CN111370911B

CN111370911B - A kind of interface unit

Info

Publication number: CN111370911B
Application number: CN202010201246.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢光荣; 亢黎明; 袁恺阳
Original assignee: SHANGHAI RADIALL ELECTRONICS CO LTD
Current assignee: SHANGHAI RADIALL ELECTRONICS CO LTD
Priority date: 2020-03-20
Filing date: 2020-03-20
Publication date: 2021-06-18
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-20
Also published as: CN111370911A

Abstract

The present invention provides a connector, comprising: a housing, an inner conductor, and an insulator; the insulator comprises an insulator body, a through hole and a positioning channel, the through hole is formed in the insulator body along the axial direction of the insulator, the positioning channel is formed in the insulator body along the first direction, the length of the positioning channel along the first direction is larger than the diameter of the through hole, and the width of the positioning channel along the second direction is smaller than the diameter of the through hole. With this configuration, when the inner conductor is mounted in the insulator, the width direction of the inner conductor coincides with the length direction of the positioning channel in the first direction, and the thickness direction of the inner conductor coincides with the width direction of the positioning channel in the second direction, and at this time, the inner conductor is mounted in the positioning channel to position the inner conductor by the insulator, thereby preventing the inner conductor from being greatly deflected.

Description

A kind of interface unit

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of signal transmission equipment, in particular to a connector.

Background

The rf connector is typically mounted on a cable or signal transmission device, and the separable elements, which provide electrical connection to the transmission line system, may be used for circuit board-to-circuit board, circuit board-to-rf module, or rf module-to-rf module interconnection. In these applications, the market trend is to have increasingly greater tolerances in the relative positions between the two connected elements, so that they can be manufactured more easily and at lower costs.

Existing connectors for connecting circuit boards are capable of allowing axial and radial offset between boards, such as self-plugging connectors SMB and MCX, which have plugs and sockets for interconnecting circuit boards, and which have inner and outer conductors with a staggered pin and socket connection. This connection allows for limited axial deflection. In order to solve the problem that the axial and radial offset which can be borne by the elastic jacks of the inner and outer conductors is very small, so that connectors arranged on the same circuit board cannot exceed three pairs, the second type of circuit board interconnection technology is to form a complete connection system by matching an intermediate connecting device called an adapter with a socket, wherein the adapter in the connection system usually adopts a revolving body structure and comprises an outer conductor, an inner conductor arranged in the outer conductor and an adapter insulator which is arranged in the outer conductor, sleeved at two ends of the inner conductor and plays a supporting role. Two ends of the adapter need to be connected with two sockets respectively, and the two sockets are used for being connected with two circuit boards or cavities of the radio frequency module which need signal transmission respectively. The main products on the market are the MMBX product family, in which the adapter of the connection system can rotate slightly relative to the socket fixed on the circuit board, so as to allow a radial offset, however, the adapter insulator of the adapter cannot effectively position the inner conductor according to the structure of the inner conductor, and usually, the inner conductor will shake in the insulator adapter, and the installation is unstable.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a connector, which solves the technical problem that the existing connector cannot effectively position an inner conductor and simultaneously solves the problem that an insulator in the connector carries out prepressing and guiding on the inner conductor.

To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a connector, including: a housing; an inner conductor disposed inside the housing; the insulator is positioned in the shell and sleeved outside the inner conductor, and comprises an insulator body, a through hole and a positioning channel, wherein the through hole is formed in the insulator body along the axial direction of the insulator; the positioning channel is arranged in the insulator body along a first direction, the length of the positioning channel along the first direction is greater than the diameter of the through hole, the width of the positioning channel along a second direction is smaller than the diameter of the through hole, the first direction and the second direction are both perpendicular to the axial direction of the insulator, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; wherein the through hole and the positioning channel are used for accommodating the inner conductor; the positioning channel is used for clamping a supporting surface on the inner conductor and positioning a side plane adjacent to the supporting surface.

Optionally, the length of the positioning channel along the first direction is matched with the width of the inner conductor; the width of the positioning channel along the second direction is matched with the thickness of the inner conductor.

Optionally, the insulator includes two baffles arranged oppositely, the baffles extend in the second direction and extend toward the center of the through hole, the length direction of the baffles is the same as that of the through hole, and the baffles and the positioning channels are arranged in a staggered manner.

Optionally, the positioning channel includes a rectangular hole, the rectangular hole penetrates through the insulator body along the axial direction of the insulator, and the length of the rectangular hole along the first direction is matched with the width of the inner conductor; the width of the rectangular hole along the second direction is matched with the thickness of the inner conductor; the through hole of the insulator is used for being matched with the inner conductor of other connectors connected with the connector.

Optionally, the positioning channel includes a pre-pressing groove, the pre-pressing groove forms a groove-shaped structure on an inner wall of the positioning channel, which is used for contacting the supporting surface of the inner conductor, and the pre-pressing groove is arranged near one end of the insulator, which is used for mounting the inner conductor; the length of the cross section of the pre-pressing groove is greater than that of the cross section of the contact position of the positioning channel and the inner conductor; the end, facing the inner conductor to be installed, of the pre-pressing groove is a mouth part, and the mouth part of the pre-pressing groove is provided with a chamfer; and/or the prepressing groove is in a trapezoidal structure with a large opening part and a small inner part along the axial direction of the insulator.

Optionally, the positioning channel includes a positioning groove, and the positioning groove is disposed on an inner wall of the positioning channel, which is used for contacting the supporting surface of the inner conductor; the width of the longitudinal section of the positioning groove is smaller than that of the longitudinal section of the positioning channel, and the positioning groove is positioned in the middle of the width section of the longitudinal section of the positioning channel.

Optionally, the side surface of the insulator has two oppositely arranged sections, and the distance between the two sections is smaller than the diameter of the insulator and larger than the width of the cross section of the positioning channel.

Optionally, the insulator includes a front insulator, a middle insulator and a rear insulator, all of which are of a solid-of-revolution structure; wherein the insulator is rearward toward an end for connection with another connector; the front insulator and the rear insulator are respectively positioned at both ends of the middle insulator; the front insulator, the middle insulator and the rear insulator are penetrated by the through hole and the positioning channel; the outer diameters of the intermediate insulator, the rear insulator, and the front insulator are sequentially increased.

Optionally, the through hole and/or the positioning channel is a stepped hole; the diameter of the through hole on the front insulator and/or the middle insulator is larger or smaller than that on the rear insulator; the width or length of the cross section of the positioning channel on the front insulator is smaller than that of the cross section on the middle insulator and/or the rear insulator.

Optionally, two non-standard through holes are further oppositely arranged in the axial direction of the front insulator, and are distributed on two sides of the through hole and overlapped with the through hole.

Optionally, the side surface of the rear insulator has two symmetrically arranged cross sections; the distance between the two sections is larger than the width of the cross section of the positioning channel; and/or the side surface of the front insulator is provided with two symmetrically arranged sections; the spacing between the two sections is less than the diameter of the front insulator.

Optionally, the front insulator includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder, the first cylinder is located near an end face of the insulator, an outer diameter of the first cylinder is smaller than an outer diameter of the second cylinder, and a slope transition section is formed between the outer diameters of the first cylinder and the second cylinder.

Optionally, the inner conductor is a strip-shaped sheet structure.

Optionally, the inner conductor is formed by a stamping process.

Optionally, the housing is manufactured by one of stamping, deep drawing and deep drawing processes, or is manufactured by directly using a pipe.

Optionally, the outer shell includes a protruding ring, and the protruding ring is manufactured by using a upsetting process.

Optionally, the cross section of the inner conductor is a first structure; the cross section of the inner hole of the shell is of a second structure; the cross-sectional profile of the housing is a third configuration.

In a connector provided by the present invention, the connector includes: a housing, an inner conductor, and a connector insulator; the inner conductor is arranged in the shell, the connector insulator is positioned in the shell and sleeved outside the inner conductor, the connector insulator comprises an insulator body, a through hole and a positioning channel, and the through hole is formed in the insulator body along the axial direction of the connector insulator and used for accommodating the inner conductor; the positioning channel is arranged in the insulator body along a first direction, the length of the positioning channel along the first direction is greater than the diameter of the through hole, the width of the positioning channel along a second direction is smaller than the diameter of the through hole, the first direction and the second direction are both perpendicular to the axial direction of the connector insulator, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; the positioning channel is used for clamping a supporting surface on the inner conductor and positioning a side plane adjacent to the supporting surface. With this configuration, when the inner conductor is mounted in the insulator, the width direction of the inner conductor coincides with the length direction of the positioning channel in the first direction, and the thickness direction of the inner conductor coincides with the width direction of the positioning channel in the second direction, and at this time, the inner conductor is mounted in the positioning channel to position the inner conductor by the insulator, thereby preventing the inner conductor from being greatly deflected.

Drawings

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the drawings are provided for a better understanding of the invention and do not constitute any limitation to the scope of the invention. Wherein:

fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an rf signal transmission connection system according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an adapter of another rf signal transmission connection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is an impedance matching diagram of a radio frequency signal transmission connection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an inner conductor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an inner surface of an inner conductor provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is another schematic cross-sectional view of an inner surface of an inner conductor provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of another inner conductor provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an insulator structure provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of another insulator structure provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of another insulator structure provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the insulator shown in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the insulator shown in FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view B-B of the insulator shown in FIG. 11;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view B-B of an alternative insulator structure provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 16 is an enlarged view of the ramp transition shown in fig. 12 in mating engagement with the outer conductor.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional configuration of an outer conductor in combination with an inner conductor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional configuration of an outer conductor in combination with an inner conductor as provided by embodiments of the present invention;

fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure of an outer conductor and an inner conductor when combined according to an embodiment of the invention.

In the drawings:

1-an adapter;

11-an outer conductor; 111-convex ring; 112-outer conductor mounting barbs;

12-an inner conductor; 121-impedance tuning zone; 122-a receiving cavity; 123-step boss; 124-bulges; 125-material expansion holes; 126-thickness boss;

13-an insulator; 131-a chute; 132-a baffle; 133-rectangular holes; 134-non-standard vias; 135-section; 136-a pre-pressing groove; 137-positioning groove;

1 a-an end face; 1 b-a spring plate; 1 c-a support surface; 11 c-front support surface; 12 c-rear support surface; 1 d-inner surface; 11 d-convex surface; 1 e-cavity bottom; 1 f-orifice; 1 g-front insulator; 11 g-ramp transition; 1 h-intermediate insulator; 1 i-rear insulator;

2-a socket; 2 a-a first socket; 2 b-a second socket;

21-male needle;

22-a ring groove;

23-a guide port; 231-a first conical bore section; 232-circular hole section; 233-second tapered bore section;

24-a socket insulator;

25-a housing;

a-a first standard impedance region; b-a first low impedance region; c-air section; d-a second low impedance region; e-a third low impedance region; f-a second high-resistance region; g-a second standard impedance region;

h1 — length of cross section of pre-stressed end of adaptor insulator mounting inner conductor; h2 — length of cross section of positioning channel of adapter insulator mounting inner conductor; d1-diameter of the free end of the adapter insulator mated with the male pin; d2-diameter of the positioning end of the adapter insulator fitted to the male pin; l1 — width of locating end of another adapter insulator rectangular hole; l2-width of the free end of another adapter insulator rectangular hole.

Detailed Description

To further clarify the objects, advantages and features of the present invention, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted that the drawings are in greatly simplified form and are not to scale, but are merely intended to facilitate and clarify the explanation of the embodiments of the present invention. Further, the structures illustrated in the drawings are often part of actual structures. In particular, the drawings may have different emphasis points and may sometimes be scaled differently.

As used in this specification, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. As used in this specification, the term "or" is generally employed in its sense including "and/or" unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.

In order to effectively position the inner conductor in the insulator of the connector and prevent the inner conductor from generating large deflection in the insulator, the connector provided by the invention comprises: a housing, an inner conductor, and an insulator; the inner conductor is arranged in the shell, the insulator is positioned in the shell and sleeved outside the inner conductor, the insulator comprises an insulator body, a through hole and a positioning channel, and the through hole is arranged in the insulator body along the axial direction of the insulator and used for accommodating the inner conductor; the positioning channel is arranged in the insulator body along a first direction, the length of the positioning channel along the first direction is greater than the diameter of the through hole, the width of the positioning channel along a second direction is smaller than the diameter of the through hole, the first direction and the second direction are both perpendicular to the axial direction of the insulator, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; the positioning channel is used for clamping a supporting surface on the inner conductor and positioning a side plane adjacent to the supporting surface.

The technical key point of the invention is the arrangement of a positioning channel of an insulator in the connector, wherein the positioning channel is used for clamping a supporting surface on the inner conductor and positioning a side plane adjacent to the supporting surface, so that the inner conductor of the connector can be accurately positioned in the insulator to prevent the inner conductor from deflecting, and meanwhile, the positioning channel also has the functions of prepressing and guiding the installation of the inner conductor.

In the prior art, an adapter is used as a connection system formed by matching an intermediate connection device with a socket, and the connector provided in this embodiment is specifically an adapter in a radio frequency signal transmission connection system. The present embodiment is used to explain a connector provided in the present embodiment by using an rf signal transmission connection system. The radio frequency signal transmission connection system completes signal transmission through the combined action of three connectors, the three connectors are specifically an adapter and two sockets, and the two sockets are conventional sockets in the technical field.

Referring to fig. 1 to 16, in which fig. 1 is a schematic view of an adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an rf signal transmission connection system according to an embodiment of the invention; fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an adapter of another rf signal transmission connection system according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4 is an impedance matching diagram of a radio frequency signal transmission connection system according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an inner conductor according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an inner surface of an inner conductor provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 is another schematic cross-sectional view of an inner surface of an inner conductor provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 8 is a schematic view of another inner conductor provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an insulator structure provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a schematic view of another insulator structure provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 11 is a schematic view of another insulator structure provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the insulator shown in FIG. 11; FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the insulator shown in FIG. 11; FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view B-B of the insulator shown in FIG. 11; FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view B-B of an alternative insulator structure provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 16 is an enlarged schematic view of the ramp transition shown in FIG. 12 in mating engagement with the outer conductor; FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional configuration of an outer conductor in combination with an inner conductor provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional configuration of an outer conductor in combination with an inner conductor as provided by embodiments of the present invention; fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure of an outer conductor and an inner conductor when combined according to an embodiment of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 9 and fig. 11, the present embodiment provides a connector, including: a housing, an inner conductor 12, and an insulator 13; the inner conductor 12 is arranged inside the outer shell; the insulator 13 is located inside the outer shell and sleeved outside the inner conductor, the insulator 13 includes an insulator body, a through hole and a positioning channel, the through hole is opened in the insulator body along the axial direction of the insulator 13 to accommodate the inner conductor; the positioning channel is arranged in the insulator body along a first direction, the length of the positioning channel along the first direction is greater than the diameter of the through hole, the width of the positioning channel along a second direction is smaller than the diameter of the through hole, the first direction and the second direction are both perpendicular to the axial direction of the insulator 13, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; the positioning channel is used for clamping a supporting surface 1c on the inner conductor and positioning a side plane adjacent to the supporting surface 1 c.

In this embodiment, the connector is an adapter 1, a housing of the adapter 1 is referred to as an outer conductor 11, an insulator 13 is sleeved on the inner conductor 12, the inner conductor 12 is connected with the outer conductor 11 through the insulator 13, the outer conductor 11 is a long cylindrical structure, the outer conductor 11 is specifically a long cylindrical rotator, and protruding rings 111 protruding outward in the radial direction are provided on edges of both ends of the outer conductor 11. The insulator 13 comprises an insulator body, a through hole and a positioning channel, wherein the through hole is formed in the insulator body along the axial direction of the insulator 13 and is used for accommodating the inner conductor 12 of the adapter; the positioning channel is opened in the insulator body along a first direction (in this embodiment, the first direction is an up-down direction in fig. 9), a length of the positioning channel along the first direction is greater than a diameter of the through hole, a width of the positioning channel along a second direction is smaller than the diameter of the through hole, wherein the first direction and the second direction are both perpendicular to an axial direction of the insulator 13, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; the positioning channel is used for clamping a supporting surface 1c on the inner conductor 12 and positioning a side plane adjacent to the supporting surface 1 c.

In the connector provided in the present embodiment, when the inner conductor 12 is installed in the insulator 13, the width direction of the inner conductor 12 coincides with the length direction of the positioning channel along the first direction, and the thickness direction of the inner conductor 12 coincides with the width direction of the positioning channel along the second direction, at this time, the inner conductor 12 is installed in the positioning channel to position the inner conductor 12 by the insulator 13, so as to prevent the inner conductor 12 from being greatly deflected.

The present embodiment further provides a radio frequency signal transmission connection system, which includes an adaptor 1 (the adaptor 1 is the connector provided in the present embodiment, see above specifically), and two sockets 2, where the socket 2 includes a housing 25 and a male pin 21 located in the housing 25, the male pin 21 is sleeved with a socket insulator 24, and the male pin 21 is connected to the housing 25 through the socket insulator 24. The two sockets 2 are respectively used for being connected to two ends of the adapter 1 in a pluggable manner, the inner hole wall of the shell 25 of the socket 2 is in contact with the outer conductor 11, and the male pin 21 of the socket 2 is used for being in contact with the inner conductor 12, in general, two ends of the adapter 1 will be matched with the two sockets 2, and for convenience of distinguishing, the two sockets 2 are respectively defined as a first socket and a second socket; since the outer conductor 11 is of a long cylindrical structure, the sockets 2 connected to both ends of the adaptor 1 may have the same size, and it should be noted that the same size refers to the same diameter of the through hole (i.e. the outer conductor 11 for receiving the adaptor) of the housing 25 on different sockets 2. In order to solve the technical problem pointed out above, as shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, on the inner hole wall of the housing 25 of the first socket 2a (i.e., the hole wall of the inner hole of the housing 25 contacting with the outer conductor 11), an annular groove 22 is formed along the circumferential direction of the inner hole; the annular groove 22 is used for accommodating the convex ring 111 of the outer conductor 11. When the adapter 1 is inserted into the first socket 2a, the collar 111 (like a projection) of the outer conductor 11 can snap into the annular groove 22 in the first socket 2 a. In this way, when the adaptor 1 is pulled out of the first socket 2a and the second socket 2b, since the annular groove 22 in the first socket 2a interferes with the protruding ring 111 of the outer conductor 11, the force required to pull out the first socket 2a from the adaptor 1 is always larger than the force required to pull out the second socket 2b from the adaptor 1. Thus, when the connection system consisting of the first socket 2a, the adapter 1 and the second socket 2b is separated, the adapter 1 can always be held on the first socket 2a, while the second socket 2b can be easily pulled out.

In the radio frequency signal transmission connection system that this embodiment provided, adapter 1 and socket 2 cooperate the circumference of first socket 2 a's casing 25 hole is equipped with an annular 22, annular 22 can hold the bulge loop 111 of outer conductor 11, when installation adapter 1, can not distinguish can install on first socket 2a and second socket 2b wantonly under the condition of the installation port at adapter 1 both ends, reduced adapter 1's the installation degree of difficulty, left out the loaded down with trivial details step of strictly distinguishing adapter 1 end, simplified operating is done, still through set up annular 22 in socket 2 simultaneously, realized that socket 2 has different holding power to the adapter 1 that both ends structure is the same.

In addition, in actual operation, the adapter 1 and the socket 2 are very small in volume. In order to improve the installation efficiency, one end of a plurality of adapters 1 is inserted into the corresponding socket 2 (a first socket 2a may be used first), and then the other end of the plurality of adapters 1 is inserted into the corresponding socket 2 (a second socket 2b different from the first socket 2a) at one time. However, the adaptor 1 inserted into the first socket 2a at one end thereof may generate a certain deviation or an operation error due to gravity, and when the other end of the adaptor 1 is inserted into the corresponding socket 2, the other end of the adaptor 1 may not be aligned with the corresponding socket 2. Therefore, in order to increase the radial tolerance between the adapter 1 and the socket 2, the first socket 2a and the second socket 2b are further provided with a bowl-shaped guiding opening 23, as shown in fig. 2, for guiding the insertion of the adapter 1 into the second socket 2 b. In practical applications, a plurality of first sockets 2a are generally soldered to a same circuit board or attached to a same module (a filter, a power amplifier, etc.), a plurality of second sockets 2b are soldered to another circuit board or attached to another module (a filter, a power amplifier, etc.), a corresponding number of adapters 1 are first installed in the corresponding first sockets 2a, then another circuit board or module is docked with the circuit board or module with the installed adapter 1, and the adapter 1 is inserted into the corresponding second sockets 2b under the guidance of the guiding ports 23 on the second sockets 2 b.

Of course, in order to limit the offset angle of the adaptor on the first socket 2a, the guiding opening 23 on the first socket 2a is sequentially connected with at least one tapered hole and at least one cylindrical hole on the first socket 2a from outside to inside, and specifically, in this embodiment, the guiding opening 23 on the first socket 2a forms a first tapered hole section 231, a circular hole section 232 and a second tapered hole section 233 on the first socket 2a from outside to inside. When looking at the first socket 2a in fig. 2, i.e. the socket on the right in fig. 2, it can be seen that the guide opening presents a first conical bore section 231, a circular bore section 232 and then a second conical bore section 233 on the first socket 2 a. The first socket 2a having such a pattern of the guide opening 23 can function as both a guide for the adapter 1 and a restriction for the offset angle of the adapter 1 after being fitted into the socket. It should be understood that the number of the conical hole segments and the number of the circular hole segments may be set according to the actual use condition, for example, three conical hole segments and two circular hole segments may be connected to each other at intervals.

Further, the outer conductor 11 has a symmetrical structure, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the outer conductor 11 with a symmetrical structure is installed in the inner holes of the housing 25 of the first socket 2a and the second socket 2b, the converter 1 can be easily mounted to the first socket 2a and the second socket 2b without distinguishing the two-end structure of the outer conductor 11, because the outer conductor 11 is a symmetrical structure, the protruding rings 111 are the same protrusions, the protruding ring 111 at one end of the outer conductor 11 is installed in the ring groove 22 of the first socket 2a, the convex ring 111 at the other end of the outer conductor 11 is in contact connection with the inner hole wall of the housing 25 of the second socket 2b, when the outer conductor 11 is detached from the socket 2 with the same force, the protruding ring 111 at the other end of the outer conductor 11 and the inner hole wall of the housing 25 of the second socket 2b are rubbed out of the second socket 2b, and the outer conductor is not slipped out of the first socket 2 a.

Preferably, the insulator 13 and the inner conductor 12 are also of a symmetrical structure and are symmetrically fitted in the inner conductor 12, thereby ensuring that the adaptor 1 is of an axially symmetrical structure.

Further, the inner conductor 12 is formed by a stamping process. Preferably, as for the aforementioned outer conductor 11, it should be noted that the outer conductor 11 or the housing of the socket 2 may be manufactured by a stamping, deep drawing, or deep drawing process, or directly by using a tube, specifically, by using a metal tube, or by using a stamping and rounding process, or by using a deep drawing process, the protruding ring 111 on the outer conductor 11 is usually manufactured by a bending process, or by using a upsetting process, and the outer conductor 11 manufactured by these processes is material-saving, high in production efficiency, and low in cost compared with the outer conductor manufactured by a conventional machine. The outer conductor 11 produced by these processes must be structurally smooth in diameter or straight cylindrical with uniform wall thickness. However, in the prior art, the outer conductor 11 has a smooth diameter change or is in a straight cylindrical shape, and the inner hole of the outer conductor 11 cannot compensate the impedance of the whole adapter 1, and can be realized only by the design of the inner conductor 12 and the insulator 13. The radio frequency signal transmission connection system provided by the embodiment solves the problem through the design of the inner conductor 12 and the insulator 13, and the insulator 13 is universal when being used in adapters 1 with different lengths. The specific protocol is described below. For convenience of description, a plane on which the axis of the outer conductor 11 is located is referred to as a first plane, and fig. 2 to 4 are actually the first plane presented. A direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer conductor 11 and parallel to the first plane is defined as a first direction.

As shown in fig. 4, in the present exemplary embodiment, the two ends of the adaptor 1 have the same structure, and the first socket 2a and the second socket 2b matched with the two ends of the adaptor 1 have different structures. The adapter 1 is provided with air section C with second socket 2b cooperation junction, air section C is in order to guarantee in the customer's use, prevents that adapter 1 and socket 2 from producing the collision or the circumstances such as atress is inhomogeneous because the pressing force is too big makes adapter 1 or socket 2 take place to damage. The air section C is different according to the connection condition of the adaptor 1 and the second socket 2b, for example, different customers have different force for installation or have errors in the installation distance between the first socket 2a and the second socket 2b, some customers have large force for installation, the length of the air section C between the adaptor 1 and the second socket 2b after installation is short, some customers have small force for installation, and the length of the air section C between the adaptor 1 and the second socket 2b after installation is long, so that the length of the air section C, which is between zero and the maximum preset distance in axial direction, is called the axial tolerance, is different, the adaptor 1 can slide axially in the inner bore of the second socket 2b within the axial tolerance, the radio frequency signal transmission connection system still has good electrical transmission performance within the range of axial tolerance. In this embodiment, the air section C is between zero and the maximum preset length, and the impedance of the air section C is higher than the impedance of the first standard impedance section a and the second standard impedance section G at the two ends of the second socket 2b, where the standard impedance is 50 ohms in this embodiment, and in other embodiments, the standard impedance may be 75 ohms or any value of impedance. Based on this, in order to realize the axial impedance matching of the rf signal transmission connection system, so that the rf signal transmission connection system can realize better electrical performance (voltage standing wave ratio, insertion loss, etc.) within the whole axial tolerance range, two sides of the air segment C, i.e. the left side of the air segment C and the left end of the adaptor 1 as shown in fig. 4, are set as low impedance sections, which are defined as a first low impedance region B and a second low impedance region D, since the adaptor 1 is a symmetric structure, and one end of the adaptor 1 is a low impedance region, the other end of the adaptor 1 should also be a low impedance region, i.e. a third low impedance region E, and when the adaptor 1 is matched with the first socket 2a (socket on the right side in fig. 4), since the adaptor 1 has the third low impedance region E, in order to satisfy the impedance matching between the right side and the left side of the rf signal transmission connection system, the right side of the third impedance region E is set as a high impedance region, defined as a second high impedance region F, where the second high impedance region F reserves an air space by increasing the inner hole diameter of the socket housing 25 of the second high impedance region F (i.e., the distance between the upper and lower side lines of the inner hole wall of the socket housing 25 of the second high impedance region F in the first direction), thereby increasing the impedance. Of course, the actual impedances of the first standard impedance region a, the first low impedance region B, the air section C, the second low impedance region D, the third low impedance region E, the second high impedance region F and the second standard impedance region G may be adaptively changed according to the actual impedance matching condition, for example, since the impedance values of the second low impedance region D and the third low impedance region E are lower, the impedance value of the second high impedance region F needs to be increased, and further, the outer diameter of the socket insulator 24 of the first socket 2a of the second high impedance region F (i.e., the length in the first direction, the distance between the upper and lower edges of the outer surface of the socket insulator 24 of the second high impedance region F) may be decreased, so as to increase the air space; and/or, the socket insulator 24 of the second high-impedance region F is made of an insulating material with a lower relative dielectric constant; and/or the second high-resistance region F is entirely filled with an air space for increasing resistance. Further, it is also possible to reduce the outer diameter (i.e., the length in the first direction, the distance between the upper and lower surfaces of the male pins 21 of the second high-resistance region F, and the cross-sectional width when the inner conductor 12 has a strip-shaped, sheet-shaped configuration) of the male pins 21 of the second high-resistance region F, and to increase the air space to increase the resistance. When the shape of the cross section of the inner bore of the housing 25, the shape of the cross section of the socket insulator 24, or the shape of the cross section of the inner conductor 12 is not circular, the impedance of the second high impedance region is determined by: adjusting at least one of the cross-sectional dimension of the inner bore of the housing 25, the cross-sectional dimension of the outer or inner bore of the socket insulator 24, the cross-sectional dimension of the inner conductor 12, the selection of an insulating material having a relative permittivity higher or lower than a standard permittivity for the socket insulator 24, the inclusion of an air section for the socket insulator 24, and the cross-sectional dimension of the male pin 21, such as adjusting the length and width of a rectangle when the cross-sectional shape of the outer or inner bore of the socket insulator 24, the cross-sectional shape of the inner bore of the housing 25, and the cross-sectional shape of the male pin 21 are rectangular.

In summary, in the second high impedance region F, the impedance of the second high impedance region F is adjusted by adjusting the diameter of the inner hole of the socket housing, and/or adjusting the diameter of the socket insulator 24, and/or selecting an insulating material having a relative dielectric constant higher or lower than the standard dielectric constant, and/or adjusting the outer diameter of the male pin 21. It should be noted that the standard dielectric constant actually represents the dielectric constant of the insulator material used for the transmission line when the impedance is the standard impedance, or the dielectric constant of the insulating material commonly used by those skilled in the art in simulation design, test, production or experiment, in this embodiment, the insulating material is optimally designed by simulation design, test and other methods, that is, a material higher than a certain dielectric constant or lower than a certain dielectric constant is selected.

Preferably, the adaptor 1 is further provided with an impedance adjusting region 121, and the impedance adjusting region 121 can be used to adjust the impedance of the radio frequency signal transmission connection system; the impedance adjusting region 121 forms one or more stepped surfaces on the inner conductor 12, the stepped surfaces perform stepped changes along the length direction of the inner conductor 12, and the impedance adjusting region 121 adjusts the impedance matching of the radio frequency signal transmission connection system through the stepped changes of the stepped surfaces; and/or, the impedance adjusting region 121 forms one or more stepped surfaces inside or outside the insulator 13 matched with the inner conductor 12; and/or, the impedance adjusting section 121 forms one or more stepped surfaces on the inner portion of the outer conductor 11; the impedance adjusting section 121 has an axially symmetric structure. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the insulators 13 are located at two ends of the adaptor 1, and an air portion is located between the two insulators 13, so that air is filled between the middle section of the outer conductor 11 and the middle section of the inner conductor 12, and the purpose of impedance adjusting the rf signal transmission connection system is achieved by using the physical property of low relative permittivity of air. When the cross-sectional shape of the adaptor insulator 13, the cross-sectional shape of the inner bore of the outer conductor 11, and the cross-sectional shape of the inner conductor 12 are not circular, it is also possible to adjust the length and width of the rectangle by adjusting the size of the cross-section thereof, such as when the outer or inner bore cross-sectional shape of the adaptor insulator 13, the cross-sectional shape of the inner bore of the outer conductor 11, and the cross-sectional shape of the inner conductor 12 are rectangular.

However, in the process of adjusting the impedance, the shape of the middle portion of the inner conductor 12 may also be adjusted, so that the impedance adjusting region 121 is presented on the inner conductor 12 in the form of a stepped surface, and the stepped surface is stepped along the length direction of the inner conductor 12 to adapt to different impedance adjusting requirements. Specifically, taking fig. 2 as an example, in the present exemplary embodiment, when the inner conductor 12 is a strip-shaped or sheet-shaped structure, the width of the middle section of the inner conductor 12 (i.e., the length of the middle section of the inner conductor 12 in the first direction) may be adjusted, a portion of material is removed or added to the middle section of the inner conductor 12 to form a plurality of stepped surfaces, so as to form the impedance adjusting region 121, and the inner conductor 12 of the impedance adjusting region 121 has seven stepped surfaces, where each of the upper protrusion and the lower recess is a stepped surface, so as to fulfill the requirement of impedance matching. The impedance of each stepped surface of the impedance adjuster section 121 may be adjusted to be higher or lower than a standard impedance to achieve better overall electrical performance of the overall connection system within the entire range of axial tolerances.

Although the impedance adjusting section 121 has seven step surfaces on the inner conductor, it is easy to understand by those skilled in the art that other numbers of step surfaces are possible, for example, 3 step surfaces and 5 step surfaces, and the number of step surfaces can be adjusted according to the requirement of adjusting impedance, for example, 5 step surfaces can make the step surfaces on two sides higher than the middle step surface in the middle 3 step surfaces, and 5 step surfaces can make the middle step surface the highest and the other steps lower in turn. In any case, for adjusting the impedance, it can be adjusted in a reasonable manner according to the actual requirements, and is not described here.

Preferably, with continued reference to fig. 2 for ease of understanding, in other embodiments, one or more stepped surfaces (not shown in fig. 2) are provided at the portion of the insulator 13 that matches the inner conductor 12, i.e., at the inner portion (i.e., the side near the adaptor impedance adjusting region 121) or the outer portion (i.e., the side away from the impedance adjusting region 121) of the insulator 13, which may be referred to as the stepped surface shape of the middle portion of the inner conductor 12, as required for impedance matching.

Or, the inner hole of the outer conductor is provided with one or more stepped surfaces along the axial direction at the middle section of the outer conductor 11 matched with the inner conductor 12 without the insulator 13, and likewise, the stepped surfaces can refer to the shape of the stepped surfaces at the middle part of the inner conductor 12 so as to meet the requirement of impedance matching. The outer conductor inner hole step surface is axially symmetrical.

Thus, the impedance adjusting section 121 is actually a real part of the adapter 1 near the middle (see fig. 2). Only the impedance adjusting section 121 needs to be adapted to the inner hole shapes of the inner conductor 12, the insulator 13, and the outer conductor 11 according to actual requirements. Of course, the impedance adjusting region 121 may be only adjusted for the inner conductor 12, the insulator 13, or the outer conductor 11; the inner conductor 12 and the insulator 13 may be combined together to perform impedance adjustment, that is, impedance adjustment may be performed through both the inner conductor 12 and the insulator 13; the impedance can be adjusted through the inner conductor 12, and the inner hole shape of the outer conductor 11 can be adjusted adaptively; alternatively, the inner hole shapes of the inner conductor 12, the insulator 13 and the outer conductor 11 may be adjusted simultaneously to meet the impedance matching requirement. In summary, in the actual use process, according to the requirement of impedance matching, the impedance adjusting region 121 combines the shape changes of the inner conductor 12, the inner hole of the outer conductor 11 and the insulator 13 to complete impedance matching.

Moreover, when the length of the adaptor 1 is longer, the length and diameter of the impedance adjusting region 121 can be adjusted accordingly without changing the insulator 13; the specific position and length of the impedance adjusting region 121 can also be set according to the actual impedance adjusting requirement; the specific impedance value of each step surface of the impedance adjusting region 121 corresponding to the transmission line may be set according to an actual impedance adjusting parameter.

It should be understood that the impedance-adjusting section 121 is explained in the present embodiment with reference to the first plane, but in practice, if the inner conductor 12, the insulator 13 and the outer conductor 11 have a revolution solid structure, the change of the step surface in the first plane is understood as a corresponding change of the diameter.

Furthermore, the impedance adjusting section 121 has an axially symmetric structure, so that the impedance of the impedance adjusting section 121 is symmetric, and the electrical performance thereof is good. By adopting the axially symmetric impedance matching design, when the length of the adapter 1 is increased, the air section in the middle of the adapter 1 is axially increased, the insulators 13 at the two ends are still unchanged, and the insulators 13 can be commonly used. Generally, the transmission line impedance corresponding to the region of a step in the middle of the inner conductor 12 is designed to be standard impedance, when the length of the adapter 1 changes, the axial length of the step in the middle of the inner conductor 12 and the length of the outer conductor 11 correspondingly change, and the steps at the two ends and the insulator 13 do not need to change or slightly adjust, so that the good electrical performance of the whole adapter 1 can be realized, the design of the adapter 1 with different lengths is simple, the product design time is saved, and the design difficulty is reduced. The solution in the present embodiment thus makes the insulator 13 versatile.

Similarly, in other embodiments, referring to fig. 3, when the length of the insulator 13 is the same as the length of the inner conductor 12, only one insulator 13 may be provided, and the impedance adjusting section 121 (not shown) is located in the middle section of the inner conductor 12, similar to the inner conductor 12 in fig. 2, and when the inner conductor 12 has a strip-shaped and sheet-shaped structure, the width of the inner conductor 12 shown in fig. 3 is not changed. In practice, when adjusting the impedance, the width of the middle portion of the inner conductor 12 (i.e., the length in the first direction) may be adjusted as a whole, for example, the width of the middle portion of the inner conductor 12 may be made larger or smaller than the length of the end portion of the inner conductor 12 in the first direction. Of course, the adjustment of the width of the middle portion of the inner conductor 12 (i.e. in the first direction) may also be in other forms, such as one or more stepped surfaces provided in the middle portion; similarly, a stepped surface may be provided inside or outside the insulator 13; or a stepped surface may be further disposed on the inner hole of the outer conductor, which is specifically referred to the case of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 and will not be described herein again. When the inner conductor 12 is of a solid of revolution, the width is the diameter here.

Preferably, a person skilled in the art can combine and use the first standard impedance region a, the first low impedance region B, the air section C, the second low impedance region D, the third low impedance region E, the second high impedance region F, the second standard impedance region G and the impedance adjusting region 121 according to actual use requirements, thereby completing impedance matching of the radio frequency signal transmission connection system.

In the embodiment, when the outer conductor is manufactured by processes such as stamping, deep drawing and the like, or when a pipe is used for manufacturing, because the diameter change is smooth and the wall thickness is uniform, when impedance adjustment is performed, the impedance adjustment can be performed by using the structural transformation of the insulator 13 and the inner conductor 12 inside the outer conductor so as to meet the application requirements. To this end, the present embodiment further proposes an inner conductor 12 for the radio frequency signal transmission connection system.

The inner conductor 12 adopted in this embodiment is a strip-shaped sheet structure, and is close to a rectangular plate with a certain thickness, and as for the specific value of the thickness, the selection can be performed according to the actual use requirement and the actual use condition on the premise of ensuring that the inner conductor can form effective contact with the male pin 21.

The inner conductor 12 may be used in the adapter 1, in the socket 2, or in other types of connectors; the adapter may be a female pin (the inner conductor 12 of the adapter of the present embodiment is a female pin-like inner conductor) or a male pin. The present embodiment takes the inner conductor of the adaptor 1 as an example, and describes the inner conductor 12. The inner conductor 12 can be analogized from the present embodiment when applied to other types of connectors, and will not be described one by one.

Typically, the adapter 1 of the rf signal transmission connection system is an elongated structure that needs to be connected to a mating receptacle 2. The length direction of the inner conductor 12 may be the same as the length direction of the outer conductor 11 in the adaptor 1, and is connected to the male pin 21 in the socket 2 at a position near both ends. In order to enable the inner conductor 12 to accommodate the male pin 21 in the socket 2 at a position close to both ends, as shown in fig. 5, the inner conductor 12 has an end surface 1a, the end surface 1a of the inner conductor 12 is provided with an accommodating cavity 122 extending inward along the length direction of the inner conductor 12, and the accommodating cavity 122 is used for accommodating the male pin 21.

As mentioned above, the accommodating cavity 122 is used for accommodating the male pin 21 in the socket 2, and the accommodating cavity 122 needs to be in contact with the male pin 21 to transmit the rf signal. A convex surface 11d is formed on the inner surface 1d of the accommodating cavity 122, the convex surface 11d is close to the end of the inner conductor 12, further, the convex surface 11d is arched towards two sides of the length direction of the inner conductor 12 to form an arc surface, and of course, a V-shaped surface may also be formed. The convex surface 11d ensures that the contact position of the inner conductor 12 and the male pin 21 of the socket is on the convex surface 11d under any condition of the plug-in assembly of the adapter and the socket connector, including the inclined plug-in assembly, thereby ensuring the stable performance of the whole radio frequency signal transmission system. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the inner surface 1d may be formed as an arc surface or a V-groove surface without forming the projecting surface 11 d. The inner surface 1d can also be shaped as desired according to the outer shape of the pin and the actual requirements.

The inner surface 1d or the protruding surface 11d of the inner conductor 12 forms an arc surface or a V-shaped surface or other suitable shapes, when the male pin 21 is cylindrical, the inner surface 1d or the protruding surface 11d of the accommodating cavity 122 and the male pin 21 form good matching, the contact area between the inner surface 1d or the protruding surface 11d of the accommodating cavity 122 and the male pin 21 is increased, the centering performance between the two is improved, the male pin 21 is prevented from deviating, and the stability of the performance of the whole radio-frequency signal transmission system is further ensured.

When the accommodating cavity 122 accommodates the male pin 21, the accommodating cavity 122 requires a certain clamping force to clamp the male pin 21, and at the same time, allows the male pin 21 to be offset at a certain angle. When the adapter 1 is connected to the socket 2, there may be a certain radial deviation between the adapter 1 and the socket 2, and at this time, the male pin 21 is not completely axially disposed when being installed in the receiving cavity 122, but may be deflected to a certain degree, so that the receiving cavity 122 may allow the male pin 21 to be deflected to a certain degree. An end of the accommodating cavity 122 away from the end face of the inner conductor 12 is defined as a cavity bottom 1e of the accommodating cavity 122, and an end close to the end face 1a of the inner conductor 12 is defined as a cavity opening 1f of the accommodating cavity 122, so that the distance between the cavity openings 1f of the accommodating cavity 122 is smaller than that between the cavity bottoms 1e of the accommodating cavity 122, and the accommodating cavity 122 is in a conical shape.

Since the accommodating cavity 122 is formed on the inner conductor 12, the end of the inner conductor 12 is formed in a pattern similar to two tuning fork spring pieces 1b, and in order to make the two spring pieces 1b more firm and less prone to damage by an inserted male pin, a cavity bottom 1e of the accommodating cavity 122 (a position where the two spring pieces 1b surrounding the accommodating cavity 122 converge on the inner conductor) is formed with a chamfer on the inner conductor 12, so as to enhance the fracture resistance of the spring pieces 1 b. In addition, in order to make the male pin 21 have a guiding function when inserting the male pin 21 into the accommodating cavity 122, the male pin 21 can be inserted even if the male pin 21 is not perfectly aligned, a chamfer 1j is also formed on the inner conductor 12 at the cavity opening of the accommodating cavity 122, and chamfers at the cavity bottom 1e and the cavity opening 1f can be replaced by rounding.

Next, the inner conductor 12 needs to be installed in the outer conductor 11 through a matching insulator 13 (usually, a rotator structure with a circular through hole), the inner conductor 12 described in detail in this embodiment has a strip-shaped and sheet-shaped structure, and when the inner conductor 12 is installed in the outer conductor 11 through the insulator 13, two side surfaces of the inner conductor 12 contact with the insulator 13, so that a surface contacting with the insulator 13 is referred to as a supporting surface 1c of the inner conductor 12. In order to make the supporting surface 1c of the inner conductor 12 contact and position the insulator 13 better, the supporting surface 1c of the inner conductor 12 is an arc surface or a V-shaped surface or other suitable shapes (when the surface of the insulator 13 contacting the inner conductor 12 is also an arc surface or a V-shaped surface, the insulator 13 has the effect of centering and positioning the inner conductor 12). The front supporting surface 11c (a section of supporting surface close to the end surface of the inner conductor 12) of the supporting surface 1c is a part of a conical surface with an axis parallel to the length direction of the inner conductor 12. Of course, the support surface 1c may be formed to be flat for more convenient processing and manufacturing. Because the accommodating cavity 122 is conical, the front supporting surface 11c of the supporting surface 1c is favorable for saving materials according to the arrangement, and is also favorable for more reasonable stress distribution of the front end and the rear end of the elastic sheet 1b when the elastic sheet 1b is subjected to bending moment after the male pin is inserted. The rear supporting surface 12c of the supporting surface 1c (a section of the supporting surface far from the end surface of the inner conductor 12, that is, a portion of the supporting surface 1c adjacent to the front supporting surface 11 c) is a part of a cylindrical surface whose axis is parallel to the length direction of the inner conductor 12, and the rear supporting surface 12c of the supporting surface 1c is set as a part of a cylindrical surface, so that the supporting surface 1c is favorably attached to the inner surface of the insulator 13 and generates a centering effect, the insulator 13 is favorably used for effectively supporting and positioning the inner conductor 12, and the rear supporting surface 12c can be designed to be a plane for convenience of processing and manufacturing.

As a preferable scheme for enhancing the adhesion of the inner conductor 12 on the insulator 13, a step is further provided on the supporting surface 1c of the inner conductor 12 to achieve better adhesion of the inner conductor 12 on the insulator 13.

Further, since the cavity bottom 1e of the accommodating cavity 122 has higher structural strength and better deformation resistance, the stage is arranged close to the cavity bottom 1e of the accommodating cavity 122 to avoid the problem of reduced adhesion caused by extrusion of the stage or the deformation of the elastic sheet 1b after the adapter is assembled.

In fig. 5, the inner conductor 12 is a sheet structure with a symmetrical structure, the supporting surfaces 1c of the inner conductor 12 contacting the insulator 13 are two symmetrical side surfaces of the inner conductor 12, and the step sections on the supporting surfaces 1c of the inner conductor 12 are oppositely arranged, specifically, the step sections are oppositely arranged along both the length direction and the width direction of the inner conductor 12 to ensure that the inner conductor 12 is always at the central position of the insulator 13, but in other embodiments, the step sections may also be oppositely arranged only in the length direction or only in the width direction (wherein the length direction is the axial direction of the inner conductor 12, that is, the step sections are oppositely arranged in the length direction, and the width direction is the length direction of the cross section of the inner conductor 12).

Further, the mesa step includes at least one stepped boss 123 extending along a length direction of the inner conductor 12 in a width and/or thickness direction of the inner conductor. In the present embodiment, the stage includes four step bosses 123 extending along the length direction of the inner conductor 12 in the width direction of the inner conductor 12 (one step boss 123 is included on each of the four support surfaces 1c of the inner conductor 12), and the length of the step boss 123 extending along the length direction and the height of the step boss 123 protruding in the width direction are set according to actual conditions. Of course, the number of the step bosses 123 of the stage on the four supporting surfaces 1c along the width direction of the inner conductor may also be two (that is, the four supporting surfaces 1c in the inner conductor 12 each include two step bosses 123, that is, there are eight step bosses 123 in total), and of course, the number of the step bosses 123 of the stage on the four supporting surfaces 1c along the width direction of the inner conductor 12 is three, that is, there are twelve step bosses 123 in total, or the number of the step bosses 123 of the stage on the four supporting surfaces 1c is four, five or other numbers, in this case, the step bosses 123 are symmetrically arranged.

Further, among the four supporting surfaces 1c of the inner conductor 12, in the present embodiment, the stage is provided on each of the four supporting surfaces 1c, but of course, in other embodiments, the stage may be provided on one supporting surface 1c, on two supporting surfaces 1c symmetrical in the width direction, on two supporting surfaces 1c symmetrical in the length direction, on two supporting surfaces 1c symmetrical in the center of the inner conductor 12, or in three supporting surfaces 1c among the four supporting surfaces 1 c. Further, when the length of the step boss 123 extending in the length direction is short, the step boss becomes a bar-shaped protrusion (not shown in the drawings). With the arrangement, when the length of the adapter is long, the inner conductor 12 is also long, the slender inner conductor 12 is easy to be deformed due to instability when being assembled or used by a customer and two ends of the slender inner conductor are pressed inwards along the length direction of the inner conductor 12, the stage has a certain length, or a plurality of step bosses 123 or strip-shaped protrusions are arranged on each supporting surface 1c of the four supporting surfaces 1c along the length direction at certain distances, so that the rotation of the inner conductor 12 can be limited, and the stability is improved.

In other embodiments, the step stage includes at least one step projection 123 (not shown in fig. 5) extending along the length direction of the inner conductor 12 in the thickness direction of the inner conductor 12, and specifically, the step projection 123 arranged along the thickness direction of the inner conductor 12 is arranged in a direction close to the supporting surface 1c of the inner conductor 12 (i.e., in a position close to the step projection 123 shown in fig. 5), i.e., the step projection 123 protrudes in the thickness direction and is arranged close to the supporting surface 1 c. Preferably, the step bosses 123 are symmetrically arranged along the supporting surface, the inner conductor 12 includes eight step bosses 123, and the eight step bosses 123 are symmetrically arranged along four supporting surfaces 1c of the inner conductor 12. Or, four step bosses 123 are symmetrically arranged along the two support surfaces 1c of the inner conductor 12; or other number of stepped bosses 123 symmetrically disposed along the support surface 1c of the inner conductor 12. Similarly, at each stage position, the number of the step bosses 123 can be designed into a plurality according to actual design requirements. The design of the step-shaped projection 123 in the thickness direction has the technical effect of the step-shaped projection 123 in the width direction on the one hand, and on the other hand, reduces the installation error in the thickness direction when the insulator 13 and the inner conductor 12 are installed, and when the thickness of the inner conductor 12 and the width of the corresponding groove of the insulator 13 accommodating the inner conductor 12 have a large manufacturing error, the inner conductor 12 is still installed in the middle of the corresponding groove of the insulator 13 in the thickness direction. In addition, referring to fig. 5, on the supporting surface 1c of the inner conductor 12, a protrusion 124 extending inward along the length direction of the inner conductor 12 is disposed on the end surface 1a of the inner conductor 12, and the protrusion 124 is disposed on the supporting surface 1c of the inner conductor 12. When the accommodating cavity 122 accommodates the male pin, the male pin can jack up and expand the elastic sheets 1b at two sides of the accommodating cavity 122, so that the inner wall of the insulator 13 can be jacked by the bulge 124 arranged on the supporting surface 1c to support the elastic sheets 1b, the holding force of the accommodating cavity 122 on the male pin can be improved, and the elastic sheets 1b can be prevented from being deformed to a large extent and damaged when a customer slantingly installs the adapter and the socket 2.

Radio frequency connectors inevitably face impedance matching problems during use. In order to better realize the transition of the transmission line from the coaxial structure of the socket segment to the non-coaxial segment of the adapter 1 having the inner conductor 12 with a long strip-shaped and plate-shaped structure described in this embodiment, and to realize better electrical transmission performance, the

protrusion

124 or 11d on the supporting surface 1c may also be thicker than the thickness of the inner conductor 12, so that the cross section of the inner conductor 12 with a plate-shaped structure near the end is closer to a circular cross section.

As a preferable mode of the protrusion 124 on the supporting surface 1c, a surface of the protrusion 124 away from the receiving cavity 122 (i.e., a surface coming into contact with the adapter insulator) is a curved surface and is a part of a conical surface or a cylindrical surface having an axis parallel to the length direction of the inner conductor 12. Of course, in order to reduce the processing difficulty, the surface of the protrusion 124 away from the receiving cavity 122 may be directly made into a plane.

Because the inner conductor 12 is a strip-shaped sheet structure, the inner conductor 12 can be formed by a stamping process, so that the production efficiency is improved.

Further, referring to fig. 8, when the inner conductor 12 is manufactured by a process such as stamping, in order to facilitate the inner surface of the accommodating cavity 122 to form an arc surface or a V-shaped groove surface under the process conditions such as stamping, a material expanding hole 125 is further disposed on the inner conductor 12, the material expanding hole 125 is close to the protruding surface 11d, and an opening direction of the material expanding hole 125 is the same as a thickness direction of the inner conductor 12. Therefore, when the inner conductor 12 is manufactured by a process such as stamping, the protruding plane 11d on the inner conductor 12 is formed by blanking, and then the material is inserted into the material by a tool such as a stamping die to form the material expanding hole 125, and the protruding plane 11d or the inner surface 1d is formed by material extrusion when the material is inserted by the tool such as the stamping die to form the protruding plane 11d or the inner surface 1d in the shape of the arc surface or the V-shaped groove surface on the inner conductor 12. The shape of the mold inserted into the receiving cavity 122 is complementary to the shape of the finally formed curved or V-shaped groove on the receiving cavity 122.

In fact, the inner conductor 12 needs to be plated, and usually, thousands or even tens of thousands of inner conductors 12 are placed together to complete the plating, so as to avoid tight mutual adhesion between each inner conductor 12, which makes the plating solution not completely impregnate to the outer surface of the inner conductor, and thus cannot complete the plating, it is better that, as shown in fig. 5, thickness bosses 126 are further provided in the direction of the thickness of the inner conductor 12, and each thickness boss 126 protrudes in the direction of the thickness side of the inner conductor. In this way, the thickness bosses 126 space each inner conductor 12 apart from one another, thereby allowing plating to be performed and also ensuring uniform plating between each inner conductor 12. In an embodiment, the thickness bosses 126 are circular, while in other embodiments, the thickness bosses 126 may also be square or other shapes, and the number of the thickness bosses 126 is not limited to one or two, and may also be multiple, and the arrangement direction may be two sides of the thickness of the inner conductor 12.

The inner conductor 12 of the strip-shaped and sheet-shaped structure has no closed deep hole relative to the inner conductor 12 of the revolving body structure, so that the inner conductor 12 is easy to clean after being processed, can not be blackened after heat treatment, and can not be blackened after being electroplated, the thickness of each part of the electroplated layer is relatively uniform, when the whole electroplated layer of the product is relatively thin, the thinnest part of the electroplated layer can also meet the standard requirement, and the electroplated material, energy and time are saved.

Therefore, in the inner conductor 12 for the radio frequency connector provided by the embodiment, the structural shape of the inner conductor 12 is set to be the strip-shaped sheet structure, so that the inner conductor 12 can be formed at one time in a stamping manner, the manufacturing difficulty of the inner conductor 12 is greatly reduced, the production efficiency of the inner conductor 12 is improved, and the use of materials is reduced. And, it is advantageous for the insulator 13 of the adaptor 1 to achieve effective support thereof when the inner conductor 12 is fitted into the inner bore of the outer conductor 11. Moreover, the strip-shaped and sheet-shaped inner conductor 12 has no closed deep hole of the inner conductor 13 of the revolving body structure, so that the male pin 21 matched with the strip-shaped and sheet-shaped inner conductor can be allowed to deflect at a larger angle, and the installation precision of the inner conductor 12 is greatly reduced. And moreover, after processing, the steel plate is easy to clean, can not blacken after heat treatment, can not blacken after electroplating, has uniform thickness of each part of the electroplating layer, and can meet the standard requirement at the thinnest part of the electroplating layer when the whole electroplating layer of the product is thinner, thereby saving electroplating materials, energy and time. Moreover, the inner conductor 12 with the design can be connected through the material belt during stamping, and is convenient for continuous electroplating. The brush plating of the continuous plating can respectively control the thickness of the plating layers at the end part and the middle part of the inner conductor 12, so that the thickness of the plating layers of all parts tends to be consistent, and the plating material, the energy and the time are further saved. Further, in the continuous plating, the portion of the end of the inner conductor 12 contacting the male pin 21 may be made of precious metal materials such as gold, silver, etc. having good conductivity and corrosion resistance. The other parts are plated with a thin precious metal material or other cheap electroplating materials. The performance of the product is ensured, meanwhile, the electroplating noble metal material is greatly saved, and the cost is reduced.

In order that the insulator 13 can effectively position the inner conductor 12 when the inner conductor 12 is mounted in the insulator 13, the present embodiment provides a connector, specifically as follows:

as shown in fig. 9 to 11, the insulator 13 includes an insulator body, a through hole opened in the insulator body in an axial direction of the insulator 13, and a positioning passage, the through hole and the positioning passage together serving to receive the inner conductor 12 of the adaptor; the positioning channel (the sliding groove 131 or the rectangular hole 133) is opened in the insulator body along a first direction (in this embodiment, the first direction is the up-down direction in fig. 9), the length of the positioning channel along the first direction is greater than the diameter of the through hole, the width of the positioning channel along a second direction is less than the diameter of the through hole, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to the axial direction of the insulator 13, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; the positioning channel is used for clamping a supporting surface 1c on the inner conductor and positioning a side plane adjacent to the supporting surface 1c, and the positioning channel can be adjusted adaptively according to the structural characteristics of the inner conductor 12.

Based on the above description, as shown in fig. 9, the inner conductor 12 in this embodiment is an elongated, sheet-like inner conductor 12, and the length of the positioning channel along the first direction is adapted to the width of the inner conductor; the width of the positioning channel along the second direction is matched with the thickness of the inner conductor. In this embodiment, the through hole of the insulator 13 is circular, but in other embodiments, the through hole is not limited to an absolute circular shape, and may have other shapes. The diameter of the through hole of the insulator 13 may be larger than the outer diameter of the male pin 21 of another mating connector (in this embodiment, the receptacle of the rf signal transmission connection system as described above) (in this embodiment, the inner conductor 12 of the other connector is cylindrical, that is, the inner conductor 12 is referred to as the male pin 21), or equal to the outer diameter of the male pin 21. When the diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the male pin 21, the positioning channel comprises two oppositely arranged sliding chutes 131, the two sliding chutes 131 are respectively positioned at the two ends of the positioning channel along the first direction, that is, the two oppositely arranged sliding chutes 131 are arranged in the through hole to realize the guiding and positioning functions of the positioning channel; since the inner conductor 12 has a slender structure and the length direction of the inner conductor 12 coincides with the length direction of the outer conductor 11, the length direction of the positioning passage including the slide groove 131 coincides with the length direction of the through hole, so that the inner conductor 12 can be correctly installed in the outer conductor 11.

Furthermore, the width of the positioning channel along the second direction is matched with the thickness of the inner conductor 12, when the positioning channel containing the sliding groove 131 positions and guides the inner conductor 12 in a strip shape or a sheet structure, the side edge of the sliding groove 131 is used for clamping the supporting surface 1c on the inner conductor 12, the adjacent side surface of the side edge of the sliding groove 131 is used for positioning the side plane adjacent to the supporting surface 1c, and the sliding groove 131 and the step boss 123 on the inner conductor 12 can be in interference connection. The sliding groove 131 can limit the thickness direction of the inner conductor 12, and when a customer slantingly installs the adapter 1 and the socket 2, the elastic sheet 1b of the inner conductor 12 can be prevented from deforming along the thickness direction of the inner conductor 12, the male pin 21 and the inner conductor 12 are prevented from being matched to deviate, and the elastic sheet 1b of the inner conductor 12 can be prevented from being plastically deformed or even broken.

Further, referring to fig. 11 and 12, the positioning channel further includes a pre-press groove 136 for providing a pre-assembly function for the inner conductor 12 to be installed in the insulator 13. The pre-pressing groove 136 forms a groove-shaped structure on the inner wall of the positioning channel for contacting the supporting surface 1c of the inner conductor 12, and the pre-pressing groove 136 is arranged near one end of the insulator 13 for mounting the inner conductor 12; the length of the cross section of the pre-pressing groove 136 is larger than that of the contact position of the positioning channel and the inner conductor 12; the pre-press groove 136 is a mouth portion toward an end for mounting the inner conductor 12, and the inner conductor 12 is fitted into the positioning passage of the insulator 13 from the mouth portion at the time of fitting. More preferably, the mouth of the pre-pressing groove 136 has a chamfer; and/or the pre-pressing groove 136 is in a trapezoidal structure with a large opening part and a small inner part along the axial direction of the insulator 13. It is to be understood that the cross-section is a plane in the direction shown in fig. 11, while a longitudinal section, which is a plane in the direction B-B shown in fig. 11, is also described below.

Specifically, in the embodiment shown in fig. 9, the pre-pressing groove 136 (not shown in fig. 9, and referring to the structure of the pre-pressing groove 136 in fig. 11, 12 and 14) may be disposed on the sliding groove 131 in the positioning channel, and when the inner conductor 12 is installed, concave pre-pressing grooves 136 are disposed on two oppositely disposed sliding grooves 131, at this time, there is a clearance fit relationship between the pre-pressing groove 136 and the stepped boss 123 on the inner conductor 12 or an interference fit with a small interference is employed between the pre-pressing groove 136 and the stepped boss 123 on the inner conductor 12, so as to ensure that the inner conductor 12 can easily pass through the pre-pressing groove 136 and enter the insulator 13 to perform the pre-pressing positioning function. A small interference fit is an interference fit that can be inserted manually. After the inner conductor 12 is pre-pressed and positioned in the sliding groove 131, because the distance between the two oppositely arranged sliding grooves 131 is smaller than the distance between the two oppositely arranged pre-pressing grooves 136, at this time, the sliding groove 131 and the step boss 123 on the inner conductor 12 are in interference fit with a large interference magnitude, the requirement for force application cannot be met by manual installation, and further, a machine is required to press the inner conductor 12 to a designed position, and the step boss 123 on the inner conductor 12 and the sliding groove 131 generate a large holding force. It should be understood that the pre-pressing groove 136 not only has the function of pre-pressing, but also has the function of guiding, and the length of the cross section of the pre-pressing groove 136 is greater than the length of the cross section of the sliding groove 131 and greater than the width of the mouth of the inner conductor 12, so that when the inner conductor 12 is installed, the positioning channel of the inner conductor 12 relative to the insulator 13 allows a certain alignment error when the spring piece 1b of the inner conductor 12 is installed on the insulator 13. Further, the pre-pressing groove 136 has a chamfer at the end of the insulator 13 inserted into the inner conductor 12, the chamfer is flared along the first direction and the second direction, and as long as the mouth of the inner conductor 12 is within the range of the flared shape, the chamfer can be guided and installed into the positioning channel of the insulator 13, thereby greatly improving the installation error range. Preferably, the other end of the insulator 13 is a mounting end of the male pin, and a mouth of the mounting end of the male pin is also provided with a chamfer, and the chamfer is flared, so that the male pin 21 has a guiding function when being mounted on the insulator 13.

Next, in an embodiment, the accommodating cavity 122 of the inner conductor 12 does not entirely wrap the male pin 21 of the socket 2, so as to avoid the male pin 21 in the socket 2 from shifting in the accommodating cavity 122, as shown in fig. 10, the insulator 13 further includes two oppositely disposed baffles 132, the baffles 132 extend along the second direction and extend toward the center of the through hole, the baffles are arranged in a staggered manner with respect to the positioning channel, that is, the two baffles 132 are spaced from the two sliding grooves 131, and the distance between the two baffles 132 along the second direction is used for adapting to the outer diameter of the male pin 21 of the connector. In this embodiment, the distance between the two baffles 132 along the second direction is adapted to the outer diameter of the male pin 21 of the socket 2 of the radio frequency transmission system to be mated, so as to receive and position the male pin 21 of the socket 2. When the inner conductor 12 is placed in the insulator 13, the baffles 132 are positioned at two sides of the accommodating cavity 122 of the inner conductor 12, so that after the male pin 21 of the socket 2 is inserted into the accommodating cavity 122 of the inner conductor 12, the convex surfaces 11d in the accommodating cavity 122 can provide vertical limitation for the male pin 21; since the through hole of the insulator 13 is larger than the outer diameter of the male pin 21 of the mating receptacle 2, the baffle 132 of the insulator 13 provides a horizontal restriction to the male pin 21, so as to prevent the male pin 21 in the receptacle 2 from shifting. The insulator 13 of the present embodiment is generally applied to a connector having a large volume, and when the connector has a small volume, the insulator has a small volume, and it is difficult to design and manufacture the baffle 132.

Referring to fig. 11 again, when the diameter of the through hole of the insulator 13 is equal to the outer diameter of the male pin 21 of the connector, that is, when the through hole of the insulator 13 is matched with the outer circle of the male pin 21 of the connector, the through hole is a circular hole (that is, the circular hole at the most middle part in fig. 11), and the diameter of the through hole is matched with the outer diameter of the male pin 21 of the matched connector (that is, the male pin 21 of the socket 2), so as to receive and position the male pin 21 of the socket 2 (the diameters are equal and not mathematically absolute equal, but the outer diameters of the through hole of the insulator 13 and the male pin 21 can be matched in engineering practice); at this time, the positioning channel includes a rectangular hole 133; the rectangular hole 133 penetrates through the insulator body in the axial direction of the insulator 13, and the length of the rectangular hole 133 in the first direction is adapted to the width of the inner conductor 12; the width of the rectangular hole 133 along the second direction is matched with the thickness of the inner conductor 12; the through hole of the insulator 13 is adapted to be matched with the inner conductor 12 of another connector connected to the connector, in this embodiment, the other connector is the socket 2, and the inner conductor of the other connector is the male pin 21, so that the through hole of the insulator 13 is adapted to be matched with the male pin 21 of the socket 2, and the insulator 13 (refer to fig. 11) with another structure of this embodiment is generally applied to a connector with a smaller volume.

At this time, the diameter of the through hole is larger than the width (distance in the second direction) of the cross section of the rectangular hole 133 and smaller than the length (distance in the first direction) of the cross section of the rectangular hole 133; the rectangular hole 133 is matched with the inner conductor 12 and used for accommodating the inner conductor 12, meanwhile, the rectangular hole 133 can also limit the width direction and the thickness direction of the inner conductor 12, so that when a customer installs the adapter 1 and the socket 2 in a skewed manner, the elastic sheet 1b can be prevented from deforming, the male pin and the inner conductor 12 are prevented from being matched to generate deviation, and the elastic sheet 1b can be prevented from being plastically deformed or broken. And the axis of the rectangular hole 133 coincides with the axis of the through hole; the through hole provides a necessary space for accommodating the male pin 21 in the socket 2, and can also play a limiting role in the male pin 21, so that the male pin is prevented from being greatly deviated.

Similarly, with continued reference to fig. 12 in conjunction with fig. 11 and 14, the positioning channel including the rectangular aperture 133 includes a pre-press groove 136. In the embodiment shown in fig. 11, the pre-pressing groove 136 may also be disposed on an inner wall of the rectangular hole 133 for contacting the supporting surface 1c of the inner conductor 12, a groove-shaped structure is formed on the inner wall, and the pre-pressing groove is disposed near one end of the insulator 13 for inserting the inner conductor 12, and the length of the cross section of the pre-pressing groove 136 is also greater than the length of the cross section of the rectangular hole 133, which is specifically described in the embodiment shown in fig. 9 and will not be described again.

Further, referring to fig. 14, the positioning channel further includes a positioning groove 137, and the positioning groove 137 is disposed on an inner wall of the positioning channel for contacting the supporting surface 1c of the inner conductor 12; the width of the longitudinal section of the positioning groove 137 is smaller than that of the longitudinal section of the positioning channel, and is located in the middle of the width section of the longitudinal section of the positioning channel. When the positioning channel having the rectangular hole 133 is used, the positioning groove 137 is used to position the inner conductor 12 to the middle position of the rectangular hole 133, so as to facilitate the installation of the inner conductor 12 and prevent the inner conductor 12 from shifting during the installation process. The rectangular hole 133 and the positioning groove 137 are chamfered at the mouth of the insertion end of the inner conductor 12, and can play a role of pre-guiding when the inner conductor 12 is inserted into the insulator 13. In the embodiment shown in fig. 14, the longitudinal section of the positioning groove 137 is trapezoidal and is located at the middle position of the rectangular hole 133, since the width (wide part) of the trapezoidal structure at the port of the insulator 13 is wider than the width (narrow part) of the insulator 13, when the inner conductor 12 is assembled, the inner conductor 12 is firstly located at the wide part of the trapezoid, and as the installation is continued, the inner conductor 12 moves to the narrow part of the trapezoid, and the inner conductor 12 is gradually positioned to the middle position of the rectangular hole 133 under the guidance of the trapezoidal positioning groove 137, and at this time, the positioning groove 137 has the function of further guiding and positioning, and at the same time, a good positioning effect is still obtained in the case that the width of the positioning groove 137 and the thickness of the material of the sheet-shaped inner conductor 12 are in error. Of course, the positioning groove is not limited to a trapezoid structure, but may also be a half-oval structure, or even a triangular structure, as long as the width at the end of the insulator 13 is larger than the width inside the insulator 13, and the function of positioning and guiding is satisfied, all of which belong to the scope of the positioning groove 137 in this embodiment.

It should be understood that, in the embodiment, it is preferable to combine the positioning groove 137 and the pre-pressing groove 136 into a structure, please refer to the structure of the longitudinal section shown in fig. 14 to better explain the trapezoid structure of the positioning groove 137 to show the positioning and guiding functions of the positioning groove 137; referring to the structure of the pre-pressing groove 136 shown in fig. 11, it can be well shown that the pre-pressing groove 136 has a concave design for pre-pressing and guiding the inner conductor 12 to be installed in the insulator 13. Of course, in other embodiments, the positioning groove 137 and the pre-pressing groove 136 may not be combined, for example, only the positioning groove 137 or only the pre-pressing groove 136 may be designed, or the positioning groove 137 and the pre-pressing groove 136 may be designed separately.

If the positioning groove 137 is designed separately from the pre-pressing groove 136, preferably, referring to the embodiment shown in fig. 15, the pre-pressing groove 136 is disposed at the mounting end of the insulator 13 where the inner conductor 12 is mounted, and the positioning groove 137 is disposed at the upper axial portion of the pre-pressing groove 136 (where the upper portion is in the up-down direction shown in fig. 15). When the inner conductor 12 is assembled, the inner conductor is pre-pressed into the insulator 13 through the pre-pressing groove 136, a left-right deviation (i.e., left-right direction in fig. 15) is generally generated after the inner conductor 12 gradually enters the insulator 13, the left-right direction of the inner conductor 12 needs to be limited, and the positioning groove 137 is further provided to prevent an installation error due to an error in the size of each inner conductor 12 or an installation operation (human or machine operation) when the inner conductor 12 is installed. It should be understood that the positioning slot 137 is a variable cross-section structure, and the variable cross-section structure makes the width L1 of the positioning end of the rectangular hole 133 smaller than the width L2 of the movable end of the rectangular hole 133, and at the same time, the L1 is concentric with the slot of the L2, when the inner conductor 12 is installed inside the insulator 13, the L2 reserves a certain movable space, and the elastic piece 1b of the inner conductor 12 is prevented from touching the side wall of the rectangular hole 133 in the movable end region of the width L2 and being blocked in the rectangular hole 133. Of course, in other embodiments, the rectangular hole 133 may also be provided with a plurality of positioning slots, such as a positioning end width L1, a middle section width L3, and a movable end L2, wherein L1 < L2 < L3, i.e., a stepped variable cross-section slot. The structure in which the positioning groove 137 and the pre-pressing groove 136 are separately designed is also used for the slide groove 131 shown in fig. 9 of this embodiment.

Preferably, when the insulator 13 is manufactured, the problem of impedance matching of the whole rf signal transmission connection system is also considered, please refer to fig. 4, in order to complete the matching of high impedance, low impedance and standard impedance to ensure the whole matching requirement of the rf signal transmission connection system, it is necessary to design the impedance of the adaptor portion including the section of the insulator 13, and further, it is necessary to perform structural optimization on the insulator 13, and the following describes the case of the optimized insulator 13. Taking the insulator 13 on the right side in fig. 4 as an example, and as shown in fig. 12, the insulator 13 includes a front insulator 1g, a middle insulator 1h, and a rear insulator 1i, all of which are of a solid-of-revolution structure; wherein the insulator 13 is a rear portion toward an end for connection with other connectors; the front insulator 1g and the rear insulator 1i are respectively located at both ends of the intermediate insulator 1 h; the front insulator 1g, the intermediate insulator 1h, and the rear insulator 1i are penetrated by the through hole and the positioning passage; the outer diameters of the intermediate insulator 1h, the rear insulator 1i, and the front insulator 1g are sequentially increased, so that the transmission line has a low impedance at the rear insulator 1i section and a standard impedance at the intermediate insulator 1h section. It is to be understood that the assembly of the inner conductor 12 is performed in the order of installation from the front insulator 1g, the intermediate insulator 1h, and finally to the rear insulator 1 i.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 12, in order to meet the requirements of impedance matching and installation, the through hole may also be in the form of a stepped hole; the diameter D1 (i.e. the diameter of the movable end of the insulator 13 fitted with the male pin 21) of the through hole on the front insulator 1g and/or the middle insulator 1h is larger than the diameter D2 (i.e. the diameter of the positioning end of the insulator 13 fitted with the male pin 21) on the rear insulator 1i, i.e. D1 > D2, when the male pin 21 of the socket 2 is installed, the male pin 21 first enters the installation positioning end, and D2 plays a role in positioning the male pin 21, so that the male pin 21 does not deviate radially, and the position of the male pin 21 is limited, meanwhile, when the male pin 21 enters the movable end section, since D1 is larger than D2, the movable end section allows the fitted male pin 21 to deviate by a certain angle, so that the male pin 21 has a certain movable range, and the male pin 21 is not damaged by jamming the male pin 21 to a certain angle. Of course, the diameter of the through hole in the front insulator 1g and the intermediate insulator 1h may be smaller than that in the rear insulator 1i, or the male pin 21 may be inserted with a certain inclination. Similarly, a chamfer is provided at the mounting and positioning port portion, and the chamfer is flared and has a function of guiding the insertion of the male pin 21.

Preferably, referring to fig. 15, the positioning channel is also a stepped hole, and the width or length of the cross section of the positioning channel on the front insulator 1g is smaller than the width or length of the cross section on the middle insulator 1h and/or the rear insulator 1 i. Of course, in other embodiments, the through hole and the positioning channel may not be in the form of a stepped hole at the same time, only the through hole may be in the form of a stepped hole, or only the positioning channel may be in the form of a stepped hole. In the embodiment of fig. 15, the positioning channel is a positioning channel comprising a rectangular hole 133, the width of the cross section of the rectangular hole 133 on the front insulator 1g is smaller than the width of the cross section of the middle insulator 1h and the cross section of the rear insulator 1i, i.e. L1 < L2, so that the width and the length are adjusted according to the impedance matching requirement, the smaller L1 is, and the larger L2 is when the impedance of the rectangular hole 133 in the front insulator 1g area is smaller, the larger L2 is, the larger the impedance of the rectangular hole 133 in the middle insulator 1h and the rear insulator 1i area is, and actually, the technology in the art can adjust L1 and L2 according to the actual impedance matching requirement. In addition, the effect of the positioning groove 137 is satisfied at the same time by the arrangement, and the arrangement of the stepped hole of the rectangular hole 133 in the width of the cross section is similar to the design of the positioning groove 137, and the rectangular hole 133 is improved in the width of the cross section, and the installation effect is as described above, and is not described again here. Meanwhile, the portion of the rectangular hole 133 on the front insulator 1g functions to position the inner conductor 12 in the thickness direction of the inner conductor 12, and the portion of the rectangular hole 133 on the rear insulator 1i may form a gap with the inner conductor 12, thereby allowing the elastic piece on the inner conductor 12 to be freely opened and retracted. Of course, this can also be provided in the positioning channel containing the slide groove 131.

Further, as shown in fig. 12, the length H1 of the cross section of the rectangular hole 133 on the front insulator 1g is larger than the length H2 of the cross section of the middle insulator 1H and the rear insulator 1 i. Wherein H1 is the length of the cross section of the pre-stressed end of the insulator 13 mounting the inner conductor 12, and H2 is the length of the cross section of the positioning channel of the insulator 13 mounting the inner conductor 12, such that H1 > H2. Similarly, so set up, have satisfied the demand that the impedance matches on the one hand, and conveniently satisfied the installation demand of the inner conductor 12 on the other hand, when installing the inner conductor 12, guide the inner conductor 12 to the central position of the positioning channel of the insulator 13 through the pre-pressing groove 136 with two shell fragments 1b of the inner conductor 12, in order to guarantee the installation accuracy of the inner conductor 12, and in fact, regarding the stepped hole setting of the rectangular hole 133 on the length of cross section and the design of the pre-pressing groove 136 are similar, improve the rectangular hole 133 on the length of cross section, in order to achieve the effect of pre-assembling.

In addition, in order to reduce the relative dielectric constant at the front insulator 1g and further adjust the impedance, two non-standard through holes 134 are further oppositely arranged in the axial direction of the front insulator 1g under the premise that the diameter of the through hole is not changed, specifically, the through hole 134 with other shapes may be a rectangular through hole, an oval through hole, or a through hole with other shapes. The non-standard through holes 134 are distributed on two sides of the through holes and are overlapped with the through holes; as can be seen from fig. 11 and 12, the non-standard through hole 134 allows the front insulator 1g to form a larger void inside, thereby having a lower relative dielectric constant. The purpose of the through hole is to reduce the relative dielectric constant of the through hole, adjust impedance, reduce the use of materials, ensure that the thicknesses of different parts of the adapter insulator are uniform and the injection molding process is good. Meanwhile, the non-standard through hole 134 enables different sections of the radio frequency signal transmission connection system to be axially communicated, internal air can circulate, the heat transfer effect inside the connector is good, and higher working power can be transmitted.

In order to further improve the ability of the insulator 13 to adjust impedance matching, please refer to fig. 13, a cross section 135 formed by removing material is further formed on a side surface of the rear insulator 1i, according to different requirements, two symmetrically arranged cross sections 135 are formed on the insulator 13, the two cross sections 135 are a part of two parallel planes having a distance smaller than the diameter of the rear insulator 1i and larger than the width of the cross section of the positioning channel, meanwhile, the distance between the two cross sections 135 may also be larger or smaller than the diameter of the middle insulator 1h, the cross section 135 may reduce the relative permittivity at the position, adjust impedance, and reduce the use of material, so that the thickness of different parts of the insulator 13 is uniform, and the injection molding process is good. In fact, the distance between the sections 135 may be only larger than the width of the cross section of the positioning channel, for example, when the distance between the sections is smaller than the width of the cross section of the positioning channel, the distance may be smaller than the outer diameter of the insulator, that is, the sections 135 may be located only at any one section of the front insulator 1g, the middle insulator 1h, and the rear insulator 1i, or at any two sections thereof, or may extend through the whole insulator. In addition, a set of cross sections similar to those of the rear insulator 1i may be provided on the side surface of the front insulator 1g, and two cross sections of the side surface of the front insulator 1g are symmetrically arranged (not shown), but the distance between the two cross sections on the front insulator 1g is larger than the diameter of the rear insulator 1i and smaller than the diameter of the front insulator 1 g. In practical use, the two sections on the front insulator 1g can be applied to automatic assembly, that is, the alignment angle between the automatic assembly fixture and the insulator 13 and the inner conductor 12 can be easily calculated by measuring the included angle or the relative position between the two sections and the positioning channel inside the insulator 13, which is beneficial to improving the speed of automatic identification and installation. In fact, the distance between the two sections on the front insulator 1g may be smaller than or equal to the diameter of the rear insulator 1i, for example, the distance may be located on both the front insulator 1g and the rear insulator 1i, or may extend through the entire insulator, as long as the distance between the two sections 135 is smaller than the diameter of the front insulator 1 g. The cross-section here may be mechanically identical or similar to the cross-section 135 described above, but may have a different function and purpose.

Further, referring to fig. 2, 12 and 16, as shown in fig. 12, the front insulator 1g of the insulator 13 includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder, the first cylinder is located near an end surface of the insulator 13, an outer diameter of the first cylinder is smaller than an outer diameter of the second cylinder, and a slope transition section 11g is formed between the outer diameters of the first cylinder and the second cylinder. Taking the example of the insulator 13 in fig. 12, the insulator 13 in fig. 12 is the insulator 13 on the right side in fig. 2, and the insulator 13 in fig. 16 is an enlarged view of the dotted line in fig. 12. The outer conductor 11 is provided with an outer conductor inner hole fitting barb 112 at a fixed position, and when the insulator 13 is fitted with the outer conductor 11, the front insulator 1g is first installed into the outer conductor 11 from the right side (taking the right adapter insulator in fig. 2 as an example), and then the first cylinder of the front insulator 1g is in clearance fit (or interference fit with a relatively small interference) with the installation barbs 112 of the outer conductor 11, the second cylinder is in contact with or interference fit with the installation barbs 112 of the outer conductor 11, when the front insulator 1g is moved from the right to the left (where the left-right direction is the left-right direction in fig. 16), upon encountering the outer conductor installation barb 112, the first cylinder may continue to move while the second cylinder stops moving by interference fit of the sloped transition segment 11g with the outer conductor installation barb 112, at which point the outer conductor 11 axially locates the insulator 13 via the outer conductor installation barb 112 at a predetermined location on the outer conductor 11. At this point, the outer conductor mounting barbs 112 have an interference fit with the ramped transition 11g, and the adapter insulator and outer conductor 11 are still well positioned and engaged in the axial direction when the axial mounting distance is incorrect. In the prior art, the first cylinder and the second cylinder are in a step-shaped connecting structure, when the insulator is installed, if the front insulator 1g is not installed at a preset position, the outer conductor installation barb 112 cannot be clamped at the position of the step with the suddenly-changed large and small diameter, so that the insulator 13 is instable to install and cannot be axially positioned, and is easy to axially float in the later use process; if the pressing force is too large during installation, the adapter insulator is arranged in the adapter to be too deep, so that the abutting force between the step position with the sudden change of the large diameter and the outer conductor installation barb 112 is too large, and the cylinder (the second cylinder) with the large diameter is damaged at the position of the sudden change step, so that the insulator 13 is not stably installed; if the press-in force is too large during installation, the outer conductor installation barb 112 is in interference fit with the large-diameter cylinder, and the large-diameter cylinder (second cylinder) is broken due to too large interference, the adapter is damaged and cannot work, in short, the stepped front insulator 1g must be accurately positioned in the axial direction during installation, otherwise, the stepped front insulator is easily misaligned with the outer conductor barb fit section 112, and then bad results are generated, and the axial installation error cannot be allowed.

The insulator 13 in the present embodiment may be applied to the adaptor 1, the socket 2, or other types of connectors. When the insulator 13 of the present embodiment is applied to other types of connectors, the analogy can be made from the present embodiment, and the description is omitted.

The adaptor outer conductor 11 in this embodiment may be provided to the customer with other parts of the adaptor, or/and the socket housing 25 may be provided to the customer with other parts of the socket; the customer may also use the holes of the metal cavity parts of the modules such as filters to realize the functions of the outer conductor 11 and/or the socket housing 25; or the customer designs the outer conductor 11 or/and the socket housing 25 separately, for example, the number of elements of the array antenna in 5G communication is large (generally 64, 128, 256 or other numbers), a large number of connection systems are required, and the customer can design a metal plate with a corresponding number of holes instead of a plurality of the adaptor outer conductors 11 or/and the socket housing 25, so as to reduce the cost and facilitate the installation. In the latter two cases, it is only necessary to provide parts or subassemblies to the customer other than the adapter outer conductor 11 or/and the jack housing 25.

In the adaptor insulator 13 of the present embodiment, one, two, or more adaptor insulators 13 may be provided in the adaptor; and/or the socket may be provided with one, two, or more socket insulators 24.

The adaptor provided in this embodiment further includes a change in shape, please refer to fig. 17 to 19, where the cross section of the inner conductor 12 and/or the male pin 21 is a first structure, and the cross section of the inner hole of the outer conductor 11 and/or the housing 25 is a second structure; the cross-sectional profile of the outer conductor 11 and/or the housing 25 is a third configuration; the cross section of the inner hole of the adapter insulator 13 and/or the socket insulator 24 is a fourth structure; the cross-sectional profile of the adapter insulator 13 and/or the socket insulator 24 is a fifth configuration. Generally, the inner bore cross-section of the adapter insulator 13 is configured to receive and mate with the inner conductor 12, i.e., the first configuration is the same as the fourth configuration; the cross-sectional profile of the adaptor insulator 13 is configured to be received by and match the inner bore of the adaptor outer conductor 11, i.e., the second configuration is the same as the fifth configuration. Of course, the cross section of the inner hole of the adapter insulator 13 and the cross section of the inner conductor 12 may not be the same structure at all times, and do not need to match with each other, as long as they can be clamped and positioned with each other, that is, the first structure is different from the fourth structure; the cross-sectional profile of the adapter insulator 13 and the cross-sectional profile of the inner bore of the outer conductor 11 may not be of the same configuration, and need not be matched with each other, as long as they can be clamped and positioned with each other, and the second configuration is different from the fifth configuration. The first structure, the second structure, the third structure, the fourth structure and the fifth structure can be any one or combination of a plurality of structures such as a circle, a triangle, a rectangle, a polygon, an ellipse and the like. The inner hole of the outer conductor 11 for accommodating the adaptor insulator 13 in the radio frequency adaptor provided by the embodiment is a round hole and is matched with the adaptor insulator 13 with a square hole, and the cross section of the inner conductor 12 is rectangular; or the inner hole of the outer conductor 11 for accommodating the adapter insulator 13 is a square hole (or other polygonal shape), and the outer part of the adapter insulator 13 is a square (or a shape matched with the outer conductor 11), the inner hole of the adapter insulator 13 is a circle, and the inner conductor can be a conventional cylindrical inner conductor; or the inner hole of the outer conductor 11 for accommodating the adapter insulator 13 is a square hole (or other polygon) to improve the applicable scene of the radio frequency connector, and the inner conductor 12 has a rectangular cross section and is matched with the adapter insulator 13 with the square hole (or other polygon). Of course, the adapter insulator 13 may be adapted to change in accordance with changes in the inner conductor 12. When the cross section of the inner hole of the outer conductor 11 and the cross section of the inner conductor 12 are both circular coaxial structures, radio frequency signals are transmitted in the adapter in a TEM mode, the transmission distance of the signals is long, and the loss is small; when the cross section of the inner hole of the outer conductor 11 and/or the cross section of the inner conductor 12 are/is a non-circular structure, the radio frequency signal propagates in the adapter in a quasi-TEM mode wave, that is, the radio frequency signal mainly propagates in a TEM mode in the adapter in a form of a small number of waves containing other modes, the transmission distance of the signal is still long, and the loss is small. When the shapes of the inner hole and the cross section of the outer conductor 11 are the same, namely the second structure is the same as the third structure, the wall thickness of the outer conductor is uniform, the outer conductor is suitable for one of the processes of turning, casting, stamping, deep drawing and the like, or is directly manufactured by using a pipe, and various processing processes can be selected; when the inner hole and the cross section of the outer conductor 11 are different in appearance, the wall thickness of the outer conductor is not uniform, the outer conductor is only suitable for processing in technologies such as turning and casting, can not be manufactured by one of stamping, deep drawing and deep drawing technologies, and can not be manufactured by directly utilizing a pipe, so that the processing efficiency is low, the material consumption is high, and the cost is high. Similarly, the shape of the socket 2 in this embodiment may also be changed in the same way as the adapter 1, the socket 2 has the same working principle as the adapter 1, and the parts may be processed in the same way, so as to achieve the same effect.

In summary, the present invention provides a connector, including: a housing, an inner conductor, and a connector insulator; the inner conductor is arranged in the shell, the connector insulator is positioned in the shell and sleeved outside the inner conductor, the connector insulator comprises an insulator body, a through hole and a positioning channel, and the through hole is formed in the insulator body along the axial direction of the connector insulator and used for accommodating the inner conductor; the positioning channel is arranged in the insulator body along a first direction, the length of the positioning channel along the first direction is greater than the diameter of the through hole, the width of the positioning channel along a second direction is smaller than the diameter of the through hole, the first direction and the second direction are both perpendicular to the axial direction of the connector insulator, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; the positioning channel is used for clamping a supporting surface on the inner conductor and positioning a side plane adjacent to the supporting surface. With this configuration, when the inner conductor is mounted in the insulator, the width direction of the inner conductor coincides with the length direction of the positioning channel in the first direction, and the thickness direction of the inner conductor coincides with the width direction of the positioning channel in the second direction, and at this time, the inner conductor is mounted in the positioning channel to position the inner conductor by the insulator, thereby preventing the inner conductor from being greatly deflected.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, so that any changes and modifications that may be made by one skilled in the art based on the above disclosure are within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A connector, characterized in that the connector comprises:

a housing;

an inner conductor disposed inside the housing; and

the insulator is positioned in the shell and sleeved outside the inner conductor, and comprises an insulator body, a through hole and a positioning channel, wherein the through hole is formed in the insulator body along the axial direction of the insulator; the positioning channel is arranged in the insulator body along a first direction, the length of the positioning channel along the first direction is greater than the diameter of the through hole, the width of the positioning channel along a second direction is smaller than the diameter of the through hole, the first direction and the second direction are both perpendicular to the axial direction of the insulator, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other;

wherein the through hole and the positioning channel are used for accommodating the inner conductor; the positioning channel is used for clamping a supporting surface on the inner conductor and positioning a side plane adjacent to the supporting surface.

2. The connector of claim 1, wherein a length of the positioning channel in the first direction is adapted to a width of the inner conductor; the width of the positioning channel along the second direction is matched with the thickness of the inner conductor.

3. The connector of claim 2, wherein the insulator includes two opposing baffles, the baffles extending in the second direction and toward the center of the through hole, the length direction of the baffles corresponding to the length direction of the through hole, and the baffles being offset from the positioning channel.

4. The connector of claim 2, wherein the positioning channel comprises a rectangular hole that extends through the insulator body in an axial direction of the insulator, a length of the rectangular hole in the first direction being adapted to a width of the inner conductor; the width of the rectangular hole along the second direction is matched with the thickness of the inner conductor; the through hole of the insulator is used for being matched with the inner conductor of other connectors connected with the connector.

5. The connector according to claim 1, wherein the positioning channel includes a pre-press groove forming a groove-shaped structure on an inner wall of the positioning channel for contacting the supporting surface of the inner conductor, the pre-press groove being provided near an end of the insulator for mounting the inner conductor; the length of the cross section of the pre-pressing groove is greater than that of the cross section of the contact position of the positioning channel and the inner conductor; the end, facing the inner conductor to be installed, of the pre-pressing groove is a mouth part, and the mouth part of the pre-pressing groove is provided with a chamfer; and/or the prepressing groove is in a trapezoidal structure with a large opening part and a small inner part along the axial direction of the insulator.

6. The connector of claim 1, wherein the positioning channel includes a positioning slot disposed on an inner wall of the positioning channel for contacting the support surface of the inner conductor; the width of the longitudinal section of the positioning groove is smaller than that of the longitudinal section of the positioning channel, and the positioning groove is positioned in the middle of the width section of the longitudinal section of the positioning channel.

7. The connector of claim 1, wherein the side of the insulator has two oppositely disposed sections spaced apart by a distance less than the diameter of the insulator and greater than the width of the cross-section of the positioning channel.

8. The connector of claim 1, wherein said insulator comprises a front insulator, a middle insulator and a rear insulator, each of which is of solid-of-revolution construction; wherein the insulator is rearward toward an end for connection with another connector;

the front insulator and the rear insulator are respectively positioned at both ends of the middle insulator;

the front insulator, the middle insulator and the rear insulator are penetrated by the through hole and the positioning channel;

the outer diameters of the intermediate insulator, the rear insulator, and the front insulator are sequentially increased.

9. The connector of claim 8, wherein the through-hole and/or the positioning channel is a stepped hole;

the diameter of the through hole on the front insulator and/or the middle insulator is larger or smaller than that on the rear insulator;

the width or length of the cross section of the positioning channel on the front insulator is smaller than that of the cross section on the middle insulator and/or the rear insulator.

10. The connector of claim 8, wherein the front insulator is further provided with two non-standard through holes in opposite axial directions, and the two non-standard through holes are distributed on both sides of the through hole and overlap with the through hole.

11. The connector of claim 8, wherein the side of the rear insulator has two symmetrically arranged cross sections; the distance between the two sections is larger than the width of the cross section of the positioning channel;

and/or the side surface of the front insulator is provided with two symmetrically arranged sections; the spacing between the two sections is less than the diameter of the front insulator.

12. The connector of claim 8, wherein the front insulator includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder, the first cylinder being located adjacent to an end face of the insulator, the first cylinder having an outer diameter smaller than an outer diameter of the second cylinder, the first cylinder and the second cylinder forming a sloped transition therebetween.

13. The connector of claim 1, wherein the inner conductor is an elongated plate-like structure.

14. The connector of claim 1, wherein the inner conductor is formed using a stamping process.

15. The connector of claim 1, wherein the housing is fabricated using one of a stamping, deep drawing, and deep drawing process, or is fabricated directly from tubing.

16. The connector of claim 1, wherein the housing includes a collar, the collar being formed using a upsetting process.

17. The connector of claim 1, wherein the inner conductor has a cross-section in a first configuration; the cross section of the inner hole of the shell is of a second structure; the cross-sectional profile of the housing is a third configuration.