CN111378344A - Coating capable of absorbing power frequency electromagnetic field and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Coating capable of absorbing power frequency electromagnetic field and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a coating for absorbing a power frequency electromagnetic field and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of wave absorption, environmental protection and coating application. The invention aims to fill the gap of the wave-absorbing material in the civil field and efficiently absorb the electromagnetic radiation generated by power frequency electromagnetic waves. The main material for absorbing electromagnetic radiation is MWCNT/NiO-Fe3O4And (4) compounding the nano-wires. The formula of the coating comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises 51-59 parts of epoxy resin, 21-23 parts of filler, 0.5-0.6 part of silane coupling agent, 0.3-0.5 part of dispersant, 11-13 parts of solvent, 1.1-1.5 parts of defoaming agent, 1-1.7 parts of thickening agent, 1.2-1.6 parts of film-forming assistant and 3-8 parts of penetrating agent, and the component B comprises: 73-78 parts of curing agent and 7-13 parts of deionized water. High efficiency absorption power frequencyThe addition amount of the absorber of the electromagnetic field accounts for 30-70% of the solid content of the whole epoxy resin coating. The coating is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the electromagnetic radiation source, so that good absorption effects of a power frequency radiation electric field and a magnetic field can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the fields of wave absorption, environmental protection and coating application, and particularly relates to a coating capable of efficiently attenuating an electromagnetic field generated by power frequency electromagnetic waves.
Background
Along with the expansion of the coverage area of the power grid, the probability that people are exposed to a power frequency electromagnetic field generated by power transmission and transformation equipment is greatly increased. For a power frequency electromagnetic field, according to antenna theory analysis, a power frequency induction electric field and a power frequency induction magnetic field are respectively existed and acted, the electric field and the magnetic field vectors are not tightly coupled by wave impedance, the power frequency electric field and the power frequency magnetic field are induction fields, the electric field is induced by voltage, the magnetic field is induced by current, and the electric field and the magnetic field are not in a fixed relation in a propagation direction.
The absorption of electromagnetic waves is mainly to absorb the ability of electric field or magnetic field to convert it into other energy and stop further transmission of electromagnetic waves, and for electromagnetic radiation protection, it is mainly to convert the energy of electromagnetic field into heat energy. The electric field absorption material should have high dielectric constant and dielectric loss angle to absorb electric wave by electronic polarization or interface attenuation of the medium; the magnetic loss type wave absorbing material has the loss mechanism of ferromagnetic resonance absorption, and absorbs induced magnetic waves by eddy current loss, magnetic hysteresis loss and residual loss attenuation. Many researches show that the protective material based on the wave-absorbing mechanism is mainly used for aircraft radar stealth in national defense and is blank in the civil market in order to form great harm to the health of workers after being exposed to the environment of the strong power frequency electromagnetic field for a long time and face the problem of power frequency electromagnetic field radiation which is increasingly emphasized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coating for absorbing a power frequency electromagnetic field and a preparation method thereof, which reduce the damage of the power frequency electromagnetic field generated by power transmission and transformation equipment to people exposed to the power frequency electromagnetic field for a long time.
The invention discloses a coating for absorbing a power frequency electromagnetic field, which is added with an absorbent for absorbing an electric field and a magnetic field generated by the power frequency electromagnetic wave, the coating is an epoxy resin coating, the epoxy resin coating comprises a component A and a component B in parts by mass, the component A comprises 51-59 parts of epoxy resin, 21-23 parts of a filler, 0.5-0.6 part of a silane coupling agent, 0.3-0.5 part of a dispersant, 11-13 parts of a solvent, 1.1-1.5 parts of a defoaming agent, 1-1.7 parts of a thickening agent, 1.2-1.6 parts of a film-forming additive and 3-8 parts of a penetrating agent, and the component B comprises: 73-78 parts of curing agent and 7-13 parts of deionized water, wherein the adding amount of the absorbent for absorbing the power frequency electromagnetic field accounts for 30-70% of the total solid content of the epoxy resin coating.
Preferably, the coating is MWCNT-NiO-Fe3O4。
Accordingly, a process for the preparation of a coating absorbing a power frequency electromagnetic field for the preparation of a coating according to claim 1 or 2, MWCNT/NiO-Fe3O4The preparation steps are as follows:
s1, pretreatment of MWCNT (multiwall carbon nanotube) raw material;
s2, depositing Ni nanoparticles on the MWCNT by a chemical plating method, and then carrying out oxidation treatment to prepare the MWCNT/NiO nano material;
s3, dispersing MWCNT/Ni and triethylene glycol uniformly by adopting a sonication method;
s4, adding proper amount of Fe (acac)3Heating the mixed solution to boiling, and obtaining the ternary heterostructure MWCNT/NiO-Fe after cooling, magnetic separation, washing and drying3O4。
Preferably, the pretreatment process in the step S1 is to soak the MWCNTs in concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid solution at normal temperature, ultrasonically treat for 1-3 hours, sequentially wash with alcohol and distilled water, and dry in an oven at 60-80 ℃ for 24-48 hours.
Preferably, the electroless plating in step S2 can be divided into three steps of sensitization, activation and nickel plating.
Preferably, the sensitizing solution comprises the following components: 0.045mol/L SnCl2•2H2O、3.2mol/L NaCl、0.5mol/L HCl、0.5mol/L Na2SnO3•2H2O, 30ml of ultrapure water; the composition of the activating solution is 1.8mL of HCl and 0.015g of PdCl2(ii) a The flow of the deposited coating is as follows: dispersing the MWCNT subjected to sensitization and activation treatment in a chemical plating solution, stirring for 5-20 min at 80-90 ℃, dispersing for 15-30 min by using ultrasonic waves, quickly dropping 1.5 mL of hydrazine hydrate for reaction for 5min, cooling, carrying out magnetic separation, cleaning and drying.
Preferably, the oxidation process in the step S2 is to sinter the powder in a tube furnace at 250 ℃ for 2-4 hours under the air condition.
Preferably, the mixing ratio of the MWCNT/Ni and the triethylene glycol in the step S3 is 1-10: 3 (mg: ml) and the dispersion time is 30-60 min.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the iron acetylacetonate added in step S4 is: MWCNT/Ni = 1-4: 1, the dispersion time is 30-60 min.
Preferably, the heating process in the step S4 is carried out in nitrogen at 3-5 ℃ for min-1Heating to boiling at a heating speed; cooling to room temperature, washing with ethyl acetate and ethanol solution, magnetic separation, and drying in a vacuum oven.
The invention mainly attenuates a power frequency electromagnetic field by the following two parts:
firstly, power frequency induction electromagnetic field powder mixed in epoxy resin paint can be coated on the surface of a reactor to efficiently absorb a power frequency electromagnetic field.
Selection of MWCNT/NiO-Fe for powder capable of efficiently absorbing power frequency electromagnetic radiation3O4。
The invention has the advantages that: the invention can efficiently absorb power frequency electromagnetic field, and has good attenuation effect on magnetic field and electric field generated by power frequency electromagnetic wave. Secondly, a preparation method of the heterostructure material capable of efficiently absorbing the power frequency electromagnetic field is provided. And thirdly, the wave-absorbing powder and the coating are mixed and directly sprayed on the surface of the radiation source, so that the transmission range of electromagnetic waves is reduced. Fourthly, the gap of the wave-absorbing material in the civil market is filled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows MWCNT/NiO-Fe prepared according to a first embodiment of a coating for absorbing power frequency electromagnetic field according to the present invention3O4TEM photograph of (A) shows the prepared MWCNT/NiO-Fe3O4The microscopic morphology of (a);
FIG. 2 shows MWCNT/NiO-Fe prepared according to a first embodiment of a coating for absorbing power frequency electromagnetic field according to the present invention3O4And XRD patterns of MWCNT/NiO, which graphically shows that the MWCNT/NiO-Fe is prepared3O4And MWCNT/NiO crystal type;
FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of the coating for absorbing power frequency electromagnetic field of the present invention, in which a mixed MWCNT/NiO-Fe is sprayed on the surface of a radiation source3O4The induced electric field attenuation condition generated by power frequency electromagnetic waves before and after the epoxy resin coating of the powder;
FIG. 4 is a drawing showingThe first embodiment of the coating for absorbing the power frequency electromagnetic field is to spray and mix MWCNT/NiO-Fe on the surface of a radiation source3O4The induced magnetic field attenuation condition generated by the power frequency electromagnetic wave before and after the epoxy resin coating of the powder.
Detailed Description
The following provides a detailed description of embodiments of the invention.
The coating for absorbing the power frequency electromagnetic field of the embodiment is added with an absorbent for absorbing the electric field and the magnetic field generated by the power frequency electromagnetic wave, and in concrete implementation, the coating in the embodiment can be an epoxy resin coating, and the epoxy resin coating comprises the following components in parts by mass: the component A comprises 51-59 parts of epoxy resin, 21-23 parts of filler, 0.5-0.6 part of silane coupling agent, 0.3-0.5 part of dispersant, 11-13 parts of solvent, 1.1-1.5 parts of defoamer, 1-1.7 parts of thickener, 1.2-1.6 parts of film-forming additive and 3-8 parts of penetrating agent, and the component B comprises: 73-78 parts of curing agent and 7-13 parts of deionized water. The adding amount of the absorbent for efficiently absorbing the power frequency electromagnetic field accounts for 30-70% of the solid content of the whole epoxy resin coating.
Wherein, the filler can be one or more of calcium carbonate, talcum powder, kaolin, titanium pigment or bentonite. The dispersant can be sodium hexametaphosphate, the defoamer can be tributyl phosphate, the thickener can be cyanomethyl cellulose or polypropylene phthalein amine, the curing agent can be one of diethylenetriamine, m-phenylenediamine, phenolic aldehyde modified amine or diaminodiphenyl methane valia DDS, the film-forming assistant can be ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and the penetrant can be penetrant JFC.
The material for efficiently absorbing the power frequency magnetic field in the embodiment of the invention is MWCNT/NiO-Fe3O4The preparation method of the coating in the examples of the present invention will be described in detail for examples.
MWCNT/NiO-Fe3O4The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment of MWCNT (multiwall carbon nanotube) raw material;
s2, depositing Ni nanoparticles on the MWCNT by a chemical plating method, and then carrying out oxidation treatment to prepare the MWCNT/NiO nano hybrid material;
s3, dispersing MWCNT/Ni and triethylene glycol uniformly by adopting a sonication method;
s4, adding proper amount of Fe (acac)3. The mixed solution is heated to boiling. Cooling, magnetic separation, washing and drying to obtain the ternary heterostructure MWCNT/NiO-Fe3O4. The rest is the same as the first to sixth embodiments.
Wherein the MWCNT can have a diameter of 20 to 30 nm and a length of 5 to 15 nm.
The pretreatment process in the step S1 is to soak MWCNTs in concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid solution at normal temperature, perform ultrasonic treatment for 1-3 hours, wash the MWCNTs with alcohol and distilled water in sequence, and dry the MWCNTs in a drying oven at 60-80 ℃ for 24-48 hours.
The electroless plating in step S2 can be divided into three steps of sensitization, activation, and nickel plating. Sensitization was carried out by soaking 0.1g MWCNT in 30ml solution (0.045 mol/L SnCl)2•2H2O、3.2mol/L NaCl、0.5mol/L HCl、0.5mol/LNa2SnO3•2H2O, 30ml of ultrapure water) for 5-20 min. The activation process of the MWCNT is that 2ml of PdCl is added into the sensitizing solution and stirred for 1-5 hours at 25 ℃, then a microporous membrane filter with the diameter of 0.22 mu m is used for vacuum filtration, and the activated MWCNT is dried for more than 24-48 hours at 80-100 ℃. The nickel plating process of the MWCNT comprises the steps of dispersing 0.05 g of the MWCNT after activation treatment in a chemical plating solution, stirring for 5-20 min at 80-90 ℃, and then dispersing for 15-30 min by ultrasonic waves. 1.5 mL of hydrazine hydrate is quickly dropped into the mixture to react for 5 minutes, and then the mixture is cooled at 0 ℃ and magnetically separated. Washing with distilled water and alcohol for multiple times, and finally drying in a constant-temperature drying oven at 80-100 ℃ for 6-10 h. In addition, in the oxidation process in the step S2, the powder is sintered for 2-4 min at 250 ℃ in a tube furnace under the air condition.
The mixing ratio of MWCNT/Ni and triethylene glycol in the step S3 is 1-10: 3 (mg: ml) and the dispersion time is 30-60 min. The rest is the same as the first to fourteenth embodiments.
The mass ratio of the iron acetylacetonate added in the step S4 is iron acetylacetonate: MWCNT/Ni = 1-4: 1, the dispersion time is 30-60 min. In addition, the heating process in the step S4 is to be carried out in inert gas at 3-5 ℃ for min-1Heating to boiling at a temperature rising speed. Is cooled toAfter room temperature, washing with ethyl acetate and ethanol solution, and then carrying out magnetic separation. Finally, the product was dried in a vacuum oven. The inert gas may be nitrogen.
The invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and one or a combination of several embodiments may also achieve the object of the invention.
The following tests were carried out to confirm the effects of the present invention
Example 1: the coating for absorbing the power frequency electromagnetic field mainly attenuates the power frequency electromagnetic field by the following two parts
Firstly, power frequency induction electromagnetic field powder mixed in epoxy resin paint can be coated on the surface of a reactor to efficiently absorb a power frequency electromagnetic field. The solid content of the powder relative to the coating was 50%.
Selection of MWCNT/NiO-Fe for powder capable of efficiently absorbing power frequency electromagnetic radiation3O4。
MWCNT/NiO-Fe3O4The preparation method comprises the following four steps: firstly, pretreatment of MWCNT: 1.0 g of MWCNTs is soaked in 50 mL of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid solution at normal temperature, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 2 h, and heating reflux is carried out for 2 h at 90 ℃. Finally, after washing with ethanol and distilled water several times, drying in an oven at 80 ℃ for 24 h. II, secondly: adopting a traditional chemical plating method to deposit Ni nanoparticles on MWCNTs and then carrying out oxidation treatment to prepare the MWCNT/NiO nano hybrid material: the chemical plating comprises three steps of sensitization, activation and nickel plating. Sensitization treatment: 30ml of solution (0.045 mol/L SnCl)2•2H2O、3.2 mol/L NaCl、0.5 mol/L HCl、0.5 mol/L Na2SnO3•2H2O, 30ml of ultrapure water) for 10 min. Activation treatment: 2ml of PdCl was added to the sensitizing solution and stirred at 25 ℃ for 1 hour, followed by vacuum filtration using a 0.22 μm microporous membrane filter, and the activated MWCNT was dried at 80 ℃ for 24 hours or more. Nickel plating: 0.05 g of the activated MWCNT is dispersed in a chemical plating solution, stirred for 5-20 min at 80-90 ℃, and then ultrasonically dispersed for 15-30 min. Quickly dropping 1.5 mL hydrazine hydrate to react for 5min, cooling at 0 deg.C, and magnetically separating. Cleaning with distilled water and alcohol for several times, and drying at 80 deg.C in a constant temperature drying ovenDrying for 6 h. The powder prepared above is sintered at 250 ℃ in a tube furnace under air condition for 2 h, and after oxidation treatment, 50 mgMWCNT/NiO powder is dispersed in 30mL triethylene glycol, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out. Then 400 mg Fe (acac) are added under ultrasonic dispersion3. At 3 ℃ min-1Is heated to boiling. Cooling to room temperature, performing magnetic separation, washing and drying to obtain MWCNT/NiO-Fe3O4。
The MWCNT/NiO-Fe of the present example can be seen from FIG. 13O4The micro-morphology of (2).
MWCNT/NiO-Fe through FIG. 23O4And XRD patterns of MWCNT/NiO, it can be seen that MWCNT/NiO-Fe prepared in the examples of the present invention3O4And MWCNT/NiO crystal type. As can be seen from the XRD diffraction pattern, the XRD diffraction pattern of MWCNT/NiO is compared with that of MWCNT/NiO3O44 new diffraction peaks appeared in-NiO. 2 θ of 30.03 °, 35.51 °, 53.57 ° and 57.28 ° respectively corresponds to Fe3O4The (220), (311), (400) and (511) crystal planes of (A).
FIG. 3 shows that the mixed MWCNT/NiO-Fe is sprayed on the surface of the radiation source by the embodiment of the invention3O4MWCNT/NiO-Fe spraying is carried out on the condition of induced electric field attenuation generated by power frequency electromagnetic waves before and after epoxy resin coating of powder3O4The attenuation of the induction field intensity before and after the epoxy resin coating reaches 76 percent.
FIG. 4 is a spray coating of a hybrid MWCNT/NiO-Fe on the surface of a radiation source for a coating according to an embodiment of the present invention3O4MWCNT/NiO-Fe spraying under the condition of induced magnetic field attenuation generated by power frequency electromagnetic waves before and after epoxy resin coating of powder3O4The attenuation of the induction magnetic field before and after the epoxy resin coating reaches 50 percent.
Claims (10)
1. The coating for absorbing the power frequency electromagnetic field is characterized by being added with an absorbent for absorbing the electric field and the magnetic field generated by the power frequency electromagnetic wave, the coating is an epoxy resin coating, the epoxy resin coating comprises a component A and a component B in parts by mass, the component A comprises 51-59 parts of epoxy resin, 21-23 parts of filler, 0.5-0.6 part of silane coupling agent, 0.3-0.5 part of dispersing agent, 11-13 parts of solvent, 1.1-1.5 parts of defoaming agent, 1-1.7 parts of thickening agent, 1.2-1.6 parts of film forming additive and 3-8 parts of penetrating agent, and the component B comprises: 73-78 parts of curing agent and 7-13 parts of deionized water, wherein the adding amount of the absorbent for absorbing the power frequency electromagnetic field accounts for 30-70% of the total solid content of the epoxy resin coating.
2. The coating for absorbing industrial frequency electromagnetic field of claim 1, wherein the coating is MWCNT/NiO-Fe3O4。
3. A method for preparing a coating absorbing a power frequency electromagnetic field for use in preparing a coating according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that MWCNT/NiO-Fe3O4The preparation steps are as follows:
s1, pretreatment of MWCNT (multiwall carbon nanotube) raw material;
s2, depositing Ni nanoparticles on the MWCNT by a chemical plating method, and then carrying out oxidation treatment to prepare the MWCNT/NiO nano material;
s3, dispersing MWCNT/Ni and triethylene glycol uniformly by adopting a sonication method;
s4, adding proper amount of Fe (acac)3Heating the mixed solution to boiling, and obtaining the ternary heterostructure MWCNT/NiO-Fe after cooling, magnetic separation, washing and drying3O4。
4. The preparation method of the coating capable of absorbing the power frequency electromagnetic field according to claim 3, wherein the pretreatment in the step S1 comprises the steps of soaking MWCNTs in concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid solution at normal temperature, performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-3 hours, washing with alcohol and distilled water in sequence, and drying in an oven at 60-80 ℃ for 24-48 hours.
5. The method for preparing a power frequency electromagnetic field absorbing coating according to claim 3, wherein the electroless plating in step S2 is divided into three steps of sensitization, activation and nickel plating.
6. The preparation method of the coating for absorbing the power frequency electromagnetic field according to claim 5, wherein the sensitizing solution comprises the following components: 0.045mol/L SnCl2•2H2O、3.2mol/L NaCl、0.5mol/L HCl、0.5mol/L Na2SnO3•2H2O, 30ml of ultrapure water; the composition of the activating solution is 1.8mL of HCl and 0.015g of PdCl2(ii) a The flow of the deposited coating is as follows: dispersing the MWCNT subjected to sensitization and activation treatment in a chemical plating solution, stirring for 5-20 min at 80-90 ℃, dispersing for 15-30 min by using ultrasonic waves, quickly dropping 1.5 mL of hydrazine hydrate for reaction for 5min, cooling, carrying out magnetic separation, cleaning and drying.
7. The method for preparing the coating capable of absorbing the power frequency electromagnetic field according to claim 3, wherein the oxidation process in the step S2 is to sinter the powder at 250 ℃ for 2-4 hours in a tube furnace under the air condition.
8. The method for preparing the coating for absorbing the power frequency electromagnetic field according to claim 3, wherein the mixing ratio of the MWCNT/Ni and the triethylene glycol in the step S3 is 1-10: 3 (mg: ml) and the dispersion time is 30-60 min.
9. The method for preparing the coating for absorbing the power frequency electromagnetic field according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the iron acetylacetonate added in the step S4 is that the iron acetylacetonate: MWCNT/Ni = 1-4: 1, the dispersion time is 30-60 min.
10. The preparation method of the coating capable of absorbing power frequency electromagnetic field according to claim 3, wherein the heating process in the step S4 is performed at 3-5 ℃ for min in nitrogen-1Heating to boiling at a heating speed; cooling to room temperature, washing with ethyl acetate and ethanol solution, magnetic separation, and drying in a vacuum oven.
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| CN101108947A (en) * | 2006-07-21 | 2008-01-23 | 靳一名 | Silver-plated copper powder electrically-conducting paint and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN103740233A (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2014-04-23 | 南京信息工程大学 | Micrometer wave absorbing coating material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105038513A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-11 | 无锡市长安曙光手套厂 | Water-based conductive coating composition |
| CN107163629A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-15 | 合肥励仙电力工程有限公司 | It is a kind of for magnetic field shielding coating of distribution transformer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108034345A (en) * | 2017-12-16 | 2018-05-15 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of coating of efficient absorption power frequency electromagnetic field |
-
2018
- 2018-12-28 CN CN201811617855.3A patent/CN111378344A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101108947A (en) * | 2006-07-21 | 2008-01-23 | 靳一名 | Silver-plated copper powder electrically-conducting paint and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN103740233A (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2014-04-23 | 南京信息工程大学 | Micrometer wave absorbing coating material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105038513A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-11 | 无锡市长安曙光手套厂 | Water-based conductive coating composition |
| CN107163629A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-15 | 合肥励仙电力工程有限公司 | It is a kind of for magnetic field shielding coating of distribution transformer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108034345A (en) * | 2017-12-16 | 2018-05-15 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of coating of efficient absorption power frequency electromagnetic field |
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Application publication date: 20200707 |