CN111378283A - New energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
New energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111378283A CN111378283A CN202010258841.8A CN202010258841A CN111378283A CN 111378283 A CN111378283 A CN 111378283A CN 202010258841 A CN202010258841 A CN 202010258841A CN 111378283 A CN111378283 A CN 111378283A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
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- C08K2201/003—Additives being defined by their diameter
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- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
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Abstract
The invention discloses a new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The fireproof material comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight: 20-30% of organic silicon rubber, 20-30% of nano silicon dioxide, 5-10% of silicon carbide, 1-5% of nano zirconium dioxide, 20-30% of a flame retardant and 3-5% of aramid fiber. The fireproof material can be widely applied to battery protection. The new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material provided by the invention has excellent performances of high temperature resistance, flame retardance, tensile strength, aging resistance and the like, is low in density, has flexibility, and can be molded into various shapes according to use scenes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of materials, and particularly relates to a new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The battery pack of the new energy automobile is usually fixedly placed in a metal shell, and then the mica plate or the aerogel is used for isolating and protecting the batteries in the battery pack. The mica plate has higher density, and is made of a rigid material and is not easy to deform, so that the mica plate is difficult to be fully attached to the battery; aerogels are expensive and do not withstand the high temperature flame (up to 1500 ℃, well beyond the melting point of the aerogel) that a battery explodes during thermal runaway.
Therefore, the existing battery protection material is difficult to provide ideal and reliable protection, and once the battery catches fire, the battery is isolated by lacking reliable fireproof materials, so that the fire can not be effectively restrained.
Therefore, in order to solve the technical problems, a new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material which is simple to manufacture, excellent in fireproof performance and high in strength, and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight:
further, the average molecular weight of the silicone rubber is 300000-800000.
Further, the organic silicon rubber is one or more of methyl silicon rubber, methyl vinyl silicon rubber and methyl vinyl phenyl silicon rubber.
Further, the average particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 1-100 nm.
Furthermore, the average particle size of the nano zirconium dioxide is 1-100 nm.
Further, the flame retardant is a mixture of a brominated flame retardant and antimony trioxide.
Further, the weight ratio of the brominated flame retardant to the antimony trioxide is (1-4): 1.
Further, the brominated flame retardant is decabromodiphenylethane.
A preparation method of a new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material comprises the following steps;
step 1: weighing all raw material components required by the thermal runaway fireproof material of the new energy power battery pack;
step 2: adding organic silicon rubber into an internal mixer for plastication to obtain plasticated rubber;
and step 3: placing the plasticated rubber and other raw material components into a mixing roll for mixing to obtain mixed rubber, and then calendering and molding the mixed rubber;
and 4, step 4: and after forming, putting the material into a vulcanizing machine, vulcanizing and forming at 160-180 ℃, and slicing to obtain the new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material.
The thermal runaway fireproof material for the new energy power battery pack can be applied to battery protection, and particularly can be applied to power battery protection of new energy automobiles.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material provided by the invention has good fireproof and flame-retardant effects through a flame retardant which is formed by combining decabromodiphenylethane and antimony trioxide in a specific ratio; and has good high temperature resistance, tensile strength (not less than 25MPa), ductility, aging resistance and other properties; meanwhile, the density is low, the flexibility is realized, various shapes can be molded according to the use scene, and the method has the advantages of simple production and processing technology and low cost.
Detailed Description
In order to more fully understand the technical contents of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described and illustrated by the following specific examples.
In the following description, "%" and "part" representing amounts are based on weight unless otherwise specified. Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing feature sizes, quantities, and physical characteristics used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about". Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in the foregoing specification and attached claims are approximations that can be suitably varied by those skilled in the art in seeking to obtain the desired properties utilizing the teachings disclosed herein. The use of numerical ranges by endpoints includes all numbers within that range and any range within that range, for example, 1 to 5 includes 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.55, 2, 2.75, 3, 3.80, 4, and 5, and the like.
It is also noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus; the term "preferred" refers to a preferred alternative, but is not limited to only the selected alternative.
The thermal runaway fireproof material for the new energy power battery pack has excellent performance, can be applied to battery protection, and particularly can be applied to power battery protection of new energy automobiles.
First, examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 10
1. The reference numerals of each component indicate
Component A1: methyl silicone rubber, average molecular weight 500000;
component A2: methyl silicone rubber, average molecular weight 400000;
component A3: methyl silicone rubber, average molecular weight 600000;
component A4: methyl vinyl silicone rubber having an average molecular weight of 500000;
component A5: methylvinylphenyl silicone rubber having an average molecular weight of 500000;
and (B) component: nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 50 nm;
and (3) component C: silicon carbide;
and (3) component D: nano zirconium dioxide with the average grain diameter of 50 nm;
component E1: decabromodiphenylethane;
component E2: antimony trioxide;
and (3) component F: aramid fibers.
2. Preparation method
(1) EXAMPLES 1 to 10 preparation methods
Step 1: weighing the required raw material components according to the table 1;
step 2: adding organic silicon rubber into an internal mixer for plastication to obtain plasticated rubber;
and step 3: placing the plasticated rubber and other raw material components into a mixing roll for mixing to obtain mixed rubber, and then calendering and molding the mixed rubber;
and 4, step 4: and after forming, putting the sample in a vulcanizing machine, vulcanizing and forming at 170 ℃, and slicing to obtain the corresponding new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material sample.
(2) Comparative examples 1 to 10 preparation method
Step 1: weighing the required raw material components according to the table 1;
step 2: adding organic silicon rubber into an internal mixer for plastication to obtain plasticated rubber;
and step 3: placing the plasticated rubber and other raw material components into a mixing roll for mixing to obtain mixed rubber, and then calendering and molding the mixed rubber;
and 4, step 4: and after the molding, putting the molded product in a vulcanizing machine, vulcanizing and molding the product at 170 ℃, and slicing the product to obtain a corresponding new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material comparison sample.
3. Performance test method
High temperature resistance: using acetylene flame with temperature above 1500 deg.C to add oxygen and impact for 30min, and observing whether burn-through occurs;
density: testing according to ASTM D792-2013;
flame retardancy: testing according to UL94-V0 standard;
tensile strength: testing according to ASTM D412-1998 (2002);
elongation at break: testing according to ASTM D412-1998 (2002);
resistance under combustion: continuously burning for 5min under 1500 ℃ flame, and testing resistance;
voltage resistance: testing according to GB/T1695-;
water absorption: soaking in water for 24h, and testing the mass ratio before and after soaking;
long-term weather resistance: test according to the double 85 standard.
4. Conclusion analysis
(1) In combination with tables 1, 2 and 3, it can be seen that the following results are obtained by comparing example 1 with comparative examples 1 to 3: compared with the example 1, the high-temperature resistance of the samples prepared in the comparative examples 1 to 3 is more different; the main differences between the comparative examples 1 to 3 and the example 1 are as follows: the component A1 (methyl silicone rubber) is respectively adopted to replace the component B (nano silicon dioxide), the component C (silicon carbide) and the component D (nano zirconium dioxide) in the example 1; therefore, the nano silicon dioxide, the silicon carbide and the nano zirconium dioxide are combined to obtain good high temperature resistance;
(2) by combining tables 1, 2 and 3, it can be seen that example 1 and comparative example 4 are compared: comparative example 4 had inferior tensile strength compared to example 1; the main difference between comparative example 4 and example 1 is: component a1 (methyl silicone rubber) was used instead of component F (aramid fiber) in example 1; therefore, the tensile strength of the thermal runaway fireproof material for the new energy power battery pack can be improved by using the aramid fiber;
(3) by combining tables 1, 2 and 3, it can be seen that the following results are obtained by comparing examples 1, 8 to 10 with comparative examples 5 to 10: the flame retardant performance of the comparative examples 5 to 10 is poorer than that of the examples 1 and 8 to 10; the main differences between the comparative examples 5-10 and the examples 1 and 8-10 are as follows: in the embodiment 1 and the embodiments 8 to 10, the weight ratio of the component E1 (decabromodiphenylethane) to the component E2 (antimony trioxide) is 1:1 to 4: 1; therefore, the flame retardant property is better when the weight ratio of the component E1 (decabromodiphenylethane) to the component E2 (antimony trioxide) is 1: 1-4: 1.
Table 1-components and contents in examples 1 to 10:
table 2-components and contents in comparative examples 1 to 10:
table 3-test results of the new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof materials prepared in examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 10:
second, examples 11 to 20
1. The reference numerals of each component indicate
Component A6: methyl silicone rubber, average molecular weight 300000;
component A7: methyl silicone rubber, average molecular weight 800000;
component B1: nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 10 nm;
component B2: nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 100 nm;
and (3) component C: silicon carbide;
component D1: nano zirconium dioxide with the average grain diameter of 10 nm;
component D2: nano zirconium dioxide with the average grain diameter of 100 nm;
component E1: decabromodiphenylethane;
component E2: antimony trioxide;
and (3) component F: aramid fibers.
2. Preparation method
(1) Examples 11 to 20 preparation methods
Step 1: weighing the required raw material components according to the table 4;
step 2: adding organic silicon rubber into an internal mixer for plastication to obtain plasticated rubber;
and step 3: placing the plasticated rubber and other raw material components into a mixing roll for mixing to obtain mixed rubber, and then calendering and molding the mixed rubber;
and 4, step 4: and after forming, putting the sample in a vulcanizing machine, vulcanizing and forming at 170 ℃, and slicing to obtain the corresponding new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material sample.
3. Performance test method
High temperature resistance: using acetylene flame with temperature above 1500 deg.C to add oxygen and impact for 30min, and observing whether burn-through occurs;
density: testing according to ASTM D792-2013;
flame retardancy: testing according to UL94-V0 standard;
tensile strength: testing according to ASTM D412-1998 (2002);
elongation at break: testing according to ASTM D412-1998 (2002);
resistance under combustion: continuously burning for 5min under 1500 ℃ flame, and testing resistance;
voltage resistance: testing according to GB/T1695-;
water absorption: soaking in water for 24h, and testing the mass ratio before and after soaking;
long-term weather resistance: test according to the double 85 standard.
Table 4-components and contents in examples 11 to 20:
table 5-test results of the thermal runaway fire-proof material for new energy power battery packs prepared in examples 11 to 20:
as can be seen from tables 4 and 5, the new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material prepared in examples 11 to 20 has better high temperature resistance, flame retardancy, tensile strength and other properties.
In conclusion, the new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material provided by the invention has excellent performances of high temperature resistance, flame retardance, toughness, ductility, aging resistance and the like, has low density and flexibility, and can be molded into various shapes according to use scenes; meanwhile, the method has the advantages of simple production and processing technology and low cost.
The new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material provided by the invention is mainly characterized in that materials such as nano silicon dioxide, silicon carbide and nano zirconium dioxide are fused through organic silicon rubber, and the physical-chemical mutual coupling effect of ceramic and carbonization can be generated in a short time under the impact of high-temperature flame, so that a hard shell is formed to resist the impact of flame, and good protection effect can be realized on articles in the new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material; the strength of the new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material is further increased through aramid fibers, and a flame retardant formed by combining decabromodiphenylethane and antimony trioxide in a specific proportion has a good fireproof flame-retardant effect; meanwhile, the nano silicon dioxide can play a role in structural reinforcement and heat insulation.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in percentage by weight:
2. the new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the average molecular weight of the silicone rubber is 300000-800000.
3. The new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the organic silicon rubber is one or more of methyl silicone rubber, methyl vinyl silicone rubber and methyl vinyl phenyl silicone rubber.
4. The new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the average particle size of the nano silica is 1-100 nm.
5. The new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the average particle size of the nano zirconium dioxide is 1-100 nm.
6. The new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material of claim 1, wherein the flame retardant is a mixture of a brominated flame retardant and antimony trioxide.
7. The new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the weight ratio of the brominated flame retardant to the antimony trioxide is (1-4): 1.
8. The new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material of claim 7, wherein the brominated flame retardant is decabromodiphenylethane.
9. A preparation method of a new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: weighing all raw material components required by the thermal runaway fireproof material of the new energy power battery pack;
step 2: adding organic silicon rubber into an internal mixer for plastication to obtain plasticated rubber;
and step 3: placing the plasticated rubber and other raw material components into a mixing roll for mixing to obtain mixed rubber, and then calendering and molding the mixed rubber;
and 4, step 4: and after forming, putting the material into a vulcanizing machine, vulcanizing and forming at 160-180 ℃, and slicing to obtain the new energy power battery pack thermal runaway fireproof material.
10. Use of the thermal runaway fire protection material for the new energy power battery pack according to any one of claims 1-8 for battery protection.
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1958720A (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2007-05-09 | 北京理工大学 | Composite flame retardant in bromine series, preparation method and application |
| CN104629374A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-05-20 | 东北大学 | Silicone rubber based ablation-resisting heat insulation composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104650597A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-05-27 | 深圳市安品有机硅材料有限公司 | Preparation method of fire-preventing and fire-resisting silicon rubber capable of being ceramized |
| CN105860536A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-17 | 山东兆圭高分子材料科技有限公司 | Flame-retardant and fire-resistant ceramic silicone rubber and preparation method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-04-03 CN CN202010258841.8A patent/CN111378283A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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| CN1958720A (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2007-05-09 | 北京理工大学 | Composite flame retardant in bromine series, preparation method and application |
| CN104629374A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-05-20 | 东北大学 | Silicone rubber based ablation-resisting heat insulation composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104650597A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-05-27 | 深圳市安品有机硅材料有限公司 | Preparation method of fire-preventing and fire-resisting silicon rubber capable of being ceramized |
| CN105860536A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-17 | 山东兆圭高分子材料科技有限公司 | Flame-retardant and fire-resistant ceramic silicone rubber and preparation method thereof |
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