CN111377650B - Dissolution promoter, preparation method thereof and application of dissolution promoter in liquid alkali-free setting accelerator - Google Patents
Dissolution promoter, preparation method thereof and application of dissolution promoter in liquid alkali-free setting accelerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN111377650B CN111377650B CN201811641020.1A CN201811641020A CN111377650B CN 111377650 B CN111377650 B CN 111377650B CN 201811641020 A CN201811641020 A CN 201811641020A CN 111377650 B CN111377650 B CN 111377650B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C04B24/383—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F251/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C08F251/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof on to cellulose or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/10—Accelerators; Activators
- C04B2103/12—Set accelerators
Abstract
The invention discloses a cosolvent, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in a liquid alkali-free accelerator, wherein the cosolvent is an organic-inorganic hybrid macromolecule, and the organic-inorganic hybrid molecule contains a heteropoly acid, cellulose and a dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) chain segment structure, wherein the heteropoly acid is in a cage structure and has the characteristic of rigid skeleton; the cellulose and the DMDAAC in the organic-inorganic hybrid molecules are copolymerized to obtain a copolymer chain segment, and the copolymer chain segment and the heteropoly acid chain segment are assembled through charges to finally form an organic-inorganic hybrid molecular structure; solves the problems that the prior alkali-free setting accelerator has poor stability and low aluminum content, and can cause poor later strength of concrete, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete admixtures, and particularly relates to a dissolution accelerator, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in a liquid alkali-free accelerator.
Background
The accelerator is an indispensable component of sprayed concrete, and has the functions of enabling the concrete to be coagulated in a short time, accelerating hydration, forming enough strength in a short time and ensuring the requirement of special construction. The method is widely applied to road rush repair, mine reinforcement, tunnel support, urban waterproofing and other projects at present, and plays an important role in national infrastructure construction.
Most of the existing accelerators are high-alkaline accelerators which have the defects of high corrosivity, low early strength, low later compressive strength ratio, influence on the durability of concrete and the like, so the current development direction is alkali-free liquid accelerators, and further various process requirements of concrete are met.
And, it is known that the ionic aluminum ion is effective in increasing compressive strength and capable of shortening setting time, so aluminum sulfate is a core material of alkali-free setting accelerator, but because of its lower solubility, the ionic aluminum ion is less and the effective setting accelerator component is less. Meanwhile, the alkali-free accelerator contains more inorganic salt components, is easy to generate phenomena of layering and segregation and the like, and seriously influences the stability of the alkali-free accelerator product.
The alkali-free accelerator has the advantages that the starting time is relatively late, the technical development is immature, and more problems still exist, such as short storage period, poor adaptability and the like, the product can be layered and segregated only within one month at normal temperature, the doping amount of the alkali-free accelerator needs to be greatly increased in order to achieve the accelerating effect, and further the cost is increased, so the research and development of the alkali-free accelerator are more and more focused.
Patent No. CN108147695A 'A liquid alkali-free accelerator and a synthesis method thereof', discloses a liquid alkali-free accelerator and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing aluminum sulfate, nano aluminum hydroxide powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 150nm and nano silicic acid powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 150nm as main effective components, and mixing nano silicon dioxide powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 150nm, polyethylene glycol with the molecular weight of 25000-40000 and a polycarboxylate water reducing agent as auxiliary materials. Only alcohol or amine polyoxyethylene ether is used as a tackifier in the paper to help improve the dispersion stability of the nano aluminum hydroxide, silicic acid and silicon dioxide powder, and certain influence is exerted on the long-term dispersion stability in the future.
Patent No. CN106587704A "preparation method and flow of auxiliary materials for highly adaptable alkali-free accelerator", adopts polymeric aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, organic high molecular polymer and the like to prepare alkali-free accelerator, but low content of alkali metal still exists in the formula, and still risks exist.
The above patents are mostly the preparation methods of alkali-free setting accelerators, and it can be seen that the stability and adaptability of the sample of the alkali-free setting accelerator at present are one of the difficulties solved in various patents.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the characteristics of poor stability, low aluminum content, poor later strength and the like of an alkali-free accelerator in the prior art, the invention provides a dissolution accelerator, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in a liquid alkali-free accelerator.
The cosolvent is an organic-inorganic hybrid macromolecule, and the organic-inorganic hybrid molecule contains a heteropoly acid, cellulose and a dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) chain segment structure, wherein the heteropoly acid is in a cage structure and has the characteristic of rigid skeleton; the cellulose and the DMDAAC in the organic-inorganic hybrid molecules are copolymerized to obtain a copolymer chain segment, and the copolymer chain segment and the heteropoly acid chain segment are assembled through charges to finally form an organic-inorganic hybrid molecular structure.
The preparation method of the cosolvent comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps of carrying out free radical copolymerization on cellulose and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride in a water phase under the action of an initiator potassium persulfate to obtain an intermediate, carrying out charge assembly on the intermediate and heteropoly acid in the water phase, and filtering and drying to obtain the cosolvent.
The mass ratio of the cellulose to the dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride to the initiator to the heteropoly acid is (1.5-3): (25-50): (1-3): (25-150); the mass ratio of the cellulose to the dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride is 0.6: 10;
the cellulose is hydroxyethyl cellulose, the viscosity is 5000-7000 mPa & s, and the cellulose is commercially available;
the heteropoly acid is phosphomolybdic acid H3[PMo12O40]Or silicomolybdic acid H4[SiMo12O40]. Both of these heteropolyacids have been marketed, in which [ SiMo ] is12O40]4-And [ PMo12O40]3-The anionic group can carry out charge assembly with the cationic tertiary amine group of the dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride.
Further, the specific preparation process of the dissolution promoter comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing cellulose, dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, an initiator and water to obtain a water phase A;
dissolving heteropoly acid in water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a water phase B;
heating the water phase A to 50-75 ℃, carrying out polymerization reaction for 2-5 h to obtain a polymer C, reducing the temperature in a reaction container to 25 ℃,
and then adding the water phase B, adding a pH regulator, regulating the pH of the solution to 6.5-7.5, uniformly mixing, stirring for 12-24 h at the normal temperature of 25 ℃, filtering and drying to obtain the cosolvent.
The water phase A comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the polymer C is represented by a general formula (I)
Wherein n is the average repeating unit number of the dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, and n is an integer of 100-500.
The polymer C is obtained by the free radical polymerization reaction of hydroxyethyl cellulose and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, the free radical reaction is a conventional water system free radical polymerization reaction, and the polymer C can be prepared according to the method disclosed by a patent or a document. The number average molecular weight of the polymer C is 100000-200000, the number average molecular weight of the polymer is determined by adopting a high-efficiency gel chromatograph, wherein a positive charge is provided by a cationic tertiary amine group to carry out charge assembly with heteropoly acid.
In the preparation method of the cosolvent, the mass ratio of the water phase A to the water phase B is 1: 1; the mass ratio of the heteropoly acid to the dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride is 1: 1-1.5; the dropping time of the water phase B to the water phase A is 30-60 min.
In the preparation method of the dissolution promoter, the following components are added after the water phases A and B are uniformly mixed according to the mass percentage:
0.5 to 1 percent of pH regulator
The pH regulator is diethanolamine.
The dissolution promoter contains heteropoly acid chain segments which have the characteristics of rigid skeleton, cage-shaped structure and the like, and the structure determines that the heteropoly acid chain segments can complex aluminum ions to enter the cage-shaped structure to indirectly form concentration difference so as to promote the further dissolution of aluminum sulfate; cellulose chain segments are also introduced into the molecular structure of the accelerator, so that the solution viscosity of the accelerator can be obviously improved, and the stability of the accelerator is further improved; dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) which is easily soluble in water and exists in the cosolvent can be subjected to charge assembly with the heteropoly acid chain segment, so that the stability of the whole system is ensured. The subsequent system is introduced with the thixotropic agent with intercalation structure suspension stability, such as lithium magnesium silicate, which can further improve the comprehensive performance of the product.
That is, the present invention also provides the use of the dissolution accelerator for preparing an alkali-free accelerator for accelerating the dispersion of aluminum sulfate.
The alkali-free accelerator comprises aluminum sulfate, a dissolution promoter and water;
the aluminum sulfate is an industrial product and is also called aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate.
The mass ratio of the aluminum sulfate to the dissolution promoter is (12-32.5): 1.
the alkali-free accelerator also comprises the following components: the alcohol amine is one or a composition of more of diethanolamine or triethanolamine; the thixotropic agent is an aqueous solution of magnesium lithium silicate, wherein the mass concentration of the magnesium lithium silicate is 10%.
The alkali-free accelerator comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the preparation method of the alkali-free accelerator comprises the following steps: pouring aluminum sulfate, a dissolution accelerator, alcohol amine, a thixotropic agent and water in sequence, mixing uniformly, heating to 60-85 ℃, reacting for 5-10 h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the organic-inorganic hybrid alkali-free accelerator.
The alkali-free accelerator is used in the field of sprayed concrete, and the mixing amount of the alkali-free accelerator is 6-9 wt% of the cement.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
(1) the molecular structure of the dissolution promoter comprises a cellulose, DMDAAC and heteropoly acid cage structure, and the molecular structure of the dissolution promoter is formed by copolymerizing the cellulose and the DMDAAC to obtain a copolymer and then assembling the copolymer and the heteropoly acid through charges. The cosolvent molecules utilize a cage structure in heteropoly acid to complex a large amount of aluminum ions through a concentration diffusion effect; the cellulose chain segment is utilized to further disperse aluminum ions through a network structure, so that the concentration of soluble aluminum ions is improved, and the content of active aluminum ions in the alkali-free accelerator is obviously improved.
(2) The addition of the cellulose and the suspension stabilizing thixotropic agent forms a binary composite effect, and further improves the solution viscosity of the accelerating agent so as to improve the stability of the accelerating agent.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention utilizes the structural characteristics of the organic-inorganic hybrid type dissolution accelerator, improves the solubility of aluminum sulfate through concentration diffusion effect and network structure, and obviously improves the content of active aluminum ions of the alkali-free accelerator in the system; the high-content active aluminum promotes the generation of ettringite, consumes calcium hydroxide, further promotes the hydration of C3S, reduces the generation probability of calcium hydroxide crystals, and finally achieves the aims of shortening the setting time and ensuring the stability of a system.
When the alkali-free accelerator is 6% in low mixing amount, the setting time of the clear slurry and the mortar strength can meet the requirements of the alkali-free accelerator for the GBT 35159-.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the invention, the following examples are given for further illustration of the invention, but the invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.
The number average molecular weight of the polymer C described in the examples was determined by Shimadzu LC-20A high Performance gel chromatography (GPC) using TSKgel PWXL-CP series with column temperature of 40 deg.C and eluent of 0.1M NaNO3Aqueous solution, flow rate 1.0ml/min, sample size 20 u l 1 ‰ sample aqueous solution, standard curve preparation using dextran standard (Sigma-Aldrich).
Example 1
The preparation method of the organic-inorganic hybrid alkali-free accelerator comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing 2.985g of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 49.75g of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, 1.99g of potassium persulfate and 144.275g of water to obtain a water phase A; dissolving 49.75g of phosphomolybdic acid in 149.25g of water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a water phase B; heating the water phase A to 50 ℃, carrying out polymerization reaction for 2h to obtain a polymer C, reducing the temperature in a reaction container to 25 ℃, then dropwise adding the water phase B, controlling the dropwise adding time to be 30min, adding 2g of diethanolamine after the dropwise adding is finished, adjusting the pH of the solution to 6.5-7.5, uniformly mixing, stirring for 12h at the normal temperature of 25 ℃, filtering and drying to obtain a dissolution accelerator; polymer C had a number average molecular weight of 102321, where n was 145.
(2) And sequentially pouring 60g of aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate, 2g of dissolution accelerator, 1g of diethanolamine, 1g of thixotropic agent and 36g of water, uniformly mixing, heating to 60 ℃, reacting for 5 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the organic-inorganic hybrid alkali-free accelerator.
Example 2
The preparation method of the organic-inorganic hybrid alkali-free accelerator comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing 3.96g of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 65.99g of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, 2.97g of potassium persulfate and 125.07g of water to obtain a water phase A; dissolving 79.2g of silicomolybdic acid in 118.8g of water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a water phase B; heating the water phase A to 60 ℃, carrying out polymerization reaction for 3h to obtain a polymer C, reducing the temperature in a reaction container to 25 ℃, then dropwise adding the water phase B, controlling the dropwise adding time to be 40min, adding 4g of diethanolamine after the dropwise adding is finished, adjusting the pH of the solution to 6.5-7.5, uniformly mixing, stirring for 16h at the normal temperature of 25 ℃, filtering and drying to obtain a dissolution accelerator; polymer C had a number average molecular weight of 147324, where n was 317.
(2) And pouring 62g of aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate, 3g of dissolution accelerator, 1.5g of triethanolamine, 1.5g of thixotropic agent and 32g of water in sequence, mixing uniformly, heating to 70 ℃, reacting for 7 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the organic-inorganic hybrid alkali-free accelerator.
Example 3
The preparation method of the organic-inorganic hybrid alkali-free accelerator comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing 4.975g of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 82.90g of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, 3.98g of potassium persulfate and 107.14g of water to obtain a water phase A; 116.05g of silicomolybdic acid is dissolved in 82.94g of water and mixed evenly to obtain a water phase B; heating the water phase A to 70 ℃, carrying out polymerization reaction for 4 hours to obtain a polymer C, reducing the temperature in a reaction container to 25 ℃, then dropwise adding the water phase B, controlling the dropwise adding time to be 50min, adding 2g of diethanolamine after the dropwise adding is finished, adjusting the pH of the solution to 6.5-7.5, uniformly mixing, stirring at the normal temperature of 25 ℃ for 20 hours, filtering and drying to obtain a dissolution accelerator; polymer C had a number average molecular weight of 171455, where n was 406.
(2) And sequentially pouring 64g of aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate, 4g of dissolution accelerator, 2g of diethanolamine, 2g of thixotropic agent and 28g of water, uniformly mixing, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 9 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the organic-inorganic hybrid alkali-free accelerator.
Example 4
The preparation method of the organic-inorganic hybrid alkali-free accelerator comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing 5.94g of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 99g of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, 5.94g of potassium persulfate and 87.12g of water to obtain a water phase A; dissolving 148.5g of phosphomolybdic acid in 49.5g of water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a water phase B; heating the water phase A to 75 ℃, carrying out polymerization reaction for 5 hours to obtain a polymer C, reducing the temperature in a reaction container to 25 ℃, then dropwise adding the water phase B, controlling the dropwise adding time to be 60min, adding 4g of diethanolamine after the dropwise adding is finished, adjusting the pH of the solution to 6.5-7.5, uniformly mixing, stirring for 24 hours at the normal temperature of 25 ℃, filtering and drying to obtain a dissolution accelerator; polymer C has a number average molecular weight of 196521, where n is 497.
(2) Pouring 65g of aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate, 5g of dissolution accelerator, 3g of triethanolamine, 3g of thixotropic agent and 24g of water in sequence, mixing uniformly, heating to 85 ℃, reacting for 10 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the organic-inorganic hybrid alkali-free accelerator.
Comparative example 1
And pouring 65g of aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate, 3g of diethanolamine and 32g of water in sequence, mixing uniformly, heating to 85 ℃, reacting for 10 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the alkali-free accelerator.
Comparative example 2
And pouring 65g of aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate, 3g of diethanolamine, 3g of thixotropic agent and 29g of water in sequence, mixing uniformly, heating to 85 ℃, reacting for 10 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the alkali-free accelerator.
Comparative example 3
And pouring 50g of aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate, 3g of diethanolamine and 47g of water in sequence, mixing uniformly, heating to 85 ℃, reacting for 10 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the alkali-free accelerator.
The alkali-free accelerators obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were tested for their performance and the results are shown in Table 1.
The viscosity value is measured by weighing 100ml of the alkali-free setting accelerator into a beaker, standing for one week, and then measuring the viscosity value by using a Brookfield Brohler viscometer. If the product had a crystalline delamination, the viscosity value could not be measured and was noted as "/".
The test method of the layering value refers to national standard GB 35159-2017.
The test method for the test material, the setting time, the 1d compressive strength, the 28d compressive strength ratio and the 90d compressive strength retention rate refers to the Chinese building material industry standard GBT 35159-2017. The cement used is P.O 42.5.5 cement produced by Jiangsu union cement Co.
TABLE 1 results of performance tests of examples and comparative examples (6 wt% is selected for the amount of incorporation)
TABLE 2 setting time of example 2 with cement at various admixtures
From the experimental results, the initial setting time and the final setting time of the organic-inorganic hybrid alkali-free setting accelerators prepared in all the examples 1 to 4 are less than the standard GBT 35159-2017 of the Chinese building material industry. In particular, the initial setting time and the final setting time of the sample of example 2 can reach 2 minutes, 41 seconds and 5 minutes, 43 seconds. Meanwhile, it is not difficult to discover that the initial setting time of the working performance of the sample is greatly reduced when the content of the dissolution accelerator is increased, but the initial setting time of the working performance of the sample is increased to a certain extent when the content of the dissolution accelerator is continuously increased and the using amount of the aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate is also increased, which proves that the sample possibly enters a supersaturated adsorption state when the using amount of the dissolution accelerator is too large, and the aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate at the moment is possibly subjected to a secondary aggregation phenomenon due to the adsorption bridge action of the dissolution accelerator. When the concentration of the dissolution accelerator is further increased, the polymer chain parts in the dissolution accelerator may be intertwined with each other, which affects the dispersion and dissolution process of aluminum sulfate, and results in a longer initial setting time of the working performance of the obtained sample.
In addition, when the different components of the dissolution promoter also affect the working performance of the dissolution promoter, the larger or smaller molecular weight of the polymer C is not favorable for the dissolution promotion effect of the dissolution promoter, because the cage-shaped structure in the heteropoly acid complexes a large amount of aluminum ions through the concentration diffusion effect, and the heteropoly acid and the high molecular long chain in the polymer C are mutually soluble with water but have low surface affinity, so the heteropoly acid and the high molecular long chain in the polymer C extend in the medium to form steric hindrance, and in order to form a thick enough dispersion layer, the molecular weight and flexibility of the polymer C play an important role, the molecular weight of the polymer C is not too high or too low, because the long chain in the polymer C can cause the cage effect on the heteropoly acid when the molecular weight is too high, and the amount of the complexed aluminum ions is reduced when the molecular weight is too low, so the molecular weight of the polymer C in the dissolution promoter is not suitable for being too high or too low.
Compared with examples 1-4, the initial setting time of comparative sample 1 (without addition of the dissolution accelerator and the thixotropic agent) is obviously prolonged, and large-area crystallization occurs. In contrast to examples 1-4, the initial setting time of comparative example 2 (without the addition of the dissolution accelerator) was still increased, and the crystallization phenomenon was slightly less than that of comparative example 1 due to the addition of the thixotropic agent. In comparative sample 3 (no dissolution accelerator and thixotropic agent are added, and the content of aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate is low), although the crystallization phenomenon does not occur, the initial setting time is obviously increased, and the working performance is reduced. From the experimental results shown in table 2, the working performance of example 2 still meets the national standard requirement of GBT 35159-.
According to the invention, the organic-inorganic hybrid accelerator is utilized, the solubility of aluminum sulfate is improved through a concentration diffusion effect and a network structure, and the content of active aluminum ions of the alkali-free accelerator in the system is obviously improved; the high-content active aluminum promotes the generation of the ettringite, the ettringite in a rod shape or a columnar shape is formed through a liquid phase-precipitation reaction, the ettringite is distributed in a non-oriented way among cement particles, calcium hydroxide is consumed during the generation of the ettringite, the hydration of C3S is further promoted, the generation probability of calcium hydroxide crystals is reduced, and the aims of shortening the setting time and ensuring the stability of a system are finally fulfilled.
Claims (10)
1. The cosolvent is characterized by being an organic-inorganic hybrid macromolecule, wherein the organic-inorganic hybrid macromolecule contains a heteropoly acid, cellulose and a dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) chain segment structure, and the heteropoly acid is in a cage structure and has the characteristic of skeleton rigidity; the cellulose and the DMDAAC in the organic-inorganic hybrid molecules are copolymerized to obtain a copolymer chain segment, and the copolymer chain segment and the heteropoly acid chain segment are assembled through charges to finally form an organic-inorganic hybrid molecular structure;
the cellulose is hydroxyethyl cellulose, and the viscosity is 5000-7000 mPa & s;
the heteropoly acid is phosphomolybdic acid H3[PMo12O40]Or silicomolybdic acid H4[SiMo12O40]。
2. The preparation method of the cosolvent according to claim 1, characterized in that cellulose and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride are subjected to radical copolymerization in an aqueous phase under the action of an initiator potassium persulfate to obtain an intermediate, and the intermediate and heteropoly acid are subjected to charge assembly in the aqueous phase and are filtered and dried to obtain the cosolvent;
the mass ratio of the cellulose to the dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride to the initiator to the heteropoly acid is (1.5-3): (25-50): (1-3): (25-150); and the mass ratio of the cellulose to the dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride is 0.6: 10.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the cosolvent is prepared by the following specific processes:
uniformly mixing cellulose, dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, an initiator and water to obtain a water phase A;
dissolving heteropoly acid in water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a water phase B;
heating the water phase A to 50-75 ℃, carrying out polymerization reaction for 2-5 h to obtain a polymer C, reducing the temperature in a reaction container to 25 ℃,
then adding the water phase B, adding a pH regulator, regulating the pH of the solution to 6.5-7.5, uniformly mixing, stirring for 12-24 h at the normal temperature of 25 ℃, filtering and drying to obtain the cosolvent;
the water phase A comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
1.5 to 3 percent of cellulose,
25-50% of dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride,
1 to 3 percent of initiator,
the balance of water.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the polymer C is represented by the general formula (I):
wherein n is the average repeating unit number of the dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, and n is an integer of 100-500.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein in the preparation method of the cosolvent, the mass ratio of the aqueous phase A to the aqueous phase B is 1: 1; the mass ratio of the heteropoly acid to the dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride is 1: 1-1.5; the dropping time of the water phase B to the water phase A is 30-60 min.
6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the pH regulator is diethanolamine, and accounts for 0.5-1% of the total mass of the aqueous phase A and the aqueous phase B.
7. Use of a dissolution accelerator according to claim 1, wherein the dissolution accelerator is used to prepare an alkali-free accelerator to accelerate the dispersion of aluminium sulphate.
8. The use of the dissolution accelerator according to claim 1, for preparing an alkali-free accelerator comprising aluminum sulfate, the dissolution accelerator and water; the aluminum sulfate is an industrial product and is also called aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate; the mass ratio of the aluminum sulfate to the dissolution promoter is (12-32.5): 1.
9. the use according to claim 8, wherein the alkali-free accelerator further comprises: the alcohol amine is one or a composition of more of diethanolamine or triethanolamine; the thixotropic agent is an aqueous solution of magnesium lithium silicate, wherein the mass concentration of the magnesium lithium silicate is 10%;
the alkali-free accelerator comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
60 to 65 percent of aluminum sulfate,
2-5% of a dissolution promoter,
1 to 3 percent of alcohol amine,
1 to 3 percent of thixotropic agent,
the balance of water.
10. The use of claim 9, wherein the alkali-free accelerator is prepared by the following steps: pouring aluminum sulfate, a dissolution accelerator, alcohol amine, a thixotropic agent and water in sequence, mixing uniformly, heating to 60-85 ℃, reacting for 5-10 h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the organic-inorganic hybrid alkali-free accelerator.
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