CN111366825A - Transformer bushing thermal bubble simulation generation device and initial temperature measurement method - Google Patents
Transformer bushing thermal bubble simulation generation device and initial temperature measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111366825A CN111366825A CN202010286620.1A CN202010286620A CN111366825A CN 111366825 A CN111366825 A CN 111366825A CN 202010286620 A CN202010286620 A CN 202010286620A CN 111366825 A CN111366825 A CN 111366825A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1218—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing using optical methods; using charged particle, e.g. electron, beams or X-rays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
- G01K7/18—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a linear resistance, e.g. platinum resistance thermometer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/003—Environmental or reliability tests
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/20—Preparation of articles or specimens to facilitate testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
- G05D23/24—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature the sensing element having a resistance varying with temperature, e.g. a thermistor
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a transformer bushing thermal bubble simulation generation device and an initial temperature measurement method. The heating device with high thermal response speed is arranged on the inner wall of the experiment cavity, so that the environment temperature of the actual transformer bushing can be well simulated and bubbles can be generated when the heating device works.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of transformer internal insulation, and particularly relates to a transformer bushing thermal bubble simulation generation device and an initial temperature measurement method.
Background
For an oil-immersed transformer with a longer operation life, the internal solid insulation damp condition is more serious, and the gas volume fraction is higher. After the load of the oil-immersed transformer is increased, the temperature inside and around the winding can be increased, and water and gas molecules are promoted to migrate and be distributed again between oil and paper; under certain conditions, a large number of bubbles can form in the casing paper-oil insulation. It has been found that oil impregnated paper insulation can precipitate a large amount of air bubbles at higher temperatures. Under the action of oil flow, electric field force and buoyancy, bubbles entering the oil passage have complex form evolution and motion rules. Both theoretical analysis and accident investigation results show that air bubbles in high field strength areas (e.g. transformer bushings) can cause partial discharges in the oil-paper insulation, thus endangering the transformer insulation and even causing insulation breakdown.
At present, a bubbling method is mainly adopted for researching micro bubbles in a transformer, and the bubbling method is a method for researching the behavior of the bubbles without phase change, namely, an air needle is installed at the bottom of a tested object or an air hole is opened for bubbling, for example, a mode of injecting the bubbles by a micro-injector is adopted, and the mode can only carry out kinematic analysis aiming at the bubbles under a certain force, cannot simulate the condition in the actual transformer, and has great limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device for simulating the generation of bubbles in oil paper insulation of an actual transformer bushing and a manufacturing method thereof, and the device is greatly helpful for developing research on bubbles around the actual transformer bushing.
In order to achieve the purpose, the device for simulating and generating the thermotropic bubbles of the transformer bushing comprises a temperature control and measurement device, a protective sleeve, a heating device and a temperature sensor, wherein the protective sleeve is used for placing a capacitor bushing core of a tested object, the protective sleeve comprises a protective sleeve side wall, a cover plate fixed at the upper end of the protective sleeve side wall and a protective sleeve base fixed at the lower end of the side wall, the heating device and the temperature sensor are arranged in the protective sleeve, the heating device is connected with the temperature control and measurement device through a control line, a signal line of the temperature sensor is connected with the temperature control and measurement device, and an observation window is.
Further, the heating device comprises two symmetrically arranged heat tracing bands.
Further, the heat tracing band is 10mm away from the inner wall of the glass protective sleeve, and the total length of the heat tracing band is greater than 3/4 of the height of the protective sleeve and less than the height of the protective sleeve.
Furthermore, the protective sheath adopts organic glass to make.
Furthermore, the control line and the signal line pass through the cover plate and extend out of the protective sleeve, and the connection parts of the cover plate and the control line and the cover plate and the signal line are sealed by aluminum foil adhesive tapes.
Further, the temperature control and measurement device is a building door electric AI-208 type temperature controller.
Furthermore, an electronic magnifier for collecting images is arranged outside the observation window.
A method for measuring the starting temperature of thermally induced bubbles of a transformer bushing comprises the following steps:
step 1: manufacturing an experimental sample, namely a capacitor bushing core, and performing degassing and drying treatment on the transformer oil;
step 2: a temperature sensor is arranged on the capacitor sleeve core, a signal wire is led out, then the capacitor sleeve core is vertically placed on a base of the protective sleeve, the capacitor sleeve core is placed at the axis position of the protective sleeve, and the upper end and the lower end of the capacitor sleeve core are fixed with the protective sleeve;
and step 3: installing a heating device inside the protective sleeve;
and 4, step 4: leading out a signal wire of the temperature sensor and a control wire of the heating device from a cover plate of the protective sleeve and connecting the signal wire and the control wire with a temperature control and measurement device;
and 5: injecting the transformer oil treated in the step 1 into a protective sleeve to ensure that the transformer oil is insulated by oil paper and a cover plate of the protective sleeve; heating the transformer oil at different temperature rise rates by adopting a temperature control and measurement device in combination with a heating device until bubbles are generated, observing the bubbles, and recording the initial temperature of the bubbles under different heating powers;
step 6: and (3) replacing the capacitor bushing core in the step (1) with another capacitor bushing core with different water content or different gas dissolving amount, and repeating the steps (1) to (5) to obtain the initial temperature of the bubbles under the conditions of different water content or different gas dissolving amount.
Further, in step 5, after the transformer oil is injected, the standard-size object is placed in the protective sleeve filled with the transformer oil, and image size calibration is performed.
Further, in step 5, the temperature rise rate v is calculated by the heating power of the temperature control and measurement deviceT：
Wherein, T0Is the target temperature, t80For the temperature to reach 0.8T0Time of (t)20For the temperature to reach 0.2T0Time of (d).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the invention, the heating device with higher thermal response speed is arranged on the inner wall of the experimental cavity, so that the environment temperature of the actual transformer bushing can be better simulated and bubbles can be generated when the heating device works.
Furthermore, the capacitor core is heated in all directions by adopting the two heat tracing bands, so that the capacitor core is heated more uniformly.
Furthermore, the temperature controller adopting the AI artificial intelligence adjusting algorithm with the curve fitting function can obtain smooth and smooth curve control effect, better control the temperature in the experimental cavity, simultaneously the anti-interference performance also meets the requirements of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), and different temperature rise rates can be obtained by controlling the heating power, so that different temperature rise rates can be observed, and the influence on bubble generation can be realized. A Pt100 type surface mount temperature sensor with high measurement precision is adopted to collect the temperature of a sample in real time and is matched with a temperature controller.
Furthermore, when the influence on the generation of bubbles is measured under different moisture contents and gas dissolution amounts, sleeves with different moisture contents are prepared, the moisture content in the air can be changed due to the moisture entering, so that the control line and the signal line penetrate through the cover plate and extend out of the protective sleeve, and the connection part of the cover plate and the signal line is sealed by an aluminum foil adhesive tape. Preventing water vapor in the air from entering.
Furthermore, the tail end of the high-definition electronic magnifier is connected to an image acquisition system of a computer, bubbles generated by the insulation of the oilpaper can be clearly observed through the electronic magnifier,
a method for measuring the initial temperature of a thermotropic bubble mold of a transformer bushing is disclosed, wherein the research contents about bubbles in the transformer bushing are concentrated on the influence of factors such as temperature rise speed, water content in oil paper insulation, gas dissolution amount and the like on the initial temperature of generated bubbles, and the factors are found to have large influence on the initial temperature of the bubbles and can be regularly circulated. The heat tracing band is placed in the transformer oil, and bubbles are generated by heating the capacitor core of the bushing through heat conduction in the oil, so that preparation is made for subsequent research on the partial discharge characteristic of the bubbles in the bushing of the transformer.
Further, in order to accurately record the size of the bubble, before the test is carried out, a standard-size object is placed in an organic glass cavity filled with insulating oil, and the size of the image is calibrated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method of manufacturing a microbubble generation device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a graph of heating time T versus temperature rise Δ T.
In the drawings: 1. the device comprises a capacitor bushing core, 2, a protective sleeve, 3, an observation window, 4, a temperature sensor, 5, a heat tracing band, 6, an electronic magnifier, 7, a computer, 8 and a temperature control and measurement device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects and technical solutions of the present invention clearer and easier to understand. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples, wherein the specific examples are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 2, the transformer bushing thermotropic bubble simulation generation device comprises a temperature control and measurement device 8, a capacitor bushing core 1 with the same voltage level as that of the capacitor bushing core of the bushing to be researched, a protective sleeve 2, a heating device 5, a temperature sensor 4, an electronic magnifier 6 and an image acquisition system PC 7. The capacitor bushing core 1 comprises a conducting rod, an oil paper insulation structure and an aluminum foil, wherein the conducting rod is 220mm, the oil paper insulation length is 140mm, the conducting rod is wound in the middle of the conducting rod, and the oil paper insulation and the aluminum foil are wound on the conducting rod at intervals.
The temperature control and measurement device 8 is: the building electric AI-208 type temperature controller has 0.3-level precision and the temperature control range of 0-999 ℃.
The sizes of the protective sleeve 2 and the protective sleeve base are as follows: the protective sheath includes the protective sheath lateral wall, and fix the apron in the protective sheath lateral wall upper end, and fix the protective sheath base at the lateral wall lower extreme, non-conductive material is selected for use to the material of protective sheath, for example, organic glass or pottery, organic glass protective sheath diameter is 100mm, high 200mm, the glass wall thickness is 5mm, top glass apron external diameter is 120mm, centre of a circle position and about centre of a circle symmetry both sides apart from centre of a circle 40mm position offer diameter be 5mm highly be 5mm be used for with bolt cooperation with fixed capacitor sleeve pipe core screw hole, protective sheath base diameter is 140mm, highly be 10mm, centre of a circle position has diameter be 5mm be used for with bolt cooperation with the screw hole of fixed capacitor sleeve pipe core, according to different experiment observation demands, the bubble that produces on the observation window in order to.
The temperature sensor 4 is: the Pt100 type surface-mounted temperature sensor has the measurement precision of +/-0.5 ℃ and the response speed of 3 ℃/s.
The electronic magnifier 6 is a Beadagton DM4 high-definition electronic magnifier, the maximum magnification is 1000 times, and the image resolution is 320 × 256 pixels.
The heating device 5 is: MI heating belt-alloy 825, maintaining temperature up to 500 deg.C, and total length 150 mm.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for manufacturing a thermally induced microbubble generating device includes the following steps:
step 1: an experimental sample capacitor bushing core 1 is manufactured, and the transformer oil is subjected to degassing and drying treatment, in the example, the sample capacitor bushing core 1 is designed according to the insulation requirement of a 10kV bushing, the number of pole plate layers is determined to be 3, and one pole plate layer comprises 3 layers of oil paper insulation and 1 layer of aluminum foil.
Step 2: the installation experiment part, the protective sheath 2 of capacitor bushing core 1 adopts the diameter to be 100mm, highly is 200 m's transparent organic glass, to the capacitor bushing core 1 intermediate part installation temperature sensor 4 that the preparation was accomplished and outwards draw forth the signal line, later place the vertical direction of capacitor bushing core on the organic glass base that the diameter is 140cm, thickness is 10 mm. The capacitor bushing core is arranged at the axis position of the organic glass protective sleeve, the upper end and the lower end of the capacitor bushing core are fixed by threads, and an experiment cavity is formed between the protective sleeve and the capacitor bushing core.
And step 3: a heating device is installed, and MI tracing band-alloy 825 is adopted to carry out omnibearing heating on the sample. The two heat tracing bands are symmetrical about a sample and are 10mm away from the inner wall of the glass protective sleeve, the maximum maintaining temperature is 500 ℃, and the total length is 150 mm;
and 4, step 4: the tail end of the heat tracing band is connected with a temperature control and measurement device, a signal line of a temperature sensor 4 and a heat tracing band control line are led out from an organic glass cover plate and are connected with the temperature control and measurement device, the glass cover plate is sealed by a high-temperature-resistant aluminum foil adhesive tape at a position where the signal line, the heat tracing band control line and a capacitor bushing core penetrate through, the temperature control and measurement device adopts a building door AI-208 type temperature controller, the precision is 0.3 level, the temperature control range is 0-999 ℃, the temperature control and measurement device has an AI artificial intelligent adjusting algorithm with a curve fitting function, a smooth curve control effect can be obtained, the anti-interference performance also meets the requirement of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of the experiment, and the heating power can be controlled in real time to obtain different temperature rise rates.
And 5: the processed transformer oil is injected into the protective sleeve 2, so that the transformer oil is insulated by the oil paper, and the top cover plate is covered. According to the specific experiment requirements, the temperature control and measurement device is combined with a heat tracing band to heat the interior of the experiment cavity until bubbles are generated. Specifically, based on the 10kv sleeve, in order to facilitate the subsequent study of the direct relationship between the temperature rise rate and the bubble generation starting temperature, different temperature rise rates are realized by adjusting the heating power, then the temperature rise rate is calculated by the formula (1), and the temperature in the experimental cavity is observed when the bubbles are generated, so that the temperature at different temperature rise rates and the bubble generation starting temperature are obtained.
Rate of temperature rise vTThe calculation process of (2) is as follows: respectively make the temperature reach 0.2T0And 0.8T0Are respectively defined as t80And t20，T0For a target temperature, the expression for the rate of temperature rise is:
the heating power and temperature rise speed curve is shown in figure 3.
The method comprises the following steps of (1) utilizing an electronic magnifier for installing and observing bubbles, placing a Beadatom DM4 type high-definition electronic magnifier with the maximum magnification of 1000 times in an observation window for shooting the generated bubbles, wherein the image resolution is 320 × 256 pixels;
step 6: and (5) repeating the steps 1 to 5 by adopting the capacitor bushing cores with different water contents or gas dissolving amounts to obtain bubble generation starting temperatures under the conditions of different water contents or different gas dissolving amounts. The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a device is produced in simulation of transformer bushing heat-induced bubble, its characterized in that, includes temperature control and measuring device (8), protective sheath (2), heating device (5) and temperature sensor (4), protective sheath (2) are used for placing by test object electric capacity sleeve pipe core (1), protective sheath (2) include the protective sheath lateral wall, fix the apron in protective sheath lateral wall upper end to and fix the protective sheath base at the lateral wall lower extreme, heating device (5) and temperature sensor (4) set up in protective sheath (2), heating device (5) are connected with measuring device (8) through control line and temperature control, the signal line and the temperature control of temperature sensor (4) are connected with measuring device (8), observation window (3) have been seted up on the protective sheath.
2. The transformer bushing thermal bubble simulation generating device according to claim 1, wherein the heating device (5) comprises two symmetrically arranged heat tracing bands.
3. The transformer bushing thermal bubble simulation generation device according to claim 2, wherein the heat tracing band is 10mm away from the inner wall of the glass protective sleeve (2), and the total length is greater than 3/4 of the height of the protective sleeve (2) and less than the height of the protective sleeve (2).
4. The transformer bushing thermal bubble simulation generating device according to claim 1, wherein the protective sleeve (2) is made of organic glass.
5. The simulation generation device for the thermotropic bubble of the transformer bushing according to claim 1, wherein the control line and the signal line extend out of the protective sleeve (2) through a cover plate, and the connection between the cover plate and the control line and the connection between the cover plate and the signal line are sealed by aluminum foil tape.
6. The simulation generation device for the thermotropic bubble in the transformer bushing according to claim 1, wherein the temperature control and measurement device (8) is a building door electric AI-208 type temperature controller.
7. The transformer bushing thermal bubble simulation generation device according to claim 1, wherein an electronic magnifier (6) is arranged outside the observation window (3) for collecting images.
8. A method for measuring the starting temperature of thermally induced bubbles of a transformer bushing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: manufacturing an experimental sample, namely a capacitor bushing core (1), and performing degassing and drying treatment on transformer oil;
step 2: a temperature sensor (4) is arranged on the capacitor bushing core (1), a signal line is led out outwards, then the capacitor bushing core (1) is vertically placed on a base of the protective sleeve (2), the capacitor bushing core (1) is placed at the axis position of the protective sleeve (2), and the upper end and the lower end of the capacitor bushing core are fixed with the protective sleeve;
and step 3: installing a heating device (5) inside the protective sleeve (2);
and 4, step 4: leading out a signal wire of the temperature sensor (4) and a control wire of the heating device (5) from a cover plate of the protective sleeve (2) and connecting the signal wire and the control wire with a temperature control and measurement device;
and 5: injecting the transformer oil treated in the step (1) into a protective sleeve (2) to ensure that the transformer oil is insulated by oil paper and a cover plate of the protective sleeve (2); heating the transformer oil at different temperature rise rates by adopting a temperature control and measurement device (8) in combination with a heating device (5) until bubbles are generated, observing the bubbles, and recording the initial temperature of the bubbles under different heating powers;
step 6: and (3) replacing the capacitor bushing core (1) in the step (1) with another capacitor bushing core with a water content or gas dissolution amount different from that in the oil-paper insulation of the capacitor bushing core (1) in the step (1), and repeating the steps 1 to 5 to obtain the initial temperature of the bubbles under the conditions of different water contents or gas dissolution amounts.
9. The method for measuring the starting temperature of the thermotropic bubbles in the transformer bushing according to claim 8, wherein in the step 5, after the transformer oil is injected, the standard-size object is placed in the protective sleeve (2) filled with the transformer oil for image size calibration.
10. The method for measuring the starting temperature of the thermotropic bubbles in the transformer bushing according to the claim 8, wherein in the step 5, the temperature rise is calculated by the heating power of the temperature control and measurement device (8)Velocity vT：
Wherein, T0Is the target temperature, t80For the temperature to reach 0.8T0Time of (t)20For the temperature to reach 0.2T0Time of (d).
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Application publication date: 20200703 |