CN111366299A - Method and device for measuring center of gravity of swivel part of swivel bridge - Google Patents

Method and device for measuring center of gravity of swivel part of swivel bridge Download PDF

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CN111366299A
CN111366299A CN202010247477.5A CN202010247477A CN111366299A CN 111366299 A CN111366299 A CN 111366299A CN 202010247477 A CN202010247477 A CN 202010247477A CN 111366299 A CN111366299 A CN 111366299A
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center
gravity
turntable
swivel
force measuring
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CN111366299B (en
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罗力军
曹明明
尹光顺
彭旭民
曾德礼
位东升
吴何
唐家瑞
周雄
李苏洋
阮希贤
邵英帅
张美玲
王文洋
任虹昌
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China Railway Major Bridge Engineering Group Co Ltd MBEC
China Railway Bridge Science Research Institute Ltd
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China Railway Major Bridge Engineering Group Co Ltd MBEC
China Railway Bridge Science Research Institute Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
    • G01M1/12—Static balancing; Determining position of centre of gravity
    • G01M1/122—Determining position of centre of gravity
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
    • E01D21/08—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges by rotational movement of the bridge or bridge sections

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Abstract

The application relates to a method for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel part of a swivel bridge, comprising the following steps: according to the radius r of the lower turntable, calculating the number 4n of the required force measuring devices and the central angle theta of the two adjacent force measuring devices relative to the center O of the lower turntable, wherein n is a positive integer; determining the distance R between the arrangement position of the force measuring device and the center O; uniformly arranging all the force measuring devices on the lower turntable along the circumferential direction of the lower turntable, so that all the force measuring devices are surrounded to form a circle with O as the center of circle and R as the radius, and the central angle between two adjacent force measuring devices is theta; constructing an upper turntable and a beam body on the lower turntable in sequence to complete the construction of a rotating body part and enable the force measuring device to be supported between the upper turntable and the lower turntable; acquiring load forces measured by all the force measuring devices, and calculating the gravity center eccentricity e of the rotating body part by combining R and theta; and obtaining the actual gravity center of the rotating body part according to the gravity center eccentric quantity e and the circle center O.

Description

Method and device for measuring center of gravity of swivel part of swivel bridge
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of bridge rotation construction, in particular to a method and a device for measuring the gravity center of a rotation part of a rotation bridge.
Background
At present, in order to reduce the influence on an operation line as much as possible, bridge swivel construction is often the first choice or even the necessary choice when crossing railways and highways. The turning system of the turning bridge consists of a lower turntable, an upper spherical hinge, a lower spherical hinge, a slideway and a traction system, wherein the upper turntable can rotate around the lower turntable through the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge. And constructing the pier and the beam body on the upper rotary table, wherein the upper rotary table, the pier and the beam body form a rotating part together. After the construction of the bridge pier and the bridge body is completed, the rotating body part pulls the traction rope through the jack to form rotating force to realize rotating. The balance control of the rotating part in the rotating process is a key point, so that the structural safety of the rotating part in the rotating process is ensured, and the center of gravity is not excessively large; and the controllability of the rotating part in the rotating process is ensured, and the gravity center eccentricity is not too small. Thus, the determination and adjustment of the center of gravity of the rotating portion of the bridge is required in front of the rotor.
In the related technology, the adopted method is to carry out the non-balance weight test on a rotor part, and Chinese patent document with an authorization publication number of CN105507163B discloses' an equipment and a detection method for judging a critical point of a rotor bridge weighing test, and the adopted method is a ball hinge vertical rotation method, and the main principle is that when the ball hinge is in an extreme state between a static friction state and a dynamic friction state, the stress state changes suddenly, and simultaneously, the displacement at the ball hinge changes suddenly, so that the corresponding load in the extreme state is judged, and the unbalanced moment is obtained according to a related calculation formula, so that the gravity center eccentricity value is determined; the equipment used must contain a displacement sensor for loading the equipment jack and measuring the deformation.
But the unbalance weighing test adopting the spherical hinge vertical rotation method for measuring the gravity center of the rotating part of the rotating bridge has great defects:
1. at present, the weight of a single rotating part of a rotating bridge reaches 46000 tons, when the weight of the rotating part is larger or is curved, the required jacking load is very large, the requirement on a jacking device is higher and complex, and when the jacking load is very large, the damage to a local concrete structure can be caused.
2. The data cannot be processed in real time and the load of the control force cannot be fed back in the jacking loading process, so that the rotation is out of control, the beam body overturns, and the safety risk is high.
3. When jacking each time, the rotating body part needs to be jacked to rotate, the required data can be obtained, and the space geometric position of the beam body of the rotating body part can be changed when jacking rotates each time; during subsequent closure construction, the longitudinal and transverse spatial geometrical postures of the beam body must be adjusted, otherwise, the difference is too large, closure cannot be performed, particularly, steel beams have high control precision requirements, the workload required to be adjusted is very large, and the adjustment is very complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for measuring the gravity center of a rotating body part of a rotating body bridge, and aims to solve the problem that the gravity center of the rotating body part can be measured only by jacking the rotating body part to rotate by the aid of jacking force with large load in the related art.
In a first aspect, a method for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel section of a swivel bridge is provided, comprising the steps of:
calculating the number 4n of the required force measuring devices and the central angle theta of two adjacent force measuring devices relative to the center O of the lower turntable according to the radius r of the lower turntable, wherein n is a positive integer;
determining the distance R between the arrangement position of the force measuring device and the center O;
uniformly arranging all the force measuring devices on the lower turntable along the circumferential direction of the lower turntable, so that all the force measuring devices are surrounded to form a circle with O as the center of circle and R as the radius, and the central angle between two adjacent force measuring devices is theta;
constructing an upper turntable and a beam body on the lower turntable in sequence to complete the construction of a rotating body part and enable the force measuring device to be supported between the upper turntable and the lower turntable;
acquiring load forces measured by all the force measuring devices, and calculating the gravity center eccentric quantity e of the rotating body part by combining R and theta;
and obtaining the actual gravity center of the rotating body part according to the gravity center eccentric quantity e and the circle center O.
In some embodiments, the lower turntable is divided into an area E, an area S, an area W and an area N by taking the area O as a central point, the transverse bridge direction as a transverse central line of the lower turntable and the longitudinal bridge direction as a longitudinal central line of the lower turntable, wherein the area E and the area N are positioned on the large-mileage side of the longitudinal central line and are respectively positioned on the right side and the left side of the transverse central line; the S area and the W area are positioned on the small mileage side of the longitudinal center line and are respectively positioned on the right side and the left side of the transverse center line;
e is calculated using the following algorithm:
Figure BDA0002434330500000031
wherein e isHIs a transverse component of the eccentricity of the center of gravity of the swivel part, eZA longitudinal component of the eccentric amount of the center of gravity of the rotating body part;
eHthe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002434330500000032
Figure BDA0002434330500000033
Figure BDA0002434330500000034
Figure BDA0002434330500000035
Figure BDA0002434330500000036
Figure BDA0002434330500000037
Figure BDA0002434330500000038
Figure BDA0002434330500000039
in the formula, P6EFor measuring forces in the E regionMeasured load force, P6SLoad force, P, measured for a force-measuring device located in the region S6WLoad force measured for a force-measuring device located in the area W, P6NThe load force measured by the force measuring device positioned in the N area is measured;
Figure BDA00024343305000000310
the moment sum of the load force measured by the force measuring devices positioned in the E area and the S area relative to the longitudinal center line of the lower turntable;
Figure BDA00024343305000000311
the moment sum of the load force measured by the force measuring devices positioned in the W area and the N area relative to the longitudinal center line of the lower turntable;
Figure BDA00024343305000000312
is a transverse unbalanced moment; e.g. of the typeHIs a lateral component of the eccentric amount of the center of gravity of the rotating body part, "+" indicates eccentricity to the left side, and "-" indicates eccentricity to the right side; g is the weight of the swivel part;
eZthe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002434330500000041
Figure BDA0002434330500000042
Figure BDA0002434330500000043
Figure BDA0002434330500000044
Figure BDA0002434330500000045
Figure BDA0002434330500000046
Figure BDA0002434330500000047
Figure BDA0002434330500000048
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002434330500000049
the moment sum of the load force measured by the force measuring devices positioned in the areas E and N relative to the transverse center line of the lower turntable;
Figure BDA00024343305000000410
the moment sum of the load force measured by the force measuring devices positioned in the S area and the W area relative to the transverse center line of the lower turntable;
Figure BDA00024343305000000411
longitudinal unbalance moment; e.g. of the typeZThe longitudinal component of the eccentric amount of the center of gravity of the swivel portion, "+" indicates eccentricity to the large mileage side, and "-" indicates eccentricity to the small mileage side.
In some embodiments, the lower turntable comprises a lower turntable body and a lower spherical hinge, the center of the lower turntable body is upwards convexly arranged and is formed with a lower turntable, and the lower spherical hinge is arranged on the lower turntable; the radius r is the radius of the projection of the lower spherical hinge on the lower disc body.
In some embodiments, n and θ are calculated using the following equations:
Figure BDA00024343305000000412
Figure BDA00024343305000000413
in some embodiments, after calculating the gravity center eccentricity e of the swivel part, the method further comprises the following steps:
and e is compared with a preset multi-level threshold interval, the level of the threshold interval where e is located is judged, and corresponding early warning is sent out.
In some embodiments, the preset multi-level threshold interval includes a first-level threshold interval, a second-level threshold interval, a third-level threshold interval, and a fourth-level threshold interval, and ranges of the first-level threshold interval, the second-level threshold interval, the third-level threshold interval, and the fourth-level threshold interval are sequentially increased;
when e is in the primary threshold interval, a green early warning is sent out;
when e is in the secondary threshold interval, sending out a blue early warning;
when e is in the third-level threshold interval, sending out an orange early warning;
and when e is in the four-level threshold interval, sending out a red early warning.
In some embodiments, after calculating the eccentricity of the center of gravity e of the rotor section and before obtaining the actual center of gravity of the rotor section, the method comprises the following steps:
providing a load trolley for verifying the eccentric amount of the gravity center;
obtaining m theoretical increments of e according to a preset increment amplitude delta x, wherein m is more than or equal to 2, and recording the ith theoretical increment as ei，ei＝iΔx,i＝1，2......m；
According to eiAnd in combination with the weight G of the load trolleyXCAnd the weight G of the swivel part, calculated when e increases by eiThe distance L between the load trolley and the center of the beam bodyi；
Placing the load trolley on the beam body, wherein the load trolley and the e are positioned on the same side in the eccentric direction, and moving the load trolley to a position L away from the center of the beam body along the longitudinal center lineiThe position of (a);
acquiring the load force measured by the force measuring device, and calculating the actual increment delta e of ei；
According to Δ e1，Δe2......ΔemAnd e1，e2......emObtaining repairAnd e is corrected by using the correction relation.
In some embodiments, L is calculated using the following formulai：
Figure BDA0002434330500000051
In a second aspect, there is provided an apparatus for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel section of a swivel bridge, the swivel bridge comprising a lower turntable and a swivel section, the swivel section comprising an upper turntable and a beam rotatable about the lower turntable by the upper turntable; the device includes:
4n force measuring devices for measuring load force, wherein n is a positive integer; all the force measuring devices are used for being arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the lower turntable and supported between the lower turntable and the upper turntable, and all the force measuring devices are arranged in a surrounding manner to form a circle with the center O of the lower turntable as the center of the circle and R as the radius, and the central angle between two adjacent force measuring devices is theta;
and the control device is connected with the force measuring device and is used for acquiring the load force measured by the force measuring device and calculating the gravity center eccentricity e of the rotating body part by combining R and theta.
In some embodiments, the lower dial comprises:
-a lower tray, which is upwardly convexly provided at its center and forms a lower turntable;
-a lower spherical hinge provided on the lower turntable;
the upper rotary plate comprises:
-an upper tray, which is downwardly convexly provided at the center thereof and forms an upper turntable;
-an upper spherical hinge provided on said upper turntable; and the upper spherical hinge is matched with the lower spherical hinge, so that the upper rotary disc can rotate around the lower spherical hinge through the upper spherical hinge.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes: the method for measuring the center of gravity of the rotating part of the rotating bridge is different from the existing spherical hinge vertical rotation method, the method for safely and reliably determining the center of gravity of the rotating part of the rotating bridge is provided, the data of the force measuring device is automatically collected and the center of gravity is calculated, the real-time monitoring and early warning of the center of gravity in the whole construction process are realized, and the intelligent monitoring of the center of gravity in the construction process and the safe construction of the rotating bridge are ensured; the problems that the beam body overturns due to a vertical rotation method, the space geometric position of the beam body changes and the like are solved, the construction safety is improved, and finally the lifting of the construction quality of the turning bridge and the reduction of the construction safety risk are realized.
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for measuring the center of gravity of a rotating part of a rotating bridge. Therefore, different from the existing spherical hinge vertical rotation method, the method for safely and reliably determining the gravity center of the rotating part of the rotating bridge is provided, the data of the force measuring device is automatically acquired and the gravity center is calculated, the real-time monitoring and early warning of the gravity center in the whole construction process are realized, and the intelligent monitoring of the gravity center in the construction process and the safe construction of the rotating bridge are ensured; the problems that the beam body overturns due to a vertical rotation method, the space geometric position of the beam body changes and the like are solved, the construction safety is improved, and finally the lifting of the construction quality of the turning bridge and the reduction of the construction safety risk are realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for measuring a center of gravity of a swivel portion of a swivel bridge according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a front view of an apparatus for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel portion of a swivel bridge according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a force measuring device for a device for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel portion of a swivel bridge according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 2.
In the figure: 1-lower turntable, 10-lower turntable, 11-lower turntable, 12-lower spherical hinge, 2-upper turntable, 20-upper turntable, 21-upper turntable, 22-upper spherical hinge, 3-beam body, 4-rotator part, 5-control device, 6-force measuring device, 7-load trolley and 8-support column.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Example 1:
the embodiment 1 of the application provides a method for measuring the center of gravity of a rotating body part of a rotating body bridge, which can solve the problem that the center of gravity of the rotating body part can be measured only by jacking the rotating body part to rotate by using the jacking force with large load in the related art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for measuring a center of gravity of a swivel portion of a swivel bridge according to an embodiment of the present application, which includes the following steps:
s1: the number 4n of force-measuring devices 6 required is calculated from the radius r of the lower turntable 1, and the central angle θ, n being a positive integer, of two adjacent force-measuring devices 6 with respect to the center O of the lower turntable 1. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, specifically: taking O as a central point, the transverse bridge direction as a transverse central line of the lower rotary table 1, and the longitudinal bridge direction as a longitudinal central line of the lower rotary table 1, and dividing the lower rotary table 1 into an E area, an S area, a W area and an N area, wherein the E area and the N area are positioned on the large-mileage side of the longitudinal central line and are respectively positioned on the right side and the left side of the transverse central line; the S area and the W area are positioned on the small mileage side of the longitudinal center line and are respectively positioned on the right side and the left side of the transverse center line; the force measuring devices 6 are uniformly arranged in the areas E, S, W and N, and at least one force measuring device 6 is arranged in each area, so that the required number of the force measuring devices 6 is 4N, and N is the number of the force measuring devices 6 arranged in each area.
The lower turntable 1 comprises a lower turntable body 10 and a lower spherical hinge 12, the center of the lower turntable body 10 is arranged upwards in a protruding mode and forms a lower turntable 11, and the lower spherical hinge 12 is arranged on the lower turntable 11; the upper turntable 2 comprises an upper turntable body 20 and an upper spherical hinge 22, the center of the upper turntable body 20 is arranged downwards in a protruding mode and is provided with an upper turntable 21, and the upper spherical hinge 22 is arranged on the upper turntable 21; and the upper spherical hinge 22 is matched with the lower spherical hinge 12, so that the upper rotary disc 2 can rotate around the lower spherical hinge 12 through the upper spherical hinge 22. The radius r of the lower rotary table 1 is the radius of the projection of the lower spherical hinge 12 on the lower table body 10 (i.e. the plane radius of the lower spherical hinge 12). N and θ are calculated using the following equations:
Figure BDA0002434330500000081
Figure BDA0002434330500000082
the number of force measuring devices 6 and θ of example 1 of the present application are given in the following table:
Figure BDA0002434330500000083
Figure BDA0002434330500000091
when r is 2.5m, n is 5, θ is 18 degrees, and the total number of the force measuring devices 6 is 20.
S2: determining the distance R between the arrangement position of the force measuring device 6 and the center O; referring to fig. 2, in embodiment 1 of the present application, the radius of the upper tray 20 is smaller than that of the lower tray 10, and the radius of the upper tray 20 is larger than that of the lower turntable 11. Therefore, when selecting the arrangement position of the force measuring device 6, it is necessary to ensure that R is larger than the lower rotary table 11And is smaller than the radius of the upper disc 20. In addition, preferably, in embodiment 1 of the present application, positions of a plurality of supporting columns 8 are reserved when measuring the center of gravity of the rotating body portion, so that the plurality of supporting columns 8 are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the lower rotating disk 1 and are supported between the lower rotating disk 1 and the upper rotating disk 2, and all the supporting columns 8 enclose the center O of the lower rotating disk 1 as the center of a circle, and R is used as the center of the circle2Is a circle of radius, R2Greater than R and the support post 8 has a radius R'. Therefore, the distance R between the arrangement position of the force measuring device 6 and the center O also needs to take into account the radius R' of the support column 8, where R ═ R in embodiment 1 of the present application1-2R' -1, in which case R1Is the radius of the upper disc body 20. When R is1When the distance R' is equal to 0.7m and the distance R is equal to 3.6m, the force measuring devices 6 are arranged on a circle with a radius of 3.6m and the center of the circle is O, and the included angle between two adjacent force measuring devices 6 is 18 degrees.
S3: uniformly arranging all the force measuring devices 6 on the lower rotary table 1 along the circumferential direction of the lower rotary table 1, so that all the force measuring devices 6 are surrounded to form a circle with O as the center of circle and R as the radius, and the central angle between two adjacent force measuring devices 6 is theta; and all the supporting columns 8 are uniformly arranged on the lower rotary table 1, so that all the supporting columns 8 surround the center O of the lower rotary table 1 as the center of a circle, and R is used as the center of the circle2Is a circle with a radius.
S4: an upper rotary table 2 and a beam body 3 are sequentially constructed on the lower rotary table 1, the construction of a rotating body part 4 is completed, and a force measuring device 6 and a support column 8 are supported between the upper rotary table 2 and the lower rotary table 1.
S5: the control device 5 obtains all the load forces measured by the force measuring device 6, and the gravity center eccentricity e of the rotating body part 4 is calculated by combining R and theta, wherein the gravity center eccentricity e comprises a transverse component eHAnd a longitudinal component eZ。
Figure BDA0002434330500000101
Wherein e isHThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002434330500000102
Figure BDA0002434330500000103
Figure BDA0002434330500000104
Figure BDA0002434330500000105
Figure BDA0002434330500000106
Figure BDA0002434330500000107
Figure BDA0002434330500000108
Figure BDA0002434330500000109
in the formula, P6EThe load force, P, measured for the force-measuring device 6 located in the region E6SThe load force, P, measured for the force-measuring device 6 located in the region S6WThe load force, P, measured for the force-measuring device 6 located in the area W6NThe load force measured for the force measuring device 6 located in the N region;
Figure BDA00024343305000001010
the moment sum of the load force measured by the force measuring devices 6 positioned in the areas E and S relative to the longitudinal center line of the lower turntable 1;
Figure BDA00024343305000001011
the moment sum of the load force measured by the force measuring devices 6 positioned in the W area and the N area relative to the longitudinal center line of the lower turntable 1;
Figure BDA00024343305000001012
is a transverse unbalanced moment; e.g. of the typeHIs the lateral component of the eccentricity of the centre of gravity of the rotor part 4, if eHIs positive number indicates eccentricity to the left, if eHIs negative number means eccentricity to the right; g is the weight of the swivel part 4.
eZThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002434330500000111
Figure BDA0002434330500000112
Figure BDA0002434330500000113
Figure BDA0002434330500000114
Figure BDA0002434330500000115
Figure BDA0002434330500000116
Figure BDA0002434330500000117
Figure BDA0002434330500000118
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002434330500000119
the moment sum of the load forces measured by the force measuring devices 6 positioned in the areas E and N relative to the transverse center line of the lower turntable 1;
Figure BDA00024343305000001110
the moment sum of the load forces measured by the force measuring devices 6 positioned in the S area and the W area relative to the transverse center line of the lower turntable 1;
Figure BDA00024343305000001111
longitudinal unbalance moment; e.g. of the typeZIs the longitudinal component of the eccentricity of the centre of gravity of the rotor part 4, if eZIs positive number indicating eccentricity to the side of big mileage if eZBeing negative indicates decentering to the small mileage side.
S6: and obtaining the actual gravity center of the rotating body part 4 according to the gravity center eccentric amount e and the circle center O. If e is obtained according to the above calculationHIs-0.01, eZ0, it can be seen that the center of gravity of the swivel part 4 is shifted to the right side by 0.01m along the lateral center line, and e is 0.01; if e is obtained according to the above calculationHIs 0, eZIs +0.02, it is known that the center of gravity of the swivel portion 4 is shifted by 0.02m toward the large mileage side along the longitudinal center line, and e is 0.02; if e is obtained according to the above calculationHIs +0.01, eZIs-0.02, it is known that the center of gravity of the rotor section 4 is shifted to the right side by 0.01m along the lateral center line, further shifted to the small mileage side by 0.02m, and shifted to the W region, and e is 0.022.
The method for measuring the center of gravity of the rotating part of the rotating bridge, which is provided by the embodiment 1 of the application, is different from the existing spherical hinge vertical rotation method, the method for safely and reliably determining the center of gravity of the rotating part of the rotating bridge is provided, the data of the force measuring device 6 is automatically acquired, the real-time monitoring of the center of gravity in the whole construction process is realized, and the intelligent monitoring of the center of gravity in the construction process and the safe construction of the rotating bridge are ensured; the problems that the beam body overturns due to a vertical rotation method, the space geometric position of the beam body changes and the like are solved, the construction safety is improved, and finally the lifting of the construction quality of the turning bridge and the reduction of the construction safety risk are realized.
Preferably, the embodiment 1 of the present application further includes the following steps after calculating the eccentric amount e of the center of gravity of the rotor portion 4:
s7: the control device 5 compares e with a preset multi-level threshold interval, judges the level of the threshold interval where e is located, sends out corresponding early warning to remind workers to take corresponding measures, and realizes monitoring of the degree of gravity center eccentricity.
The preset multi-level threshold interval comprises a first-level threshold interval, a second-level threshold interval, a third-level threshold interval and a fourth-level threshold interval, and the ranges of the first-level threshold interval, the second-level threshold interval, the third-level threshold interval and the fourth-level threshold interval are sequentially increased; the first threshold interval is (0, 0.050), the second threshold interval is [0.050, 0.150 ], and the third threshold interval is [0.150, e1) The threshold interval of four levels is [ e ]1，e2)。
With respect to e1And e2：
MZ＝0.64μ0NR
When M isG＝MZWhen e is present1＝MZ/G
In the formula, mu0The coefficient of static friction of the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge is obtained; g is the weight of the rotating part and the unit kN; r is the spherical radius of the upper spherical hinge in unit m; mZThe maximum static friction resistance moment of the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge is in kNm; mGIs the unbalanced moment of the rotor part, in kNm; e.g. of the type1Is MZAnd MGAnd the gravity center eccentricity determined when the gravity centers are equal.
MZ＝0.64μ0NR
MZC＝P2r2
When M isG＝MZ+MZCWhen e is present2＝MZ/G
In the formula, mu0The coefficient of static friction of the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge is obtained; g is the weight of the rotating part and the unit kN; r is the spherical radius of the upper spherical hinge in unit m; mZThe maximum static friction resistance moment of the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge is in kNm; mZCIs the supporting force P of the supporting column22000kN, the distance r from the support column to 02The support moment is provided in kNm; mGIs the unbalanced moment of the rotor part, in kNm; e.g. of the type2Is MGAnd MZCSum and MGDetermined when equalThe eccentric amount of the center of gravity.
When e is in the first-level threshold interval, a green early warning is sent out;
when e is in the secondary threshold interval, sending out a blue early warning;
when e is in a three-level threshold interval, sending out an orange early warning;
and when e is in a four-level threshold interval, a red early warning is sent out.
Furthermore, referring to fig. 4, after calculating the gravity center eccentricity e of the rotor portion 4 and before obtaining the actual gravity center of the rotor portion 4, the gravity center eccentricity e needs to be verified and corrected, which specifically includes the following steps:
s5-1: the load trolley 7 for verifying the eccentric amount of the gravity center is limited by the weight of the load trolley 7, and the embodiment 1 of the application only has the longitudinal component e of the eccentric amount of the gravity centerZCorrecting;
s5-2: obtaining e according to a preset increasing amplitude delta xZM is more than or equal to 2, and the ith theoretical increment is recorded as ei，ei＝iΔx,i＝1，2......m；
S5-3: according to eiCombined with the weight G of the load carriage 7XCAnd the weight G of the swivel part 4, when e is calculatedZIncrease of eiIn time, the distance L from the load trolley 7 to the center of the beam body 3i(ii) a Calculating L by the following formulai：
Figure BDA0002434330500000131
The preset incremental amplitude Δ x is 0.005, and the calculation result is as follows:
Figure BDA0002434330500000132
Figure BDA0002434330500000141
s5-4: a load trolley 7 is placed on the beam body, the load trolley 7 and eZEccentric direction ofOn the same side, i.e., if eZIf the number is positive, the load trolley 7 is placed on the big mileage side, and if e is positive, the load trolley is placed on the big mileage sideZAnd if the number is negative, the load trolley 7 is placed on the small mileage side. Illustrating the distance L traveled by the load carriage 7i: if eHIs-0.01, eZIs +0.02, the longitudinal component indicating the center of gravity of the rotor section 4 is shifted by 0.02m toward the mileage side along the longitudinal center line when eZ0.005 is added, then the load trolley 7 is moved to the side of the big mileage along the longitudinal center line to a position 9.250 away from the center of the beam body 3; if eHIs-0.02, eZIs-0.03, the longitudinal component of the center of gravity of the rotor portion 4 is shown to be shifted by 0.03m toward the small mileage side along the longitudinal center line when eZBy 0.010, the load carriage 7 is moved along the longitudinal centerline to the side of the small range to a position 18.50 away from the center of the beam 3.
S5-5: obtaining the load force measured by the force measuring device 6, and calculating eZActual increment of Δ ei；
S5-6: according to Δ e1，Δe2......ΔemAnd e1，e2......emObtaining a correction relational expression, and using the correction relational expression to eZCorrecting e by using the correction relationHMaking a correction to obtain a corrected eHThen e after correctionZAnd eHSubstituting into formula
Figure BDA0002434330500000142
A corrected e is obtained. And finally, obtaining the actual gravity center of the rotating body part 4 according to the corrected gravity center eccentric amount e and the circle center O.
After the gravity center eccentricity e is preliminarily determined, the gravity center eccentricity e is corrected through a simple, rapid and repeatable correction means, and the accurate gravity center of the rotating part 4 is obtained.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 2-3, embodiment 2 of the present application provides an apparatus for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel part of a swivel bridge, the swivel bridge comprising a lower rotary table 1 and a swivel part 4, the swivel part 4 comprising an upper rotary table 2 and a beam 3, the beam 3 being rotatable around the lower rotary table 1 by the upper rotary table 2; the device includes: 4n force measuring devices 6 and control devices 5 for measuring load force, wherein n is a positive integer; all the force measuring devices 6 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the lower rotary disk 1 and supported between the lower rotary disk 1 and the upper rotary disk 2, and all the force measuring devices 6 are arranged around a circle with the center O of the lower rotary disk 1 as the center of the circle and R as the radius, and the central angle between two adjacent force measuring devices 6 is theta; the control device 5 is connected to the force measuring device 6 and is adapted to acquire the load force measured by the force measuring device 6 and, in combination with R and θ, to calculate the eccentricity e of the center of gravity of the swivel part 4. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: taking O as a central point, the transverse bridge direction as a transverse central line of the lower rotary table 1, and the longitudinal bridge direction as a longitudinal central line of the lower rotary table 1, and dividing the lower rotary table 1 into an E area, an S area, a W area and an N area, wherein the E area and the N area are positioned on the large-mileage side of the longitudinal central line and are respectively positioned on the right side and the left side of the transverse central line; the S area and the W area are positioned on the small mileage side of the longitudinal center line and are respectively positioned on the right side and the left side of the transverse center line; the force measuring devices 6 are uniformly arranged in the areas E, S, W and N, and at least one force measuring device 6 is arranged in each area, so that the required number of the force measuring devices 6 is 4N, and N is the number of the force measuring devices 6 arranged in each area.
In embodiment 2 of the present application, by using the characteristics of the swivel bridge structure, 4n force measuring devices 6 are uniformly arranged between the upper turntable 2 and the lower turntable 1, and the gravity center eccentricity e of the swivel part 4 can be calculated only by completing the arrangement of the force measuring devices 6, obtaining the arrangement parameters R and θ of the force measuring devices 6, and combining the load force measured by the force measuring devices 6. The problem that the gravity center of the rotating body part can be measured only by jacking the rotating body part to rotate by the aid of the jacking force with large load in the related technology is solved. The measuring process is simple and efficient, the gravity center eccentric amount e of the rotating part 4 can be measured in real time, the gravity center eccentric amount e can be obtained in the process of constructing the rotating part 4, the safety and balance of the construction process can be conveniently controlled, and the measuring accuracy and timeliness and the construction safety and controllability are guaranteed.
Preferably, the lower rotary table 1 comprises a lower table body 10 and a lower spherical hinge 12, the center of the lower table body 10 is arranged upwards in a protruding mode and forms a lower rotary table 11, and the lower spherical hinge 12 is arranged on the lower rotary table 11; the upper turntable 2 comprises an upper turntable body 20 and an upper spherical hinge 22, the center of the upper turntable body 20 is arranged downwards in a protruding mode and is provided with an upper turntable 21, and the upper spherical hinge 22 is arranged on the upper turntable 21; and the upper spherical hinge 22 is matched with the lower spherical hinge 12, so that the upper rotary disc 2 can rotate around the lower spherical hinge 12 through the upper spherical hinge 22. Where R and θ are calculated as follows:
the number 4n of force-measuring devices 6 required is calculated from the radius r of the lower turntable 1, and the central angle θ, n being a positive integer, of two adjacent force-measuring devices 6 with respect to the center O of the lower turntable 1. The radius r of the lower rotary table 1 is the radius of the projection of the lower spherical hinge 12 on the lower table body 10 (i.e. the plane radius of the lower spherical hinge 12). N and θ are calculated using the following equations:
Figure BDA0002434330500000161
Figure BDA0002434330500000162
optionally, referring to fig. 2, the lower spherical hinge 12 is a spherical structure formed by the downward depression of the lower turntable 11, and the upper spherical hinge 22 is a spherical structure formed by the downward protrusion of the upper turntable 21. In the process of turning the bridge, the lower spherical hinge 12 is sleeved outside the upper spherical hinge 22, and the upper spherical hinge 22 rotates in the lower spherical hinge 12.
Optionally, the lower spherical hinge 12 is a spherical structure formed by the lower turntable 11 protruding upward, and the upper spherical hinge 22 is a spherical structure formed by the upper turntable 21 sinking upward. In the turning process of the bridge, the upper spherical hinge 22 is sleeved outside the lower spherical hinge 12, and the upper spherical hinge 22 turns outside the lower spherical hinge 12.
Further, the upper disc body 20 has a diameter smaller than that of the lower disc body 10. The lower tray 10 is a base, and in order to ensure stability and better support, the diameter of the lower tray 10 needs to be designed to be larger.
Further, the upper plate body 20 has a diameter larger than that of the lower turntable 11, which facilitates installation of the force measuring device 6 between the upper plate body 20 and the upper plate body 20.
Optionally, the device further comprises a plurality ofA plurality of support columns 8, a plurality of support columns 8 are used for setting up along the circumferencial direction of lower carousel 1 evenly at interval to support between lower carousel 1 and upper carousel 2, and all support columns 8 enclose and establish center O that forms following carousel 1 as the centre of a circle, use R2Is a circle with a radius. Because the weight of the swivel part 4 is large, the bearing capacity of the force measuring device 6 is limited, and the bearing capacity exceeding the bearing capacity can influence the measuring result, so that the supporting columns 8 are arranged to share the load of the swivel part 4, and the force measuring device is prevented from being damaged.
Preferably, R2Greater than R, the support column 8 is convenient to dismantle in the later period. And the radius of the supporting column 8 is R ', the distance R between the arrangement position of the force measuring device 6 and the center O also needs to take into account the radius R ' of the supporting column 8, which is R ═ R ' in embodiment 2 of the present application1-2R' -1, in which case R1Is the radius of the upper disc body 20. When R is1When R' is 0.7m, R is 3.6 m.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present application and are presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A method for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel portion of a swivel bridge, comprising the steps of:
according to the radius r of the lower turntable (1), calculating the number 4n of the force measuring devices (6) required and the central angle theta of two adjacent force measuring devices (6) relative to the center O of the lower turntable (1), wherein n is a positive integer;
determining the distance R between the arrangement position of the force measuring device (6) and the center O;
uniformly arranging all force measuring devices (6) on the lower turntable (1) along the circumferential direction of the lower turntable (1) so that all the force measuring devices (6) surround to form a circle with O as the center of circle and R as the radius, and the central angle between two adjacent force measuring devices (6) is theta;
an upper turntable (2) and a beam body (3) are sequentially constructed on the lower turntable (1), the construction of a rotating body part (4) is completed, and the force measuring device (6) is supported between the upper turntable (2) and the lower turntable (1);
acquiring load forces measured by all the force measuring devices (6), and calculating the gravity center eccentricity e of the rotating body part (4) by combining R and theta;
and obtaining the actual gravity center of the rotating body part (4) according to the gravity center eccentric amount e and the circle center O.
2. The method for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel part of a swivel bridge according to claim 1, wherein the lower rotary table (1) is divided into E region, S region, W region and N region, wherein the E region and the N region are located on the major-mileage side of the longitudinal center line and on the right side and the left side of the transverse center line, respectively, with O as the center point, the lateral bridge direction being the lateral center line of the lower rotary table (1), and the longitudinal bridge direction being the longitudinal center line of the lower rotary table (1); the S area and the W area are positioned on the small mileage side of the longitudinal center line and are respectively positioned on the right side and the left side of the transverse center line;
e is calculated using the following algorithm:
Figure FDA0002434330490000011
wherein e isHIs a lateral component of the eccentricity of the center of gravity of the swivel part (4), eZIs a longitudinal component of the eccentric amount of the center of gravity of the swivel part (4);
eHthe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure FDA0002434330490000021
Figure FDA0002434330490000022
Figure FDA0002434330490000023
Figure FDA0002434330490000024
Figure FDA0002434330490000025
Figure FDA0002434330490000026
Figure FDA0002434330490000027
Figure FDA0002434330490000028
in the formula, P6EThe load force measured for the force-measuring device (6) located in the region E, P6SThe load force, P, measured for the force-measuring device (6) located in the region S6WThe load force measured for the force-measuring device (6) located in the W region, P6NThe load force is measured by a force measuring device (6) positioned in the N area;
Figure FDA0002434330490000029
the moment sum of the load force measured by the force measuring devices (6) positioned in the areas E and S relative to the longitudinal center line of the lower turntable (1);
Figure FDA00024343304900000210
the moment sum of the load force measured by the force measuring devices (6) positioned in the W area and the N area relative to the longitudinal center line of the lower turntable (1);
Figure FDA00024343304900000211
is a transverse unbalanced moment; e.g. of the typeHIs a lateral component of the eccentric amount of the center of gravity of the rotating body part (4), wherein "+" represents eccentricity to the left side, and "-" represents eccentricity to the right side; g is the weight of the swivel part (4);
eZthe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure FDA00024343304900000212
Figure FDA00024343304900000213
Figure FDA00024343304900000214
Figure FDA0002434330490000031
Figure FDA0002434330490000032
Figure FDA0002434330490000033
Figure FDA0002434330490000034
Figure FDA0002434330490000035
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002434330490000036
the moment sum of the load force measured by the force measuring devices (6) positioned in the areas E and N relative to the transverse center line of the lower turntable (1);
Figure FDA0002434330490000037
the moment sum of the load force measured by the force measuring devices (6) positioned in the S area and the W area relative to the transverse center line of the lower turntable (1);
Figure FDA0002434330490000038
longitudinal unbalance moment; e.g. of the typeZIs a swivel part (4)The longitudinal component of the eccentricity of the center of gravity, "+" indicates eccentricity to the major mileage side, and "-" indicates eccentricity to the minor mileage side.
3. The method for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel part of a swivel bridge according to claim 1, wherein the lower turntable (1) comprises a lower turntable body (10) and a lower spherical hinge (12), the center of the lower turntable body (10) is upwardly protruded and is formed with a lower turntable (11), and the lower spherical hinge (12) is arranged on the lower turntable (11); the radius r is the radius of the projection of the lower spherical hinge (12) on the lower disc body (10).
4. The method for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel section of a swivel bridge according to claim 3, wherein n and θ are calculated using the following equations:
Figure FDA0002434330490000039
Figure FDA00024343304900000310
5. method for measuring the centre of gravity of a swivel part of a swivel bridge according to claim 1, characterised in that after calculating the eccentricity e of the centre of gravity of the swivel part (4) it further comprises the steps of:
and e is compared with a preset multi-level threshold interval, the level of the threshold interval where e is located is judged, and corresponding early warning is sent out.
6. The method for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel portion of a swivel bridge according to claim 5, wherein the preset multi-level threshold intervals include a primary threshold interval, a secondary threshold interval, a tertiary threshold interval, and a quaternary threshold interval, and ranges of the primary threshold interval, the secondary threshold interval, the tertiary threshold interval, and the quaternary threshold interval are sequentially increased;
when e is in the primary threshold interval, a green early warning is sent out;
when e is in the secondary threshold interval, sending out a blue early warning;
when e is in the third-level threshold interval, sending out an orange early warning;
and when e is in the four-level threshold interval, sending out a red early warning.
7. Method for measuring the centre of gravity of a rotor section of a rotor bridge according to claim 1, characterised in that after calculating the eccentricity e of the centre of gravity of the rotor section (4) and before obtaining the actual centre of gravity of the rotor section (4), the following steps are included:
providing a load trolley (7) for verifying the eccentricity of the center of gravity;
obtaining m theoretical increments of e according to a preset increment amplitude delta x, wherein m is more than or equal to 2, and recording the ith theoretical increment as ei，ei＝iΔx,i＝1，2......m；
According to eiAnd in combination with the weight G of the load trolley (7)XCAnd the weight G of the swivel part (4), when e increases by eiThe distance L between the load trolley (7) and the center of the beam body (3) isi；
The load trolley (7) is placed on the beam body, the load trolley (7) and the e are positioned on the same side in the eccentric direction, and the load trolley (7) is moved to a position L away from the center of the beam body (3) along the longitudinal center lineiThe position of (a);
acquiring the load force measured by the force measuring device (6), and calculating the actual increment delta e of ei；
According to Δ e1，Δe2......ΔemAnd e1，e2......emAnd acquiring a correction relational expression, and correcting e by using the correction relational expression.
8. The method for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel section of a swivel bridge of claim 7, wherein L is calculated using the formulai：
Figure FDA0002434330490000051
9. A device for measuring the centre of gravity of a swivel part of a swivel bridge, which swivel bridge comprises a lower turntable (1) and a swivel part (4), said swivel part (4) comprising an upper turntable (2) and a beam (3), said beam (3) being rotatable around said lower turntable (1) by means of said upper turntable (2); characterized in that the device comprises:
4n force measuring devices (6) for measuring load force, wherein n is a positive integer; all the force measuring devices (6) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the lower turntable (1) at intervals uniformly and supported between the lower turntable (1) and the upper turntable (2), all the force measuring devices (6) are arranged in a surrounding manner to form a circle with the center O of the lower turntable (1) as the center of a circle and R as the radius, and the central angle between two adjacent force measuring devices (6) is theta;
and the control device (5) is connected with the force measuring device (6) and is used for acquiring the load force measured by the force measuring device (6) and calculating the gravity center eccentricity e of the rotating body part (4) by combining R and theta.
10. The apparatus for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel section of a swivel bridge of claim 9, wherein:
the lower turntable (1) comprises:
-a lower tray (10) with a central upward projection and formed with a lower turntable (11);
-a lower spherical hinge (12) provided on said lower turret (11);
the upper turntable (2) comprises:
-an upper disc (20) with a downwardly convex centre and formed with an upper turntable (21);
-an upper spherical hinge (22) provided on said upper turntable (21); and the upper spherical hinge (22) is matched with the lower spherical hinge (12) so that the upper turntable (2) can rotate around the lower spherical hinge (12) through the upper spherical hinge (22).
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