CN111364295A

CN111364295A - Switch structure and track system

Info

Publication number: CN111364295A
Application number: CN202010284211.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗震; 刘皓; 丰文; 刘志超; 许森森
Original assignee: China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-13
Filing date: 2020-04-13
Publication date: 2020-07-03

Abstract

The invention provides a turnout structure and a track system, wherein the turnout structure comprises: a stock rail; a support member connected with the stock rail; the guard rail is arranged on the supporting piece and positioned on the side of the stock rail, and the guard rail and the stock rail jointly define a wheel edge groove; and the fastening piece penetrates through the support piece and the guard rail and extends towards one side of the stock rail. The invention adopts the transversely arranged fastening installation guard rail, can effectively avoid the shearing force borne by the fastener, reduce the damage to the fastener, effectively prolong the service life of the fastener, ensure the use safety of the turnout structure, has simple construction mode, lower requirement on the professional of workers and site construction environment and can ensure the construction quality.

Description

Switch structure and track system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of turnouts, in particular to a turnout structure and a track system.

Background

A switch structure is a connecting and crossing device that allows a rolling stock to enter or cross over from one route to another. The guard rail is an important part of a turnout structure, and has the main function of restricting the direction of wheels and ensuring the driving safety. In the related art, the turnout structure mainly has the following two modes:

the first type is a build-up welding type guard rail structure: the guard rail is not independently arranged, and the size of the wheel edge groove is adjusted in a surfacing mode at the rail lip position of the stock rail, so that the guard rail is played. However, the structure has the problems of higher on-site construction difficulty, strong construction operation speciality (which can be implemented by welding workers with professional training), easy influence of on-site environment (factors such as weather and temperature), difficult guarantee of quality state and the like.

The second type is a combined guard rail structure: the guard rail is fastened on the support through a vertical bolt and is provided with an adjusting sheet and a cover plate and other parts for preventing the adjusting sheet from jumping. However, the structure can enable the position of the guard rail to be adjustable and the guard rail to be replaceable at a later stage, but the vertical bolt is exposed on the ground surface and is easy to be impacted by repeated rolling of various vehicles; in such a working environment, the bolt is frequently subjected to large shear stress, and there is a risk of failure such as shearing of the screw.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art.

To this end, a first aspect of the invention provides a switch structure.

A second aspect of the invention provides a rail system.

A first aspect of the present invention provides a turnout structure, comprising: a stock rail; a support member connected with the stock rail; the guard rail is arranged on the supporting piece and positioned on the side of the stock rail, and the guard rail and the stock rail jointly define a wheel edge groove; and the fastening piece penetrates through the support piece and the guard rail and extends towards one side of the stock rail.

The invention provides a switch structure, comprising: stock rail, support piece, guard rail and fastener. Wherein, the supporting piece is connected with the stock rail and is used for installing the guard rail; the guard rail is arranged on the supporting piece and located on the side of the stock rail, and a wheel edge groove is defined between the working surface of the guard rail and the stock rail together to ensure the running safety of the locomotive. In particular, the fastening element is arranged through the support element and the guide rail, and the fastening element extends towards one side of the stock rail. That is, the fastener is wholly transversely arranged, so that the fastener is hidden below the ground surface, the impact caused by repeated rolling from the ground can be effectively avoided, and the service life of the fastener is ensured. Furthermore, transversely set up the fastener, when the locomotive passes through the fastener position, the extrusion force that the locomotive brought is the same with the axial of fastener, can effectively avoid the fastener to bear the shearing force, and then reduces the damage to the fastener in the very big degree to the life of extension fastener guarantees the safe in utilization of switch structure.

That is, the transversely arranged fastening installation guard rail is adopted, so that the fastener can be effectively prevented from bearing shearing force, the damage to the fastener is reduced, the service life of the fastener can be effectively prolonged, the use safety of the turnout structure is ensured, the construction mode is simple, the requirement on the professional performance of workers is low, the requirement on the site construction environment is low, and the construction quality can be ensured.

The turnout structure according to the technical scheme of the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:

in the above technical solution, the method further comprises: the accommodating space is arranged on the guard rail and communicated with the rim groove, and the head of the fastener is accommodated in the accommodating space.

In the technical scheme, an accommodating space is formed by inwards recessing the end face of the guard rail facing the stock rail, the accommodating space is communicated with the wheel rim groove, and the head of the fastener is accommodated in the accommodating space. That is, in the use process of the turnout structure, the head of the fastener is accommodated in the accommodating space, so that the space of the wheel rim groove is not occupied, the head of the fastener is ensured not to influence the size of the wheel rim groove, and the operation safety of the locomotive is ensured; meanwhile, the head of the fastener is hidden in the rim groove, and the structure of the rim groove is small, so that the fastener needs to be disassembled and assembled by a special tool, the safety performance of the turnout structure can be effectively improved, and the situation that non-workers detach the fastener randomly is avoided.

In any of the above technical solutions, the method further includes: and the avoidance vacancy is arranged on the guard rail, and the support piece is arranged at the avoidance vacancy.

In the technical scheme, the guard rail is provided with an avoidance vacancy, and the support piece is arranged at the avoidance vacancy so as to support and connect the guard rail, ensure the stability of the relative position of the guard rail and the stock rail and ensure the safety performance of the turnout structure.

Specifically, the avoidance vacant positions are step bayonets arranged on the guard rails and are distributed discontinuously, so that the guard rails are supported and connected from multiple positions.

In any of the above solutions, the support member includes: the main body is connected with the stock rail and is positioned at the avoidance vacancy; spacing portion sets up in the main part, is located the one side that the guardrail deviates from the stock rail, and the fastener runs through in guardrail and spacing portion setting.

In this technical scheme, support piece includes main part and spacing portion, and support piece is "L" type. The main body is arranged at the position of the avoidance vacancy and is connected with the stock rail, so that the stable position of the supporting piece is ensured; spacing portion sets up in the main part to be in the one side that the guardrail deviates from the stock rail, leave certain installation distance between spacing portion and the stock rail, and then set up the guard rail in the top of main part, make support piece simultaneously with the upper surface of main part and the lateral wall looks butt of spacing portion.

Particularly, in the use process of the turnout structure, the side wall of the guard rail is abutted against the limiting part. When the locomotive passes, the limiting part can provide a supporting force for the guard rail towards one side of the stock rail, so that the impact brought by the locomotive is overcome; likewise, the body may be used to overcome pressure from the top of the fastener, ensuring that the fastener is balanced.

In any of the above aspects, the fastener comprises: the fastening bolt penetrates through the support piece and the guard rail, and the head of the fastening bolt is positioned in the wheel rim groove; and the fastening nut is welded on one side of the support piece, which is far away from the guard rail, and covers the end part of the fastening bolt.

In this solution, the fastener includes a fastening bolt and a fastening nut. The fastening bolt is transversely arranged and penetrates through the support piece and the guard rail, so that stable connection between the support piece and the guard rail is ensured; the head of the fastening bolt is arranged in the rim groove, so that the fastening bolt is prevented from being assembled and disassembled by non-workers at will; the fastening nut is welded on one side of the support piece, which is far away from the guard rail, and is buckled at the tail part of the fastening bolt, so that the connection stability of the fastening bolt is ensured, and particularly the stability of the fastening bolt below the ground surface can be ensured.

In any of the above technical solutions, the method further includes: and the adjusting gasket is sleeved on the fastening bolt and is positioned between the head of the fastening bolt and the support piece.

In this technical scheme, the switch structure still includes the adjustment shim. The adjusting shim is sleeved on the fastening bolt and is positioned between the head of the fastening bolt and the support piece. Through adjusting shim's setting, can effectively adjust the relative distance between guardrail and the stock rail, and then change the size in wheel flange groove to adapt to different locomotives, can compensate partly manufacturing error simultaneously, reduce the manufacturing degree of difficulty to support piece, promote support piece's manufacturing efficiency.

In particular, during the installation of the guard rail, the relative distance between the guard rail and the stock rail can be adjusted by selecting adjusting shims with different thicknesses.

In any of the above technical solutions, the method further includes: and the rail lips are discontinuously arranged on the stock rail, and the guard rail is configured to connect two adjacent rail lips.

In this solution, the stock rail is provided with an interrupted rail lip. The guard rail is arranged at the position of the stock rail without the rail lips so as to connect two adjacent rail lips, ensure the continuity of the wheel edge groove, ensure the stable running of the locomotive and simultaneously ensure the installation position of the guard rail.

In any of the above technical solutions, the method further includes: and a wear mark line provided on the guard rail, the wear mark line being configured to display a degree of wear of the guard rail.

In the technical scheme, a wear mark line is arranged on the guard rail. Wherein, with the use of switch structure, certain wearing and tearing can appear in the guardrail. Therefore, through setting up the wearing and tearing mark line, the staff of being convenient for knows the degree of wear of guardrail in real time, and then maintains or changes the guardrail when necessary, guarantees the safety in utilization of switch structure.

In any of the above technical solutions, the method further includes: the mounting groove is arranged on the support piece; the mounting bolt penetrates through the supporting piece and the stock rail from the mounting groove; the gasket is sleeved in the mounting groove; and the mounting nut is screwed on the mounting bolt.

In the technical scheme, one side of the supporting piece, which is far away from the stock rail, is provided with a mounting groove; the turnout structure further comprises a mounting bolt, a washer and a mounting nut. Wherein, the mounting bolt runs through in support piece and stock rail setting from mounting groove, and mounting nut screws up in mounting bolt from the other end, and the packing ring setting is between mounting nut and stock rail to guarantee the stable connection between support piece and the stock rail.

A second aspect of the invention provides a rail system comprising: a travel track; and the turnout structure of any one of the above technical schemes; wherein the switch structure is configured to change an extending direction of the travel track.

The invention provides a track system, which comprises: a running rail and a switch structure according to any one of the above technical solutions. Therefore, the overall beneficial effects of the turnout structure are not discussed in detail herein.

The turnout structure is connected with the traveling track, and the extending direction of the traveling track can be changed, so that the rail transfer operation of the locomotive is realized.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the switch structure of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a guardrail in the turnout configuration of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic structural view of the guard rail of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a partial schematic structural view of the guard rail of the embodiment of FIG. 3 from another perspective;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the support member in the turnout configuration of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the support member of the embodiment of FIG. 6 from a further perspective;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the shim of the embodiment of FIG. 2;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a fastening bolt in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the construction of the fastening nut of the embodiment of FIG. 2;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the construction of the mounting bolt in the embodiment of FIG. 2;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the construction of the mounting nut of the embodiment of FIG. 2;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the construction of the gasket in the embodiment of FIG. 2;

FIG. 14 is a schematic illustration of the construction of the stock rail in the switch configuration of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the stock rail of the embodiment shown in FIG. 14;

figure 16 is a force analysis diagram of the switch structure of the embodiment shown in figure 1.

Wherein, the correspondence between the reference numbers and the part names in fig. 1 to 16 is:

100 turnout structure, 102 stock rail, 104 support, 106 guard rail, 108 wheel rim groove, 110 avoidance vacancy, 112 main body, 114 limiting part, 116 fastening bolt, 118 fastening nut, 120 adjusting gasket, 122 rail lip, 124 abrasion mark line, 126 mounting groove, 128 mounting bolt, 130 gasket, 132 mounting nut, 134 first mounting hole, 136 second mounting hole, 138 third mounting hole and 140 fourth mounting hole.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein, and thus the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

A switch structure 100 and track system provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to figures 1 through 16.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a first embodiment of the present invention proposes a turnout structure 100, including: stock rail 102, support 104, guard rail 106, and fasteners.

Wherein the support member 104 is connected to the stock rail 102 and is used for mounting the guard rail 106; the guard rail 106 is disposed on the support member 104 and is located at a side of the stock rail 102, and a working surface of the guard rail 106 and the stock rail 102 jointly define a wheel groove 108 therebetween to ensure safety of the locomotive. In particular, the fastener is disposed through the support member 104 and the guard rail 106, and the fastener is disposed to extend toward one side of the stock rail 102.

That is, the fastener is wholly transversely arranged, so that the fastener is hidden below the ground surface, the impact caused by repeated rolling from the ground can be effectively avoided, and the service life of the fastener is ensured.

Furthermore, transversely set up the fastener, when the locomotive passes through the fastener position, the extrusion force that the locomotive brought is the same with the axial of fastener, can effectively avoid the fastener to bear the shearing force, and then reduces the damage to the fastener in the very big degree to the life of extension fastener guarantees the safe in utilization of switch structure 100.

In addition, above-mentioned switch structure 100 construction methods is simple, and is lower to staff's professional requirement, and is lower to the site operation environment requirement, can guarantee construction quality.

Therefore, the turnout structure 100 provided by the embodiment adopts the transversely arranged fastening installation guard rail 106, so that the situation that the fastener bears shearing force can be effectively avoided, the damage to the fastener is reduced, the service life of the fastener can be effectively prolonged, and the use safety of the turnout structure 100 is ensured.

Example two:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a turnout structure 100, including: stock rail 102, support 104, guard rail 106, and fasteners.

Further, the end surface of the guard rail 106 facing the stock rail 102 is recessed to form a receiving space (not shown), and the receiving space is communicated with the rim groove 108, and the head of the fastener is received in the receiving space.

That is, in the use process of the turnout structure 100, the head of the fastener is accommodated in the accommodating space, so that the space of the rim groove 108 is not occupied, the head of the fastener is ensured not to influence the size of the rim groove 108, and the operation safety of the locomotive is ensured; meanwhile, the head of the fastener is hidden in the rim groove 108, and the structure of the rim groove 108 is small, so that the fastener needs to be disassembled and assembled by a special tool, the safety performance of the turnout structure 100 can be effectively improved, and the situation that non-working personnel randomly disassemble the fastener is avoided.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, further, an avoidance vacancy 110 is provided on the guard rail 106, and the supporting member 104 is provided at the avoidance vacancy 110 to support and connect the guard rail 106, so as to ensure that the relative position of the guard rail 106 and the stock rail 102 is stable, and ensure the safety performance of the switch structure 100.

In a specific embodiment, the avoidance empty positions 110 are step bayonets disposed on the guard rail 106, and are distributed intermittently, so as to ensure the installation position of the guard rail 106, and ensure that the guard rail 106 is supported and connected from multiple positions.

Example three:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a third embodiment of the present invention provides a turnout structure 100, including: stock rail 102, support 104, guard rail 106, and fasteners.

In this embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the supporting member 104 includes a main body 112 and a position-limiting portion 114, and the supporting member 104 is in an "L" shape. Wherein the main body 112 is arranged at the avoidance vacancy 110 and connected with the stock rail 102 to ensure the stable position of the support member 104; the limiting part 114 is disposed on the main body 112 and on a side of the guard rail 106 away from the stock rail 102, a certain mounting distance is left between the limiting part 114 and the stock rail 102, and the guard rail 106 is disposed above the main body 112, so that the supporting member 104 is simultaneously abutted to the upper surface of the main body 112 and the side wall of the limiting part 114.

In particular, during use of the switch structure 100, the side walls of the guide rail 106 abut the stops 114. When the locomotive passes, the limiting part 114 can provide a supporting force to the guard rail 106 towards one side of the stock rail 102, so as to overcome the impact caused by the locomotive; likewise, the body 112 may be used to overcome pressure from the top of the fastener, ensuring that the fastener is balanced.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, 9 and 10, further, the fastener includes a fastening bolt 116 and a fastening nut 118.

The fastening bolt 116 is transversely arranged and penetrates through the support member 104 and the guard rail 106 to ensure stable connection between the support member and the guard rail; the head of the fastening bolt 116 is arranged in the rim groove 108, so that the fastening bolt 116 is prevented from being disassembled and assembled by non-workers at will; the fastening nut 118 is welded to the side of the support member 104 facing away from the guard rail 106 and is fastened to the rear portion of the fastening bolt 116, so as to ensure the connection stability of the fastening bolt 116, and particularly, the stability of the fastening bolt 116 located below the ground surface.

In this embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 2 and 8, the switch structure 100 further includes a shim 120.

The adjusting washer 120 is sleeved on the fastening bolt 116 and located between the head of the fastening bolt 116 and the supporting member 104. By adjusting the spacers 120, the relative distance between the guard rail 106 and the stock rail 102 can be effectively adjusted, and the size of the flange groove 108 can be changed to adapt to different locomotives, and meanwhile, a part of manufacturing errors can be compensated, the manufacturing difficulty of the support member 104 is reduced, and the manufacturing efficiency of the support member 104 is improved.

In particular, the relative distance between the guard rail 106 and the stock rail 102 can be adjusted by selecting different thicknesses of the spacer 120 during installation of the guard rail 106.

Example four:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a turnout structure 100, including: stock rail 102, support 104, guard rail 106, and fasteners.

In this embodiment, further, as shown in FIG. 14, the stock rail 102 is provided with an interrupted rail lip 122. The guard rail 106 is disposed at a position where the stock rail 102 is not provided with the rail lip 122, so as to connect two adjacent rail lips 122, ensure continuity of the flange groove 108, ensure smooth operation of the locomotive, and ensure an installation position of the guard rail 106.

In this embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, a wear indicator wire 124 is provided on the guard rail 106. Wherein the guide rail 106 experiences some wear as the switch structure 100 is used. Therefore, by providing the wear marker 124, the worker can know the wear degree of the guard rail 106 in real time, and then repair or replace the guard rail 106 if necessary, thereby ensuring the safety of the switch structure 100.

In one embodiment, the wear indicator 124 is a strip-shaped groove structure disposed on the upper surface of the guard rail 106.

In this embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 2 and 6, the side of the support member 104 facing away from the stock rail 102 is provided with a mounting groove 126; as shown in fig. 11, 12 and 13, the switch structure 100 further includes a mounting bolt 128, a washer 130 and a mounting nut 132.

Wherein a mounting bolt 128 is disposed through the support member 104 and the stock rail 102 from the mounting groove 126, a mounting nut 132 is tightened to the mounting bolt 128 from the other end, and a washer 130 is disposed between the mounting nut 132 and the stock rail 102 to ensure a stable connection between the support member 104 and the stock rail 102.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the support member 104 is provided with a first mounting hole 134 and a second mounting hole 136, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the guard rail 106 is provided with a third mounting hole 138, as shown in fig. 15, and the stock rail 102 is provided with a fourth mounting hole 140. During installation, the fastening bolt 116 passes through the first and third mounting

holes

134 and 138 to connect the support 104 and the guard rail 106; the mounting bolt 128 passes through the second mounting hole 136 and the fourth mounting hole 140 to connect the support member 104 and the stock rail 102.

Example five:

a fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a track system, including: a travel rail and a switch structure as in any of the embodiments described above. Therefore, the overall beneficial effects of the switch structure are not discussed (this embodiment is not shown in the figures).

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a turnout structure 100, including: stock rail 102, support 104, guard rail 106, and fasteners. Wherein the support member 104 is connected to the stock rail 102 and is used for mounting the guard rail 106; the guard rail 106 is disposed on the support member 104 and is located at a side of the stock rail 102, and a working surface of the guard rail 106 and the stock rail 102 jointly define a wheel groove 108 therebetween to ensure safety of the locomotive. In particular, the fastener is disposed through the support member 104 and the guard rail 106, and the fastener is disposed to extend toward one side of the stock rail 102. That is, the fastener is whole transversely to be set up, can effectively avoid the fastener to bear the shearing force, reduces the damage to the fastener, can effectively prolong the life of fastener, guarantees switch structure 100's safety in utilization.

In this embodiment, further, an accommodating space is formed by recessing the end surface of the guard rail 106 facing the stock rail 102, and the accommodating space is communicated with the rim groove 108, and the head of the fastening member is accommodated in the accommodating space, so that the fastening member needs to be assembled and disassembled by using a special tool, and the safety performance of the switch structure 100 can be effectively improved.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, an avoiding vacancy 110 is provided on the guard rail 106, and the supporting member 104 is provided at the avoiding vacancy 110 to support and connect the guard rail 106.

In this embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the supporting member 104 includes a main body 112 and a position-limiting portion 114, and the supporting member 104 is in an "L" shape, and the main body 112 is disposed at the position avoiding the vacant position 110 and connected with the stock rail 102, so as to ensure a stable position of the supporting member 104; a certain installation distance is left between the limiting part 114 and the stock rail 102, and the guard rail 106 is further disposed above the main body 112, so that the supporting member 104 is simultaneously abutted against the upper surface of the main body 112 and the side wall of the limiting part 114.

In this embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 2, 7 and 8, the fastener includes a fastening bolt 116 and a fastening nut 118. The fastening bolt 116 is transversely arranged and penetrates through the support 104 and the guard rail 106; a fastening nut 118 is welded to the side of the support member 104 facing away from the guide rail 106 and is fastened to the rear of the fastening bolt 116.

In this embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 2 and 9, the switch structure 100 further includes a shim 120. The adjusting washer 120 is sleeved on the fastening bolt 116 and located between the head of the fastening bolt 116 and the support 104, so as to effectively adjust the relative distance between the guard rail 106 and the stock rail 102.

In this embodiment, further, as shown in FIG. 14, the stock rail 102 is provided with an interrupted rail lip 122. The guard rail 106 is disposed at a position where the stock rail 102 is not provided with the rail lip 122, so as to connect two adjacent rail lips 122, ensure continuity of the wheel rim groove 108, and ensure smooth operation of the locomotive.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, a wear marker line 124 is provided on the guard rail 106, and by providing the wear marker line 124, the worker can know the wear degree of the guard rail 106 in real time, and then replace the guard rail 106 if necessary, so as to ensure the safety of the switch structure 100.

In this embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the side of the support member 104 facing away from the stock rail 102 is provided with a mounting groove 126; the switch structure 100 also includes a mounting bolt 128, a washer 130 and a mounting nut 132. As shown in fig. 11, 12 and 13, a mounting bolt 128 is disposed through the support member 104 and the stock rail 102 from the mounting groove 126, a mounting nut 132 is screwed to the mounting bolt 128 from the other end, and a washer 130 is disposed between the mounting nut 132 and the stock rail 102 to ensure a stable connection between the support member 104 and the stock rail 102.

In this embodiment, further, the switch structure 100 may be applied to a track system and connected to a traveling rail to change the extending direction of the traveling rail and realize a rail changing operation of a locomotive.

The second embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a switch structure 100 that may be applied to a track system for a tram. Wherein, switch structure 100 includes: the guard rail 106, the support member 104, the apertured adjusting shim 120, the fastening bolt 116, the fastening nut 118, the mounting bolt 128, the mounting nut 132, and the washer 130, etc., can perform the following functions:

during laying, the position of the guard rail 106 can be transversely adjusted, so that the requirement of on-site fine adjustment is met; when the protective rail 106 is used, the protective rail 106 is provided with a wear pre-storage amount and a wear marking line 124, so that the service life of the protective rail is prolonged, and meanwhile, maintenance personnel can conveniently judge the state of the protective rail 106; during later maintenance, the guard rail 106 can be detached and replaced without damaging the road surface.

According to the turnout structure 100 provided by the invention, the guard rail 106 is transversely fastened at the position below the road surface, and the fastening bolt 116 is not exposed to the ground surface, so that the fastening bolt 116 is effectively prevented from being directly impacted by the load of the road surface, and the failure risk is reduced; the fastening bolts 116 are hidden in the rim grooves 108, and special tools are needed for dismounting the fastening bolts 116, so that the safety performance is improved; the bottom of the guard rail 106 is provided with an avoidance vacancy 110, and the avoidance vacancy 110 is embedded into the support member 104, so that longitudinal force borne by the guard rail 106 is directly transmitted to the support member 104, the impact borne by the fastening bolt 116 is further reduced, and the structural reliability is improved; the guard rail 106 is provided with a wear pre-stored amount and a wear marker line 124, so that the service life of the guard rail is prolonged, and meanwhile, the state of the guard rail 106 is convenient for maintenance personnel to judge.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the switch structure 100 of the present invention includes a guide rail 106, a support member 104, a perforated spacer 120, a fastening bolt 116, a fastening nut 118, a mounting bolt 128, a mounting nut 132, a washer 130, and a stock rail 102.

The guard rail 106 is L-shaped, and the bottom of the wheel edge groove 108 of the stock rail 102, from which the rail lip 122 is machined away, can be ensured to be closed and continuous after installation; avoidance vacant positions 110 are arranged at the bottom of the guard rail 106 at intervals, and the avoidance vacant positions 110 are embedded into the supporting piece 104 during installation; the working edge of the guard rail 106 is provided with a third mounting hole 138 for mounting the fastening bolt 116; the wear marking line 124 is arranged on the top surface of the guard rail 106, so that the wear state of the guard rail 106 can be conveniently checked and judged on site; the support member 104 is provided with a first mounting hole 134 and a second mounting hole 136 for mounting the stock rail 102 and the guard rail 106, respectively; the adjusting shim 120 is used for finely adjusting the installation position of the guard rail 106, the initial design thickness is 3mm to 5mm, and various thicknesses are additionally prepared and matched according to the field requirements; the head of the fastening bolt 116 is of a hexagon socket structure, and the guard rail 106 can be assembled and disassembled in a narrow space by matching with a special installation tool; the fastening nut 118 is a cap nut, welded to the first mounting hole 134 of the support 104, and engaged with the fastening bolt 116 to fasten the guard rail 106; the support 104 and the guard rail 106 are mounted by means of a mounting bolt 128, a washer 130 and a mounting nut 132; the stock rail 102 is machined to remove the rail lip 122 as a mounting space for the guard rail 106.

The turnout structure 100 provided by the invention can meet the requirements of later maintenance and guard rail 106 replacement of the embedded tramcar line, is simple and understandable to operate, has low environmental influence factors and low specialty, and can be maintained and replaced by general personnel.

As shown in fig. 16, the fastening bolt 116 according to the present invention provides only a preload force in the axial direction in the operating state. The wheel-rail acting force F1 applied to the working edge of the guard rail 106 and various load impact forces F3 applied to the top surface are directly transmitted to the supporting piece 104, and the transverse supporting force F2 and the vertical supporting force F4 provided for the guard rail 106 by the supporting piece 104 are balanced with each other, so that the impact of the shear stress on the fastening bolt 116 can be avoided, and the failure risk is reduced.

The fastening bolt 116 is hidden in the rim groove 108 after being installed, a special tool is needed for assembly and disassembly, and the risk of theft is reduced in the road where effective protection measures cannot be set.

The bottom of the guard rail 106 is provided with a step bayonet as an avoidance vacancy 110, and the step bayonet is embedded into the support 104, so that longitudinal force applied to the guard rail 106 is directly transmitted to the support 104, impact of shearing force applied to the fastening bolt 116 is further avoided, and structural reliability is improved.

The guard rail 106 according to the present invention has a wear pre-stored amount of about 10mm, and has a wear marker 124 on the top surface thereof, so that it is convenient for maintenance personnel to determine the state of the guard rail 106 while prolonging the service life thereof.

The turnout structure 100 of the present invention can be applied to a track system of a tramcar; the mounting position of the fastener is arranged below the ground surface, so that the defects of screw shearing, thread crushing and the like caused by the fact that the fastener is directly impacted by various loads on the road surface are effectively avoided, and the failure risk is reduced; the structure of the guard rail 106 is "L" shaped, which ensures that the bottom of the flange groove 108 of the stock rail 102 is closed and continuous after installation.

In the description of the present invention, the terms "plurality" or "a plurality" refer to two or more, and unless otherwise specifically limited, the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "connected," "mounted," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral connections; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A switch structure, comprising:

a stock rail;

a support member connected with the stock rail;

the guard rail is arranged on the supporting piece and positioned on the side of the stock rail, and the guard rail and the stock rail jointly define a wheel rim groove;

and the fastening piece penetrates through the supporting piece and the guard rail and extends towards one side of the stock rail.

2. The switch structure as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:

and the accommodating space is arranged on the guard rail and communicated with the rim groove, and the head of the fastener is accommodated in the accommodating space.

3. The switch structure as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:

and the avoidance vacancy is arranged on the guard rail, and the support piece is arranged at the avoidance vacancy.

4. The switch structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein said support member includes:

the main body is connected with the stock rail and is positioned at the avoidance vacancy;

the limiting portion is arranged on the main body and located on one side, deviating from the stock rail, of the guard rail, and the fastener penetrates through the guard rail and the limiting portion.

5. The switch structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said fastener comprises:

the fastening bolt penetrates through the supporting piece and the guard rail, and the head of the fastening bolt is positioned in the wheel rim groove;

and the fastening nut is welded on one side of the support piece, which is deviated from the guard rail, and covers the end part of the fastening bolt.

6. The switch structure as claimed in claim 5, further comprising:

and the adjusting gasket is sleeved on the fastening bolt and is positioned between the head of the fastening bolt and the support piece.

7. The switch structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:

a rail lip intermittently disposed on the stock rail, the guard rail configured to connect adjacent two of the rail lips.

8. The switch structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:

a wear indicator line disposed on the guard rail, the wear indicator line configured to display a degree of wear of the guard rail.

9. The switch structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:

the mounting groove is arranged on the supporting piece;

the mounting bolt penetrates through the supporting piece and the stock rail from the mounting groove;

the gasket is sleeved in the mounting groove;

and the mounting nut is screwed on the mounting bolt.

10. A track system, comprising:

a travel track; and

the switch structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9;

wherein the switch structure is configured to change an extension direction of the travel track.