CN111371916B

CN111371916B - Data processing method and related equipment

Info

Publication number: CN111371916B
Application number: CN202010123362.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周吕; 刘鹏
Original assignee: Tencent Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tencent Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-26
Filing date: 2020-02-26
Publication date: 2021-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 2040-02-26
Also published as: CN111371916A

Abstract

The application provides a data processing method and related equipment, which can select an IP more suitable for the current network environment when the network state changes during downloading so as to reduce the downloading time. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring first delay data; acquiring bandwidth data and second delay data corresponding to the current network state; sending the first delay data, the bandwidth data and the second delay data to a server, so that the server determines a target IP list according to the bandwidth data and attribute data of terminal equipment, determines a first score of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data, and returns the first score of each IP in the target IP list; determining a target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list; and replacing the current IP with a target IP, and acquiring a corresponding data packet according to the target IP.

Description

Data processing method and related equipment

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a data processing method and related device.

Background

Most of the fields of game video downloading and other downloading are Content Delivery Network (CDN), wherein a request initiated by using a CDN Domain Name is made by resolving an Internet Protocol (IP) through a Local Domain Name server (Local dns); in addition, a HyperText Transfer Protocol DNS (http DNS) is also used as a means for dynamically adjusting the IP.

However, the current DNS technology or other dynamic update IP technology cannot meet the network environment of the client that changes at any time, resulting in long time for downloading.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a data processing method and related equipment, which can select an IP more suitable for the current network environment when the network state changes during downloading so as to reduce the downloading time.

A first aspect of the present application provides a data processing method, including:

acquiring first delay data, wherein the first delay data are obtained by a terminal device executing a telemetry process on a first Internet Protocol (IP) list, and the first IP list is an IP list which is issued by a server and corresponds to the terminal device;

acquiring bandwidth data and second delay data corresponding to the current network state, wherein the second delay data is network connection delay of an interface corresponding to the first IP list;

sending the first delay data, the bandwidth data and the second delay data to the server, so that the server determines a target IP list according to the bandwidth data and attribute data of the terminal device, determines a first score of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data, and returns the first score of each IP in the target IP list, wherein the target IP list is contained in the first IP list;

determining a target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list;

and replacing the current IP with the target IP, and acquiring a corresponding data packet according to the target IP.

Optionally, the determining a target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list includes:

removing unavailable IP in the target IP list to obtain a second IP list;

determining a second score of each IP in the second IP list according to the first score of each IP in the second IP list and the second delay data;

and determining the IP with the second score larger than a preset threshold value in the second IP list as the target IP.

Optionally, the determining a second score for each IP in the second IP list according to the first score for each IP in the second IP list and the second delay data comprises:

determining a first weight of the first score and a second weight of the second delay data for each IP in the second IP list;

determining a second score for each IP in the second IP list based on the first weight, the second weight, the first score for each IP in the first IP list, and the second delay data.

A second aspect of the present application provides a data processing method, including:

acquiring first delay data, bandwidth data and first delay data, wherein the first delay data are delay data obtained by a terminal device executing a telemetry process on a first Internet Protocol (IP) list, the first IP list is an IP list which is issued by a server and corresponds to the terminal device, the second delay data are network connection delay data of an interface which is acquired by the terminal device and corresponds to the first IP list, and the bandwidth data are bandwidth data which are acquired by the terminal device and correspond to a current network state;

determining a target IP list according to the bandwidth data and the attribute data of the terminal equipment, wherein the target IP list is contained in the first IP list;

determining a first score of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data;

the server sends the first score of each IP in the target IP list to the terminal equipment, so that the terminal equipment determines a target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list, replaces the current IP with the target IP and obtains a corresponding data packet according to the target IP.

Optionally, determining the first score of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data includes:

determining the load corresponding to each IP in the target IP list and the hardware score corresponding to each IP in the target IP list;

determining the target delay of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data;

and carrying out weighted calculation on the load corresponding to each IP in the target IP list, the hardware score corresponding to each IP in the target IP list and the target delay of each IP in the target IP list to obtain a first score of each IP in the target IP list.

Optionally, the determining the target delay of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data includes:

averaging delay data of an interface corresponding to the first IP list, time consumed by telemetry network connection of the interface corresponding to the first IP list, delay data of a telemetry interface corresponding to the first IP list, and network connection delay data of the interface corresponding to the first IP list to obtain a target delay of each IP in the first IP list, wherein the delay data of the interface corresponding to the first IP list, the delay data of the telemetry interface corresponding to the first IP list, and the second delay data of the interface corresponding to the first IP list are included in the first delay data, and the network connection delay data of the interface corresponding to the first IP list is included in the second delay data.

A third aspect of the present application provides a terminal device, including:

the system comprises a first acquisition unit, a first processing unit and a second acquisition unit, wherein the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring first delay data, the first delay data is obtained by a terminal device executing a telemetering process on a first Internet Protocol (IP) list, and the first IP list is an IP list which is issued by a server and corresponds to the terminal device;

a second obtaining unit, configured to obtain bandwidth data and second delay data corresponding to a current network state, where the second delay data is network connection delay data of an interface corresponding to the first IP list;

a sending unit, configured to send the first delay data, the bandwidth data, and the second delay data to the server, so that the server determines a target IP list according to the bandwidth data and attribute data of the terminal device, determines a first score of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data, and returns the first score of each IP in the target IP list, where the target IP list is included in the first IP list;

the determining unit is used for determining a target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list;

and the processing unit is used for replacing the current IP with the target IP and acquiring a corresponding data packet according to the target IP.

Optionally, the determining unit is specifically configured to:

removing unavailable IP in the target IP list to obtain a second IP list;

Optionally, the determining, by the determining unit, the second score of each IP in the second IP list according to the first score of each IP in the second IP list and the second delay data includes:

A fourth aspect of the present application provides a server, comprising:

an obtaining unit, configured to obtain first delay data, bandwidth data, and first delay data, where the first delay data is delay data obtained by a terminal device executing a telemetry process on a first internet protocol IP list, the first IP list is an IP list corresponding to the terminal device and issued by a server, the second delay data is network connection delay data of an interface corresponding to the first IP list and obtained by the terminal device, and the bandwidth data is bandwidth data corresponding to a current network state and obtained by the terminal device;

a first determining unit, configured to determine a target IP list according to the bandwidth data and the attribute data of the terminal device, where the target IP list is included in the first IP list;

a second determining unit, configured to determine, according to the first delay data and the second delay data, a first score of each IP in the target IP list;

and the sending unit is used for sending the first score of each IP in the target IP list to the terminal equipment so that the terminal equipment determines a target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list, replaces the current IP with the target IP and obtains a corresponding data packet according to the target IP.

Optionally, the second determining unit is specifically configured to:

Optionally, the determining, by the second determining unit, the target delay of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data includes:

A fifth aspect of the present application provides a computer apparatus comprising at least one connected processor, memory and transceiver, wherein the memory is used for storing program code, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the steps of the data processing method according to the above aspects.

A sixth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the data processing method of the above-described aspects.

In summary, it can be seen that, in the embodiment provided by the application, the terminal device obtains the first delay data, the bandwidth data, and the second delay data, and sends the first delay data, the bandwidth data, and the second delay data to the server, so that the server determines the target IP list according to the bandwidth data and the attribute data of the terminal device, determines a score in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data, and returns the score, the terminal device selects the target IP according to the score, replaces the current IP with the target IP, and continues to complete downloading of the corresponding data packet. Therefore, the terminal equipment can monitor the network state of the terminal equipment, when the network state of the terminal equipment changes, the delay data are sent to the server to obtain the IP score, the optimal IP is selected according to the IP score to continue the current downloading request, and when the network state changes during downloading, the IP more suitable for the current network environment is selected to reduce the downloading time.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a network architecture diagram of a data processing method according to an embodiment of the present application

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart diagram of a data processing method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is another schematic flow chart of a data processing method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is another schematic flow chart of a data processing method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is another network architecture diagram of a data processing method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a virtual structure of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a virtual structure of a server according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic hardware structure diagram of a server according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments.

The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It will be appreciated that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments described herein may be practiced otherwise than as specifically illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprise," "include," and "have," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules is not necessarily limited to those steps or modules expressly listed, but may include other steps or modules not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus, the division of modules presented herein is merely a logical division that may be implemented in a practical application in a further manner, such that a plurality of modules may be combined or integrated into another system, or some feature vectors may be omitted, or not implemented, and such that couplings or direct couplings or communicative coupling between each other as shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, indirect couplings or communicative coupling between modules may be electrical or other similar, this application is not intended to be limiting. The modules or sub-modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, may or may not be physical modules, or may be distributed in a plurality of circuit modules, and some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a data processing method according to an embodiment of the present application, including: a terminal device 101, a network 102, and a server 103, the terminal device 101 communicating with the server 103 through the network 102. The method comprises the steps that in the process that a terminal device 101 obtains a data packet corresponding to a target object through a current Internet Protocol (IP), the terminal device 101 obtains first delay data, wherein the first delay data are obtained by the terminal device executing a telemetry process on a first IP list, and the first IP list is an IP list which is issued by a server and corresponds to the terminal device; the terminal device 101 acquires bandwidth data corresponding to a current network state and second delay data, where the second delay data is a network connection delay of an interface corresponding to the first IP list; the terminal device 101 sends the first delay data, the bandwidth data and the second delay data to the server 103, so that the server 103 determines a target IP list according to the bandwidth data and attribute data of the terminal device, determines a first score of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data, and returns the first score of each IP in the target IP list, where the target IP list is included in the first IP list; the terminal device 101 determines a target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list; and the terminal device 101 replaces the current IP with the target IP, and acquires a corresponding data packet according to the target IP. Therefore, the terminal equipment can monitor the network state of the terminal equipment, when the network state of the terminal equipment changes, the delay data and the bandwidth data are sent to the server to obtain the IP score, the optimal IP is selected according to the IP score to continue the current downloading request, and the downloading time length is shortened.

The data processing method in the embodiment of the present application is described below from the perspective of a terminal device, and the terminal device may be any terminal device including a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a POS (Point of Sales), a vehicle-mounted computer, and the like.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a data processing method according to an embodiment of the present application, including:

201. first delay data is acquired.

In this embodiment, when a terminal device obtains a data packet corresponding to a target object, the terminal device sends an obtaining request to a server, and the server issues a first IP list, where the first IP list is an IP list corresponding to the terminal device (for example, an IP list of an area where the terminal device is located, or an IP list determined by the server according to attribute data reported by the terminal device before the current time, where the attribute data includes data of a region location where the terminal device is located and data of each dimension, such as a device model of the terminal device, a network state of the terminal device, an interface frequently requested by the terminal device, an ingress bandwidth rate and an egress bandwidth rate corresponding to the terminal device, and the like, and the terminal device determines the current IP and obtains the corresponding data packet according to the current IP, and in this process, the terminal device determines whether a preset condition is reached (the preset condition is a change in the network state, and the changed duration is not in the Time To Live (TTL) value corresponding To the first IP list issued by the server, whether the network state changes is monitored by the terminal equipment, namely whether the current network state is switched or not is monitored, switching between the 4th Generation mobile communication technology (4G), the 3rd-Generation (3G), the 2-Generation Wireless telephone technology (2G), and the Wireless network (WIFI), when the preset condition is reached, the terminal equipment executes a telemetering process to the first IP list to obtain first delay data, the first delay data includes interface delay data corresponding to each IP in the first IP list and network delay data corresponding to each IP in the first IP list.

That is to say, when monitoring that the network changes, the terminal device may acquire a limited duration of the network change, for example, a switching duration from WIFI to 4G, and determine whether the switching duration is within a TTL duration (the TTL duration is a limited duration issued by the server each time the server issues an IP list, that is, an effective duration of an IP in the IP list), if yes, it is determined that a preset condition is reached, and the terminal device executes a telemetry process on the first IP list, and if not, it is determined that the preset condition is not reached.

It should be noted that, when the terminal device requests to acquire the data packet for the first time, the server may generate a unique serial number for the terminal device according to the serial number generator, the terminal device may carry the unique serial number when reporting data, and the server may store the unique serial number in association with the unique sequence table when receiving the data reported by the terminal device.

202. And acquiring bandwidth data and second delay data corresponding to the current network state.

In this embodiment, the terminal device may obtain bandwidth data corresponding to a current network state and second delay data, where the terminal device starts a bandwidth detection module, and detects an ingress bandwidth rate and an egress bandwidth rate of a bandwidth according to the current network state of the terminal device (to prevent bandwidth values from being too small, but requests to obtain an IP with an excessively large download rate, which causes bandwidth waste, etc.), and the second delay data is network connection delay data of an interface corresponding to the first IP list (for example, delay data such as Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection time consumption, first packet return delay, and first packet sending delay, etc.), that is, the second delay data is delay data that takes 5 to 15 times (of course, may also be other data, such as 20 times of data, not specifically limited) including, but not limited to, time-consuming data requested for each period of the data TCP three-way handshake.

It should be noted that the first delay data may be obtained in step 201, and the bandwidth data and the second delay data corresponding to the current network state may be obtained in step 202, however, there is no sequential limitation between these two steps, and step 201 may be executed first, or step 202 may be executed first, or executed at the same time, which is not limited specifically.

It should be noted that the second delay data terminal device may periodically obtain and report the second delay data, for example, report the second delay data every 30S, and the first delay data may be reported when a preset condition is reached, that is, when the network of the terminal device is switched and the switching duration is longer than the TTL duration. Or the first delay data may also be reported periodically, for example, the telemetry process is executed every 5 minutes, and the first delay data is reported, which is not limited specifically.

203. And sending the first delay data, the bandwidth data and the second delay data to a server, so that the server determines a target IP list according to the bandwidth data and the attribute data of the terminal equipment, determines a first score of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data, and returns the first score of each IP in the first IP list.

In this embodiment, after obtaining the first delay data, the bandwidth data, and the second delay data, the terminal device may send the first delay data, the bandwidth data, and the second delay data to the server, so that the server determines a target IP list according to the bandwidth data and the attribute data periodically reported by the terminal device, determines a score of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data, and returns a first score of each IP in the first IP list, where the target IP list is included in the first IP list.

It should be noted that, when the terminal device sends the first delay data and the second delay data, the first delay data and the second delay data may carry a unique serial number of the terminal device sent by the server.

204. And determining the target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list.

In this embodiment, after receiving the first score of each IP in the target IP list sent by the server, the terminal device may optimally determine and select the target IP by combining local data (the local data includes whether the current IP is available).

In one embodiment, the determining, by the terminal device, the target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list includes:

removing unavailable IP in the target IP list to obtain a second IP list;

and determining the IP with the second score larger than the preset threshold value in the second IP list as the target IP.

In this embodiment, after obtaining the first score of each IP in the target IP list, the terminal device may remove the unusable IP in the target IP list to obtain a second IP list, where the second IP list is included in the target IP list because the network connection delay data of the interface corresponding to the first IP list before the current time is known, that is, the network connection delay data of each IP in the second IP list is known, at this time, the second score of each IP in the second IP list may be determined according to the first score and the second delay data of each IP in the second IP list, and then the IP with the second score greater than the preset threshold in the second IP list may be determined as the target IP, and of course, the IP with the largest score may also be determined as the target IP.

It should be noted that, when determining the second score of each IP in the second IP list, a first weight of the first score of each IP in the second IP list and a second weight of the second delay data may be respectively determined, and then the second score of each IP in the second IP list is determined according to the first weight, the second weight, the first score of each IP in the second IP list and the weight of the network connection delay of the interface corresponding to the second IP list.

It should be further noted that the attribute data of the terminal device may be periodically reported to the server, or may be sent when the terminal device sends the first delay data, the bandwidth data, or the second delay data, which is not limited specifically.

205. And replacing the current IP with a target IP, and acquiring a corresponding data packet according to the target IP.

In this embodiment, after the terminal device obtains the target IP, the current IP may be replaced with the target IP, that is, the domain name of the interface of the target IP is used to replace the domain name of the original interface to make a download request.

It should be noted that, when the terminal device replaces the current IP with the target IP and obtains the corresponding data packet according to the target IP, the terminal device may also store the network connection delay data of the interface corresponding to the target IP for subsequent use.

In summary, it can be seen that, in the embodiment provided by the application, the terminal device obtains the first delay data, the bandwidth data, and the second delay data, and sends the first delay data and the second delay data to the server, so that the server determines the target IP list according to the bandwidth data and the attribute data of the terminal device, determines a score in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data, and returns the score, and the terminal device selects the target IP according to the score, replaces the current IP with the target IP, and continues to complete downloading of the corresponding data packet. Therefore, the terminal equipment can monitor the network state of the terminal equipment, when the network state of the terminal equipment changes, the delay data are sent to the server to obtain the IP score, the optimal IP is selected according to the IP score to continue the current downloading request, and when the network state changes during downloading, the IP more suitable for the current network environment is selected to reduce the downloading time.

Referring to fig. 3, a data processing method according to the present application is described below with reference to fig. 3 from the perspective of a server, where fig. 3 is another schematic flow diagram of the data processing method according to the embodiment of the present application, and includes:

301. and acquiring first delay data, bandwidth data and second delay data.

In this embodiment, the server may obtain first delay data and second delay data, where the first delay data is obtained by the terminal device executing a telemetry process on a first IP list when a preset condition is reached in a process in which the terminal device obtains a data packet of a target object through a current IP, the first IP list is an IP list corresponding to the terminal device and issued by the server, the second delay data is network connection delay data of an interface corresponding to the first IP list and obtained by the terminal device, and the bandwidth data is bandwidth data corresponding to a current network state and obtained by the terminal device.

It should be noted that, the step of acquiring the first delay data and the second delay data by the terminal device has already been described in detail in fig. 2, and details thereof are not repeated here.

302. And determining a target IP list according to the bandwidth data and the attribute data of the terminal equipment.

In this embodiment, after receiving bandwidth data (the bandwidth data includes data related to bandwidth, such as a network state, an ingress bandwidth rate, an egress bandwidth rate, and the like) sent by a terminal device, a server determines a target IP list according to the bandwidth data and attribute data of the terminal device, where the attribute data of the terminal device carries a unique serial number of the terminal device, and the attribute data includes data such as a region location where the terminal device is located, a device model of the terminal device, and an interface that the terminal device frequently requests to access. The target IP list and the bandwidth data of the terminal device can be obtained, and the IP which does not conform to the bandwidth is prevented from being recommended for the terminal device.

303. And determining a first score of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data.

In this embodiment, after obtaining the first delay data and the second delay data, the server may determine the first score of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data. Specifically, the server completes server development through Golang, the function is to provide an interface for data reporting, an IP weight calculation module (calculating the weight of an IP), a region calculation module (determining the region position of a terminal device), authority verification (determining the authority of the terminal device), offline calculation (offline calculating the score of the IP in an IP list), a serial number generator (generating a unique serial number of the terminal device), a configuration center (reporting attribute data to a server every 15s when the terminal device periodically reports the attribute data, wherein time period reporting can be dynamically issued according to the configuration center, and when the terminal device reports untimely or the terminal device reports too fast, reporting time dynamically issued can be changed according to the device model, the network state, the current offline or online state and the like of the terminal device through the configuration center) and a machine learning module. After acquiring the first delay data and the second delay data reported by the terminal device, the server performs weighted calculation on the first delay data and the second delay data to obtain a first score of each IP in the target IP list, and sorts the IPs in the target IP list according to the first score (which may be in an ascending order or a descending order, and is not limited specifically).

In one embodiment, the server determining the first score of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data includes:

and performing weighted calculation according to the load corresponding to each IP in the target IP list, the hardware score corresponding to each IP in the target IP list and the target delay of each IP in the target IP list to obtain a first score of each IP in the target IP list.

In this embodiment, the server may first determine a load corresponding to each IP in the target IP list and a hardware score corresponding to each IP in the target IP list, then determine a target delay of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data, and perform weighted calculation on the load corresponding to each IP in the target IP list, the hardware score corresponding to each IP in the target IP list, and the target delay of each IP in the target IP list, so as to obtain a first score of each IP in the target IP list. That is, the server may calculate the first score of each IP in the target IP list through multiple dimensions, where the multiple dimensions include a load of a backend machine or a cluster corresponding to each IP in the target IP list, a target delay (obtained by calculating delay data sent by the terminal device) of each IP in the target IP list, and a hardware score of each IP in the target IP list, and calculate the score of each IP in one first IP through weighting calculation performed through the dimensions, for example, for a certain IP in the target IP list, the score of the IP may be calculated through the following formula:

the load of the IP is 0.5+ the delay of the IP is 0.2+ the hardware of the IP is 0.5, which is the final score value of the IP (here, 0.5, 0.2 and 0.5 are weights corresponding to the load, delay and hardware, respectively, although other values are possible, and are not limited specifically).

It should be noted that, the server averages delay data of an interface corresponding to the first IP list, telemetry network connection time consumption of an interface corresponding to the first IP list, delay data of a telemetry interface corresponding to the first IP list, and network connection delay data of an interface corresponding to the first IP list before the current time to obtain a target delay of each IP in the first IP list, where the delay data of an interface corresponding to the first IP list, the delay data of a telemetry interface corresponding to the first IP list, and the second delay data of an interface corresponding to the first IP list are included in the first delay data, and the network connection time consumption of an interface corresponding to the first IP list is included in the second delay data. The delay data of the telemetering interface is the delay data of the interface corresponding to the IP list of the terminal equipment when the telemetering interface is in remote measurement.

It should be noted that the attribute data of the terminal device may be periodically reported to the server, or may be sent when the terminal device sends the first delay data, the bandwidth data, or the second delay data, which is not limited specifically.

304. And sending the first score of each IP in the target IP list to the terminal equipment, so that the terminal equipment determines the target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list, replaces the current IP with the target IP, and acquires a corresponding data packet according to the target IP.

In this embodiment, after obtaining the first score of each IP in the target IP list, the server may send the first score of each IP in the target IP list to the terminal device, so that the terminal device determines the target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list, replaces the current IP with the target IP, and obtains the corresponding data packet according to the target IP.

It should be noted that, in fig. 2, detailed description has been given to the terminal device determining the target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list, replacing the current IP with the target IP, and obtaining the corresponding data packet according to the target IP, and details are not described here again.

In summary, it can be seen that, in the embodiment provided by the application, the server may obtain first delay data, bandwidth data, and second delay data when the terminal device reaches a preset condition in the process of obtaining a data packet corresponding to a target object, then determine a target IP list according to the bandwidth data and attribute data of the terminal device, determine a score in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data, and return the score, and the terminal device selects a target IP according to the score, replaces the current IP with the target IP, and continues to complete downloading of the corresponding data packet. Therefore, when the network state of the terminal equipment changes, the server can acquire the delay data sent by the terminal equipment, calculate the IP score according to the delay data and return the IP score to the terminal equipment, the terminal equipment selects the optimal IP according to the IP score to continue the current downloading request, and when the network state changes during downloading, the terminal equipment can select the IP more suitable for the current network environment so as to reduce the downloading time.

Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is another schematic flow chart of the data processing method provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the method includes:

401. the terminal equipment acquires first delay data.

402. And the terminal equipment acquires bandwidth data and second delay data corresponding to the current network state.

403. And the terminal equipment sends the first delay data, the bandwidth data and the second delay data to the server.

It should be noted that, steps 401 to 403 in fig. 4 are similar to steps 201 to 203 in fig. 2, and detailed description has already been made in fig. 2, and details are not repeated here.

404. And the server determines a target IP list according to the bandwidth data and the attribute data of the terminal equipment.

405. And the server determines a first score of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data.

406. And the server sends the first score of each IP in the target IP list to the terminal equipment.

It should be noted that step 404 and step 406 in fig. 4 are similar to

steps

302 and 304 in fig. 3, and the detailed description has already been made in fig. 3, and detailed description thereof is omitted here.

407. And the terminal equipment determines the target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list.

408. And the terminal equipment replaces the current IP with the target IP and acquires a corresponding data packet according to the target IP.

It should be noted that, steps 407 to 408 in fig. 4 are similar to steps 204 to 205 in fig. 2, and detailed description has already been made in fig. 2, and detailed description is omitted here.

It should be noted that, during the data communication between the terminal device and the server, the terminal device and the server perform transmission via the TCP or protobuf protocol.

To sum up, in the embodiment provided by the present application, the terminal device obtains the first delay data, the bandwidth data, and the second delay data, and sends the first delay data, the bandwidth data, and the second delay data to the server, the server determines the target IP list according to the bandwidth data and the attribute data of the terminal device, and determines the score in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data, and returns the score, the terminal device selects the target IP according to the score, and replaces the current IP with the target IP, and continues to complete the downloading of the corresponding data packet. Therefore, the terminal equipment can monitor the network state of the terminal equipment, when the network state of the terminal equipment changes, the delay data are sent to the server to obtain the IP score, the optimal IP is selected according to the IP score to continue the current downloading request, and when the network state changes during downloading, the IP more suitable for the current network environment is selected to reduce the downloading time.

Referring to fig. 5, please refer to fig. 5, where fig. 5 is another network architecture diagram of the data processing method according to the embodiment of the present application, and the method includes:

a client Software Development Kit (SDK) SDK500 corresponding to a terminal device, where the client SDK500 includes an interface HOOK module 501, a data reporting module 502, a state machine module 503, a telemetry module 504, a bandwidth detection module 505, and a LocalDNS module 506.

The data reporting module 502 is configured to report data corresponding to the terminal device, such as first delay data, second delay data, bandwidth data, and attribute data of the terminal device; the telemetry module 504 is configured to execute a telemetry process on an IP list issued by a server to obtain first delay data; the bandwidth detection module 505 is configured to detect current bandwidth data of the terminal device; the LocalDNS module 506 is a DNS of the system, and in an abnormal case (for example, when an asynchronous thread does not find an available IP), walks the LocalDNS; in the process of downloading the corresponding data packet, the state machine module 503 detects whether the state of the client changes (for example, whether TTL is expired, whether the network state is switched, and other states), if the state of the client changes, an asynchronous thread 507 is started, the first delay data, the second delay data, the bandwidth data, and the attribute data of the terminal device are reported to a background interface corresponding to a server through the data reporting module 502, the server includes an authentication module 508, a serial number generator 509, a configuration center 510, a data storage 511, and a cache 512, wherein the authentication module 508 is used to determine the authority of the terminal device, the serial number generator 509 is used to generate a unique serial number of the terminal device, the configuration center 510 is used to report the attribute data through the background interface every 15s, for example, when the terminal device periodically reports the attribute data, wherein the reporting period can be dynamically issued according to the configuration center 510, when the terminal device reports in time or the reporting frequency of the terminal device is too fast, the configuration center 510 dynamically does not change the issued reporting time according to the device model, the network state, the current off-line or on-line state and the like of the terminal device; the data storage 511 stores the delay data, the bandwidth data and the attribute data of the terminal device reported by the terminal device, and sends the data to the machine learning computing platform 513, and the machine learning computing platform 513 performs learning computation according to the data to obtain an IP list and a score of the IP list; the cache 512 is configured to cache the IP list and the IP scores calculated by the machine learning computing platform 513, and return the IP list and the IP scores to the client SDK, where the client SDK replaces the current IP with the highest score, and continues downloading the corresponding data packet.

The embodiments of the present application are described above from the perspective of a data processing method, and the data processing method of the present application is described below from the perspective of a terminal device and a server.

Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic view of a virtual structure of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application, including:

a first obtaining unit 601, configured to obtain first delay data, where the first delay data is obtained by the terminal device executing a telemetry process on a first internet protocol IP list, and the first IP list is an IP list corresponding to the terminal device and issued by a server;

a second obtaining unit 602, configured to obtain bandwidth data and second delay data corresponding to a current network state, where the second delay data is time consumed for network connection of an interface corresponding to the first IP list;

a sending unit 603, configured to send the first delay data, the bandwidth data, and the second delay data to the server, so that the server determines a target IP list according to the bandwidth data and attribute data of the terminal device, determines a first score of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data, and returns the first score of each IP in the target IP list, where the target IP list is included in the first IP list;

a determining unit 604, configured to determine a target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list;

and the processing unit 605 is configured to replace the current IP with the target IP, and obtain a corresponding data packet according to the target IP.

Optionally, the determining unit 604 is specifically configured to:

removing unavailable IP in the target IP list to obtain a second IP list;

Optionally, the determining unit 604 determines the second score of each IP in the second IP list according to the first score of each IP in the second IP list and the second delay data, and includes:

Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic view of a virtual structure of a server according to an embodiment of the present application, including:

an obtaining unit 701, configured to obtain first delay data, bandwidth data, and first delay data, where the first delay data is delay data obtained by a terminal device executing a telemetry process on a first internet protocol IP list, the first IP list is an IP list corresponding to the terminal device and issued by the server, the second delay data is network connection delay data of an interface corresponding to the first IP list and obtained by the terminal device, and the bandwidth data is bandwidth data corresponding to a current network state and obtained by the terminal device;

a first determining unit 702, configured to determine a target IP list according to the bandwidth data and the attribute data of the terminal device, where the target IP list is included in the first IP list;

a second determining unit 703, configured to determine, according to the first delay data and the second delay data, a first score of each IP in the target IP list;

a sending unit 704, configured to send the first score of each IP in the target IP list to the terminal device, so that the terminal device determines a target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list, replaces the current IP with the target IP, and obtains a corresponding data packet according to the target IP.

Optionally, the second determining unit 703 is specifically configured to:

Optionally, the determining, by the second determining unit 703, the target delay of each IP in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data includes:

In summary, it can be seen that, in the embodiment provided by the present application, the server may obtain the first delay data bandwidth data and the second delay data, then determine the target IP list according to the bandwidth data and the attribute data of the terminal device, determine the score in the target IP list according to the first delay data and the second delay data, and return the score, and the terminal device selects the target IP according to the score, replaces the current IP with the target IP, and continues to complete the downloading of the corresponding data packet. Therefore, when the network state of the terminal equipment changes, the server can acquire the bandwidth data and the delay data sent by the terminal equipment, calculate the IP score according to the delay data and return the IP score to the terminal equipment, the terminal equipment selects the optimal IP according to the IP score to continue the current downloading request, and when the network state changes during downloading, the IP more suitable for the current network environment can be selected to reduce the downloading time.

As shown in fig. 8, for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiments of the present application are shown, and details of the specific technology are not disclosed, please refer to the method part of the embodiments of the present application. The terminal device may be any terminal device including a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a POS (Point of Sales), a vehicle-mounted computer, and the like, taking the data processing method apparatus as the mobile phone as an example:

fig. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a partial structure of a mobile phone related to a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 8, the handset includes: radio Frequency (RF) circuitry 810, memory 820, input unit 830, display unit 840, sensor 850, audio circuitry 860, wireless fidelity (WiFi) module 870, processor 880, and power supply 890. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the handset configuration shown in fig. 8 is not intended to be limiting and may include more or fewer components than those shown, or some components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components.

The following describes each component of the mobile phone in detail with reference to fig. 8:

the RF circuit 810 may be used for receiving and transmitting signals during information transmission and reception or during a call, and in particular, for processing downlink information of a base station after receiving the downlink information to the processor 880; in addition, the data for designing uplink is transmitted to the base station. In general, RF circuit 810 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, at least one Amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), a duplexer, and the like. In addition, the RF circuit 810 may also communicate with networks and other devices via wireless communication. The wireless communication may use any communication standard or protocol, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), email, Short Messaging Service (SMS), and the like.

The memory 820 may be used to store software programs and modules, and the processor 880 executes various functional applications and data processing of the cellular phone by operating the software programs and modules stored in the memory 820. The memory 820 may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as audio data, a phonebook, etc.) created according to the use of the cellular phone, and the like. Further, the memory 820 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.

The input unit 830 may be used to receive input numeric or character information and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the cellular phone. Specifically, the input unit 830 may include a touch panel 831 and other input devices 832. The touch panel 831, also referred to as a touch screen, can collect touch operations performed by a user on or near the touch panel 831 (e.g., operations performed by the user on the touch panel 831 or near the touch panel 831 using any suitable object or accessory such as a finger, a stylus, etc.) and drive the corresponding connection device according to a preset program. Alternatively, the touch panel 831 may include two portions, i.e., a touch detection device and a touch controller. The touch detection device detects the touch direction of a user, detects a signal brought by touch operation and transmits the signal to the touch controller; the touch controller receives touch information from the touch sensing device, converts it to touch point coordinates, and sends the touch point coordinates to the processor 880, and can receive and execute commands from the processor 880. In addition, the touch panel 831 may be implemented by various types such as a resistive type, a capacitive type, an infrared ray, and a surface acoustic wave. The input unit 830 may include other input devices 832 in addition to the touch panel 831. In particular, other input devices 832 may include, but are not limited to, one or more of a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, a joystick, and the like.

The display unit 840 may be used to display information input by the user or information provided to the user and various menus of the cellular phone. The Display unit 840 may include a Display panel 841, and the Display panel 841 may be configured in the form of a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED), or the like, as an option. Further, touch panel 831 can overlay display panel 841, and when touch panel 831 detects a touch operation thereon or nearby, communicate to processor 880 to determine the type of touch event, and processor 880 can then provide a corresponding visual output on display panel 841 based on the type of touch event. Although in fig. 8, the touch panel 831 and the display panel 841 are two separate components to implement the input and output functions of the mobile phone, in some embodiments, the touch panel 831 and the display panel 841 may be integrated to implement the input and output functions of the mobile phone.

The handset may also include at least one sensor 850, such as light sensors, motion sensors, and other sensors. Specifically, the light sensor may include an ambient light sensor that adjusts the brightness of the display panel 841 according to the brightness of ambient light, and a proximity sensor that turns off the display panel 841 and/or the backlight when the mobile phone is moved to the ear. As one of the motion sensors, the accelerometer sensor can detect the magnitude of acceleration in each direction (generally, three axes), can detect the magnitude and direction of gravity when stationary, and can be used for applications of recognizing the posture of a mobile phone (such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, related games, magnetometer posture calibration), vibration recognition related functions (such as pedometer and tapping), and the like; as for other sensors such as a gyroscope, a barometer, a hygrometer, a thermometer, and an infrared sensor, which can be configured on the mobile phone, further description is omitted here.

Audio circuitry 860, speaker 861, microphone 862 may provide an audio interface between the user and the handset. The audio circuit 860 can transmit the electrical signal converted from the received audio data to the speaker 861, and the electrical signal is converted into a sound signal by the speaker 861 and output; on the other hand, the microphone 862 converts collected sound signals into electrical signals, which are received by the audio circuit 860 and converted into audio data, which are then processed by the audio data output processor 870 and then transmitted to, for example, another cellular phone via the RF circuit 810, or output to the memory 820 for further processing.

WiFi belongs to short-distance wireless transmission technology, and the mobile phone can help a user to send and receive e-mails, browse webpages, access streaming media and the like through the WiFi module 870, and provides wireless broadband Internet access for the user. Although fig. 8 shows WiFi module 870, it is understood that it does not belong to the essential constitution of the handset, and may be omitted entirely as needed within the scope not changing the essence of the invention.

The processor 880 is a control center of the mobile phone, connects various parts of the entire mobile phone using various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions of the mobile phone and processes data by operating or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 820 and calling data stored in the memory 820, thereby integrally monitoring the mobile phone. Optionally, processor 880 may include one or more processing units; preferably, the processor 880 may integrate an application processor, which mainly handles operating systems, user interfaces, applications, etc., and a modem processor, which mainly handles wireless communications. It will be appreciated that the modem processor described above may not be integrated into processor 880.

The handset also includes a power supply 890 (e.g., a battery) for powering the various components, which may preferably be logically coupled to the processor 880 via a power management system to manage charging, discharging, and power consumption.

Although not shown, the mobile phone may further include a camera, a bluetooth module, etc., which are not described herein.

In the embodiment of the present application, the processor 880 included in the terminal is further configured to perform the operations performed by the terminal device.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a server 900 according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the server 900 may have a relatively large difference due to different configurations or performances, and may include one or more Central Processing Units (CPUs) 922 (e.g., one or more processors) and a memory 932, and one or more storage media 930 (e.g., one or more mass storage devices) for storing applications 942 or data 944. Memory 932 and storage media 930 can be, among other things, transient storage or persistent storage. The program stored on the storage medium 930 may include one or more modules (not shown), each of which may include a series of instruction operations for the server. Still further, a central processor 922 may be provided in communication with the storage medium 930 to execute a series of instruction operations in the storage medium 930 on the server 900.

The server 900 may also include one or more power supplies 926, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 950, one or more input-output interfaces 958, and/or one or more operating systems 941, such as Windows ServerTM, Mac OS XTM, UnixTM, LinuxTM, FreeBSDTM, etc.

The steps performed by the server in the above embodiments may be based on the server structure shown in fig. 9.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a program is stored, and the program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the data processing method.

The embodiment of the application further provides a processor, wherein the processor is used for running a program, and the program executes the steps of the data processing method when running.

The embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal device, where the device includes a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, and the program code is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the steps of the data processing method.

The present application also provides a computer program product adapted to perform the steps of the data processing method described above when executed on a data processing device.

In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.

It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the system, the apparatus and the module described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.

It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A data processing method, comprising:

acquiring bandwidth data and second delay data corresponding to the current network state, wherein the second delay data are network connection delay data of an interface corresponding to the first IP list;

determining a target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list, wherein the target IP comprises the following steps: removing unavailable IP in the target IP list to obtain a second IP list; determining a second score of each IP in the second IP list according to the first score of each IP in the second IP list and the second delay data; determining the IP with the second score larger than a preset threshold value in the second IP list as the target IP;

2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the second score for each IP in the second IP list based on the first score for each IP in the second IP list and the second delay data comprises:

3. A data processing method, comprising:

acquiring first delay data, bandwidth data and second delay data, wherein the first delay data are delay data obtained by a terminal device executing a telemetry process on a first Internet Protocol (IP) list, the first IP list is an IP list which is issued by a server and corresponds to the terminal device, the second delay data are network connection delay data of an interface which is acquired by the terminal device and corresponds to the first IP list, and the bandwidth data are bandwidth data which are acquired by the terminal device and correspond to a current network state;

sending the first score of each IP in the target IP list to the terminal equipment, so that the terminal equipment determines a target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list, replaces the current IP with the target IP, and acquires a corresponding data packet according to the target IP;

the determining a target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list comprises: removing unavailable IP in the target IP list to obtain a second IP list; determining a second score of each IP in the second IP list according to the first score of each IP in the second IP list and the second delay data; and determining the IP with the second score larger than a preset threshold value in the second IP list as the target IP.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein determining a first score for each IP in the list of target IPs based on the first delay data and the second delay data comprises:

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the determining the target delay for each IP in the list of target IPs based on the first delay data and the second delay data comprises:

averaging delay data of an interface corresponding to the first IP list, time consumed by telemetry network connection of the interface corresponding to the first IP list, delay data of a telemetry interface corresponding to the first IP list and network connection delay data of the interface corresponding to the first IP list to obtain target delay of each IP in the first IP list, wherein the delay data of the interface corresponding to the first IP list, the delay data of the telemetry interface corresponding to the first IP list and the time consumed by telemetry network connection of the interface corresponding to the first IP list are included in the first delay data, and the network connection delay data of the interface corresponding to the first IP list is included in the second delay data.

6. A terminal device, comprising:

a determining unit, configured to determine a target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list, where the determining unit includes: removing unavailable IP in the target IP list to obtain a second IP list; determining a second score of each IP in the second IP list according to the first score of each IP in the second IP list and the second delay data; determining the IP with the second score larger than a preset threshold value in the second IP list as the target IP;

7. A server, comprising:

an obtaining unit, configured to obtain first delay data, bandwidth data, and second delay data, where the first delay data is delay data obtained by a terminal device executing a telemetry process on a first internet protocol IP list, the first IP list is an IP list corresponding to the terminal device and issued by a server, the second delay data is network connection delay data of an interface corresponding to the first IP list, the interface being obtained by the terminal device, and the bandwidth data is bandwidth data corresponding to a current network state obtained by the terminal device;

the sending unit is used for sending the first score of each IP in the target IP list to the terminal equipment so that the terminal equipment determines a target IP according to the first score of each IP in the target IP list, replaces the current IP with the target IP and obtains a corresponding data packet according to the target IP;

8. A computer device, comprising:

at least one processor, a memory and a transceiver connected, wherein the memory is configured to store program code that is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the steps of the data processing method of any of the preceding claims 1 to 2 or 3 to 5.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it comprises instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to carry out the steps of the data processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 2 or 3 to 5.