CN111369806A - Method and device for photographing, measuring speed and identifying license plate of freight train - Google Patents
Method and device for photographing, measuring speed and identifying license plate of freight train Download PDFInfo
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- CN111369806A CN111369806A CN202010170381.3A CN202010170381A CN111369806A CN 111369806 A CN111369806 A CN 111369806A CN 202010170381 A CN202010170381 A CN 202010170381A CN 111369806 A CN111369806 A CN 111369806A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/017—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles
- G08G1/0175—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles by photographing vehicles, e.g. when violating traffic rules
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
- G06F18/20—Analysing
- G06F18/24—Classification techniques
- G06F18/241—Classification techniques relating to the classification model, e.g. parametric or non-parametric approaches
- G06F18/2411—Classification techniques relating to the classification model, e.g. parametric or non-parametric approaches based on the proximity to a decision surface, e.g. support vector machines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/20—Image preprocessing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
- G06V20/60—Type of objects
- G06V20/62—Text, e.g. of license plates, overlay texts or captions on TV images
- G06V20/63—Scene text, e.g. street names
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/052—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for determining speed or overspeed
- G08G1/054—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for determining speed or overspeed photographing overspeeding vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
- G06V20/60—Type of objects
- G06V20/62—Text, e.g. of license plates, overlay texts or captions on TV images
- G06V20/625—License plates
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for photographing, measuring speed and identifying license plates of freight trains, wherein the method comprises the following steps: continuously photographing the side surface of the carriage after the freight train enters the photographable area; processing the photo; recognizing the contour of a carriage on the photo and marking the contour as a first rectangle; calculating the moving speed of the first rectangle; recognizing the outline of the license plate in the first rectangle and marking the outline of the license plate as a second rectangle; and identifying the license plate number in the second rectangle. According to the invention, the side of the carriage is continuously photographed, and the vehicle speed can be measured and the license plate can be recognized simultaneously by only one camera, so that the construction cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the algorithm complexity is reduced by improving the method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a photographing and speed measuring technology for freight trains, in particular to a photographing and speed measuring and license plate identification method and device for freight trains.
Background
In the operation of freight trains, positioning, stopping alignment and automatic protection are required, so that the requirement on the accuracy of train speed measurement is high. The traditional method generally utilizes Doppler radar wave reflection, infrared induction or an underground coil to measure the speed, and has lower accuracy.
In the prior art, chinese patent CN201010175579.7 discloses a method for measuring speed between vehicle sections, which detects the passing time of a vehicle through monitoring terminals arranged at two ends of a fixed section in a road, thereby calculating the average speed of the vehicle in the section. Since this method measures an average speed, it cannot detect the speed of the vehicle over a short distance; in addition, the speed measurement method needs at least two monitoring terminals each time, and huge working pressure exists in the erection of the speed measurement terminals. In addition, when the freight train enters the field, a camera is required to be separately installed to identify the license plate number, and the method is a great investment for the construction cost.
In conclusion, how to simultaneously complete the speed measurement of the freight train and the identification of the license plate number becomes an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a freight train photographing speed measuring and license plate identifying method and device which can finish speed measurement of a freight train and identification of a license plate of the freight train at the same time.
The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
According to one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method for photographing, measuring speed and identifying license plates of a freight train, which comprises the following steps: continuously photographing the side surface of the carriage after the freight train enters the photographable area; processing the photo; recognizing the contour of a carriage on the photo and marking the contour as a first rectangle; calculating the moving speed of the first rectangle; recognizing the outline of the license plate in the first rectangle and marking the outline of the license plate as a second rectangle; and identifying the license plate number in the second rectangle.
In one embodiment, the continuously photographing the side of the car after the freight train enters the photographable area according to the method comprises: and judging whether the freight train completely enters the photographing area, and continuously photographing the side surface of the carriage at the speed of 30-120 frames per second after the freight train completely enters the lens range until the freight train reaches the edge of the photographing area.
In an embodiment, the processing the photo of the method includes: firstly, carrying out gray level processing on the picture, then carrying out binarization processing, and finally carrying out noise reduction processing.
In one embodiment, said identifying the contour of the car on the photograph and labeling as a first rectangle of the method comprises: and finding the wave crest and the wave trough of the pixel point array by using a projection method along the x direction and the y direction, and marking the minimum external rectangle of the carriage as a first rectangle by taking the wave crest position as the contour edge of the carriage.
In one embodiment, said calculating the moving speed of the first rectangle of the method comprises: and selecting the center of the first rectangle, comparing the positions of the centers of the front and rear photos, calculating the displacement of the center of the face, and calculating the moving speed of the center of the face along the x direction.
In one embodiment, the identifying a license plate outline within a first rectangle and labeling as a second rectangle of the method comprises: and finding the wave crests and the wave troughs of the pixel point array by using a projection method for the first rectangle along the x direction and the y direction, and marking the minimum external rectangle of the license plate as a second rectangle by taking the position of the wave troughs as the outline edge of the license plate.
In one embodiment, the license plate outline is recognized in the first rectangle and marked as the second rectangle, and the picture when the second rectangle runs to the center of the picture is taken as a processing object.
In one embodiment, the identifying of the license plate number within the second rectangle of the method comprises: separating characters in the second rectangle; the single character is recognized using a support vector machine algorithm.
In an embodiment, the continuously photographing the side of the car after the freight train enters the photographable area further includes: and judging whether the current illumination brightness reaches the standard or not according to the brightness of the first picture, and supplementing light by using a flash lamp when the brightness is too dark.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a device for photographing, measuring speed and recognizing license plate of freight train, comprising: the photographing module is used for continuously photographing the side face of the carriage after the freight train enters the photographing area; the picture processing module is used for processing the pictures; the carriage outline recognition module is used for recognizing the carriage outline on the photo and marking the carriage outline as a first rectangle; the vehicle speed calculation module is used for calculating the moving speed of the first rectangle; the license plate outline recognition module is used for recognizing the license plate outline in the first rectangle and marking the license plate outline as a second rectangle; and the license plate number identification module is used for identifying the license plate number in the second rectangle.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: through continuously taking pictures of the side face of the carriage, the vehicle speed can be measured and the license plate can be identified simultaneously only by one camera, and the construction cost is reduced. By improving the method, the algorithm complexity is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
The above features and advantages of the present disclosure will be better understood upon reading the detailed description of embodiments of the disclosure in conjunction with the following drawings. In the drawings, components are not necessarily drawn to scale, and components having similar relative characteristics or features may have the same or similar reference numerals.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a photograph after processing;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the projection method for recognizing the contour of the carriage along the y direction for the processed photo;
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. It is noted that the aspects described below in connection with the figures and the specific embodiments are only exemplary and should not be construed as imposing any limitation on the scope of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a method for photographing, measuring speed and identifying license plates of a freight train, which comprises the following steps: s101, continuously photographing the side face of the carriage after the freight train enters a photographable area; s102, processing the picture; s103, recognizing the contour of the carriage on the photo and marking the contour as a first rectangle; s104, calculating the moving speed of the first rectangle; s105, recognizing the license plate outline in the first rectangle and marking the license plate outline as a second rectangle; and S106, identifying the license plate number in the second rectangle.
S101, after the freight train enters the shooting area, continuously shooting the side face of the carriage specifically comprises the following steps: and judging whether the freight train completely enters the photographing area, and continuously photographing the side surface of the carriage at the speed of 30-120 frames per second after the freight train completely enters the lens range until the freight train reaches the edge of the photographing area. And judging whether the freight train completely enters the photographing area can be realized by arranging photoelectric sensors at two ends of the detection area.
The existing vehicle speed identification photographing is to acquire a vehicle picture according to a standard PAL system video 25 frames per second, but the embodiment of the invention adopts a frequency of 60 frames per second to acquire an image, so that the accuracy of speed measurement is improved.
Preferably, in order to ensure the photographing quality when the lighting condition is not good, whether the current lighting brightness reaches the standard or not may be determined according to the brightness of the first photo, for example, a brightness threshold may be set, and when the brightness is lower than the threshold, light is supplemented by a flash lamp, and the light supplementing frequency of the flash lamp is consistent with the photographing frequency.
S102, processing the picture comprises: firstly, carrying out gray level processing on the picture, then carrying out binarization processing, and finally carrying out noise reduction processing. An alternative method of binarization is: converting the image into an HSV image; acquiring a V channel image; the contrast is improved; removing noise by Gaussian filtering; selecting a threshold value; and (5) binarizing the image. The purpose of noise reduction processing is to reduce noise points, the noise points are a few white pixel points in a pile of dense black pixel points in a picture, the solution method can be to traverse the pixel points, 8 pixel points are arranged around one pixel point, and if more than 6 pixel points are black around the pixel point, the pixel point can be considered as black.
In this embodiment, the step S103 of recognizing the contour of the car on the photo and marking the contour as the first rectangle specifically includes: and finding the wave crest and the wave trough of the pixel point array by using a projection method along the x direction and the y direction, and marking the minimum external rectangle of the carriage as a first rectangle by taking the wave crest position as the contour edge of the carriage. The process is shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, and fig. 2 is a photograph schematic diagram after processing; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the projection method for recognizing the contour of the carriage along the y direction for the processed photo; the edge of the carriage contour in the x direction can be found by projecting the pixel point peak edge, and similarly, the edge of the carriage contour in the y direction can be found by using the x-direction projection method, and finally the first rectangle 201 in fig. 2 is obtained. The minimum external rectangle of the carriage can be found by using the method because the appearance of the freight train is relatively regular, the photographing position is also the train station entering and exiting position, the background is simple, and the carriage can be clearly and accurately found by using a projection method. If the shooting background is complex, finding the minimum bounding rectangle of the carriage outline can also use a findContours outline processing function in OpenCV. After the first rectangle 201 is found, the face center position 202 is determined.
S104, calculating the moving speed of the first rectangle specifically includes: reading two adjacent frames of pictures, selecting the center of face of a first rectangle as a calculation point, comparing the positions of the centers of face of the two pictures before and after, calculating the pixel displacement of the center of face of the first rectangle, establishing the mapping relation between the pixel coordinate of the image and the world coordinate of the corresponding point in space through the calibration of a camera, solving the actual displacement of the carriage according to the pixel displacement of the center of face of the first rectangle, and further calculating the train running speed by removing the actual position and photographing the interval time.
S105, recognizing the license plate outline in the first rectangle and marking the license plate outline as a second rectangle specifically comprises the following steps: and finding the wave crests and the wave troughs of the pixel point array by using a projection method for the first rectangle along the x direction and the y direction, and marking the minimum external rectangle of the license plate as a second rectangle by taking the position of the wave troughs as the outline edge of the license plate.
It should be noted that, in the above S105, the license plate outline is recognized in the first rectangle and is marked as a second rectangle, and it is preferable that the picture when the second rectangle runs to the vicinity of the center of the picture along the x-axis direction is a processing object, at this time, the license plate is directly opposite to the camera, the image is not distorted and inclined due to an angle problem, correction processing on the picture by using affine change is avoided, and further, the processing difficulty is simplified.
In this step, as the color of the freight train license plate is generally white and black, the trough position is required to be the contour edge of the license plate after the photographing treatment. In the process of recognizing the outline of the license plate, the area and the length and the width of the license plate can be input as references, and possible objects are screened by using the length-width ratio, so that a rectangle corresponding to the license plate can be easily found.
S106, identifying the license plate number in the second rectangle specifically comprises the following steps: separating characters in the second rectangle; the single character is recognized using a support vector machine algorithm. The character strings are separated because each character is cut separately for separate identification, the accuracy rate is much higher, and because the character adhesion degree on the license plate is not high, a projection method similar to the above method can be used, namely, how many black pixel points are arranged in each column on the x axis, so that an array is formed, a line drawing can be imagined aiming at the array, and the wave crests and the wave troughs are found through an algorithm for cutting. The license plate has strong edge information because characters of the license plate are relatively concentrated in the center of the license plate, and the edge of the license plate has no characters, so that the license plate area can be reduced by searching the upper, lower, left and right boundaries of the characters, and unnecessary interference is avoided. In this embodiment, an SVM (support vector machine) of opencv is used for character recognition, and the numbers are recognized after training by using a training set.
Correspondingly to the method, the invention also provides a device for photographing, measuring speed and recognizing license plates of freight trains, which comprises the following steps: the photographing module is used for continuously photographing the side face of the carriage after the freight train enters the photographing area; the picture processing module is used for processing the pictures; the carriage outline recognition module is used for recognizing the carriage outline on the photo and marking the carriage outline as a first rectangle; the vehicle speed calculation module is used for calculating the moving speed of the first rectangle; the license plate outline recognition module is used for recognizing the license plate outline in the first rectangle and marking the license plate outline as a second rectangle; and the license plate number identification module is used for identifying the license plate number in the second rectangle. The hardware time of the device can be completed by matching the camera with the computer, the photographing module corresponds to the camera, and other modules are realized in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In conclusion, the side of the carriage is continuously photographed, and the vehicle speed can be measured and the license plate can be identified at the same time by only one camera, so that the cost in the aspect of hardware is reduced. Because the shape of the freight train carriage and the license plate characters are regular, the invention reduces the difficulty of picture processing by utilizing the division of the first rectangle and the second rectangle, is realized by using simpler algorithms such as a projection method and the like as far as possible, avoids using complex methods such as a convolutional neural network and the like, and reduces the difficulty of realizing software.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
While, for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the methodologies are shown and described as a series of acts, it is to be understood and appreciated that the methodologies are not limited by the order of acts, as some acts may, in accordance with one or more embodiments, occur in different orders and/or concurrently with other acts from that shown and described herein or not shown and described herein, as would be understood by one skilled in the art.
The previous description of the disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The above description is only a preferred example of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for photographing, measuring speed and identifying license plates of freight trains is characterized by comprising the following steps: continuously photographing the side surface of the carriage after the freight train enters the photographable area; processing the photo; recognizing the contour of a carriage on the photo and marking the contour as a first rectangle; calculating the moving speed of the first rectangle; recognizing the outline of the license plate in the first rectangle and marking the outline of the license plate as a second rectangle; and identifying the license plate number in the second rectangle.
2. The freight train photographing speed measuring and license plate recognition method according to claim 1, wherein the step of continuously photographing the side of the carriage after the freight train enters the photographing area comprises the steps of: and judging whether the freight train completely enters the photographing area, and continuously photographing the side surface of the carriage at the speed of 30-120 frames per second after the freight train completely enters the lens range until the freight train reaches the edge of the photographing area.
3. The freight train photographing speed measuring and license plate recognition method according to claim 1, wherein the processing of the picture comprises: firstly, carrying out gray level processing on the picture, then carrying out binarization processing, and finally carrying out noise reduction processing.
4. The method for photographing, measuring speed and recognizing license plates of freight trains according to claim 1, wherein the step of recognizing the contour of the carriage on the picture and marking the contour as a first rectangle comprises the following steps: and finding the wave crest and the wave trough of the pixel point array by using a projection method along the x direction and the y direction, and marking the minimum external rectangle of the carriage as a first rectangle by taking the wave crest position as the contour edge of the carriage.
5. The method for photographing, measuring speed and recognizing license plates of freight trains according to claim 1, wherein the calculating of the moving speed of the first rectangle comprises: and selecting the center of the first rectangle, comparing the positions of the centers of the front and rear photos, calculating the displacement of the center of the face, and calculating the moving speed of the center of the face along the x direction.
6. The method for photographing, measuring speed and recognizing license plates of freight trains according to claim 1, wherein the step of recognizing the outline of the license plate in the first rectangle and marking the outline as the second rectangle comprises the following steps: and finding the wave crests and the wave troughs of the pixel point array by using a projection method for the first rectangle along the x direction and the y direction, and marking the minimum external rectangle of the license plate as a second rectangle by taking the position of the wave troughs as the outline edge of the license plate.
7. The method for photographing, measuring speed and identifying license plates of freight trains according to claim 1, wherein the outline of the license plate is identified in the first rectangle and marked as a second rectangle, and a picture of the second rectangle when the second rectangle runs to the center of the picture is taken as a processing object.
8. The freight train photographing speed measuring and license plate recognition method according to claim 1, wherein the recognizing of the license plate number in the second rectangle comprises: separating characters in the second rectangle; the single character is recognized using a support vector machine algorithm.
9. The freight train photographing speed measuring and license plate recognition method according to claim 2, wherein when the freight train enters the photographable area, continuously photographing the side of the carriage further comprises: and judging whether the current illumination brightness reaches the standard or not according to the brightness of the first picture, and supplementing light by using a flash lamp when the brightness is too dark.
10. The utility model provides a freight train is shot and is tested speed and license plate recognition device which characterized in that includes:
the photographing module is used for continuously photographing the side face of the carriage after the freight train enters the photographing area;
the picture processing module is used for processing the pictures;
the carriage outline recognition module is used for recognizing the carriage outline on the photo and marking the carriage outline as a first rectangle;
the vehicle speed calculation module is used for calculating the moving speed of the first rectangle;
the license plate outline recognition module is used for recognizing the license plate outline in the first rectangle and marking the license plate outline as a second rectangle;
and the license plate number identification module is used for identifying the license plate number in the second rectangle.
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| CN202010170381.3A CN111369806A (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2020-03-12 | Method and device for photographing, measuring speed and identifying license plate of freight train |
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| CN202010170381.3A CN111369806A (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2020-03-12 | Method and device for photographing, measuring speed and identifying license plate of freight train |
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Application publication date: 20200703 |
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