CN111376747A - Wireless charging method and related device - Google Patents

Wireless charging method and related device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111376747A
CN111376747A CN201811609828.1A CN201811609828A CN111376747A CN 111376747 A CN111376747 A CN 111376747A CN 201811609828 A CN201811609828 A CN 201811609828A CN 111376747 A CN111376747 A CN 111376747A
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coil
wireless charging
charging
branch
coils
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CN111376747B (en
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吴自贤
曾晓生
张伟
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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Abstract

The application provides a wireless charging method and a related device, wherein a wireless charging primary coil is connected with different branch coils of a plurality of branch coils and is associated with a plurality of coil configurations, the different coil configurations correspond to different working state charging coils, equivalent movement of the working state charging coils in the wireless charging primary coil is realized by controlling the opening or closing of a switch device, and a proper working state charging coil is determined according to the position of a vehicle, so that the maximum charging efficiency is realized between the working state charging coil and the wireless charging secondary coil of the vehicle, the charging alignment can be realized without adding a complicated mechanical power device and a position sensor, and the deployment cost is reduced.

Description

Wireless charging method and related device
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless charging, and in particular, to a wireless charging method and related device
Background
An important index of a vehicle wireless charging technology is charging efficiency, in a vehicle wireless charging system, the wireless charging system comprises a wireless charging secondary coil arranged on a vehicle (a charging receiving end) and a wireless charging primary coil arranged on a charging transmitting end, electric energy is transmitted between the wireless charging primary coil and the wireless charging secondary coil through electromagnetic coupling, the alignment degree between the wireless charging primary coil and the wireless charging secondary coil has obvious influence on the charging efficiency, the higher the alignment degree between the wireless charging primary coil and the wireless charging secondary coil is, the higher the charging efficiency is, otherwise, the lower the charging efficiency is, and even the vehicle cannot be charged. In order to achieve alignment between a wireless charging secondary coil and a wireless charging primary coil of a vehicle, the existing solutions are: the charging transmitting terminal is provided with a set of mechanical power device and a position sensor, the mechanical power device enables the wireless charging primary coil to be movable, and the position sensor is used for detecting the position of the wireless charging secondary coil arranged on the vehicle. The charging transmitting terminal detects the relative position between the wireless charging secondary coil and the wireless charging primary coil through the position sensor, judges whether the relative position meets a preset position condition, drives a motor in the mechanical power device to move the wireless charging primary coil if the relative position does not meet the preset position condition, continues to detect the relative position between the wireless charging secondary coil and the wireless charging primary coil, and starts charging when the relative position meets the preset position condition.
As can be seen from the above description, in order to achieve alignment between the wireless charging primary coil and the wireless charging secondary coil, a mechanical power device and a sensor are required to be added to the additional charging transmitting terminal to achieve alignment between the wireless charging primary coil and the wireless charging secondary coil, and the deployment cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a wireless charging method and a related device, which realize accurate alignment between a wireless charging primary coil and a wireless charging secondary coil by controlling equivalent movement of a working state charging coil in the wireless charging primary coil, improve charging efficiency and reduce deployment cost.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a wireless charging primary coil for wirelessly charging a vehicle, the wireless charging primary coil including a main coil, a plurality of main coils, and a plurality of switching devices, two opposing coil groups in the main coil connecting the plurality of main coils, any one of the branch coils being connected to the main coil through at least one of the plurality of switching devices, the plurality of branch coils being parallel to each other, the wireless charging primary coil connecting different branch coils of the plurality of branch coils in association with a plurality of coil configurations, the switching devices being multi-contact switching devices, the switches receiving control instructions, and selecting a branch line coil connected to the main coil from the plurality of branch line coils according to the target coil configuration in the plurality of coil configurations indicated by the control instruction to form a working state charging coil, wherein the lengths of the working state charging coils corresponding to the plurality of coil configurations are equal or similar.
According to the above description, the wireless charging primary coil is associated with a plurality of coil configurations for representing different working state charging coils, the equivalent movement of the working state charging coil in the wireless charging primary coil is realized by controlling the opening or closing of the switch device, the working state charging coil with the highest charging efficiency is determined according to the position of the vehicle, the maximum charging efficiency is realized between the working state charging coil and the wireless charging secondary coil of the vehicle, the charging alignment can be realized without adding a complicated mechanical power device and a position sensor, and the deployment cost is reduced.
In one possible design, further comprising: and the controller is used for determining a control command according to the position parameter of the vehicle and sending the control command to the plurality of switching devices.
In one possible design, the distance between two adjacent branch coils of the plurality of branch coils is equal to the distance between at least one of the two branch coils and one edge of the main coil.
In one possible design, the number of the branch route loops is N, at least two pairs of adjacent N/2 branch route loops exist, the distance between any two adjacent branch route loops in the N/2 branch route loops is equal, and N is an even number which is greater than or equal to 6.
In one possible design, the main coil is a rectangular coil or an approximately rectangular coil.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a wireless charging method for a vehicle, comprising: after a vehicle enters a wireless charging lane, a charging transmitting terminal acquires the relative position information of the vehicle and a ground wireless charging primary coil; the wireless charging lane is provided with a wireless charging coil, the wireless charging coil comprises a main coil and a plurality of branch coils, the wireless charging primary coil is connected with different branch coils in the plurality of branch coils and is associated with various coil configurations, the charging transmitting end generates a control instruction according to the relative position information, and the control instruction is used for indicating the wireless charging coil to select a target coil configuration from the various coil configurations. And the charging transmitting terminal charges the vehicle by the charging coil according to the working state corresponding to the configuration of the target coil.
In one possible design, the method further comprises acquiring the moving speed of the vehicle; and controlling the opening time and the closing time of the wireless charging primary coil according to the relative position information and the moving speed.
In one possible design, the lengths of the charging coils in the respective operating states of the various coil configurations are equal or similar.
In one possible design, further comprising: the battery model and the wireless charging secondary coil parameters of the vehicle are obtained, and the charging parameters of the wireless charging primary coil are determined according to the battery model and the wireless charging secondary coil parameters.
In one possible design, the target coil is configured as the most efficient coil configuration to charge between the wireless charging primary coil and the wireless charging secondary coil of the vehicle.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an alignment method for wireless charging of a vehicle, comprising: when a vehicle enters a wireless charging area, a charging transmitting terminal sequentially selects one coil configuration from a plurality of coil configurations associated with different branch coils in a plurality of branch coils connected with a wireless charging primary coil, and a detection voltage is loaded on a working state charging coil indicated by the coil configuration in the wireless charging primary coil; the wireless charging primary coil comprises a main coil, a plurality of branch coils and a plurality of switching devices, wherein the plurality of branch coils are connected between two opposite coil groups in the main coil, any branch coil is connected with the main coil through at least one switching device in the plurality of switching devices, and the plurality of branch coils are parallel to each other; the coil is configured to represent an operating state charging coil formed by at least one branch coil connected into the main coil; the charging transmitting terminal measures a coupling coefficient between the wireless charging primary coil and a wireless charging secondary coil of the vehicle under each coil configuration; and the charging transmitting terminal is used for charging the vehicle according to the largest coil configuration of the coupling system.
In one possible design, before selecting one coil configuration from a plurality of coil configurations associated with different branch coils of a plurality of branch coils connected to a wireless charging primary coil in sequence when the vehicle enters the wireless charging area, the method further includes: loading the detection voltage to a working state charging coil indicated by a default coil configuration in the wireless charging primary coil; and measuring that the coupling coefficient between the wireless charging primary coil and the wireless charging primary coil of the vehicle under the default coil configuration is smaller than a threshold value. The default coil configuration is one of a plurality of coil configurations, such as: the default coil is configured as an operating state charging coil located in the middle of the main coil; the threshold is a coupling coefficient pre-stored or pre-configured for the coil at the charging transmitting end, and the specific value is not limited in this embodiment.
In one possible design, the charging transmitting terminal charges the vehicle according to the default coil configuration when the coupling coefficient between the wireless charging primary coil and the wireless charging secondary coil of the vehicle in the default coil configuration is greater than or equal to a threshold value.
In one possible design, the detection voltage is less than the charging voltage of the vehicle. Before the vehicle is not charged, the coil configuration with the highest coupling coefficient is detected by using low voltage, and the vehicle is charged by using high voltage after the coil configuration with the highest coupling coefficient is determined, so that the loss of electric energy can be reduced.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a charging transmitting terminal comprising a controller and a wireless charging primary coil, the wireless charging primary coil being disposed in a wireless charging lane, the wireless charging primary coil comprising a main coil and a plurality of branch coils, the wireless charging primary coil connecting different branch coils of the plurality of branch coils in association with a plurality of coil configurations; the controller calls program code stored in the memory for executing the method of any of the second aspects.
In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a charging transmitting terminal, including a controller and a wireless charging primary coil, where the wireless charging primary coil includes a main coil, a plurality of branch coils, and a plurality of switching devices, two opposite coil groups in the main coil are connected to the plurality of branch coils, any one branch coil is connected to the main coil through at least one switching device in the plurality of switching devices, and the plurality of branch coils are parallel to each other; the coil is configured to represent an operating state charging coil formed by at least one branch coil connected into the main coil; the controller calls program code stored in the memory for executing the method of any one of the third aspect.
The controller may be a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated chip, a system on chip (SoC), a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), a digital signal processing circuit, a Micro Controller Unit (MCU), or a Programmable Logic Device (PLD) or other integrated chips. The controller may have an internal integrated memory, or the controller and the memory may be separately provided, and the memory has a program code stored therein, and the controller calls the program code to execute the method according to any one of the second aspect and the third aspect.
A further aspect of the present application provides a computer storage medium comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method according to any one of the various possible embodiments of the second to third aspects.
A further aspect of the present application provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method according to any of the various possible embodiments of the second to third aspects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the background art of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments or the background art of the present invention will be described below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless charging primary coil according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless charging primary coil with two branch coils according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless charging primary coil with three branch coils according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 to 8 are schematic structural diagrams of charging coils in different coil configurations according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for charging a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the opening and closing of the switching devices for wirelessly charging the primary coil in different configurations provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is another schematic structural diagram of a vehicle wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 12 is another schematic flow chart of a wireless charging method for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a positional relationship of each coil of the wireless charging primary coil in the wireless charging lane according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a coil configuration for selecting a wireless charging primary coil in a wireless charging vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the vehicle wireless charging system is hereinafter referred to as a wireless charging system for short, and the wireless charging system includes a charging transmitting terminal 100, a charging receiving terminal 200, a power battery 300, and a power grid power supply terminal 400. The charging transmitting terminal 100 includes a controller 110, a power module 120, a communication module 130, a wireless charging primary coil 140, and a control circuit 150. The charging receiving end includes a controller 210, a power module 220, a communication module 230, and a wireless charging secondary coil 240. The wireless charging system is applied to a static charging scene, that is, a scene in which a vehicle is parked above the wireless charging primary coil 140 and the charging transmitting terminal 100 charges the vehicle.
In the charging transmitting terminal 100, the wireless charging primary coil 140 is installed on the ground, and when the vehicle is parked above the wireless charging primary coil 140, the wireless charging primary coil 140 and the wireless charging secondary coil 240 charge the vehicle by electromagnetic coupling. The power module 120 is used to regulate charging power, such as: the voltage and/or current applied to the wireless charging primary coil 140 is regulated. The controller 110 is used for controlling other components in the charging transmitting terminal 100 to perform corresponding operations. The wireless charging primary coil 140 includes a plurality of switching devices, and the control circuit 150 receives a control command from the controller 110, and controls the plurality of switching devices in the wireless charging primary coil 140 to be turned on and off to form a corresponding operating state charging coil according to the control command. The communication module 130 is used for communicating with the communication module 230 to obtain charging parameters of the vehicle, such as: vehicle model, vehicle ID, and wireless charging secondary coil parameters, etc. The grid power supply terminal 400 provides input power for the charging transmission terminal 100. The control circuit 150 may be integrated in the wireless charging primary coil 140, or may be disposed independently from the wireless charging primary coil 140, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.
The charging receiving terminal 200 may be located in a vehicle, in the charging receiving terminal 200, the controller 210 is configured to control each component in the charging receiving terminal to perform a corresponding operation, and the communication module 230 is configured to communicate with the communication module 130 to obtain related parameters of the charging transmitting terminal 100, for example: charging power, billing information, etc. The power module 220 is used for charging power loaded on the power battery 300. The communication module 230 is used for communicating with the charging transmitting terminal 100.
The charging process between the charging transmitting terminal 100 and the charging receiving terminal 200 includes: after the controller 110 establishes wireless communication with the controller 210, the controller 110 determines whether one or more of the vehicle model, the vehicle ID, the vehicle authorization information and the wireless charging secondary coil parameter are matched through a handshaking process, if so, the controller 110 loads the electric energy of the power grid power supply end 400 to the wireless charging primary coil 140, the wireless charging primary coil 140 and the wireless charging secondary coil 240 supply power to the charging receiving end 200 through an electromagnetic coupling effect, and then the charging receiving end 200 charges the power battery 300. When the charging is finished, the controller 110 stops supplying power to the grid power supply terminal 400, and the wireless charging primary coil 140 stops transmitting the electromagnetic signal to the wireless charging secondary coil 240.
The structure of the wireless charging primary coil 140 in fig. 1 is explained in detail below:
referring to fig. 2, a schematic structural diagram of a wireless charging primary coil provided for an embodiment of the present invention includes a primary coil, a plurality of branch coils, and a plurality of switching devices, where the primary coil includes an opposing coil L1 and an opposing coil L2, and an opposing coil L3 and an opposing coil L4, and the coil L1 and the coil L2 are two opposing coil sets. Coil L1 connects coil L3 and coil L4, and coil L2 connects coil L3 and coil L4. The various branch coils are: the wireless charging primary coil comprises a branch coil A1, a branch coil A2, a branch coil A3, a branch coil An of …, a branch coil B1, a branch coil B2, a branch coil B3 and a branch coil Bn of …, wherein the number N of the branch coils in the wireless charging primary coil is 2N, N is more than or equal to 1, and N is An integer. The branch line circle A1 and the branch line circle B2 form a pair of coils, the branch line circle A2 and the branch line circle B3 form a pair of coils, and the branch line circle A (n-1) and the branch line circle Bn … form a pair of coils. For each branch coil, the branch coil is connected to the main coil by one or more switching devices, and in fig. 2 the branch coil is connected to the main coil by two switching devices, for example: one end of the branch coil a1 is connected to the coil L1 through a switching device, and the other end of the branch coil a1 is connected to the coil L2 through a switching device.
The branch loops included in the main coil 140 are parallel to each other, that is, any two branch loops of the branch loops a1, the branch loop a2, the branch loops A3, …, the branch loop B1, the branch loop B2, the branch loop B3, and the branch loop Bn … are parallel to each other. Further, the coil L3 and the coil L3 were also parallel to the various branch coils described above.
Wherein, d in FIG. 21,d2,....dnIndicating the pitch between the individual coils, the distance between coil L3 and branch loop a1 is equal to the distance between branch loop B1 and branch loop B2, the distance between branch loop a1 and branch loop a2 is equal to the distance between branch loop B2 and branch loop B3, …, the distance between branch loop a (n-2) and branch loop (n-1) is equal to the distance between branch loop B (n-1) and branch loop Bn, and the distance between branch loop a (n-1) and branch loop An is equal to the distance between branch loop Bn and coil L4.
In one possible embodiment, the main coil is a rectangular coil or an approximately rectangular coil, and the approximately rectangular coil may be an approximately rectangular coil with rounded corners; or an approximately rectangular coil with 45 degree corners.
In one possible embodiment, the distance between any two adjacent coils of coil L3, branch loop a1, branch loop a2, branch loop A3, branch loop An …, branch loop B1, branch loop B2, branch loop B3, branch loop Bn …, and coil L4 is equal, i.e. d is equal1＝d2＝...＝dn. Further, the distance between any two of the branch coils is equal to twice the maximum value Dmax of the charging alignment tolerance.
For example, referring to fig. 3, n is 2, and the wireless charging primary coil 140 includes 4 coils: a branch circle a1, a branch circle a2, a branch circle B1 and a branch circle B2, the 4 branch circles being parallel to each other. The distance between the branch coil a1 and the coil L3 is equal to the distance between the branch coil B1 and the branch coil B2, and the distance between the branch coil a1 and the branch coil a2 is equal to the distance between the branch coil B2 and the coil L4.
For another example, referring to fig. 4, where n is 3, the wireless charging primary coil 140 includes 6 branch coils: branch circle a1, branch circle a2, branch circle A3, branch circle B1, branch circle B2, and branch circle B3. The above 6 branch loops are parallel to each other, the distance between the coil L3 and the branch loop a1 is equal to the distance between the branch loop B1 and the branch loop B2, the distance between the branch loop a1 and the branch loop a2 is equal to the distance between the branch loop B2 and the branch loop B3, and the distance between the branch loop a2 and the branch loop A3 is equal to the distance between the branch loop B3 and the coil L4.
The control circuit 150 is connected to a plurality of switching devices in the wireless charging primary coil 140, the switching devices are multi-contact switches, the structure of the switching devices is as shown in fig. 5, each switching device includes a contact 1, a contact 2, and a contact 3, the switching device switches a knife switch among the contact 1, the contact 2, and the contact 3 under the control of the control circuit 150, and the switching device has 3 connection modes: the knife switch is connected between the contact 1 and the contact 3 to realize that the branch coil and the main coil are electrically connected; the knife switch is connected between the contact 3 and the contact 2 to realize the electric connection of the two parts of the main coil; the knife switch is connected between the contact 1 and the contact 2 to realize the electric connection of the branch coil and the main coil.
The wireless charging primary coil 140 is associated with n +1 coil configurations, different coil configurations correspond to different working state charging coils, the controller 110 sends a control instruction to each control circuit 150, and the control circuit 150 controls a knife switch of the multi-contact switch to switch between different contacts according to the control instruction, so that different branch coils are connected into the main coil to form different working state charging coils, and the lengths of the different working state charging coils are equal or similar. The fact that the lengths of the coils are close in the embodiment of the invention means that the length difference between the charging coils in two working states fluctuates up and down within a specified range, and the specified range can be set according to requirements, and is not limited here. The attribute information of the charging coils in working states corresponding to different coil configurations is the same or similar, and the attribute information comprises: material, thickness, number of turns, etc.
For example, referring to fig. 6 to 8, 3 coil configurations associated with the wireless charging primary coil 140 are shown: fig. 6 shows a coil configuration 1 of the wireless charging primary coil 140, fig. 7 shows a coil configuration 2 of the wireless charging primary coil 140, and fig. 8 shows a coil configuration 3 of the wireless charging primary coil 140. The dashed box in fig. 6 is an operating state charging coil 1 corresponding to configuration 1, and operating state charging coil 1 is composed of coil L3, branch coil B1, part of coil L1, and part of coil L2. The dashed box in fig. 7 is an operating state charging coil 2 corresponding to configuration 2, the operating state charging coil 2 being composed of a part of branch coil a1, branch coil a2, coil L1 and a part of coil L2; the dashed box in fig. 8 is the operating state charging coil 3 corresponding to the configuration 3, the operating state charging coil 3 being composed of part of branch coil a2, coil L4, coil L1 and part of coil L2. Working state charging coil 1, working state charging coil 2 and working state charging coil 3 are equal or close.
According to the structure of the wireless charging primary coil in the embodiment of the invention, different coil configurations of the wireless charging primary coil can be selected by controlling the opening or closing of the opening device in the wireless charging primary coil, so that different branch coils are connected into the main coil to form different charging coils in working states, the charging coils in the working states move in the wireless charging primary coil equivalently, the alignment of a vehicle can be realized without adding an additional mechanical power device or a sensor, and the deployment cost is reduced.
Referring to fig. 9, a schematic flowchart of a wireless charging method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the wireless charging method is applied to the wireless charging system of the vehicle shown in fig. 1, and the method includes:
s901, when a vehicle enters a wireless charging area, one coil configuration is sequentially selected from multiple coil configurations related to a wireless charging primary coil, and a detection voltage is loaded on a working state charging coil indicated by the coil configuration in the wireless charging primary coil.
Specifically, when the controller 110 establishes a communication connection with the controller 210, it determines that the vehicle is parked in the wireless charging area, and controls the vehicle to maintain the longitudinal alignment with the wireless charging primary coil 140, where the longitudinal alignment may be performed by: a parking stopper is installed on the wireless charging area, and the longitudinal alignment of the vehicle with the wireless charging primary coil 140 can be achieved only when the vehicle is parked in contact with the parking stopper. The controller 110 obtains a plurality of coil configurations associated with different ones of the plurality of branch coils from which the wireless charging primary coil 140 is connected based on previously stored or configured information, and sequentially selects one coil configuration from the plurality of coil configurations in a traversal until all of the coil configurations are selected. The controller 110 sends a control instruction indicating the selected coil configuration to the control circuit 150, and the control circuit 150 controls the plurality of switching devices to be turned on or off according to the coil configuration to form a corresponding operating state charging coil in the wireless charging primary coil, and applies the detection voltage to the operating state charging coil. Different coil configurations correspond to different operating state charging coils. In the embodiment of the present invention, reference may be made to the descriptions of fig. 2 to fig. 8 for the structure of the wireless charging primary coil, which is not described herein again.
And S902, measuring a coupling coefficient between the wireless charging primary coil and the wireless charging secondary coil of the vehicle under each coil configuration.
Among other things, the controller 110 obtains parameters of the wireless charging secondary coil 240 through interaction with the controller 210, such as: coupling current and self-inductance, etc., and then according to the formula
Figure BDA0001924458020000061
Calculating a coupling coefficient between the wireless charging primary coil 140 and the wireless charging primary coil 240, where K is the coupling coefficient and L is the coupling coefficient1Self-inductance, L, of primary coil 140 for wireless charging2Self-inductance factor, I, of secondary coil 240 for wireless charging1Coupling current, I, for wireless charging of the primary coil 1402To wirelessly charge the coupling current of secondary coil 240.
For example, referring to fig. 10, 3 coil configurations (abbreviated configurations in fig. 10) are associated with the wireless charging primary coil 140: configuration 1, configuration 2 and configuration 3. First, the controller 110 controls the opening or closing of the plurality of switching devices in the wireless charging primary coil according to configuration 1 to form the operation state charging coil 1 as shown in fig. 6, applies a detection voltage to the operation state charging coil 1, and measures a coupling coefficient K1 between the wireless charging primary coil 140 and the wireless charging secondary coil 240 in configuration 1. Then the controller 110 controls the plurality of switching devices of the wireless charging primary coil 140 to be opened and closed according to the configuration 2 to form an operating state charging coil 2, applies a detection voltage to the operating state charging coil 2, and measures a coupling coefficient K2 between the wireless charging primary coil 140 and the wireless charging secondary coil 240 in the configuration 2; finally, the controller 110 controls the opening and closing of the plurality of switching devices in the wireless charging primary coil 140 to form the operating state charging coil 3 according to the configuration 3, applies the detection voltage to the operating state charging coil 3, and measures the coupling coefficient K3 between the wireless charging primary coil 140 and the wireless charging secondary coil 240 in the configuration 3.
And S902, charging the vehicle according to the coil configuration with the maximum coupling coefficient.
Specifically, the maximum coupling coefficient indicates the highest charging efficiency, and the alignment between the charging coil and the wireless charging secondary coil is the highest in the working state under the coil configuration.
For example, according to the example of fig. 10, the controller 110 compares the magnitudes among the coupling coefficient K1, the coupling coefficient K2, and the coupling coefficient K3, and charges the vehicle according to configuration 1 assuming that the coupling coefficient K1 is the largest. Wherein the charging voltage during charging is less than the detection voltage.
It should be noted that the present embodiment is not limited to measuring the coupling coefficient between the wireless charging primary coil and the wireless charging secondary coil, and parameters such as the charging efficiency, the open-circuit voltage of the wireless charging secondary coil 240, and the short-circuit current of the wireless charging secondary coil 240 may be measured to determine the coil configuration with the highest alignment.
In one possible embodiment, before S901, the controller 110 applies a detection voltage to the operating state charging coil indicated by the default coil configuration in the wireless charging primary coil 140, and performs S901 to S903 when the coupling coefficient between the wireless charging primary coil and the wireless charging primary coil of the vehicle in the default coil configuration is measured to be smaller than a threshold value. Otherwise, the vehicle is charged according to the default coil configuration. The default coil configuration is one of the plurality of coil configurations in S901.
Specifically, when the controller 110 and the controller 120 establish a communication connection, the controller 110 obtains a default coil configuration configured previously by the charging transmitting terminal 100, generates a control instruction according to the default coil configuration, and sends the control instruction to the control circuit 150, so that the control circuit 150 controls the switching device to be turned on or off to form a corresponding operating state charging coil in the wireless charging primary coil, loads a detection voltage onto the operating state charging coil, measures a coupling coefficient between the wireless charging primary coil 140 and the wireless charging secondary coil at this time, and if the coupling coefficient is smaller than a threshold value, it indicates that the degree of alignment between the operating state charging coil and the wireless charging secondary coil 240 in the default coil configuration is not high, thereby further performing the traversal process of S901 to S903. It should be noted that, since the working state charging coil corresponding to the default coil configuration has been previously measured, the default coil configuration in the plurality of coil configurations needs to be excluded in the traversal process of S901.
According to the description of fig. 9, the controller 110 sequentially selects one coil configuration from a plurality of coil configurations associated with the wireless charging primary coil in a traversal manner, applies a detection voltage to the working state charging coil in the coil configuration, measures a coupling coefficient between the wireless charging primary coil and the wireless charging secondary coil in each coil configuration, charges the vehicle according to the coil configuration with the largest coupling coefficient, realizes equivalent movement of the working state charging coil by controlling the opening or closing of a plurality of switching devices in the wireless charging primary coil, does not need to add a mechanical power device, and solves the alignment problem between the wireless charging secondary coil of the vehicle and the wireless charging primary coil of the charging transmitting terminal in a low-cost manner.
Referring to fig. 11, a schematic structural diagram of a wireless charging system for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is referred to as a wireless charging system, and the wireless charging system is applied to a dynamic charging scenario, that is, a vehicle is charged while the vehicle travels through a wireless charging lane in which a plurality of wireless charging primary coils are deployed. The difference between the wireless charging system of fig. 11 and the wireless charging system of fig. 1 is that: the wireless charging system of fig. 11 is deployed with a plurality of wireless charging primary coils and sensors for detecting relevant parameters such as relative position information, speed, etc. of a vehicle in a wireless charging lane, the plurality of wireless charging primary coils being arranged at equal intervals in the middle of the wireless charging lane. The structure of each wireless charging primary coil in fig. 11 is the same as that of the wireless charging primary coil in fig. 2 to 8, and the description of fig. 2 to 8 may be specifically referred to.
Referring to fig. 12, a schematic flowchart of a wireless charging method according to an embodiment of the present invention, the method is based on the vehicle dynamic charging system of fig. 11, and the method includes:
and S1201, acquiring the relative position information of the wireless charging primary coil with the ground after the vehicle enters the wireless charging lane.
Specifically, the method for detecting the vehicle entering the wireless charging lane by the controller comprises the following steps: when communication connection is established between the controller of the charging transmitting terminal and the controller of the charging receiving terminal, the vehicle is determined to enter a wireless charging lane; or the controller of the charging transmitting terminal detects that the vehicle enters the wireless charging lane through a sensor deployed on the ground. The wireless charging primary coil is the wireless charging primary coil which is closest to the vehicle in front of the vehicle among the plurality of wireless charging primary coils deployed in the wireless charging lane. The controller of the charging transmitting terminal can acquire relative position information between the vehicle and the wireless charging primary coil through a sensor (such as a laser range finder or a radar range finder) arranged on the charging transmitting terminal or the charging receiving terminal, the relative position information comprises a lateral offset distance between the vehicle and a wireless charging lane and/or a longitudinal distance between the vehicle and the wireless charging primary coil, and the controller of the charging transmitting terminal can periodically acquire the relative position information between the vehicle and the wireless charging primary coil.
In a possible implementation manner, after the controller of the charging transmitting terminal detects that the vehicle enters the wireless charging lane, whether relevant information of the vehicle is matched or not is further judged, wherein the relevant information comprises one or more of vehicle model, battery signal, parameters of the wireless charging secondary coil, billing information, vehicle ID and charging authority.
In one possible embodiment, the target coil comprises a preset number of wireless charging primary coils located in front of the vehicle, for example: 5 wireless charging primary coils located in front of the vehicle.
For example, referring to fig. 6, 7, 8 and 14, in fig. 14, the wireless charging primary coil is simply referred to as a primary coil, and the coil configuration is simply referred to as a configuration. 6 primary coils are deployed in the wireless charging lane: primary coil 1 to primary coil 5, each primary coil having associated therewith configuration 1, configuration 2, and configuration 3, the operating state charging coils corresponding to configuration 1, configuration 2, and configuration 3 are shown in fig. 6 to 8, and primary coil 1 to primary coil 5 are disposed at equal intervals in the middle of the wireless charging lane. The method comprises the steps that a vehicle A enters a wireless charging lane, a vehicle b and a vehicle c do not enter the wireless charging lane, a primary coil in the S1201 is a wireless charging primary coil 1, a charging transmitting end obtains that the lateral offset distance between the vehicle A and the wireless charging lane is X, the width of the wireless charging lane is L, and the distance between the vehicle A and the primary coil 1 is LV2C_1The distance between the vehicle A and the primary coil 2 is LV2C_2。
And S1202, generating a control command according to the relative position information.
Specifically, a controller of the charging transmitting terminal generates a control instruction according to the relative position information, the control instruction is used for indicating the wireless charging primary coil to select a target coil configuration from multiple associated coil configurations, the controller sends the control instruction to the multiple switching devices to control the opening and closing of the multiple switching devices to enable the corresponding branch coils to be connected into the main coil to form corresponding working state charging coils, the target coil is configured in a coil configuration with the highest alignment degree with the wireless charging secondary coil of the vehicle, the coupling coefficient between the working state charging coils under the target coil configuration and the wireless charging secondary coil of the vehicle is the largest, and the charging state charging coils under the target coil configuration are connected with the wireless charging secondary coil of the vehicle in a maximum modeThe electrical efficiency is highest. Referring to fig. 13, which is a schematic diagram illustrating a relationship between the distances between the respective coils of the wireless charging primary coil disposed in the middle of the wireless lane, as shown in fig. 13, the coil L3 of the wireless charging primary coil is located at a distance d from the left edge line of the wireless lane0The distance between the coil L4 of the primary wireless charging coil and the right edge line of the wireless charging lane is also d0Each wireless charging primary coil arranged on the wireless charging lane is associated with n coil configurations, wherein the n coil configurations are configuration 1, configuration 2, … and configuration n, and n is an integer greater than 1. The charging transmitting terminal may select a target coil configuration from a plurality of coil configurations associated with the wireless charging primary coil according to the following formula:
in that
Figure BDA0001924458020000081
Configuration 1 is selected.
In that
Figure BDA0001924458020000091
Configuration 2 is selected.
In that
Figure BDA0001924458020000092
Configuration 3 is selected.
By analogy, in
Figure BDA0001924458020000093
Configuration n is selected.
Wherein, X is relative position information, s is the length of the charging coil in working state, and the lengths of the charging coils in working state under each coil configuration are equal. L is the width of the wireless charging lane.
For example, in the example of S1201, the charging transmitting terminal acquires the relative position information X, and determines the coil configuration of the wireless charging primary coil 1 and the coil configurations of the wireless charging primary coils (the wireless charging primary coil 2 to the wireless charging primary coil 4) behind the wireless charging primary coil 1 according to the following rules:
when X is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to XL/2-d1At time/2, the wireless charging primary coil 1 to the wireless charging primary coil 4 select the configuration 1.
When L/2-d1/2≤X≤L/2+d2When/2, the wireless charging primary coil 1 to the wireless charging primary coil 5 select the configuration 2.
When L/2+ d2When X is more than 2 and less than or equal to L, the wireless charging primary coils 1-5 are selectively configured with 3.
Wherein L is the width of the wireless charging lane, d1And d2See the labeled spacing between the leg loops of fig. 6.
And S1203, charging the vehicle by using a charging coil according to the working state corresponding to the target coil configuration.
Specifically, the charging and transmitting device determines the coil configuration of the wireless charging primary coil according to the relative position information, controls the opening or closing of a plurality of switching devices of the wireless charging primary coil according to the configuration to form a corresponding working state charging coil, and charges the vehicle by using the working state charging coil.
It should be noted that the controller at the charging transmitting end may periodically acquire the relative position information between the vehicle and the wireless charging primary coil, and S1201 to S1203 need to be executed again in each period.
In one possible embodiment, the method further comprises: and acquiring the moving speed of the vehicle, and controlling the opening time and the closing time of the wireless charging primary coil according to the relative position information and the moving speed.
For example, referring to fig. 14, the charging transmitter controls the turn-on time of the primary coil 1 to be t2shut＝t0+LV2C_2/Vcar+tdelOff-time of primary coil 1 is t1shut＝t0+LV2C_1/Vcar+tdel. Wherein L isV2C_1For the distance, V, between the primary coil 1 and a wireless charging secondary coil of a vehicle of the vehicle AcarSpeed of vehicle A, tpreTo advance the time of opening the primary coil 1, tdelTo delay the time to turn off the primary coil 1.
Similarly, the on-time and the off-time of the primary coil 2 are controlled as follows:
t2start＝t0+LV2C_2/Vcar-tpre；
t2shut＝t0+LV2C_2/Vcar+tdel；
LV2C_2the distance between the primary coil and the wireless charging secondary coil of vehicle a.
By implementing the embodiment of the invention, the coil configuration of the wireless charging primary coil is switched through the switching device, so that the effective range of the vehicle running while charging on the wireless charging lane can be increased, the operation requirement on a driver is reduced, and the dynamic wireless charging efficiency is improved.
The embodiment of the application also provides a computer storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is used for executing the wireless charging method provided by the embodiment.
Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product containing instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the wireless charging method provided by the foregoing embodiments.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

Claims (16)

1. A wireless charging primary coil, comprising: the device comprises a main coil, a plurality of branch coils and a plurality of switching devices;
the multiple branch coils are connected between two opposite coil groups in the main coil, any branch coil is connected to the main coil through at least one switching device in the multiple switching devices, the multiple branch coils are parallel to each other, and the wireless charging primary coil is connected with different branch coils in the multiple branch coils to be associated with multiple coil configurations;
the switching device is used for receiving a control instruction and selecting a branch line coil connected to the main coil from the plurality of branch line coils according to the control instruction to form a working state charging coil; the working state charging coils are in one of the multiple coil configurations, and the lengths of the working state charging coils corresponding to the multiple coil configurations are equal or close to each other.
2. The wireless charging primary coil of claim 1, further comprising: a controller;
the controller is used for determining the control instruction according to the position parameter of the vehicle and sending the control instruction to the plurality of switching devices.
3. The wireless charging primary coil of claim 1, wherein a distance between two adjacent branch coils of the plurality of branch coils is equal to a distance between at least one of the two branch coils and one side of the main coil.
4. The primary coil for wireless charging according to claim 1 or claim, wherein the number of said branch coils is N, there are at least two pairs of N/2 adjacent branch coils, the distance between any two adjacent branch coils of said N/2 branch coils is equal, and N is an even number greater than or equal to 6.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the primary coil is a rectangular coil or an approximately rectangular coil.
6. A method of wireless charging, the method comprising:
after a vehicle enters a wireless charging lane, acquiring relative position information of a wireless charging primary coil of the vehicle and the ground; the wireless charging primary coil is deployed in the wireless charging lane, the wireless charging primary coil comprises a main coil and a plurality of branch coils, the wireless charging primary coil comprises the main coil and the branch coils, and the wireless charging primary coil is connected with different branch coils in the branch coils and is associated with a plurality of coil configurations;
generating a control instruction according to the relative position information; the control instructions instruct the wireless charging primary coil to select a target coil configuration from the plurality of coil configurations;
and charging the vehicle by using a charging coil in a working state corresponding to the configuration of the target coil.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
acquiring the moving speed of the vehicle;
and controlling the opening time and the closing time of the wireless charging primary coil according to the relative position information and the moving speed.
8. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein the lengths of the charging coils for the respective operating states of the plurality of coil configurations are equal or similar.
9. The method of claim 6 or 7, further comprising:
and acquiring the battery model and the wireless charging secondary coil parameters of the vehicle, and determining the charging parameters of the target wireless charging primary coil according to the battery model and the wireless charging secondary coil parameters.
10. The method of claims 5-9, wherein the target coil is configured as a coil configuration with highest charging efficiency between the wireless charging primary coil and a wireless charging secondary coil of the vehicle.
11. A wireless charging method, comprising:
when a vehicle enters a wireless charging area, sequentially selecting one coil configuration from a plurality of coil configurations associated with different branch coils in a plurality of branch coils connected with a wireless charging primary coil, and loading a detection voltage onto a working state charging coil indicated by the coil configuration in the wireless charging primary coil; the wireless charging primary coil comprises a main coil, a plurality of branch coils and a plurality of switching devices, wherein the plurality of branch coils are connected between two opposite coil groups in the main coil, any branch coil is connected with the main coil through at least one switching device in the plurality of switching devices, and the plurality of branch coils are parallel to each other; the coil is configured to represent an operating state charging coil formed by at least one branch coil connected into the main coil;
measuring a coupling coefficient between the wireless charging primary coil and a wireless charging secondary coil of the vehicle for each coil configuration;
and charging the vehicle according to the configuration of the coil with the largest coupling system.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein prior to sequentially selecting one of the plurality of coil configurations associated with different ones of the plurality of branch coils from the wireless charging primary coil when the vehicle enters the wireless charging area, further comprising:
loading the detected voltage onto an operating state charging coil of the wireless charging primary coil indicated by a default coil configuration;
measuring that a coupling coefficient between the wireless charging primary coil and a wireless charging secondary coil of the vehicle in the default coil configuration is less than a threshold.
13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:
and under the condition that the coupling coefficient between the wireless charging primary coil and the wireless charging secondary coil of the vehicle under the default coil configuration is not smaller than the threshold value, charging the vehicle according to the default coil configuration.
14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the detection voltage is smaller than a charging voltage for charging the vehicle.
15. A charging transmitting terminal comprising a controller and a wireless charging primary coil, the wireless charging primary coil being deployed in a wireless charging lane, the wireless charging primary coil comprising a main coil and a plurality of branch coils, the wireless charging primary coil connecting different branch coils of the plurality of branch coils in association with a plurality of coil configurations;
the controller for performing the method of any one of claims 6 to 10.
16. A charging transmitting terminal is characterized by comprising a controller and a wireless charging primary coil, wherein the wireless charging primary coil comprises a main coil, a plurality of branch coils and a plurality of switching devices, the branch coils are connected between two opposite coil groups in the main coil, any branch coil is connected with the main coil through at least one switching device in the switching devices, and the branch coils are parallel to each other; the coil is configured to represent an operating state charging coil formed by at least one branch coil connected into the main coil;
the controller for performing the method of any one of claims 11 to 14.
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