CN111364164A - Multifunctional self-reinforced bicomponent filament electrostatic filtering material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Multifunctional self-reinforced bicomponent filament electrostatic filtering material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111364164A
CN111364164A CN201811592286.1A CN201811592286A CN111364164A CN 111364164 A CN111364164 A CN 111364164A CN 201811592286 A CN201811592286 A CN 201811592286A CN 111364164 A CN111364164 A CN 111364164A
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Prior art keywords
component
melt
antibacterial
filament
functional medium
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Inventor
杨占元
陈立东
陈连忠
徐克勤
陈致帆
柏国清
朱德洪
高丰和
濮颖军
吴建军
陈心
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Shanghai Kingfo Industrial Co ltd
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Shanghai Kingfo Industrial Co ltd
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Priority to CN201811592286.1A priority Critical patent/CN111364164A/en
Publication of CN111364164A publication Critical patent/CN111364164A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
    • B01D39/083—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material of organic material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
    • D01D1/10—Filtering or de-aerating the spinning solution or melt
    • D01D1/106—Filtering
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D01F1/103—Agents inhibiting growth of microorganisms
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
    • D06M10/025—Corona discharge or low temperature plasma

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a multifunctional self-reinforced bicomponent filament electrostatic filter material, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) melt spinning: a component A and a component B are subjected to melt spinning to form a skin-core structure continuous bicomponent composite filament, wherein the component A comprises a skin layer polymer and a functional medium with an electricity storage function, and the component B comprises a core layer polymer and a functional medium with an antibacterial and mildewproof function; 2) forming a net: the skin-core structure continuous bicomponent composite filament is subjected to filament separation and then is formed into a net; 3) reinforcing and forming: hot air melting, bonding and solidifying; 4) high-voltage electrostatic treatment: the material is charged. In this application from two ingredient filter media of reinforcing, in the individual layer, high-efficient filter media can reach the equal filter efficiency of compound filter media, have antibiotic, mould proof, high stiffness and electrostatic absorption simultaneously, and satisfy GB/T21551 antibiotic standard.

Description

Multifunctional self-reinforced bicomponent filament electrostatic filtering material and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of non-woven fabrics, in particular to a multifunctional self-reinforced bicomponent filament electrostatic filter material, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In the field of air filtration such as vehicle-mounted air conditioner, new trend purification, mainstream technique and product in the market at home and abroad are mainly compound textile filter material at present, according to the air purification grade such as new trend system, air purifier, car vehicle-mounted air conditioner, select different filter materials, reach corresponding filtration efficiency, its mainstream mostly is the relevant technology of combined material and product, especially relate to well, high efficiency filtration field, filter material of F level and H level promptly, it mostly is melt-blown fine filter material, through glue compound or processes such as ultrasonic bonding or high temperature high pressure complex, form with the compound of non-woven fabrics skeleton reinforcing material, thereby satisfy filtration standard and the requirement of different grades.
In various composite filter materials, although the composite filter material has the advantages of fine filtration, high dust holding capacity and the like, the control of a multilayer composite process is relatively more fine and complex, the manufacturing and processing process of the composite material is divided into multiple steps, the requirements on performance indexes, yield and the like of component materials are high, the glue compounding process is a mainstream processing process, and the glue type, smell and environmental protection have potential safety hazards on human health; before the composite filter material is processed into a filter, mechanical folding is needed, and the composite material is easy to have the problems of surface layer material abrasion, fluffing, layering and the like in the process, so that the performance of the filter material is reduced, and the cost and the yield are difficult to control; in addition, the composite material is generally a melt-blown material or an electrostatic cotton material, and is subjected to composite processing in a glue compounding or hot rolling or ultrasonic wave compounding mode, and the specific process determines that the filter resistance of the product material is generally large, so that the energy consumption of the air purification system is objectively increased.
At present, a small amount of antibacterial framework materials for inhibiting and killing microbial pollutants exist in the market, and most of the antibacterial framework materials are subjected to subsequent impregnation antibacterial liquid treatment and short fiber antibacterial framework materials (including dry-method framework materials and wet-method framework materials) blended by adding a certain proportion of antibacterial short fiber fibers, and the two materials have relatively complete manufacturing technologies, but still have the following obvious defects:
1. the framework material treated by the dipping antibacterial liquid has potential safety hazard and poor discoloration resistance after the cloth surface is contacted by a human body, dyeing treatment needs to be added along with the problem of obvious color difference of the cloth surface during the treatment of dipping mother liquid, the working procedure and the cost are increased, the antibacterial agent ingredient wrapped on the surface layer of the framework material treated by the dipping antibacterial liquid is easy to dissolve out, the effective service life is short, the water resistance is poor, and more importantly, the process is not green.
2. The short fiber antibacterial framework material has small rebound deformation after post pleating, which is not beneficial to the disassembly and assembly of the filter element, the component fibers of the short fiber antibacterial framework material are disorderly arranged and oriented, the appearance and color of the formed short fiber antibacterial framework material are darker, and the fabric style and aesthetic feeling are poorer;
3. the short-fiber antibacterial framework material is added with low-melting-point ES fibers for hot-melt adhesion, so that the short-fiber antibacterial framework material is easy to deform at high temperature and is not beneficial to subsequent laminating and folding processing;
4. the antibacterial short fiber, the antibacterial agent, the ES fiber and the like are added into the short fiber antibacterial framework material, so that the working procedure is elongated, the process is complicated to realize, the productivity is low, and the production cost is high;
in conclusion, a filter material product integrating the multifunctional advantages of antibiosis, mould prevention, electrostatic adsorption, self-enhancement, high rigidity, direct folding and the like is not available in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a multifunctional self-reinforced bicomponent filament electrostatic filter material, a preparation method and a use thereof, which can be used to replace the existing filter composite material in the market or solve the problems in the prior art.
To achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
The invention provides a preparation method of a multifunctional self-enhanced bicomponent filament electrostatic filter material, which comprises the following steps:
1) melt spinning: a component A and a component B are subjected to melt spinning to form a skin-core structure continuous bicomponent composite filament, wherein the component A comprises a skin layer polymer and a functional medium with an electricity storage function, and the component B comprises a core layer polymer and a functional medium with an antibacterial and mildewproof function;
2) forming a net: the skin-core structure continuous bicomponent composite filament is subjected to filament separation and then is formed into a net;
3) reinforcing and forming: hot air melting, bonding and solidifying;
4) high-voltage electrostatic treatment: the material is charged.
Preferably, in the step 1), the functional medium with the electricity storage function comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0001920553450000021
the functional medium with the electricity storage function is obtained by blending and granulating the raw material components.
Preferably, the polyolefin chip is 80 to 90 parts by weight.
The functional medium with electricity storage function mainly adopts polyolefin with strong electronegativity as a matrix, adds a nonpolar material with prominent dielectric property to capture charges, simultaneously uses active components to improve the overall electricity capturing activity, and increases the crystallinity of fibers through nucleating agent components under the regulation of a stabilizing agent, thereby achieving more and more stable storage of captured charges.
Optionally, the polyolefin chip comprises polyethylene or polypropylene. Preferably, the melt index of the polyolefin chips is (12-40) g/10 min.
Preferably, the hindered amine light stabilizer 944 of said hindered amine light stabilizer.
Preferably, the addition amount of the functional medium with the electricity storage function is 0.5-4 wt% of the total mass of the component A.
Preferably, the addition amount of the functional medium with the antibacterial and mildewproof effects is 3-6 wt% of the total mass of the component B.
More preferably, the functional medium with the antibacterial and mildewproof effects comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0001920553450000031
preferably, the polyester chip in the present application is a PET chip.
The functional medium with the antibacterial and mildewproof effects is obtained by blending and granulating the raw material components.
The functional medium with the antibacterial and mildewproof functions mainly releases silver ions into bacteria to react and combine with cellular enzymes of the bacteria, inhibits the activity of the cellular enzymes and the reproduction and regeneration of the bacteria, and achieves the effects of killing the bacteria and preventing mildew.
Preferably, the addition amount of the functional medium with the antibacterial and mildewproof effects is 3-6 wt% of the total mass of the component B.
The skin layer polymer in the component A and the core layer polymer in the component B are two fiber-forming polymers with different melting point temperatures, and the melting point of the core layer polymer in the component B is 110-165 ℃ higher than that of the skin layer polymer in the component A.
Preferably, the polymer of the skin layer in the component A is one selected from polyethylene and polypropylene.
Preferably, the core layer polymer in the component B is one of polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the skin layer to the core layer is 2: 8-5: 5.
Preferably, in the step 1), the component A and the component B are respectively melted and extruded by a screw extruder and then enter a composite spinning manifold, and then are precisely distributed by a melt flow channel and spun by a spinning component system to form the skin-core structure continuous bicomponent composite filament.
More preferably, the temperature of the component A for melt extrusion through a screw extruder is 200-265 ℃. More preferably, the extrusion temperature is 205-240 ℃. More preferably, component A is extruded through a single screw extruder.
More preferably, in step 1), the melt formed after melt extrusion of component A is filtered through a filter. More preferably, the pressure before filtration is 4-12 MPa, and the pressure after filtration is 6-10 MPa.
More preferably, in the step 1), the filtered A component melt is metered by a metering pump, and the rotating speed of the metering pump is 8-25 rpm.
Preferably, the temperature of the component B for melt extrusion through a screw extruder is set to be 250-320 ℃. The component B does not need to be dried and pre-crystallized. More preferably, the B component is extruded through a twin screw extruder.
More preferably, the melt formed after melt extrusion of the B component is filtered through a filter. More preferably, the pressure before filtration is 4-12 MPa; the pressure after filtration is 6-10 MPa. More preferably, the pressure of a melt formed after the component B is melted and extruded is increased to 5-12 MPa by a pump.
More preferably, in the step 1), the filtered melt of the component B is metered by a metering pump, and the rotating speed of the metering pump is 8-25 rpm.
Preferably, in the composite spinning manifold, after the two melts are compounded through the spinneret melt distribution system according to the quantitative design, the finally distributed composite melt is sprayed out from the spinneret plate to form the skin-core structure continuous bicomponent composite filament. Preferably, the temperature in the composite spinning manifold is 200-265 ℃.
More preferably, the formed sheath-core structured continuous bicomponent composite filament is further subjected to post-treatment including suction purification, cold air cooling and drawing. Preferably, monomer suction purification systems are arranged on two sides below a spinneret plate of the composite spinning manifold, and suction air quantity on two sides is 650-1000 rpm. More preferably, the air temperature in the cold air cooling is 10-30 ℃; the relative humidity is 55-80%, and the air volume is 900-1350 rpm. Preferably, the drawing is performed by a positive pressure air stream drawing system. More preferably, the draft wind pressure is 0.08 to 0.35 MPa.
Preferably, in the step 1), the fineness of the sheath-core structure continuous bicomponent composite filament is 1.5 to 15 deniers.
Preferably, in the step 2), the silk is divided and guided through a silk divider. And (4) adopting a web former to form a web. More preferably, the web forming speed is 5-50 m/min.
Preferably, in step 3), the bicomponent composite filament fiber web is conveyed to a cylinder oven or a flat-screen oven through a net curtain, high-temperature hot air penetrates through the fiber web, so that the skin layer low-melting-point component material is molten, the core layer high-melting-point component material is not molten, the bicomponent filament fiber web is subjected to fusion bonding, and finally, the bicomponent composite filament fiber web is subjected to soft rolling molding through a pair of smooth metal circular rollers. Wherein the hot air temperature is 90-180 ℃, the vehicle speed is 5-50 m/min, the surface temperature of the metal roller is 50-100 ℃, and the pressure between rollers is 1-5 MPa.
Preferably, in the step 4), the high-voltage static electricity is alternating direct current field corona charging, the positive and negative surfaces are charged, the charging voltage is 10 KV-120 KV, the vertical distance between the metal needle or the metal wire releasing the charge and the material is 2 cm-15 cm, and the charging time is 2 s-20 s.
The invention also discloses a multifunctional self-reinforced bicomponent filament electrostatic filter material prepared by the method.
Preferably, the gram weight of the multifunctional self-reinforced bicomponent filament electrostatic filter material is 70-200 g/m2。
Preferably, the width of the multifunctional self-reinforced bicomponent filament electrostatic filter material is 1.6-3.2 m.
The invention also discloses the application of the multifunctional self-reinforced bicomponent filament electrostatic filter material in the field of air filtration.
In this application multi-functional two ingredient filament static filter media of self-reinforcing formula, this product are different from the compound filter media product of mainstream on the market, and this product is in the individual layer, high-efficient filter media can reach the equal filtration efficiency of compound filter media, and it is multiple simultaneously to have antibiotic, mould proof, high stiffness and electrostatic absorption, and has possessed extremely low filtration resistance and higher air permeability, can replace corresponding in the existing market completely, high-efficient filterable compound material product, and satisfy GB/T21551 antibacterial standard.
The invention also discloses the application of the multifunctional self-enhanced bicomponent filament electrostatic filter material in fresh air system filtration, dust collector filtration, automobile air conditioner filtration and household air purifier.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the multifunctional self-enhanced double-component filament electrostatic filter material provided by the invention is prepared by optimally matching the thermal properties of the component polymers, utilizing composite spinning web formation and hot-melt adhesion reinforcement forming processes of different melting property polymers, and finally obtaining an electret filter product after high-voltage electrostatic treatment, so that the high mechanical strength and stiffness are achieved, the electrostatic electret filter materials with different filament diameters can be manufactured according to specific fresh air purification environmental conditions in actual production, the whole process flow is integrated one-step online direct web formation forming and corona charging, the manufacturing process is greatly simplified compared with an offline composite filter material manufacturing process with the same filtering grade, the operation is easy, and the product performance is stable and reliable.
2. The multifunctional self-enhanced double-component filament electrostatic filter material is used as a single-layer filter material, can replace a conventional melt-blown, glue and framework three-layer composite material in the fields of automobile-mounted air conditioners, fresh air systems, air purifiers and the like, can be directly folded and manufactured into a filter element, greatly reduces the manufacturing cost, has high cost performance, thoroughly eliminates glue components with potential safety hazards, and realizes a real 100% glue-free filter material.
3. The fabric appearance style of the multifunctional self-enhanced double-component filament electrostatic filter material is different from the style of a common staple fiber framework and melt-blown filter product in the current market, and the multifunctional self-enhanced double-component filament electrostatic filter material has unique filament aesthetic feeling and multiple effects of antibiosis, mildew prevention, electrostatic adsorption filtration and the like.
According to the invention, a process technology of hot air penetration, melting, bonding and reinforcing and a corona double-side charging technology are adopted, the skin-core structure continuous type bicomponent composite filament can be effectively solidified by depending on a melting point or a melting surface, so that the fluffiness of a filter non-woven fabric medium is ensured, the strength of the material is also taken into consideration, and the material has a physical barrier and electrostatic adsorption double-filtration function after high-voltage corona charging, and more remarkably, the final product has extremely low filtration resistance and high air permeability, and has remarkable energy-saving and consumption-reducing effects on terminal application of the product; meanwhile, the coating has the advantages of antibiosis, mildew resistance and high stiffness.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
Before the present embodiments are further described, it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described below; it is also to be understood that the terminology used in the examples is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Test methods in which specific conditions are not specified in the following examples are generally carried out under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the respective manufacturers.
When numerical ranges are given in the examples, it is understood that both endpoints of each of the numerical ranges and any value therebetween can be selected unless the invention otherwise indicated. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In addition to the specific methods, devices, and materials used in the examples, any methods, devices, and materials similar or equivalent to those described in the examples may be used in the practice of the invention in addition to the specific methods, devices, and materials used in the examples, in keeping with the knowledge of one skilled in the art and with the description of the invention.
Example 1
The cortex polymer in the component A is PE master batch, the melting point is 130-135 ℃, and meanwhile, functional media with the electricity storage function accounting for 1.5 wt% of the total weight of the component A are mixed into the component A; the core layer polymer in the component B is PET polyester chip with a melting point of 255-265 ℃, and functional medium with antibacterial and mildewproof effects accounting for 5 wt% of the total weight of the component B is mixed in the core layer polymer. The mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 50%: 50 percent.
In the embodiment, the functional medium with the electricity storage function comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0001920553450000061
the functional medium with the electricity storage function is obtained by blending and granulating the raw material components.
The functional medium with the antibacterial and mildewproof functions in the embodiment comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0001920553450000062
the functional medium with the antibacterial and mildewproof effects is obtained by blending and granulating the raw material components.
The component A is mixed and melted by a single screw extruder to form a melt, and the temperature zone is set as follows: 240 ℃, 250 ℃, 260 ℃, 255 ℃ and 252 ℃ of the melt, filtering the melt by a filter, wherein the pressure before filtering is 5.75MPa, and the pressure after filtering is 6.5MPa, then metering the melt by a metering pump, rotating speed of the metering pump is 15rpm, and quantitative melt enters a composite spinning box body.
The component B is mixed and directly melted by a double-screw extruder to form a melt, and the temperature zone is set as follows: 260 ℃, 270 ℃, 280 ℃, 285 ℃, 280 ℃ and 275.5 ℃ of melt, boosting the pressure of the melt by a booster pump, then filtering the melt by a filter, wherein the pressure before filtering is 10.0MPa, and the pressure after filtering is 6.5MPa, then metering the melt by a metering pump, rotating the metering pump at 15rpm, and feeding the quantitative melt into a composite spinning manifold.
The temperature of a melt distribution closed space of the composite spinning manifold is kept at 275 ℃; the suction air volume of the monomer was 720 rpm; the temperature of cold air blown oppositely at two sides is 14 ℃, the relative humidity is 60 percent, and the air quantity is 900 rpm; the air flow drafting wind pressure is 0.20 MPa; the net forming speed is 16.5 m/min; the net forming machine has the main air suction volume of 1150rpm and the auxiliary air suction volume of 1000 rpm; setting the temperature of the rotary screen hot air oven to be 134.5 ℃; the temperature of the metal round rollers after the cloth is discharged by the round screen hot air equipment is 85 ℃, and the pressure between the round rollers is 1.2 MPa; the corona charging voltage of the material is 30KV, the vertical distance between the metal wire releasing charges and the material is 4cm, and the charging time is 2.50 s; the non-woven fabric after high-voltage electrostatic treatment is wound into a roll by a winding machine, and the final roll is cut by a splitting machine to obtain a product with the gram weight of 110g/m2。
The electrostatic skeleton filter material obtained by testing the comprehensive performance test platform of the TSI8130A filter material is tested under the following test conditions: the flow rate is 32L/min, the median diameter of sodium chloride aerosol is 0.3 micron, the filtration efficiency is 52 percent, and the filtration resistance is 2.3 Pa; actually measuring the fiber fineness to be 9.8D; when the process is adjusted to the fiber fineness of 1.5D, the filtration efficiency is 89% and the filtration resistance is 7.5Pa under the same test condition. The actual measurement shows that the antibacterial and mildewproof performance meets the GB/T21551 antibacterial standard.
The composite filter material in the prior art with the weight of 110g adopts a TSI8130A filter material testing instrument, 0.3 mu NaCl particles are tested under the condition of 32L/min flow, the filtering resistance of the composite filter material is about 6-10Pa, and the composite filter material has no antibacterial and mildewproof functions.
Comparative example 1
In the implementation process of the comparative example, no functional medium with an electricity storage function and no functional medium with an antibacterial and mildewproof function are added, and other manufacturing factors, such as the specification and the model of raw materials, the formula, the production and manufacturing process and the test conditions of the product, are the same as those in the example 1. The filter material obtained by testing the comprehensive performance test platform of the TSI8130A filter material is tested under the following test conditions: the flow rate is 32L/min, the median diameter of sodium chloride aerosol is 0.3 micron, the filtration efficiency is 6.39 percent, the filtration resistance is 2.5Pa, and the actually measured fiber fineness is 9.5D; when the fineness of the fiber is adjusted to be 1.5D, the efficiency is 17.3 percent and the resistance is 7.5Pa under the same test condition. The antibacterial and mildew-proof function is actually measured, and the GB/T21551 antibacterial standard is not met.
Example 2
The cortex polymer in the component A is PE master batch, the melting point is 130-135 ℃, and meanwhile, functional media with the electricity storage function accounting for 1.0 wt% of the total weight of the component A are mixed into the component A; the core layer polymer in the component B is a PET polyester chip, and the melting point is 255-265 ℃; the melting point is 255-265 ℃, and a functional medium with antibacterial and mildewproof effects accounting for 5 wt% of the total weight of the component B is mixed into the composition. The mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 40%: 60 percent. The manufacturing process is the same as example 1.
In the embodiment, the functional medium with the electricity storage function comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0001920553450000071
Figure BDA0001920553450000081
the functional medium with the electricity storage function is obtained by blending and granulating the raw material components.
The functional medium with the antibacterial and mildewproof functions in the embodiment comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0001920553450000082
the functional medium with the antibacterial and mildewproof effects is obtained by blending and granulating the raw material components.
The electrostatic framework filter material obtained by testing the specification product with the weight of 110g by adopting a TSI8130A filter material comprehensive performance test platform has the following test conditions: the flow rate is 32L/min, the median diameter of sodium chloride aerosol is 0.3 micron, the filtration efficiency is 45 percent, the filtration resistance is 1.8Pa, and the measured fiber fineness is 11.2D. When the process is adjusted to the fiber fineness of 1.6D, the filtration efficiency is 88 percent and the filtration resistance is 7.0Pa under the same test condition. The actual measurement shows that the antibacterial and mildewproof performance meets the GB/T21551 antibacterial standard.
The composite filter material in the prior art with the weight of 110g adopts a TSI8130A filter material testing instrument, 0.3 mu NaCl particles are tested under the condition of 32L/min flow, the filtering resistance of the composite filter material is about 6-10Pa, and the composite filter material has no antibacterial and mildewproof functions.
Comparative example 2
In the implementation process of the comparative example, no functional medium with an electricity storage function and no functional medium with an antibacterial and mildewproof function are added, and other manufacturing factors, such as the specification and the model of raw materials, the formula, the production and manufacturing process and the test conditions of the product, are the same as those in the example 2. The filter material obtained by testing the comprehensive performance test platform of the TSI8130A filter material is tested under the following test conditions: the flow rate is 32L/min, the median diameter of sodium chloride aerosol is 0.3 micron, the filtration efficiency is 5.52 percent, and the filtration resistance is 2.1 Pa; the fiber fineness was found to be 10.8D. When the fineness of the fiber is adjusted to be 1.6D, the efficiency is 18.2 percent and the resistance is 7.0Pa under the same test condition. The antibacterial and mildew-proof function is actually measured, and the GB/T21551 antibacterial standard is not met.
Example 3
The cortex polymer in the component A is PE master batch, and the melting point is 130-135 ℃; simultaneously, functional medium with electricity storage function accounting for 1 wt% of the total weight of the component A is mixed into the component A; the core layer polymer in the component B is PET polyester chip with a melting point of 255-265 ℃. The melting point is 162-165 ℃, and a functional medium with antibacterial and mildewproof effects accounting for 5 wt% of the total weight of the component B is mixed in the composition. The mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 40 wt%: 60 wt%. The manufacturing process is the same as example 1.
In the embodiment, the functional medium with the electricity storage function comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0001920553450000083
Figure BDA0001920553450000091
the functional medium with the antibacterial and mildewproof functions in the embodiment comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0001920553450000092
the functional medium with the antibacterial and mildewproof effects is obtained by blending and granulating the raw material components.
The electrostatic framework filter material obtained by testing the specification product with the weight of 110g by adopting a TSI8130A filter material comprehensive performance test platform has the following test conditions: the flow rate is 32L/min, the median diameter of sodium chloride aerosol is 0.3 micron, the filtration efficiency is 56 percent, and the filtration resistance is 2.8 Pa; the fiber fineness was found to be 12.5D. When the process is adjusted to the fiber fineness of 1.7D, the filtration efficiency is 86 percent and the filtration resistance is 7.2Pa under the same test condition. The actual measurement shows that the antibacterial and mildewproof performance meets the GB/T21551 antibacterial standard.
The composite filter material in the prior art with the weight of 110g adopts a TSI8130A filter material testing instrument, 0.3 mu NaCl particles are tested under the condition of 32L/min flow, the filtering resistance of the composite filter material is about 6-10Pa, and the composite filter material has no antibacterial and mildewproof functions.
Comparative example 3
In the implementation process of the comparative example, no electricity storage master batch is added, and other manufacturing factors, such as the specification and model of raw materials, the formula, the production and manufacturing process and the test conditions of the product, are the same as those in the example 3. The filter material obtained by testing the comprehensive performance test platform of the TSI8130A filter material is tested under the following test conditions: the flow rate is 32L/min, the median diameter of sodium chloride aerosol is 0.3 micron, the filtration efficiency is 5.67 percent, and the filtration resistance is 3.0 Pa; the fiber fineness was found to be 12.0D. When the fineness of the fiber is adjusted to be 1.7D, the efficiency is 17.9 percent and the resistance is 7.2Pa under the same test condition. The antibacterial and mildew-proof function is actually measured, and the GB/T21551 antibacterial standard is not met.
Example 4
The cortex polymer in the component A is PP master batch, the melting point is 155-167 ℃, and meanwhile, a functional medium with an electricity storage function accounting for 0.6 wt% of the total mass of the component A is mixed into the component A; the core layer polymer in the component B is PET polyester chip with a melting point of 255-265 ℃, and functional medium with antibacterial and mildewproof effects accounting for 5 wt% of the total weight of the component B is mixed in the core layer polymer. The mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 20 wt%: 80 wt%.
The production and manufacturing process comprises the following steps: the component A is mixed and melted by a single screw extruder, and the temperature zone is set as follows: 255 ℃, 265 ℃, 270 ℃, 260 ℃ and 261.2 ℃ of melt;
in the embodiment, the functional medium with the electricity storage function comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0001920553450000093
Figure BDA0001920553450000101
the functional medium with the electricity storage function is obtained by uniformly mixing the raw material components.
The functional medium with the antibacterial and mildewproof effects comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight as in example 1.
The component A is melted and extruded by a screw extruder, and the temperature zone of the component A is set as follows: 240 ℃, 250 ℃, 260 ℃, 255 ℃ and 252 ℃ of the melt, filtering the melt by a filter, wherein the pressure before filtering is 5.75MPa, and the pressure after filtering is 6.5MPa, then metering the melt by a metering pump, rotating speed of the metering pump is 15rpm, and quantitative melt enters a composite spinning box body.
The component B is directly melted by a double-screw extruder, and the temperature zone is set as follows: 260 ℃, 270 ℃, 280 ℃, 285 ℃, 280 ℃ and 275.5 ℃ of melt, boosting the pressure of the melt of the component B by a booster pump, then feeding the melt into a filter for filtering, wherein the pressure before filtering is 10.0MPa, and the pressure after filtering is 6.5MPa, then feeding the melt into a metering pump for metering, the rotating speed of the metering pump is 18rpm, and feeding the quantitative melt into a composite spinning box body.
The temperature of a melt distribution closed space of the composite spinning manifold is kept at 278 ℃; the suction air volume of the monomer is 700 rpm; the temperature of cold air blown oppositely from two sides is 10.5 ℃, and the relative humidity is 60%; the airflow drafting wind pressure is 0.21 MPa; the net forming speed is 15 m/min; the main air suction rate of the net forming machine is 1180rpm, and the auxiliary air suction rate is 1050 rpm; the temperature of the rotary screen hot air oven is set to be 167.5 ℃; the temperature of the metal round rollers after the cloth is discharged by the round screen hot air equipment is 95 ℃, and the pressure between the round rollers is 2.3 MPa; the corona charging voltage of the material is 20KV, the vertical distance between the metal wire releasing charges and the material is 2.5cm, and the charging time is 2.40 s; the non-woven fabric after high-voltage electrostatic treatment is wound into a roll by a winding machine, and the final roll is cut by a splitting machine to obtain a product with the gram weight of 110g/m2。
The electrostatic skeleton filter material obtained by testing the comprehensive performance test platform of the TSI8130A filter material is tested under the following test conditions: the flow rate is 32L/min, the median diameter of sodium chloride aerosol is 0.3 micron, the filtration efficiency is 65 percent, and the filtration resistance is 3.4 Pa; the fiber fineness was found to be 13.6D. When the process is adjusted to the fiber fineness of 2.2D, the filtration efficiency is 89% and the filtration resistance is 6.3Pa under the same test condition. The actual measurement shows that the antibacterial and mildewproof performance meets the GB/T21551 antibacterial standard.
The composite filter material in the prior art with the weight of 110g adopts a TSI8130A filter material testing instrument, 0.3 mu NaCl particles are tested under the condition of 32L/min flow, the filtering resistance of the composite filter material is about 6-10Pa, and the composite filter material has no antibacterial and mildewproof functions.
Comparative example 4
In the implementation process of the comparative example, no functional medium with the electricity storage function is added, and other manufacturing factors, such as the specification and model of raw materials, the formula, the production and manufacturing process and the test conditions of the product, are the same as those in the example 4. The filter material obtained by testing the comprehensive performance test platform of the TSI8130A filter material is tested under the following test conditions: the flow rate is 32L/min, the median diameter of sodium chloride aerosol is 0.3 micron, the filtration efficiency is 7.87 percent, and the filtration resistance is 3.2 Pa; the fiber fineness was found to be 12.2D. When the fineness of the fiber is adjusted to be 2.2D, the efficiency is 15.2 percent and the resistance is 6.4Pa under the same test condition. The antibacterial and mildew-proof function is actually measured, and the GB/T21551 antibacterial standard is not met.
Example 5
The cortex polymer in the component A is PP master batch, the melting point is 155-167 ℃, and meanwhile, a functional medium with an electricity storage function accounting for 0.6 wt% of the total mass of the component A is mixed into the component A; the core layer polymer in the component B is PET polyester chip with a melting point of 255-265 ℃, and functional medium with antibacterial and mildewproof effects accounting for 5 wt% of the total weight of the component B is mixed in the core layer polymer. The mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 20%: 80 percent. The charging voltage of the material is 120KV, the vertical distance between the metal wire releasing charges and the material is 15cm, and the charging time is 2.70 s; the other manufacturing processes are the same as example 4.
The electrostatic framework filter material obtained by testing the specification product with the weight of 110g by adopting a TSI8130A filter material comprehensive performance test platform has the following test conditions: the flow rate is 32L/min, the median diameter of sodium chloride aerosol is 0.3 micron, the filtration efficiency is 63 percent, and the filtration resistance is 3.6 Pa; the fiber fineness was found to be 14.1D. When the process is adjusted to the fiber fineness of 2.5D, the filtration efficiency is 86.7 percent and the filtration resistance is 6.0Pa under the same test condition. The actual measurement shows that the antibacterial and mildewproof performance meets the GB/T21551 antibacterial standard.
Example 6
The cortex polymer in the component A is PP master batch, the melting point is 155-167 ℃, and meanwhile, a functional medium with an electricity storage function accounting for 1.2 wt% of the total weight of the component A is mixed into the component A; the core layer polymer in the component B is PET polyester chip with a melting point of 255-265 ℃, and functional medium with antibacterial and mildewproof effects accounting for 5 wt% of the total weight of the component B is mixed in the core layer polymer. The mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 50%: 50 percent.
In the process parameters, the rotating speeds of metering pumps of the component A and the component B are both 15rpm, and the web forming speed is 12.5 m/min; the charging voltage of the material is 85KV, the vertical distance between the metal wire releasing charges and the material is 6.0cm, and the charging time is 4.5 s; the other manufacturing processes are the same as example 4.
The electrostatic framework filter material obtained by testing the specification product with the weight of 110g by adopting a TSI8130A filter material comprehensive performance test platform has the following test conditions: the flow rate is 32L/min, the median diameter of sodium chloride aerosol is 0.3 micron, the filtration efficiency is 67 percent, and the filtration resistance is 4.4 Pa; the fiber fineness was found to be 12.3D. When the process is adjusted to the fiber fineness of 2.5D, the filtration efficiency is 85.5 percent and the filtration resistance is 6.0Pa under the same test condition. The measured antibacterial and mildew-proof properties can meet the GB/T21551 antibacterial standard.
The manufacturing method of the invention has the beneficial characteristics that: the process is flexible to adjust, and particularly the fineness of the filament fiber can be controlled by adjusting the aperture of a spinneret plate and the air pressure of a positive pressure drafting air flow; the proportion of the sheath-core components can be changed by adjusting parameters such as the rotating speed of a melt metering pump; the filtering performance index can also realize the adjustment of filtering data according to the parameters of the replacement of the types of raw material polymers, the addition of functional master batches with the electricity storage function, the adjustment of gram weight, fineness, thickness and the like.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a multifunctional self-reinforced bicomponent filament electrostatic filter material comprises the following steps:
a) melt spinning: a component A and a component B are subjected to melt spinning to form a skin-core structure continuous bicomponent composite filament, wherein the component A comprises a skin layer polymer and a functional medium with an electricity storage function, and the component B comprises a core layer polymer and a functional medium with an antibacterial and mildewproof function;
b) forming a net: the skin-core structure continuous bicomponent composite filament is subjected to filament separation and then is formed into a net;
c) reinforcing and forming: hot air melting, bonding and solidifying;
d) high-voltage electrostatic treatment: the material is charged.
2. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the functional medium with the function of storing electricity comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
Figure FDA0001920553440000011
the functional medium with the antibacterial and mildewproof effects comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
Figure FDA0001920553440000012
3. the preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the functional medium with the electricity storage function is added in an amount of 0.5-4 wt% of the total mass of the component A; the addition amount of the functional medium with the antibacterial and mildewproof effects is 3 to 6 weight percent of the total mass of the component B.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), the skin layer polymer of the component A and the core layer polymer of the component B are two kinds of fiber-forming polymers having different melting point temperatures, and the melting point of the core layer polymer of the component B is 110 to 165 ℃ higher than that of the skin layer polymer of the component A.
5. The method of claim 1, comprising one or more of the following features:
the sheath-core structure in the continuous bicomponent composite filament is a concentric circle structure;
the polymer of the skin layer in the component A is selected from one of polyethylene and polypropylene;
the core layer polymer in the component B is one of polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate;
the mass ratio of the skin layer to the core layer is 2: 8-5: 5.
6. The method of claim 1, comprising one or more of the following features:
in the step 1), the component A and the component B are respectively melted and extruded by a screw extruder and then enter a composite spinning box body, and then are precisely distributed by a melt runner and spun by a spinning component system to form a skin-core structure continuous bicomponent composite filament;
the temperature of the component A after being melted and extruded by a screw extruder is 200-265 ℃;
filtering a melt formed after the component A is melted and extruded by a filter;
and metering the melt of the component A by a metering pump after filtration.
7. The method of claim 1, comprising one or more of the following features:
the temperature of the component B for melt extrusion through a screw extruder is set to be 250-320 ℃;
filtering a melt formed by melting and extruding the component B by a filter;
and metering the melt of the component B by a metering pump after filtration.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein step 4) includes one or more of the following features:
the high-voltage static electricity is corona charging of an alternating direct current electric field;
charging the front and back surfaces of the material;
the charging voltage is 10 KV-120 KV;
the vertical distance between the metal needle or the metal wire releasing the electric charge and the material is 2 cm-15 cm during charging;
the charging time is 2 s-20 s.
9. The multifunctional self-reinforced bicomponent filament electrostatic filter material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-8.
10. Use of the multifunctional self-reinforced bicomponent filament electrostatic filter of claim 9 in the field of air filtration.
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