CN111365384A

CN111365384A - Truck braking system

Info

Publication number: CN111365384A
Application number: CN202010227947.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何水龙; 田佳伟; 邓聚才; 许恩永; 王方圆; 向家伟
Original assignee: Guilin University of Electronic Technology; Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guilin University of Electronic Technology; Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-27
Filing date: 2020-03-27
Publication date: 2020-07-03
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-27
Also published as: CN111365384B

Abstract

The invention discloses a truck braking system, which comprises: the brake master cylinder comprises a cylinder body, an oil storage bin connected with the cylinder body, a first piston group penetrating into the cylinder body from one end of the cylinder body, and an oil outlet cover arranged at the other end of the cylinder body; the outer side of the oil outlet cover is provided with a first oil port, and the inner side of the oil outlet cover is provided with a control valve; a first reset piece is arranged between the control valve and the first piston group; the oil pipe is used for connecting the first oil port of the brake master pump with the brake calipers distributed at each wheel and can provide hydraulic pressure for each brake caliper; and, a brake disc secured to the hub of each wheel; the brake caliper is fixed to a truck suspension and is capable of clamping an outer edge of the brake disc. The invention can lead the deceleration and braking processes to be carried out relatively stably without strictly and uniformly controlling the action of pedal pressing, thereby improving the experience degree of driving and traveling and improving the braking safety.

Description

Truck braking system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of truck production and manufacturing, in particular to a truck braking system.

Background

The brake system of the existing truck is usually controlled by hydraulic pressure, and comprises a brake pedal, a vacuum booster, a master cylinder storing brake fluid, wheel cylinders distributed at each wheel and brakes thereof; the master braking pump is connected with each slave cylinder through oil pipes, and hydraulic driving force is provided through braking liquid. Among them, the disc brake is widely used in the middle and high-end truck brake system due to its many superior performances such as fast and effective braking effect, good braking heat fading, etc. The braking effect of the existing brake is rapid and jerky, when a brake pedal is pedaled, the truck can be quickly stopped, but inertia risk and driving smoothness are caused when the vehicle is suddenly stopped, and a driver needs to strictly and slowly control the pedal force and the pressing stroke of the driver so that the deceleration and braking processes of the vehicle can be stably carried out, so that the driver needs to have good control skills in the foot force pressing action. For drivers who are not skilled in driving, due to the fact that pedal stroke control is not skilled, intermittent 'forward-prompting' action is easy to occur in the braking process of the vehicle, even the vehicle is suddenly braked to cause the problem that articles in the vehicle fall or other personal safety problems, and the driving and traveling experience degree is greatly reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems occurring in the prior art.

Therefore, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a truck braking system, which can solve the defects of the prior art that the braking process of the brake is not smooth and the force is difficult to control.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a truck brake system, comprising: the brake master cylinder comprises a cylinder body, an oil storage bin connected with the cylinder body, a first piston group penetrating into the cylinder body from one end of the cylinder body, and an oil outlet cover arranged at the other end of the cylinder body; the outer side of the oil outlet cover is provided with a first oil port, and the inner side of the oil outlet cover is provided with a control valve; a first reset piece is arranged between the control valve and the first piston group; the oil pipe is used for connecting the first oil port of the brake master pump with the brake calipers distributed at each wheel and can provide hydraulic pressure for each brake caliper; the brake disc is fixed on the hub of each wheel and can synchronously rotate with the corresponding wheel; the brake caliper is fixed to a truck suspension and can clamp an outer edge of the brake disc, and the brake caliper can remain stationary.

As a preferable aspect of the truck brake system of the present invention, wherein: a compensation oil hole and an oil return hole are formed in the side wall, connected with the oil storage bin, of the cylinder body; one end of the cylinder body corresponding to the oil outlet cover is an oil outlet end, and the other end of the cylinder body is an extrusion end; the first piston group comprises a piston positioned in the cylinder body and a push rod which is connected with the piston and penetrates out of the extrusion end; a pressure cavity is formed between the head of the piston and the oil outlet cover; the periphery of the piston is provided with a depressed area, and a depressed cavity is formed between the depressed area and the inner side wall of the cylinder body; the head of the piston is provided with a balance hole for communicating the pressure cavity and the sunken cavity, and the outer side surface of the head of the piston is provided with a flexible plugging piece attached to the balance hole; when the piston is positioned at the extrusion end, the head of the piston and the flexible plugging piece are positioned between the compensation oil hole and the oil return hole.

As a preferable aspect of the truck brake system of the present invention, wherein: the head of the piston is further fixedly provided with an extended screw rod, the screw rod is connected with an extrusion ring through threads, and the extrusion ring presses at least part of the position on the flexible plugging piece on the head of the piston; one end of the first resetting piece is extruded on the extrusion ring.

As a preferable aspect of the truck brake system of the present invention, wherein: the control valve comprises a support cap pressed on the inner side of the oil outlet cover by the first resetting piece and a flexible sealing cap arranged inside the support cap; the supporting cap comprises a cap wall, a supporting part which is arranged at one end of the cap wall and is pressed on the inner side surface of the oil outlet cover, and a blocking end which is blocked at the other end of the cap wall; a confluence hole for communicating the first oil port with the pressure cavity is formed in the cap wall; the flexible sealing cap comprises a fixing part fixed on the plugging end in a fitting mode and a deformation part attached to the inner side of the confluence hole.

As a preferable aspect of the truck brake system of the present invention, wherein: the brake caliper comprises a first clamping assembly and a second clamping assembly which can generate relative movement; the first clamping assembly comprises a fixed seat fixed on a truck suspension, a second piston group arranged in the fixed seat in a sliding mode, and a first brake pad fixed at the outer end of the second piston group, wherein one end of the second piston group extends outwards; a second oil port connected with the oil pipe is arranged outside the fixed seat, and a first sliding cavity matched with the second piston group and a first oil delivery channel communicated with the second oil port and the first sliding cavity are arranged inside the fixed seat; the second clamping assembly comprises a connecting frame connected with the fixed seat and a second brake pad fixed on the inner side of the connecting frame; the second brake pad is opposite to the first brake pad, and an interlayer space is formed, and the outer edge of the brake disc extends into the interlayer space.

As a preferable aspect of the truck brake system of the present invention, wherein: a connecting column is arranged on the other side, opposite to the first brake pad, of the fixed seat, and a second oil delivery channel extending to the first sliding cavity is arranged inside the connecting column; the connecting frame comprises a first outer edge part, a second outer edge part and a connecting plate connected between the first outer edge part and the second outer edge part; a second sliding cavity matched with the connecting column is arranged on the first outer edge part, and the connecting column is inserted into the second sliding cavity; the second brake pad is fixed to the inner side of the second outer edge portion, and a second reset piece is arranged between the second outer edge portion and the fixing seat.

As a preferable aspect of the truck brake system of the present invention, wherein: the second piston group comprises a first sliding piece, a second sliding piece and a first elastic piece connected between the first sliding piece and the second sliding piece; the first sliding part is positioned at the outer end of the second sliding part and at least partially extends out of the first sliding cavity; a third reset piece is arranged between the first sliding piece and the outer port of the first sliding cavity; when the first elastic piece is in a natural state, the second sliding piece can block the inner port of the second oil delivery channel; when the first brake pad contacts the brake disc and the first elastic piece is compressed and shortened, the second sliding piece can be dislocated with the inner port of the second oil delivery channel and is unblocked.

As a preferable aspect of the truck brake system of the present invention, wherein: the first sliding piece comprises an outer end head connected with the first brake pad, a plug-in cylinder fixed on the inner end of the outer end head, and a circle of limiting rings arranged on the periphery of the outer end head; an accommodating groove is formed in the outer port of the first sliding cavity, one end of the third resetting piece is embedded into the accommodating groove, and the other end of the third resetting piece abuts against the outer side face of the limiting ring; one end of the second sliding part, corresponding to the first sliding part, is provided with an annular groove corresponding to the inserting cylinder, and the other end of the second sliding part is provided with an inwards concave pressure groove.

As a preferable aspect of the truck brake system of the present invention, wherein: a third oil delivery channel connected between the first oil delivery channel and the second oil delivery channel is further arranged inside the fixed seat, an accommodating cavity is formed in the third oil delivery channel, and a ball body and a second elastic piece are arranged in the accommodating cavity; the outer diameter of the ball body is smaller than the accommodating cavity and larger than the third oil delivery channel, one end of the second elastic piece abuts against the ball body, and the other end of the second elastic piece abuts against one end, corresponding to the first oil delivery channel, of the accommodating cavity.

As a preferable aspect of the truck brake system of the present invention, wherein: the second outer edge part is connected with the fixed seat through a guide bolt; the tail end of a bolt rod of the guide bolt is provided with a screw rod section, and the outer end face of the fixed seat is provided with a screw hole matched with the screw rod section; a through hole matched with the outer diameter of the bolt rod is formed in the second outer edge part; the guide bolt penetrates through the through hole and is fixedly connected with the screw hole through a screw rod section at the tail end of the guide bolt; the second resets the piece and overlaps in the periphery of screw rod section, and its one end supports in the medial surface of second edgewise portion, and the other end supports in the outer terminal surface of fixing base.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the braking process, the early-stage single-side friction braking can play a transitional retarding role so as to stably reduce the vehicle speed; when the vehicle body traveling speed is reduced to a certain extent, final parking can be achieved under the clasping of the double-side friction brakes. Therefore, the deceleration and braking processes of the vehicle can be carried out stably, the pedal pressing action does not need to be controlled strictly and uniformly, the driving and traveling experience is improved, and the braking safety is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:

fig. 1 is an overall structural view of a truck brake system.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the master cylinder.

Fig. 3 is a structural view at a in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a structural view at B in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the master cylinder.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the brake caliper and brake disc.

Fig. 7 is an internal configuration diagram of the holder.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the brake caliper.

Fig. 9 is a detailed view of the structure at C in fig. 8.

FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the brake caliper.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Furthermore, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a truck brake system including a master cylinder 100 for supplying hydraulic power, an oil pipe 200 for transferring brake fluid, brake discs 300 fixed to a wheel hub, and brake calipers provided corresponding to the respective brake discs 300.

The master cylinder 100 comprises a cylinder body 101, an oil storage bin 102 connected with the cylinder body 101, a first piston group 103 penetrating into the cylinder body 101 from one end of the cylinder body 101, and an oil outlet cover 104 arranged at the other end of the cylinder body 101; the outer side of the oil outlet cover 104 is provided with a first oil port 104a, and the inner side is provided with a control valve 105; a first reset 106 is arranged between the control valve 105 and the first piston group 103.

The oil sump 102 is preferably integrally formed with the cylinder 101, and both of them store brake fluid therein, which are communicated with each other. The first piston group 103 is slidable in the cylinder 101, generates hydraulic pressure, and presses the brake fluid in the cylinder 101 from the first oil port 104a into the oil pipe 200 connected thereto. The first restoring member 106 is a compression spring for restoring the first piston group 103 sliding inward. The oil outlet cover 104 is one end cover fixed to an end of the cylinder 101, and the other end of the cylinder 101 is also provided with the other end cover.

The brake disc 300 is fixed to a hub of each wheel and can rotate synchronously with the corresponding wheel; the brake caliper is fixed to a truck suspension, and can clamp an outer edge of the brake disc 300 by hydraulic driving, and can be held stationary.

The oil pipe 200 connects the first oil port 104a of the master cylinder 100 with the brake calipers distributed at each wheel, and can provide hydraulic drive to each brake caliper, so that the brake calipers clamp and brake the brake disc 300, and the brake function is realized.

Furthermore, a through compensation oil hole 101a and an oil return hole 101b are provided on a side wall of the cylinder body 101 connected to the oil storage bin 102. The present invention defines: one end of the cylinder body 101 corresponding to the oil outlet cover 104 is an oil outlet end, and the other end is an extrusion end. Therefore, the oil outlet cover 104 is fixed on the oil outlet end, and the compensation oil hole 101a is closer to the oil outlet end than the oil return hole 101 b.

The first piston group 103 includes a piston 103a located inside the cylinder 101 and a push rod 103b connected to the piston 103a and extending out of the pressing end, the push rod 103b can be externally connected to a vacuum booster and a brake pedal, and when the brake pedal is stepped on by a foot, the push rod 103b can be pushed by the vacuum booster, so that the piston 103a slides in the cylinder 101.

A pressure chamber M-1 is formed between the head part of the piston 103a and the oil outlet cover 104; the outer periphery of the piston 103a has an annular recessed area 103a-1, and a recessed chamber M-2 is formed between the recessed area 103a-1 and the inner side wall of the cylinder 101. The head of the piston 103a is provided with a balance hole 103a-2 which can communicate the pressure chamber M-1 and the depression chamber M-2, and the outer side surface of the head of the piston 103a is provided with a flexible plugging piece 103c which is attached to the balance hole 103 a-2; the flexible closure 103c is capable of undergoing flexural deformations and is preferably of annular configuration made of rubber.

It should be noted that: in an initial state (i.e., when the piston 103a is at the pressing end), the head of the piston 103a and the flexible seal 103c are positioned between the compensating oil hole 101a and the oil return hole 101b, and seal neither the compensating oil hole 101a nor the oil return hole 101 b. When the brake fluid of the depressed chamber M-2 and the pressure chamber M-1 is contracted and expanded due to leakage or a change in air temperature, balance can be maintained by the compensation oil hole 101a and the oil return hole 101 b. In addition, since the compensation oil hole 101a communicates the reservoir 102 with the pressure chamber M-1, when braking is released, the compensation oil hole 101a can communicate the reservoir 102 with the brake caliper, which can supplement the loss of brake fluid due to heat or abrasion.

The control valve 105 of the present invention includes a support cap 105a pressed on the inside of the oil outlet cover 104 by the first restoring member 106, and a flexible sealing cap 105b provided inside the support cap 105 a.

Specifically, the supporting cap 105a comprises a cap wall 105a-1 with an annular cylinder wall structure, a supporting part 105a-2 which is arranged at one end of the cap wall 105a-1 and is pressed on the inner side surface of the oil outlet cover 104, and a blocking end 105a-3 which blocks the other end of the cap wall 105 a-1. The support portion 105a-2 is an annular structure pressed against the inner surface of the oil outlet cover 104, and is pressed by the first returning member 106 to be attached to the inner surface of the oil outlet cover 104, and is only in contact connection and separable. The blocking end 105a-3 is a disk-shaped blocking structure at the other end of the cap wall 105 a-1. The cap wall 105a-1 is provided with a confluence hole 105a-4 for communicating the first oil port 104a with the pressure chamber M-1.

The flexible sealing cap 105b is preferably made of rubber and includes a fixed portion 105b-1 attached to the inner side of the plugging end 105a-3 and a deformable portion 105b-2 attached to the inner side of the bus bar hole 105 a-4. The fixed part 105b-1 is a disc plugging structure matched with the inner side surface of the plugging end 105 a-3; the deformation portion 105b-2 is attached to the contour of the inner wall of the cap wall 105a-1, and covers the inside of the confluence hole 105a-4 in a normal state, so that the confluence hole 105a-4 can be opened when being impacted by brake fluid.

In summary, the action process of the master cylinder 100 of the present invention is as follows:

in the initial state, the piston 103a is positioned at the head of the extrusion end piston 103a and the flexible blocking piece 103c is positioned between the compensation oil hole 101a and the oil return hole 101 b;

when the brake pedal is stepped on by foot, the pressure chamber M-1 seals the pressure of the cylinder 101, and the recessed chamber M-2 prevents brake fluid from leaking from the bottom of the piston 103 a; the piston 103a slides forward in the cylinder 101 and closes the compensation oil hole 101 a. Due to the increase of the hydraulic pressure in the pressure chamber M-1, the brake fluid in the pressure chamber M-1 can press the exposed portion of the deformation portion 105b-2 through the confluence hole 105a-4 of the support cap 105a and push it away completely to be separated from the cap wall 105a-1, and at this time, the brake fluid can pass through the control valve 105 and be pressed into the oil pipe 200 connected thereto through the first oil port 104 a.

When the brake is released, the piston 103a gradually returns to the initial position backwards, the compensation oil hole 101a is opened, and simultaneously, the hydraulic pressure in the pressure chamber M-1 is reduced, and the brake fluid in the brake caliper and the oil pipe 200 is sucked into the first oil hole 104 a; since the support cap 105a is only pressed against the inner surface of the oil outlet cover 104, the brake fluid sucked to the first oil port 104a can push the entire control valve 105 open and flow back to the pressure chamber M-1 and the oil reservoir 102 along the original path.

When the brake pedal is released too fast, the piston 103a can return fast under the compression of the first return member 106, but the brake fluid can not quickly enter the pressure chamber M-1 in response immediately, so that a low pressure area can be quickly formed in the pressure chamber M-1, and in order to prevent external air from entering the system, the balance hole 103a-2 is arranged at the head of the piston 103 a. That is, in this low pressure state, the brake fluid in the depressed cavity M-2 can push the flexible blocking member 103c open through the balance hole 103a-2, so that the flexible blocking member 103c is bent and deformed, and is gathered into the pressure cavity M-1 through the balance hole 103a-2 to balance the pressure difference, preventing the infiltration of a small amount of outside air; meanwhile, the brake fluid in the oil storage bin 102 can be continuously replenished into the recessed cavity M-2 through the oil return hole 101 b.

Furthermore, the head of the piston 103a is further fixed with an outward extending screw 103a-3, the screw 103a-3 is connected with an extrusion ring 103d through a thread, the main body of the extrusion ring 103d is of a sleeve structure, the outer edge of the extrusion ring has a raised arc edge 103d-1, and the extrusion ring 103d presses at least part of the position of the flexible plugging piece 103c on the head of the piston 103a through the arc edge 103d-1 (for example, the arc edge 103d-1 only presses the inner ring edge of the flexible plugging piece 103c, so that the outer edge of the flexible plugging piece 103c can be deformed and is not hindered by a stroke); one end of the first reset member 106 presses the upper arc edge 103d-1 of the pressing ring 103d, and the other end presses the supporting portion 105a-2 of the supporting cap 105 a.

Further, referring to FIGS. 6-10, the brake caliper of the present invention includes a first clamp assembly 400 and a second clamp assembly 500 that are capable of relative movement.

The first clamping assembly 400 includes a fixed seat 401 fixed to the truck suspension strut, a second piston set 402 slidably disposed inside the fixed seat 401 and having one end extending outward, and a first brake pad 403 fixed to an outer end of the second piston set 402. A second oil port 401a connected with the oil pipe 200 is arranged outside the fixing seat 401, and is connected with the first oil port 104a of the master cylinder 100 through the oil pipe 200, and a first sliding cavity 401b matched with the second piston set 402 and a first oil delivery channel 401c communicating the second oil port 401a with the first sliding cavity 401b are arranged inside the fixing seat 401.

The second clamping assembly 500 comprises a connecting frame 501 connected with the fixed seat 401 and a second brake pad 502 fixed on the inner side of the connecting frame 501; the second brake pad 502 and the first brake pad 403 are opposed to each other, and an interlayer space exists. An edge portion of the brake disc 300 extends into the sandwiched space between the second brake pad 502 and the first brake pad 403. The master cylinder 100 can inject brake fluid into the second oil port 401a through the oil pipe 200, and charge the brake fluid into the first sliding cavity 401b to push the second piston group 402 to slide outwards, so that the first brake pad 403 can gradually approach the brake disc 300, and can clamp the brake disc 300 together with the second brake pad 502 to realize a braking effect on the brake disc and the wheel.

Further, the connecting frame 501 includes a first outer edge 501a, a second outer edge 501b and a connecting plate 501c connected therebetween. The first and second

outer edge portions

501a and 501b are arc-shaped plate structures at both ends of the connecting frame 501, and the connecting plate 501c is a plate structure connected between the first and second

outer edge portions

501a and 501b, and they are preferably integrally formed. The first outer edge portion 501a is connected to the holder 401, and the second brake pad 502 is fixed to the inside of the second outer edge portion 501 b.

A connection post 401d is disposed on the other side of the fixed seat 401 with respect to the first brake pad 403, an extending direction of the connection post 401d is opposite to an opening direction of the first sliding chamber 401b, and a second oil delivery passage 401e extending to the first sliding chamber 401b is disposed inside the connection post 401 d.

The first outer edge portion 501a is provided with a second sliding cavity 501a-1 which is matched with the connecting column 401d, and the connecting column 401d is inserted into the second sliding cavity 501a-1 and can slide relatively. Therefore, the brake fluid that has entered the first sliding chamber 401b through the second oil port 401a can also enter the second sliding chamber 501a-1 through the second oil delivery passage 401e and squeeze and push the connection column 401 d; since the connection column 401d is provided on the other side of the holder 401 with respect to the first brake pad 403, the second brake pad 502 can move in a direction close to the first brake pad 403; finally, the first brake pad 403 and the second brake pad 502, which are moved toward each other, can sandwich the brake disc 300 together, thereby achieving braking.

A second reset piece 503 is disposed between the second outer edge 501b and the fixing base 401. The second returning member 503 may be a compression spring for releasing the return stroke of the second clamping assembly 500 after braking, and may push the connecting bracket 501 so that the second brake pad 502 is away from the first brake pad 403.

Further, the second piston set 402 includes a first slide 402a, a second slide 402b, and a first elastic member 402c connected therebetween, the first elastic member 402c is a compression spring having a tendency to spread apart the first slide 402a and the second slide 402 b. The first slide 402a is located at the outer end of the second slide 402b and protrudes at least partially out of the first slide cavity 401b, and the first brake pad 403 is fixed on the outer end head of the first slide 402 a; a third reset piece 402d is arranged between the outer port of the first sliding cavity 401b and the first sliding piece 402a, and is used for resetting the second piston group 402.

When the first elastic member 402c is in a natural extension state, the second slider 402b can completely block an inner port of the second oil delivery passage 401e (i.e., a port at which the second oil delivery passage 401e communicates with the first sliding chamber 401 b). When the first brake pad 403 contacts the brake disc 300 and the first elastic member 402c is compressed and contracted, the second sliding member 402b can slide outward gradually and eventually become misaligned with the inner port of the second oil delivery passage 401e, and unblocks the inner port of the second oil delivery passage 401 e.

With the above arrangement, when the driver starts to pedal the brake pedal, brake fluid can first enter the first sliding chamber 401b and drive only the first brake pad 403 to squeeze the brake disc 300 (since the inner port of the second oil delivery channel 401e is still blocked by the second slider 402b in the early stage, brake fluid cannot enter the second sliding chamber 501a-1 through the second oil delivery channel 401e, that is, the second brake pad 502 in the early stage of braking is not moved and does not squeeze the brake disc 300); since only the first brake pad 403 presses the brake disc 300, the single-sided friction is small, and the vehicle body can be slowly braked and decelerated, providing a smooth transition process in the early stage.

When the driver continues to squeeze the brake pedal with force, the first brake pad 403 and the first sliding member 402a are restricted by the brake disc 300 and cannot move continuously, so that the second sliding member 402b can gradually overcome the elastic force of the first elastic member 402c in the gradually increasing hydraulic environment and continuously slide outwards until the second sliding member is dislocated with the inner port of the second oil delivery channel 401e, and the inner port of the second oil delivery channel 401e is communicated so far, so that the brake fluid in the first sliding cavity 401b can gradually enter the second sliding cavity 501a-1 at the later stage and drive the second brake pad 502 to synchronously squeeze the brake disc 300, and finally, the co-clamping effect of the brake pads on the two sides is realized, and the complete braking is realized.

In summary, in the braking process, the early-stage single-side friction braking can play a transitional speed slowing role so as to reduce the vehicle speed stably; when the vehicle body running speed is reduced to a certain degree, the final parking can be realized under the holding of the friction brakes on the two sides. Therefore, the braking process is relatively stable, the action stroke of pedal pressing does not need to be strictly and uniformly controlled, and the stable speed reduction can be realized only by slowly stepping down in the whole process.

Of course, the invention can also realize emergency quick braking to adapt to the situation of needing emergency stop. When the brake pedal is pressed down forcibly and quickly, the brake fluid in the master cylinder 100 can be quickly flushed into the first sliding cavity 401b, and the first sliding part 402a and the second sliding part 402b can quickly slide outwards after being subjected to large hydraulic impact, so that the inner port of the second oil delivery channel 401e can also be quickly opened, that is, the first brake pad 403 and the second brake pad 502 can be clamped tightly, and emergency braking parking can be realized.

Further, the first slider 402a includes an outer end 402a-1 connected to the first brake pad 403, a socket 402a-2 fixed to an inner end of the outer end 402a-1, and a ring of retainer rings 402a-3 disposed on a periphery of the outer end 402 a-1. The insertion tube 402a-2 is a hollow tubular structure, and the retainer ring 402a-3 is a ring of annular protrusion structure.

A circle of accommodating groove 401b-1 is arranged at the outer port of the first sliding cavity 401b, one end of the third resetting piece 402d is embedded in the accommodating groove 401b-1, the other end of the third resetting piece is abutted against the outer side surface of the limiting ring 402a-3, and the second piston group 402 tends to be integrally pressed back to the first sliding cavity 401 b. The third returning member 402d may be a compression spring, or may be a ring-shaped metal plate spring.

The outer diameter of second slide 402b fits to the inner diameter of first slide cavity 401 b. The end of the second slide 402b corresponding to the first slide 402a is provided with an annular groove 402b-1 corresponding to the socket 402a-2, and the socket 402a-2 can be inserted into the annular groove 402b-1 and can slide relatively. The first elastic member 402c is inserted into the annular groove 402b-1, and has one end abutting against the bottom surface of the annular groove 402b-1 and the other end abutting against the end of the insertion tube 402 a-2. The other end of the second sliding part 402b is provided with an inwards concave pressure groove 402b-2, the bottom surface of the pressure groove 402b-2 is preferably spherical, so that brake fluid entering the inner end of the first sliding cavity 401b can directly impact the pressure groove 402b-2, and the transmission effect of hydraulic drive is optimized.

Further, a third oil delivery channel 401f connected between the first oil delivery channel 401c and the second oil delivery channel 401e is further arranged inside the fixed seat 401, an accommodating cavity 401f-1 is formed in the third oil delivery channel 401f, and a ball 401g and a second elastic piece 401h are arranged in the accommodating cavity 401 f-1.

The outer diameter of the sphere 401g is smaller than the accommodating cavity 401f-1 and larger than the third oil delivery channel 401 f; the second elastic member 401h is a compression spring, and one end of the second elastic member abuts against the ball 401g, and the other end abuts against one end of the accommodating cavity 401f-1 corresponding to the first oil delivery channel 401 c. Therefore, the ball 401g can be blocked at an end of the accommodation chamber 401f-1 corresponding to the second oil delivery passage 401e by the pressing of the second elastic member 401 h.

Therefore, when the master cylinder 100 injects brake fluid into the first sliding chamber 401b, the brake fluid cannot be directly merged from the third oil delivery channel 401f into the second oil delivery channel 401e by the first oil delivery channel 401c, ensuring that the brake fluid can only enter the second oil delivery channel 401e through the first sliding chamber 401 b; meanwhile, when the brake is released and the brake fluid returns to the original position, the brake fluid in the second sliding chamber 501a-1 and the second oil delivery channel 401e can flush the ball 401g and enter the first oil delivery channel 401c through the third oil delivery channel 401f, so that the brake fluid can smoothly return.

Furthermore, annular sealing ring fixing grooves are formed in the inner side walls of the first sliding cavity 401b and the second sliding cavity 501a-1, and a sealing ring Q is arranged in each sealing ring fixing groove, so that the sealing effect of the structure is improved, and oil leakage is prevented.

Further, a guide strip 401i is arranged on the fixed seat 401; a guide groove 501c-1 matched with the guide strip 401i is formed in the inner side wall of the connecting plate 501c, and an embedded groove 501c-2 is formed in one end, corresponding to the second outer edge portion 501b, of the guide groove 501 c-1; the guide bar 401i can be inserted into the guide groove 501c-1 from the insertion groove 501c-2 and can slide in the guide groove 501c-1 relatively, so as to ensure that the whole connecting frame 501 can move linearly relative to the fixed seat 401.

The length direction of the guide groove 501c-1 is consistent with the length direction of the connecting column 401d, and the cross-sectional profile of the guide strip 401i is a major arc, so that the width of the notch of the guide groove 501c-1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner side wall of the guide groove 501c-1, so as to ensure that the guide strip 401i cannot be laterally separated from the guide groove 501 c-1. The width of the notch of the insertion groove 501c-2 is not smaller than the inner diameter of the inner side wall of the guide groove 501c-1 to ensure that the guide bar 401i can be inserted into the guide groove 501c-1 from the insertion groove 501 c-2.

Further, the second outer edge portion 501b is connected to the fixing base 401 by a guide bolt 504; the guide bolt 504 has a bolt shaft with an outer end formed as a bolt head and an inner end formed as a threaded rod section having an external thread. A screw hole 401j matched with the screw rod section is formed in the outer end face of the fixed seat 401; the second outer edge 501b is provided with a through hole 501b-1 matched with the outer diameter of the bolt rod; the guide bolt 504 passes through the through hole 501b-1 and is fixedly connected with the screw hole 401j through a screw section at the end thereof. Therefore, the guide bolt 504 can provide both an auxiliary guiding function for the sliding of the link frame 501 and define the initial position of the link frame 501 (i.e., the initial distance of the second brake pad 502 with respect to the brake disc 300) by the bolt head.

The second reset member 503 is sleeved on the periphery of the screw section, and one end of the second reset member abuts against the inner side surface of the second outer edge 501b, and the other end abuts against the outer end surface of the fixing seat 401.

Further, a first brake pad 403 is detachably mounted on the outer end of the first slider 402 a; the second brake pad 502 is detachably mounted inside the second outer edge portion 501 b; the first brake pad 403 or the second brake pad 502 of the present invention may be detachably attached by bolts.

The first brake pad 403 and the second brake pad 502 are identical and symmetrical in structure, and both include a backing plate Z-1 and a plurality of friction plates Z-2 detachably arranged and fixed to the backing plate Z-1. Preferably, each friction plate Z-2 is fixed on the bottom plate Z-1 through a countersunk head screw, and the outer end head of the screw is ensured to be lower than the outer side surface of the friction plate Z-2. Based on the above, when the friction plate Z-2 of the invention has non-abrasion local damage, the whole friction plate Z-2 does not need to be replaced, but only the friction plate Z-2 corresponding to the damaged part needs to be replaced by the block, thereby saving the material.

Further, at least two second piston groups 402 are arranged inside the fixed seat 401, and a first sliding cavity 401b, a first oil delivery passage 401c, a second oil delivery passage 401e, a third oil delivery passage 401f and the like which are matched with the second piston groups 402 are arranged inside the fixed seat 401; a connecting column 401d corresponding to each second oil delivery channel 401e is arranged on the outer side of the fixed seat 401; and the first outer edge portion 501a is also provided with a second sliding chamber 501a-1 fitted to each connecting column 401 d.

The outer ends of the second piston groups 402 are uniformly connected with the first brake pads 403, and the first oil delivery channels 401c are gathered in one path in the fixing seat 401 and are simultaneously communicated with the same second oil port 401a, so that uniform supply of multiple paths of first oil delivery channels 401c is realized.

Furthermore, the connecting plate 501c is provided with a through window 501c-3, so that the abrasion condition of the friction plate Z-2 positioned inside can be observed conveniently.

It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the present application as shown in the various exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters (e.g., temperatures, pressures, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter recited in this application. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any means-plus-function clause is intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present inventions. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to a particular embodiment, but extends to various modifications that nevertheless fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Moreover, in an effort to provide a concise description of the exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not be described (i.e., those unrelated to the presently contemplated best mode of carrying out the invention, or those unrelated to enabling the invention).

It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure, without undue experimentation.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A truck braking system characterized by: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,

the brake master cylinder (100) comprises a cylinder body (101), an oil storage bin (102) connected with the cylinder body (101), a first piston group (103) penetrating into the cylinder body (101) from one end of the cylinder body (101), and an oil outlet cover (104) arranged at the other end of the cylinder body (101); a first oil port (104a) is formed in the outer side of the oil outlet cover (104), and a control valve (105) is arranged in the inner side of the oil outlet cover; a first resetting piece (106) is arranged between the control valve (105) and the first piston group (103);

the oil pipe (200) connects the first oil port (104a) of the master cylinder (100) with the brake calipers distributed at each wheel and can provide hydraulic pressure for each brake caliper; and the number of the first and second groups,

the brake disc (300) is fixed on the hub of each wheel and can synchronously rotate with the corresponding wheel; the brake caliper is fixed to a truck suspension and can clamp the outer edge of the brake disc (300) and can be held stationary.

2. The truck braking system of claim 1, wherein: a compensation oil hole (101a) and an oil return hole (101b) are formed in the side wall, connected with the oil storage bin (102), of the cylinder body (101);

one end of the cylinder body (101) corresponding to the oil outlet cover (104) is an oil outlet end, and the other end of the cylinder body is an extrusion end; the first piston group (103) comprises a piston (103a) positioned inside the cylinder body (101) and a push rod (103b) which is connected with the piston (103a) and penetrates out of the extrusion end;

a pressure cavity (M-1) is formed between the head part of the piston (103a) and the oil outlet cover (104); the periphery of the piston (103a) is provided with a recessed area (103a-1), and a recessed cavity (M-2) is formed between the recessed area (103a-1) and the inner side wall of the cylinder (101); the head of the piston (103a) is provided with a balance hole (103a-2) for communicating the pressure cavity (M-1) with the depression cavity (M-2), and the outer side surface of the head of the piston (103a) is provided with a flexible plugging piece (103c) attached to the balance hole (103 a-2);

when the piston (103a) is positioned at the extrusion end, the head of the piston (103a) and the flexible plugging piece (103c) are positioned between the compensation oil hole (101a) and the oil return hole (101 b).

3. The truck braking system of claim 1, wherein: the head of the piston (103a) is also fixedly provided with a screw rod (103a-3) which extends outwards, a squeezing ring (103d) is connected onto the screw rod (103a-3) through threads, and the squeezing ring (103d) presses at least part of the position on the flexible plugging piece (103c) against the head of the piston (103 a); one end of the first resetting piece (106) is pressed on the pressing ring (103 d).

4. The truck braking system of claim 1, wherein: the control valve (105) comprises a supporting cap (105a) pressed on the inner side of the oil outlet cover (104) by the first resetting piece (106) and a flexible sealing cap (105b) arranged inside the supporting cap (105 a);

the supporting cap (105a) comprises a cap wall (105a-1), a supporting part (105a-2) which is arranged at one end of the cap wall (105a-1) and pressed on the inner side surface of the oil outlet cover (104), and a blocking end (105a-3) which blocks the other end of the cap wall (105 a-1); the cap wall (105a-1) is provided with a confluence hole (105a-4) for communicating the first oil port (104a) with the pressure cavity (M-1);

the flexible sealing cap (105b) comprises a fixed part (105b-1) which is fixedly attached to the plugging end (105a-3) in an attaching mode and a deformation part (105b-2) which is attached to the inner side of the confluence hole (105 a-4).

5. A truck braking system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein: the brake caliper comprises a first clamping assembly (400) and a second clamping assembly (500) capable of relative movement;

the first clamping assembly (400) comprises a fixed seat (401) fixed on a truck suspension, a second piston group (402) arranged inside the fixed seat (401) in a sliding mode and with one end extending outwards, and a first brake pad (403) fixed at the outer end of the second piston group (402); a second oil port (401a) connected with the oil pipe (200) is arranged outside the fixed seat (401), and a first sliding cavity (401b) matched with the second piston group (402) and a first oil delivery channel (401c) communicated with the second oil port (401a) and the first sliding cavity (401b) are arranged inside the fixed seat (401);

the second clamping assembly (500) comprises a connecting frame (501) connected with the fixed seat (401) and a second brake pad (502) fixed on the inner side of the connecting frame (501); the second brake pad (502) and the first brake pad (403) are opposite to each other, and a sandwiching space into which the outer edge of the brake disc (300) extends exists.

6. The truck braking system of claim 5, wherein: a connecting column (401d) is arranged on the other side, opposite to the first brake pad (403), of the fixing seat (401), and a second oil delivery channel (401e) extending to the first sliding cavity (401b) is arranged inside the connecting column (401 d);

the connecting frame (501) comprises a first outer edge part (501a), a second outer edge part (501b) and a connecting plate (501c) connected between the first outer edge part and the second outer edge part; a second sliding cavity (501a-1) matched with the connecting column (401d) is arranged on the first outer edge part (501a), and the connecting column (401d) is inserted into the second sliding cavity (501 a-1); the second brake pad (502) is fixed on the inner side of the second outer edge portion (501b), and a second reset piece (503) is arranged between the second outer edge portion (501b) and the fixed seat (401).

7. The truck braking system of claim 6, wherein: the second piston group (402) comprises a first slide (402a), a second slide (402b) and a first elastic piece (402c) connected between the first slide and the second slide; the first sliding piece (402a) is positioned at the outer end of the second sliding piece (402b) and at least partially protrudes out of the first sliding cavity (401 b); a third resetting piece (402d) is arranged between the first sliding piece (402a) and the outer port of the first sliding cavity (401 b);

when the first elastic piece (402c) is in a natural state, the second sliding piece (402b) can block the inner port of the second oil delivery channel (401 e);

when the first brake pad (403) contacts the brake disc (300) and the first elastic member (402c) is compressed and contracted, the second sliding member (402b) can be misaligned with the inner port of the second oil delivery passage (401e) and unblocked.

8. The truck braking system of claim 7, wherein: the first sliding piece (402a) comprises an outer end head (402a-1) connected with the first brake pad (403), a plug-in barrel (402a-2) fixed on the inner end of the outer end head (402a-1), and a ring of limiting rings (402a-3) arranged on the periphery of the outer end head (402 a-1); an accommodating groove (401b-1) is formed in the outer port of the first sliding cavity (401b), one end of the third resetting piece (402d) is embedded into the accommodating groove (401b-1), and the other end of the third resetting piece abuts against the outer side face of the limiting ring (402 a-3);

one end of the second sliding piece (402b) corresponding to the first sliding piece (402a) is provided with an annular groove (402b-1) corresponding to the plug-in cylinder (402a-2), and the other end of the second sliding piece (402b) is provided with a concave pressed groove (402 b-2).

9. A truck braking system according to any one of claims 6 to 8 wherein: a third oil delivery channel (401f) connected between the first oil delivery channel (401c) and the second oil delivery channel (401e) is further arranged inside the fixed seat (401), an accommodating cavity (401f-1) is formed in the third oil delivery channel (401f), and a sphere (401g) and a second elastic piece (401h) are arranged in the accommodating cavity (401 f-1);

the outer diameter of the ball body (401g) is smaller than the accommodating cavity (401f-1) and larger than the third oil delivery channel (401f), one end of the second elastic piece (401h) abuts against the ball body (401g), and the other end of the second elastic piece abuts against one end, corresponding to the first oil delivery channel (401c), of the accommodating cavity (401 f-1).

10. The truck braking system of claim 9, wherein: the second outer edge part (501b) is connected with the fixed seat (401) through a guide bolt (504);

the tail end of a bolt rod of the guide bolt (504) is provided with a screw rod section, and a screw hole (401j) matched with the screw rod section is formed in the outer end face of the fixed seat (401); a through hole (501b-1) matched with the outer diameter of the bolt rod is formed in the second outer edge part (501 b); the guide bolt (504) penetrates through the through hole (501b-1) and is fixedly connected with the screw hole (401j) through a screw rod section at the tail end of the guide bolt;

the second reset piece (503) is sleeved on the periphery of the screw section, one end of the second reset piece is abutted against the inner side face of the second outer edge portion (501b), and the other end of the second reset piece is abutted against the outer end face of the fixed seat (401).