Cl2(g)+15C=9CaSiO3+6PCl3(g)+15CO(g)+CaF2
after the dephosphorizing agent is added, the gasification dephosphorizing reaction can be carried out at about 810 ℃, the preheating temperature is controlled to be 850-900 ℃, and the gasification dephosphorizing reaction is realized at the temperature.
The inorganic binder introduced into the product cannot volatilize at high temperature, has the function of strengthening solid solution in pellet ore, can generate a small amount of low-melting-point liquid phase at the roasting temperature of 1000-1250 ℃, can close partial air holes in the roasting process of the pellet, and combines the functions of the two aspects to ensure that the compressive strength of the pellet is better.
The additive consists of a dephosphorizing agent, a pore-forming organic matter binder and an inorganic reinforced binder, wherein the dephosphorizing agent is a powdery mixture consisting of calcium chloride, silicon dioxide fine powder, coke powder or carbon powder and three raw materials; the pore-forming organic matter binder comprises an organic long fiber material and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the inorganic strengthening binder comprises boron-containing fine powder, magnesium-containing fine powder, calcium-containing fine powder and silicate fine powder, wherein the weight ratio of the three materials is as follows: pore-forming organic matter binder: inorganic reinforcing binder 30: 1: 5. the dephosphorization agent comprises the following three raw materials in percentage by weight: silicon dioxide fine powder: coke powder or carbon powder 5: 1: 5. the weight ratio of the organic long fiber material to the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the pore-forming organic matter binder is 1: 49. The organic long fibers are thin polypropylene fibers with the length of one centimeter. The inorganic strengthening binder is boric acid.
The composite additive takes the total mass of the pellet iron-containing raw materials and the phosphorus content in the raw materials as reference basis, and the addition amount of the composite additive is 4.5-8.5% of the sintering mixture.
The preparation method of the dephosphorization agent for the high-phosphorus iron ore pellets comprises the following steps:
step S1: the raw materials of the composite additive are respectively ground to the required granularity.
Step S2: drying the raw materials at 100-150 ℃ for more than 2 hours respectively;
step S3: the dried raw materials are fully mixed according to the required proportion, and the composite additive is sealed and stored (because the calcium chloride has strong water absorbability in the air).
The use method of the invention comprises the following steps: the composite additive of the invention realizes the purpose of gasification dephosphorization by controlling different temperatures in the hot pellet roasting production process.
Step S1: and adding the composite additive in a pelletizing process, fully mixing the composite additive with other pelletizing raw materials, pelletizing, screening the green pellets after pelletizing is finished, and selecting the green pellets with the particle size of 10.0-12.5 mm.
Step S2: the high-temperature hanging basket is filled with about 1kg of green pellets, when the temperature of the electric furnace rises to a set temperature, the hanging basket is placed on the top of the electric furnace, and then the hanging basket slowly descends.
Step S3: and drying the produced green pellets at 300-600 ℃ for about 5-10min to fully volatilize the organic long fiber material and the organic binder and form required continuous pores.
Step S4: preheating for about 10-15min at the temperature of 850-900 ℃ to enable the dephosphorization agent to participate in gasification dephosphorization reaction, and discharging phosphorus-containing gas through the created pores.
Step S5: the roasting temperature is controlled between 1000 ℃ and 1250 ℃ for 15-20min, and the inorganic binder promotes to generate liquid phase to fill pores.
Step S6: and soaking and cooling the roasted pellets for about 20min, wherein in the cooling process, inorganic reinforcement generates a solid solution of a reinforcing phase.
And (3) verification test: the raw materials used in the examples of the invention are as follows:
selecting high-phosphorus hematite powder-GLF with the grade of 60.84 and the phosphorus content of 1.01 percent; grinding fine hill iron powder with the grade of 66.45 percent and the phosphorus content of 0.04 percent; the Xuanhua bentonite has the granularity of 325 meshes and the colloid value of 360.
The additive is added in the amount of 4.5-8.5% of the sintering mixture in use. Compared with the standard, the phosphorus content in the experimental sample can be diluted, so the standard adopts the phosphorus-free substitute which is added with the same amount as the additive, and the substitute is selected phosphorus-free dolomite powder.
Examples 1, 2:
the method adopts 40 percent of selected high-phosphorus hematite powder and 60 percent of grinded fine hill iron powder, and the specific mixture ratio is shown in the table I.
Table one example 1, example 2 proportioning table
Group number High content powdered rock phosphate Inkstone powder Bentonite clay Additive agent Substitute for
Reference 1 40% 60% 0.00% - 8.50%
Example 1 40% 60% 0.00% 8.50% 0
Reference 2 40% 60% 0.00% - 7.50%
Example 2 40% 60% 0.00% 7.50% 0
The specific dephosphorization effect is shown in the second table.
Table two comparison of the effects of example 1 and example 2
Figure BDA0002492737180000071
Examples 3, 4:
the method comprises the steps of selecting 50% of high-phosphorus hematite powder and 50% of fine powdered hematite powder, wherein the specific proportion is shown in table three.
Table one example 3, example 4 proportioning table
Figure BDA0002492737180000072
Figure BDA0002492737180000081
The specific dephosphorization effect is shown in the fourth table.
Table two comparison of the effects of example 3 and example 4
Figure BDA0002492737180000082
Examples 5, 6:
the method comprises the following steps of selecting 30% of high-phosphorus hematite powder and 70% of fine powdered hematite powder, wherein the specific proportion is shown in the table five.
Table one example 5, example 6 proportioning table
Group number High content powdered rock phosphate Inkstone powder Bentonite clay Additive agent Substitute for
Reference 5 30% 70% 0.70% - 7.50%
Example 5 30% 70% 0.70% 7.50% 0
Reference 6 30% 70% 0.90% - 6.00%
Example 6 30% 70% 0.90% 6.00% 0
The specific dephosphorization effect is shown in the sixth table.
Table two comparison of the effects of example 5 and example 6
Figure BDA0002492737180000083
Through the above examples, it can be found that the additive of the present invention has a significant effect on pellet dephosphorization, and the dephosphorization rate reaches up to 71% (example 1) and the lowest 55% (example 6).
Through the embodiment and the corresponding reference data, the additive realizes high-efficiency dephosphorization, and simultaneously, the agglomeration performance of the pellet ore is not influenced, thereby completely meeting the production requirements of the working procedure and the next working procedure.
The invention realizes the purpose of efficient dephosphorization in pellet production and can provide assistance for the rapid application of a large amount of high-phosphorus iron ore.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The use method of the pore-forming composite additive for dephosphorization of the high-phosphorus iron ore pellets is characterized in that the additive consists of a dephosphorization agent, a pore-forming organic binder and an inorganic reinforced binder, wherein the pore-forming organic binder comprises an organic long fiber material and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the organic long fiber material is a polypropylene fiber and specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding the composite additive in a pelletizing process, fully mixing the composite additive with other pelletizing raw materials, pelletizing, screening the green pellets after pelletizing is finished, and selecting green pellets with the diameter of 10.0-12.5 mm;
step S2: the high-temperature hanging basket is filled with green balls, when the temperature of the electric furnace rises to a set temperature, the hanging basket is placed on the top of the electric furnace, and then the hanging basket slowly descends;
step S3: drying the manufactured green pellets at 300-600 ℃ for 5-10min to fully volatilize the polypropylene fiber and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to form required continuous pores;
step S4: preheating for 10-15min at the temperature of 850-900 ℃ to enable the dephosphorization agent to participate in gasification dephosphorization reaction, and discharging phosphorus-containing gas through the created pores;
step S5: roasting at 1000-1250 ℃ for 15-20min, and promoting the inorganic binder to generate a liquid phase to fill pores;
step S6: and soaking and cooling the roasted pellets for 20min, wherein in the cooling process, inorganic reinforcement generates a solid solution of a reinforcement phase.
2. The use method of the pore-forming composite additive for dephosphorization of the high-phosphorus iron ore pellets as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite additive is added in an amount of 4.5-8.5% of the sintering mixture based on the total mass of the iron-containing raw material pellets and the phosphorus content in the raw material.
3. The use method of the pore-forming composite additive for dephosphorization of the high-phosphorus iron ore pellets, which is claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the dephosphorization agent is a powdery mixture consisting of calcium chloride, fine silicon dioxide powder, coke powder or carbon powder; the inorganic strengthening binder comprises boron-containing fine powder, magnesium-containing fine powder, calcium-containing fine powder and silicate fine powder, wherein the weight ratio of the three materials is as follows: pore-forming organic matter binder: inorganic reinforcing binder = 30: 1: 5.
4. the use method of the pore-forming composite additive for dephosphorization of the high-phosphorus iron ore pellets, according to claim 3, is characterized in that the weight ratio of the three raw materials of the dephosphorization agent is calcium chloride: silicon dioxide fine powder: coke powder or carbon powder = 5: 1: 5.
5. the use method of the pore-forming composite additive for dephosphorization of the high-phosphorus iron ore pellets as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the organic long fiber material to the sodium carboxymethylcellulose in the pore-forming organic binder is 1: 49.
6. The use method of the pore-forming additive package for dephosphorization of high-phosphorus iron ore pellets according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the organic long fiber is a fine polypropylene fiber with a length of one centimeter.
7. The use method of the pore-forming composite additive for dephosphorization of high-phosphorus iron ore pellets according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic strengthening binder is boric acid.
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