CN111364123B - Polyester FDY (fully drawn yarn) easy to dye and degrade and processing technology thereof - Google Patents
Polyester FDY (fully drawn yarn) easy to dye and degrade and processing technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111364123B CN111364123B CN202010219907.2A CN202010219907A CN111364123B CN 111364123 B CN111364123 B CN 111364123B CN 202010219907 A CN202010219907 A CN 202010219907A CN 111364123 B CN111364123 B CN 111364123B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
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- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
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- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
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Abstract
The invention relates to polyester FDY (fully drawn yarn) which is easy to dye and degrade and a processing technology thereof, wherein the polyester FDY comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65-85 parts of fiber modified polyester, 10-20 parts of chitosan-modified starch copolymer, 5-8 parts of compatilizer and 1-3 parts of stabilizer; the preparation method of the fiber modified polyester comprises the following steps: 1) slowly adding 700mL of concentrated sulfuric acid into 350mL of water at room temperature, and diluting the solution to 1L with water after the solution is cooled; 2) putting the wool fibers into a triangular flask, adding 75% sulfuric acid solution for dissolving, and putting the triangular flask on an oscillator for shaking for 60min to completely dissolve the wool fibers; 3) the polyester and the wool fiber dissolving solution are added into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 4 hours to prepare a mixed melt; 4) feeding the mixed melt into a screw extruder for extrusion treatment to prepare fiber modified polyester; the processing technology comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a molten mass; s2, spinning; s3, cooling; s4, oiling; and S5, winding and forming. The FDY yarn prepared by the formula and the process has good dyeing property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field, in particular to polyester FDY (fully drawn yarn) easy to dye and degrade and a processing technology thereof.
Background
FDY, a fully drawn yarn, also known as fully drawn yarn, introduces a drawing effect during spinning and can obtain a wound yarn having a high degree of orientation and a moderate degree of crystallinity. The polyester FDY yarn is fully drawn yarn prepared by using polyester as a main material, the polyester fiber has excellent performances of high breaking strength and elastic modulus, moderate resilience, excellent heat setting, good heat and light resistance, good acid, alkali and corrosion resistance and the like, and a fabric prepared from the polyester FDY yarn has the advantages of crease resistance, good stiffness, smooth and soft hand feeling and the like, so the polyester FDY yarn is often used for weaving silk-like fabric and has wide application in the aspects of clothing and home textiles.
The polyester material used for manufacturing the PDY yarn is mostly polyethylene terephthalate, namely PET material, the molecular structure of the PET material is a linear chain macromolecule with symmetry, the molecular chain does not contain a side chain group, the regularity is good, the main chain of the PET material contains a rigid benzene ring and a flexible alkyl structure, and an ester group directly connected with the benzene ring and the benzene ring form a rigid conjugated system, thereby restricting the free rotation of the flexible chain segment. The structure has obvious influence on the glass transition temperature, the wall ridges for molecular chain motion are increased, the glass transition temperature of the PET material is higher, and dyeing is needed at a very high temperature to promote dye molecules to diffuse into the fiber. In addition, the molecular chain of the PET is regular, the crystallinity is good, the molecular chain arrangement is compact, and the polar group which has the effect with dye molecules is not arranged on the molecular chain, so that the coloring of the polyester fiber is more difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide polyester FDY yarns that are easily dyeable and degradable, and that have easily dyeable properties.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65-85 parts of fiber modified polyester, 10-20 parts of chitosan-modified starch copolymer, 5-8 parts of compatilizer and 1-3 parts of stabilizer; the preparation method of the fiber modified polyester comprises the following steps: 1) preparing 75% sulfuric acid solution: slowly adding 700mL of concentrated sulfuric acid (with the density of 1.84g/mL) into 350mL of water at room temperature, cooling the solution to room temperature, and diluting the solution to 1L with water; 2) fiber dissolution: weighing wool fibers, putting the wool fibers into a triangular flask, adding 100mL of 75% sulfuric acid solution into each gram of wool fibers for dissolving, covering a bottle stopper, putting the triangular flask on an oscillator, oscillating for 60min, and performing the operation at room temperature to completely dissolve the wool fibers; 3) blending modification: putting polyester into an internal mixer, heating to a molten state, adding the wool fiber solution into the polyester molten liquid, and internally mixing for 4 hours to prepare a mixed melt; 4) extruding: and (3) feeding the mixed melt into a screw extruder for extrusion treatment to obtain the fiber modified polyester.
By adopting the technical scheme, the wool fiber is soft and has high surface scale density, dye molecules can easily enter the interior of the wool fiber, and the polyester is modified by using the wool fiber so as to make up the defect that the dye molecules are difficult to diffuse into the interior of the polyester fiber, thereby improving the dyeing easiness of the FDY;
in the preparation process of the fiber modified polyester, the wool fiber is dissolved firstly to improve the combination degree of the wool fiber and the polyester and the uniformity of the wool fiber dispersed in the polyester, and the easy dyeing characteristic of the wool fiber can fully play a role after the component is prepared into FDY (fully drawn yarn) because the component taking the fiber modified polyester as the main material is re-spun finally to reduce the fiber structure of the system; the starch and the chitosan have biodegradability, and the chitosan and the starch are copolymerized, so that the starch has good adsorbability and adhesiveness, and chitosan molecules can enter the molecular structure of the starch conveniently, and the chitosan and the starch are synergistic with each other to improve the degradability of the chitosan-modified starch; the component is added into a system to make up the defect of slow degradation speed of fiber modified polyester, so that the biodegradation performance of the FDY yarn is improved; and the chitosan-modified starch takes starch as a main material, and the starch has high compatibility and strong adhesiveness, thereby being beneficial to improving the connection strength among all components and the system stability.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the mass part ratio of the polyester to the wool fiber is 1: (0.1-0.3).
By adopting the technical scheme, because the wool fibers have the defect of easy moth-eating, the addition amount of the wool fibers is not suitable to be too much so as to avoid influencing the quality of the FDY, and the addition amount of the wool fibers is too small so as to easily achieve the ideal effect of improving the dyeing performance, so that the addition ratio of the polyester to the wool fibers is controlled within a proper range.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the polyester is a PLA/PET compound.
By adopting the technical scheme, the PLA has good compatibility, degradability, mechanical property and physical property; the good compatibility is beneficial to improving the compounding effect of the PET, so that the mechanical property of the PET is improved; the better degradability than PET is beneficial to enhancing the biodegradability of fiber modified polyester, thereby improving the environmental protection performance of FDY yarn.
The invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the preparation method of the PLA/PET compound comprises the following steps: 1) weighing 50 parts of PET, 5 parts of PLA, 8 parts of phenol and 8 parts of tetrachloroethane solution according to parts by weight; 2) adding the PET, PLA, phenol and tetrachloroethane solution weighed in the step 1) into a stirrer, and stirring at normal temperature for 20min to prepare a mixed solution; 3) and (3) feeding the mixed solution into a screw extruder for extrusion molding, and cooling at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain the PLA/PET compound.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, PET and PLA dissolve in phenol and tetrachloroethane solution, send into the mixed solution spiral extruder, and the multistage blending of spiral extruder is favorable to providing sufficient time and temperature for the copolymerization of PET and PLA, and the last extrusion process of spiral extruder is favorable to improving the copolymerization degree of PET and PLA.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the preparation method of the chitosan-modified starch copolymer comprises the following steps: 1) starch modification: adding water into dry starch, stirring to prepare 25% starch milk, carrying out oxidation modification on the starch milk at 50 ℃ by using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant, wherein the addition amount of the hydrogen peroxide is 1.5% of the weight of the starch milk, dropwise adding 2% of sodium hydroxide solution in the modification process to maintain the pH value of 8.5, and filtering, washing and drying after the oxidation reaction is finished to prepare a modified starch finished product; 2) preparation of chitosan-modified starch copolymer: firstly, dissolving chitosan in 1% citric acid for later use; weighing 10 parts by weight of modified starch, gelatinizing at 80 ℃, adding 1 part by weight of chitosan solution, and stirring for 2 hours to obtain the chitosan-modified starch copolymer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the starch is firstly subjected to oxidation modification treatment, and the oxidized starch has good dispersibility and is easy to be absorbed by fibers so as to permeate into the fibers, thereby improving the combination degree of the chitosan-modified starch copolymer and the fiber modified polyester; the starch oxidized by the hydrogen peroxide has good mildew and moth resistance, and is beneficial to making up the defect that wool fibers are easy to moth, so that the FDY has easy dyeing property and certain moth resistance; chitosan is easy to dissolve in weak acid solution, acetylation reaction can not occur in the weak acid solution, the molecular structure of the chitosan can not be changed, and the stability of the prepared chitosan-modified starch copolymer can be ensured.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the compatilizer is an epoxy compatilizer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the epoxy compatilizer has good compatibility with various types of resin and copolymers thereof and is low in price, so that the epoxy compatilizer is selected to be used as the compatilizer in the scheme.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the stabilizer is dibasic lead stearate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the dibasic lead stearate is a lead salt stabilizer, and the dibasic lead stearate is a non-ionic stabilizer and is non-conductive, so that the dibasic lead stearate has excellent insulativity, and the processing convenience of the FDY filament is improved; the dibasic lead stearate has low price, and the production cost can be effectively reduced by selecting the dibasic lead stearate.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the processing technology of the polyester FDY yarn which is easy to dye and degrade based on the first purpose.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the processing technology of the polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, melt preparation: firstly, adding fiber modified polyester, chitosan-modified starch copolymer, compatilizer and stabilizer into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 1 hour, so that the components are uniformly mixed to prepare a molten mass;
s2, spinning: pumping the melt into a spinning box through a booster pump to be spun into fiber yarns, wherein the spinning temperature is 250-270 ℃, the spinning speed is controlled to be 2500-2800 m/min, and the extrusion temperature is 280-300 ℃, so as to prepare preformed yarn;
s3, cooling: performing air cooling treatment on the preformed yarn, wherein the temperature of cooling air is controlled to be 15-25 ℃, and the air speed is 0.4-0.6 m/s;
s4, oiling: oiling the cooled preformed yarn, wherein the oiling rate is 0.5-1.0 wt%;
s5, winding and forming: the winding speed is 4000-4600 m/min, the filament number is 0.3-0.9 dtex, and the finished FDY yarn is prepared.
In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial effects:
1. the wool fibers are soft and have high surface scale density, dye molecules can easily enter the interior of the wool fibers, and the polyester is modified by using the wool fibers, so that the defect that the dye molecules are difficult to diffuse into the polyester fibers is overcome, and the easy dyeing performance of the FDY is improved;
2. in the preparation process of the fiber modified polyester, the wool fiber is dissolved firstly to improve the combination degree of the wool fiber and the polyester and the uniformity of the wool fiber dispersed in the polyester, and the easy dyeing characteristic of the wool fiber can fully play a role after the component is prepared into FDY (fully drawn yarn) because the component taking the fiber modified polyester as the main material is re-spun finally to reduce the fiber structure of the system;
3. the chitosan-modified starch copolymer is added into the system to make up for the defect of slow degradation speed of fiber modified polyester, so that the biodegradability of the FDY yarn is improved.
Detailed Description
Example 1 discloses polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade and a processing technology thereof,
the polyester FDY comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75 parts of wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound, 15 parts of chitosan-modified starch copolymer, 6.5 parts of epoxy compatilizer and 2 parts of dibasic lead stearate;
the preparation method of the PLA/PET compound comprises the following steps: 1) weighing 50 parts of PET, 5 parts of PLA, 8 parts of phenol and 8 parts of tetrachloroethane solution according to parts by weight; 2) adding the PET, PLA, phenol and tetrachloroethane solution weighed in the step 1) into a stirrer, and stirring at normal temperature for 20min to prepare a mixed solution; 3) feeding the mixed solution into a screw extruder for extrusion molding, and cooling at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain a PLA/PET compound;
the preparation method of the wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound comprises the following steps: 1) preparing 75% sulfuric acid solution: slowly adding 700mL of concentrated sulfuric acid (with the density of 1.84g/mL) into 350mL of water at room temperature, cooling the solution to room temperature, and diluting the solution to 1L with water; 2) fiber dissolution: weighing wool fibers, putting the wool fibers into a triangular flask, adding 100mL of 75% sulfuric acid solution into each gram of wool fibers for dissolving, covering a bottle stopper, putting the triangular flask on an oscillator for oscillating for 60min, and carrying out the operation at room temperature to completely dissolve the wool fibers; 3) blending modification: putting the PLA/PET compound into an internal mixer, heating to a molten state, adding the wool fiber dissolving solution into the PLA/PET compound molten solution, and internally mixing for 4 hours, wherein the mass part ratio of the PLA/PET compound to the wool fiber is 1: 0.2, preparing a mixed melt; 4) extruding: sending the mixed melt into a screw extruder for extrusion treatment to prepare a wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound; the preparation method of the chitosan-modified starch copolymer comprises the following steps: 1) starch modification: adding water into dry starch, stirring to prepare 25% starch milk, carrying out oxidation modification on the starch milk at 50 ℃ by using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant, wherein the addition amount of the hydrogen peroxide is 1.5% of the weight of the starch milk, dropwise adding 2% of sodium hydroxide solution in the modification process to maintain the pH value of 8.5, and filtering, washing and drying after the oxidation reaction is finished to prepare a modified starch finished product; 2) preparation of chitosan-modified starch copolymer: firstly, dissolving chitosan in 1% citric acid for later use; weighing 10 parts by weight of modified starch, gelatinizing at 80 ℃, adding 1 part by weight of chitosan solution, and stirring for 2 hours to obtain a chitosan-modified starch copolymer;
the processing technology of the polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, melt preparation: firstly, adding fiber modified polyester, chitosan-modified starch copolymer, compatilizer and stabilizer into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 1 hour, so that the components are uniformly mixed to prepare a molten mass;
s2, spinning: pumping the melt into a spinning box by a booster pump to be spun into fiber yarns, wherein the spinning temperature is 260 ℃, the spinning speed is controlled at 2650m/min, and the extrusion temperature is 290 ℃ to prepare preformed yarns;
s3, cooling: performing air cooling treatment on the preformed yarn, wherein the temperature of cooling air is controlled at 20 ℃, and the air speed is 0.5 m/s;
s4, oiling: oiling the cooled preformed yarn, wherein the oiling rate is 0.75 wt%;
s5, winding and forming: the winding speed is 4300m/min, the filament number is 0.6dtex, and the finished FDY yarn is prepared.
Example 2 is polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade and a processing technology thereof disclosed by the invention,
the polyester FDY comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of a wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound, 10 parts of a chitosan-modified starch copolymer, 5 parts of an epoxy type compatilizer and 1 part of dibasic lead stearate;
the preparation method of the PLA/PET compound, the preparation method of the wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound and the preparation method of the chitosan-modified starch copolymer are the same as the embodiment 1;
the processing technology of the polyester FDY yarn which is easy to dye and degrade is the same as that of the example 1.
Example 3 is polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade and a processing technology thereof disclosed by the invention,
the polyester FDY comprises the following components in parts by weight: 85 parts of wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound, 20 parts of chitosan-modified starch copolymer, 8 parts of epoxy type compatilizer and 3 parts of dibasic lead stearate;
the preparation method of the PLA/PET compound, the preparation method of the wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound and the preparation method of the chitosan-modified starch copolymer are the same as the embodiment 1;
the processing technology of the polyester FDY yarn which is easy to dye and degrade is the same as that of the example 1.
Example 4 differs from example 1 in that:
the mass part ratio of the PLA/PET compound to the wool fiber is 1: 0.1.
example 5 differs from example 1 in that:
the mass part ratio of the PLA/PET compound to the wool fiber is 1: 0.3.
example 6 differs from example 1 in that:
the processing technology of the polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, melt preparation: firstly, adding fiber modified polyester, chitosan-modified starch copolymer, compatilizer and stabilizer into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 1 hour, so that the components are uniformly mixed to prepare a molten mass;
s2, spinning: pumping the melt into a spinning box by a booster pump to be spun into fiber yarns, wherein the spinning temperature is 250 ℃, the spinning speed is controlled at 2500m/min, and the extrusion temperature is 280 ℃ to prepare preformed yarns;
s3, cooling: performing air cooling treatment on the preformed yarn, wherein the temperature of cooling air is controlled at 15 ℃, and the air speed is 0.4 m/s;
s4, oiling: oiling the cooled preformed yarn, wherein the oiling rate is 0.5 wt%;
s5, winding and forming: the winding speed is 4000m/min, the filament number is 0.3dtex, and the finished FDY yarn is prepared.
Example 7 differs from example 1 in that:
the processing technology of the polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, melt preparation: firstly, adding fiber modified polyester, chitosan-modified starch copolymer, compatilizer and stabilizer into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 1 hour, so that the components are uniformly mixed to prepare a molten mass;
s2, spinning: pumping the melt into a spinning box by a booster pump to be spun into fiber yarns, wherein the spinning temperature is 270 ℃, the spinning speed is controlled at 2800m/min, and the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃ to prepare preformed yarns;
s3, cooling: performing air cooling treatment on the preformed yarn, wherein the temperature of cooling air is controlled at 25 ℃, and the air speed is 0.6 m/s;
s4, oiling: oiling the cooled preformed yarn, wherein the oiling rate is 1.0 wt%;
s5, winding and forming: the winding speed is 4600m/min, the filament number is 0.9dtex, and the finished FDY yarn is prepared.
Comparative example 1 is polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade and its processing technology disclosed in the present invention,
the polyester FDY yarn comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of PET and 2 parts of dibasic lead stearate;
the processing technology of the polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, melt preparation: firstly adding PET and dibasic lead stearate into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 1h to ensure that the components are uniformly mixed to prepare a molten mass;
S2-S5 are the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2 is polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade and its processing technology disclosed in the present invention,
the polyester FDY comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of PLA/PET compound and 2 parts of dibasic lead stearate;
the preparation method of the PLA/PET compound is the same as that of example 1;
the processing technology of the polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, melt preparation: firstly adding the PLA/PET compound and dibasic lead stearate into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 1h, so that the components are uniformly mixed to prepare a molten mass;
S2-S5 are the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3 is the polyester FDY yarn easy to be dyed and degraded and the process thereof disclosed in the present invention,
the polyester FDY comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound and 2 parts of dibasic lead stearate;
the preparation method of the PLA/PET compound is the same as that of the embodiment 1;
the preparation method of the wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound is the same as that of the embodiment 1;
the processing technology of the polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, melt preparation: firstly, adding the wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound and dibasic lead stearate into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 1h, so that the components are uniformly mixed to prepare a molten mass;
S2-S5 are the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4 is polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade and process for making the same disclosed in the present invention,
the polyester FDY comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75 parts of wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound, 15 parts of starch, 6.5 parts of epoxy compatilizer and 2 parts of dibasic lead stearate;
the preparation method of the PLA/PET compound is the same as that of example 1;
the preparation method of the wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound is the same as that of the example 1;
the processing technology of the polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, melt preparation: firstly, adding the wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound, starch, an epoxy compatilizer and dibasic lead stearate into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 1 hour, so that the components are uniformly mixed to prepare a molten mass;
S2-S5 are the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 5 is polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade and process for making the same disclosed in the present invention,
the polyester FDY comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75 parts of wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound, 15 parts of modified starch, 6.5 parts of epoxy type compatilizer and 2 parts of dibasic lead stearate;
the preparation method of the PLA/PET compound is the same as that of example 1;
the preparation method of the wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound is the same as that of the example 1;
the preparation method of the modified starch comprises the following steps: adding water into dry starch, stirring to prepare 25% starch milk, carrying out oxidation modification on the starch milk at 50 ℃ by using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant, wherein the addition amount of the hydrogen peroxide is 1.5% of the weight of the starch milk, dropwise adding 2% of sodium hydroxide solution in the modification process to maintain the pH value of 8.5, and filtering, washing and drying after the oxidation reaction is finished to prepare a modified starch finished product;
the processing technology of the polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, melt preparation: firstly, adding the wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound, the modified starch, the epoxy compatilizer and dibasic lead stearate into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 1 hour, so that the components are uniformly mixed to prepare a molten mass;
S2-S5 are the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 6 is polyester FDY yarn easy to be dyed and degraded and its processing technology disclosed in the present invention,
the polyester FDY yarn comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75 parts of wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound, 15 parts of chitosan-starch copolymer, 6.5 parts of epoxy type compatilizer and 2 parts of dibasic lead stearate;
the preparation method of the PLA/PET compound is the same as that of the embodiment 1;
the preparation method of the wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound is the same as that of the example 1;
the preparation method of the chitosan-starch copolymer comprises the following steps: firstly, dissolving chitosan in 1% citric acid for later use; weighing 10 parts by weight of starch, gelatinizing at 80 ℃, adding 1 part by weight of chitosan solution, and stirring for 2 hours to obtain a chitosan-starch copolymer;
the processing technology of the polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, melt preparation: firstly, adding the wool fiber modified PLA/PET compound, the chitosan-starch copolymer, the epoxy compatilizer and dibasic lead stearate into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 1 hour, so that the components are uniformly mixed to prepare a molten mass;
S2-S5 are the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 7 differs from example 1 in that:
the mass part ratio of the PLA/PET compound to the wool fiber is 1: 0.05.
comparative example 8 differs from example 1 in that:
the mass part ratio of the PLA/PET compound to the wool fiber is 1: 0.4.
performance test
The FDY filaments prepared in examples 1-7 and comparative examples 1-8 were sampled and the following performance testing tests were performed on the samples using comparative example 1 as a prior art control.
And (3) detecting dyeing property:
the dyeing method comprises the following steps: soaking sample fiber with nonionic surfactant at 60 deg.C for 30 min, and dyeing the sample with disperse red 3B and disperse blue SE-2R respectively in a high temperature and high pressure machine;
and (3) related parameters: the dye amount is 2.0% (o.w.f); the concentration of the dispersant NN0 is 1.2g/L, the pH value is 5, the bath ratio is 1: dyeing at 50 and 60 ℃, and then heating to 120 ℃ for constant-temperature dyeing for 1 hour;
the dye uptake percentage calculation method comprises the following steps: determining by adopting a residual liquid colorimetric method, absorbing a proper amount of dyeing stock solution and dyeing residual liquid, adding N, N-2 methyl formamide (DMF) and distilled water, enabling the proportion of the DMF to the water in the dye solution to be detected to be 70/30, measuring the absorbance of the dye solution by adopting an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, calculating the dyeing percentage by using the following formula, wherein the higher the dyeing percentage is, the stronger the easy dyeing performance of the FDY yarn is, and the calculation results are recorded in tables 1 and 2:
percentage of dye uptake was 100% × (1-A1/A0)
In the above formula, A0 and A1 are the absorbances of the staining stock solution and the staining residual solution, respectively.
TABLE 1-percentage of staining at 120 ℃ for samples stained with disperse Red 3B and disperse blue SE-2R, respectively
And (3) detecting the degradation performance:
the test method comprises the following steps: after the sample is placed under the conditions of the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 65% for 60 months, the intrinsic viscosity reduction (in%) of the sample is detected, the degradation performance of the sample is characterized by using the intrinsic viscosity reduction, the larger the value of the intrinsic viscosity reduction of the sample is, the better the degradation performance of the sample is, and the detection results are recorded in table 2.
TABLE 2 intrinsic viscosity reduction of samples
| Sample (I) | Intrinsic viscosity reduction/%) |
| Example 1 | 19 |
| Example 2 | 18 |
| Example 3 | 18 |
| Example 4 | 17 |
| Example 5 | 18 |
| Example 6 | 17 |
| Example 7 | 17 |
| COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 (COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE) | 6 |
| Comparative example 2 | 9 |
| Comparative example 3 | 10 |
| Comparative example 4 | 12 |
| Comparative example 5 | 14 |
| Comparative example 6 | 15 |
| Comparative example 7 | 15 |
| Comparative example 8 | 16 |
As is clear from the detection results in tables 1 and 2:
1. the dyeing performance and the degradation performance of the FDY yarns prepared by the synergistic coordination of the components in the example 1 are obviously higher than those of the FDY yarns prepared by the synergistic coordination of the components in the comparative examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6;
2. the PLA/PET compound is modified by using the wool fiber, so that the dyeing property of the FDY yarn is obviously improved;
3. the starch is modified, and the chitosan and the modified starch are copolymerized, so that the degradation performance of the FDY yarn is obviously improved;
4. PLA and PET are compounded, so that the degradation performance of PET is improved;
5. the proportion of the components of the FDY is changed in a proper range, and the dyeing performance and the degradation performance of the FDY are not greatly influenced;
6. the proportion of the PLA/PET compound and the wool fibers is controlled in a proper range so as to prevent the dyeing property of the FDY yarn from being influenced when the addition amount of the wool fibers is too much or too little;
7. parameters of each process step are finely adjusted in a proper range, and the dyeing property and the degradation property of the FDY are not greatly influenced.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. Polyester FDY silk that easily dyes and degrade, its characterized in that: the polyester FDY comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65-85 parts of fiber modified polyester, 10-20 parts of chitosan-modified starch copolymer, 5-8 parts of compatilizer and 1-3 parts of stabilizer; the preparation method of the fiber modified polyester comprises the following steps: 1) preparing 75% sulfuric acid solution: slowly adding 700mL of concentrated sulfuric acid into 350mL of water at room temperature, cooling the solution to room temperature, and diluting to 1L with water; 2) fiber dissolution: weighing wool fibers, putting the wool fibers into a triangular flask, adding 100mL of 75% sulfuric acid solution into each gram of wool fibers for dissolving, covering a bottle stopper, putting the triangular flask on an oscillator for oscillating for 60min, and performing the operation at room temperature to completely dissolve the wool fibers; 3) blending modification: putting polyester into an internal mixer, heating to a molten state, adding the wool fiber solution into the polyester molten liquid, and carrying out internal mixing for 4 hours to prepare a mixed melt; 4) extruding: feeding the mixed melt into a screw extruder for extrusion treatment to prepare fiber modified polyester;
the polyester is a PLA/PET compound;
the mass part ratio of the polyester to the wool fiber is 1: (0.1-0.3);
the preparation method of the PLA/PET compound comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 50 parts of PET, 5 parts of PLA, 8 parts of phenol and 8 parts of tetrachloroethane solution according to parts by weight;
2) adding the PET, PLA, phenol and tetrachloroethane solution weighed in the step 1) into a stirrer, and stirring at normal temperature for 20min to prepare a mixed solution;
3) feeding the mixed solution into a screw extruder for extrusion molding, and cooling at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain a PLA/PET compound;
the preparation method of the chitosan-modified starch copolymer comprises the following steps: 1) starch modification: adding water into dry starch, stirring to prepare 25% starch milk, carrying out oxidation modification on the starch milk at 50 ℃ by using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant, wherein the addition amount of the hydrogen peroxide is 1.5% of the weight of the starch milk, dropwise adding 2% of sodium hydroxide solution in the modification process to maintain the pH =8.5, and filtering, washing and drying after the oxidation reaction is finished to obtain a modified starch finished product; 2) preparation of chitosan-modified starch copolymer: firstly, dissolving chitosan in 1% citric acid for later use; weighing 10 parts by weight of modified starch, gelatinizing at 80 ℃, adding 1 part by weight of chitosan solution, and stirring for 2 hours to obtain the chitosan-modified starch copolymer.
2. Polyester FDY yarn susceptible to dyeing and degradation according to claim 1, wherein: the compatilizer is an epoxy compatilizer.
3. Polyester FDY yarn susceptible to dyeing and degradation according to claim 1, wherein: the stabilizer is dibasic lead stearate.
4. The process for producing polyester FDY yarn easy to dye and degrade as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, melt preparation: firstly, adding fiber modified polyester, chitosan-modified starch copolymer, compatilizer and stabilizer into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 1 hour, so that the components are uniformly mixed to prepare a molten mass;
s2, spinning: pumping the melt into a spinning box by a booster pump to be spun into fiber yarns, wherein the spinning temperature is 250-270 ℃, the spinning speed is controlled at 2500-2800 m/min, and the extrusion temperature is 280-300 ℃ to prepare preformed yarns;
s3, cooling: performing air cooling treatment on the preformed yarn, wherein the temperature of cooling air is controlled to be 15-25 ℃, and the air speed is 0.4-0.6 m/s;
s4, oiling: oiling the cooled preformed yarn, wherein the oiling rate is 0.5-1.0 wt%;
s5, winding and forming: the winding speed is 4000-4600 m/min, the filament number is 0.3-0.9 dtex, and the finished FDY yarn is prepared.
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| CN101148788A (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2008-03-26 | 武汉大学 | Chitosan/starch blending medicine-carrying fibre, preparation method and use thereof |
| CN101812742A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-08-25 | 苏州双轮化纤有限公司 | Ultrafine full-dull ultraviolet-resistant composite fiber |
| JP2012241150A (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2012-12-10 | Takayasu Co Ltd | Polymer alloy including polylactic acid resin and polyethylene terephthalate resin, and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN103255492A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-08-21 | 浙江理工大学 | Preparation method of completely biodegradable aliphatic copolyester fully drawn yarn |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101148788A (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2008-03-26 | 武汉大学 | Chitosan/starch blending medicine-carrying fibre, preparation method and use thereof |
| CN101812742A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-08-25 | 苏州双轮化纤有限公司 | Ultrafine full-dull ultraviolet-resistant composite fiber |
| JP2012241150A (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2012-12-10 | Takayasu Co Ltd | Polymer alloy including polylactic acid resin and polyethylene terephthalate resin, and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN103255492A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-08-21 | 浙江理工大学 | Preparation method of completely biodegradable aliphatic copolyester fully drawn yarn |
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