CN111363982A - Novel titanium-containing ferrite system heat-resistant steel and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Novel titanium-containing ferrite system heat-resistant steel and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001309 Ferromolybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003483 aging Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses novel titanium-containing ferrite system heat-resistant steel, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the heat-resistant steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 9.0-16.0 wt% of Cr, 0.5-2.0 wt% of Mn, 2.0-4 wt% of Si, 0.8-1.5 wt% of Mo, 3.0-6.0 wt% of Al, 0.1-0.4 wt% of C, 0.05-2.5 wt% of Ti, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities; among them, inevitable impurities include: p and S, wherein P is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%, and S is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%. The high-temperature strength of the heat-resistant steel is improved by utilizing the age hardening effect of Ti and Al, and the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the alloy is obviously improved by utilizing the aluminum oxide and the silicon oxide formed by Si and Al, so that the heat-resistant steel is used in a high-temperature environment of 900 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ferrite system heat-resistant steel, in particular to a novel titanium-containing ferrite system heat-resistant steel and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the progress of technology and social development, the demand for energy is gradually increased, and energy conservation and environmental protection are increasingly paid attention and paid attention. There is an increasing demand for heat-resistant and high-temperature materials in supercritical and ultra-supercritical power generation sets, waste incineration power generation and fusion reaction equipment, which are one of clean coal power generation technologies.
At present, ferritic heat-resistant steels, which are heat-resistant steels belonging to a martensitic structure such as P91 and P92, are the most important in supercritical power generation units. The steel is added with Mo, W and Nb elements on the basis of 9-12% of Cr, has good creep strength and good ductility, and is widely used for ultra-supercritical boiler parts such as steam headers, reheaters and turbines. However, the maximum service temperature of the heat-resistant steel is about 650 ℃, and the service temperature of a grate in a garbage incinerator is generally 650-750 ℃ or even higher. At present, the waste incinerator is mainly made of austenitic heat-resistant steel, but the steel contains Cr and Ni with higher content, so that the cost of the steel is obviously improved.
Therefore, the research and development of novel ferrite heat-resistant steel with high oxidation resistance and good high-temperature strength is significant.
Chinese patent CN107326301A discloses a ferritic heat-resistant steel, which introduces a nano-scale intermetallic compound precipitated from the matrix during aging to improve the strength of the steel, and the composition of the steel is: cr: 18.0 to 25.0 wt%; ni: 1.0-5.0 wt%; mn: 0-2.0 wt%; si: 2.0-4.0 wt%; ti: 0.5-3.0 wt%; nb: 1.0-2.5 wt%; c: 0-0.05 wt%; b: 0 to 0.08 wt%; the balance of Fe and inevitable elements. Although the heat-resistant steel is suitable for engineering structural parts, the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the heat-resistant steel is insufficient, and the production and processing cost of the steel is overhigh due to the high Cr and Ni content.
Chinese patent CN102268603A discloses a high-aluminum ferritic heat-resistant steel, which proposes that Al is formed at high temperature by adding a certain content of Al element2O3Passivation filmBecause of adding trace rare earth elements, the surface Al is enhanced2O3The binding force of the passive film and the matrix ensures that the heat-resistant steel of the ferrite system has extremely high-temperature oxidation resistance. The heat-resistant steel comprises the following chemical components: cr: 9.0-15.0 wt%; co: 1.0-5.0 wt%; w: 0.5-4.0 wt%; mo: 0.5-4.0 wt%; al: 2.0-4.0 wt%; nb: 0.01-0.9 wt%; v: 0.1-0.8 wt%; c: 0.01-0.08 wt%; n: 0.001 to 0.05 wt%; b: 0.001 to 0.02 wt%; si: 0.1-0.4 wt%; 0.01 to 0.1 wt% of Ti; 0 to 0.5 wt% of Ta; RE or Hf: 0 to 0.1 wt%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. However, the ferritic heat-resistant steel contains many alloy elements and rare earth elements, and therefore, the processing cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide novel titanium-containing ferrite system heat-resistant steel, a preparation method and application thereof, the heat-resistant steel solves the problem that the existing heat-resistant steel is poor in high-temperature oxidation resistance, has good high-temperature oxidation resistance, and improves the high-temperature strength of the heat-resistant steel.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides novel titanium-containing ferrite system heat-resistant steel which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
9.0-16.0 wt% of Cr, 0.5-2.0 wt% of Mn, 2.0-4 wt% of Si, 0.8-1.5 wt% of Mo, 3.0-6.0 wt% of Al, 0.1-0.4 wt% of C, 0.05-2.5 wt% of Ti, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities; among them, inevitable impurities include: p and S, wherein P is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%, and S is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%. The heat-resistant steel of the present invention does not contain W and Nb, and W and Nb added in the prior art improve the high-temperature strength of the steel by solid solution and precipitation of a second phase in the steel. The invention improves Ti content to ensure strength, and ensures strength and oxidation resistance through high silicon and high aluminum. In addition, the price of W and Nb is higher, which can increase the cost, and the performance of the invention can reach or exceed the performance of the existing heat-resistant steel under the condition of not adding high-cost W and Nb.
The tensile strength Rm of the heat-resistant steel is more than 1000Mp at 500 ℃ and 600 ℃, and the oxidation rate Km of the heat-resistant steel is less than 0.036g/m after being oxidized at 900 ℃ for 100h2*h。
Preferably, the heat-resistant steel consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 9.0-16.0 wt% of Cr, 0.5-2.0 wt% of Mn, 2.7-4 wt% of Si, 1.2-1.5 wt% of Mo, 5.0-6.0 wt% of Al, 0.25-0.4 wt% of C, 0.05-1.9 wt% of Ti, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities; among them, inevitable impurities include: p and S, wherein P is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%, and S is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%.
Preferably, the heat-resistant steel consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 9.0 wt% of Cr, 0.5 wt% of Mn, 2.7 to 4 wt% of Si, 1.2 to 1.5 wt% of Mo, 5.0 to 6.0 wt% of Al, 0.25 to 0.4 wt% of C, 0.05 to 1.9 wt% of Ti, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities; among them, inevitable impurities include: p and S, wherein P is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%, and S is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%.
Preferably, the heat-resistant steel consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 9.0 wt% of Cr, 0.5 wt% of Mn, 2.7 to 2.9 wt% of Si, 1.2 to 1.5 wt% of Mo, 5.0 to 6.0 wt% of Al, 0.25 to 0.27 wt% of C, 0.05 to 1.9 wt% of Ti, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities; among them, inevitable impurities include: p and S, wherein P is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%, and S is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%.
Preferably, the heat-resistant steel consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 9.0 wt% of Cr, 0.5 wt% of Mn, 2.7 to 2.9 wt% of Si, 1.2 to 1.5 wt% of Mo, 5.0 to 6.0 wt% of Al, 0.25 to 0.27 wt% of C, 1.2 to 1.9 wt% of Ti, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities; among them, inevitable impurities include: p and S, wherein P is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%, and S is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the novel titanium-containing ferritic heat-resistant steel, and the method comprises the following steps of:
melting iron raw materials, adding high-melting-point ferromolybdenum and ferrochromium alloy to complete melting, adding ferrosilicon and ferromanganese alloy, and adding pure aluminum and ferrotitanium alloy into a furnace after complete melting to obtain molten steel; wherein the ferromanganese is low-carbon ferromanganese or medium-carbon ferromanganese, the carbon content of the low-carbon ferromanganese is 0.2-0.7 wt%, and the carbon content of the medium-carbon ferromanganese is 1.0-2.0 wt%;
raising the temperature of the molten steel to 1600-1650 ℃, then pouring the molten steel into a ladle, adding a covering agent on the surface of the molten steel, preserving the temperature, standing, then carrying out casting molding, and preheating before casting of an ingot mold;
heating and preserving the obtained steel ingot at 1200-1250 ℃, forging the steel ingot into a required product, wherein the initial forging temperature of forging is 1150-1200 ℃, the final forging temperature is 900-980 ℃, and the blank is air-cooled to room temperature after the forging is finished;
performing solid solution treatment on the blank at 1150-1200 ℃, and then performing aging treatment at 500-700 ℃, wherein the microstructure of the obtained material is ferrite + carbide, and the carbide comprises: TiC and Cr23C6. The strength of the material is improved by solution treatment and aging treatment.
The material adopted by the invention is a full ferrite matrix, and the microstructure of the obtained heat-resistant steel is a ferrite structure at high temperature and normal temperature. The existing common ferrite heat-resistant steel has a martensite microstructure in nature, and the martensite needs to be obtained by quenching at a high temperature and then tempered at the high temperature to stabilize the microstructure and increase carbide precipitation to improve strength and recrystallization during high-temperature deformation processing. The solution treatment and the aging treatment of the present invention do not have martensitic transformation, but increase the strength by precipitating carbides such as titanium carbide and chromium carbide from the ferrite matrix by solution aging, that is, by the action of second phase strengthening. In terms of high-temperature oxidation resistance, the method has the advantages that the solution treatment and the solution aging treatment have no great influence, the high-temperature oxidation resistance is realized, and the strength is obviously improved after the solution aging treatment.
Preferably, the iron raw material is low carbon steel or pure iron.
Preferably, the ingot mould is preheated at 300 ℃ before casting.
The invention also provides the application of the novel titanium-containing ferrite system heat-resistant steel, and the heat-resistant steel is applied to the environment of waste incineration, aerospace, high-temperature chemical engineering or nuclear power equipment, and has the oxidation rate Km of less than 0.036g/m for 100h of high-temperature oxidation at 900 DEG C2*h。
The novel titanium-containing ferrite system heat-resistant steel, the preparation method and the application thereof solve the problem of poor high-temperature oxidation resistance of the conventional heat-resistant steel, and have the following advantages:
the heat-resistant steel disclosed by the invention adopts a Si, Al and Ti composite alloying design, the high-temperature strength of the heat-resistant steel is improved by utilizing the age hardening effect of the Ti element and the Al element, and the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the alloy can be obviously improved by utilizing the protective effect of aluminum oxide and silicon oxide formed on the alloy surface layer of the Si and the Al at high temperature, so that the ferrite heat-resistant steel can be used in a high-temperature environment of 900 ℃, and is suitable for garbage incineration, aerospace, high-temperature chemical engineering and nuclear power equipment environments.
The heat-resistant steel of the invention not only has higher strength than the prior ferrite heat-resistant steel by controlling the contents of Si, Al, Ti and C, has tensile strength Rm more than 1000Mp at 500 ℃ and 600 ℃, but also has low oxidation rate, and has oxidation rate Km less than 0.036g/m for 100h at 900 ℃2*h。
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A novel titanium-containing ferrite system heat-resistant steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: cr:9.0 percent; mn:0.5 percent; si: 2.9 percent; mo:1.2 percent; al:5 percent; c: 0.27 percent; ti: 1.9 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.01 percent; s: less than or equal to 0.01 percent; the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities.
The preparation method of the novel titanium-containing ferrite system heat-resistant steel comprises the following specific steps:
the addition of each alloy element is according to the weight percentage, wherein the Fe raw material is low-carbon steel or pure iron, and the smelting is carried out by adopting an induction furnace. Firstly, 50% of iron raw material is melted, high-melting-point ferromolybdenum and ferrochromium are added to complete melting, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese are added, wherein ferromanganese is low-carbon or medium-carbon ferromanganese (the carbon content of the low-carbon ferromanganese is 0.2-0.7 wt%, and the carbon content of the medium-carbon ferromanganese is 1.0-2.0 wt%), and pure aluminum and ferrotitanium are added into a furnace after complete melting to obtain molten steel.
And (3) raising the temperature of the molten steel to 1600-1650 ℃, then pouring the molten steel into a ladle, adding a covering agent on the surface of the molten steel, keeping the temperature, standing for 2min, then performing casting molding, and preheating at 300 ℃ before the ingot mold is cast.
Heating and preserving the steel ingot at 1200-1250 ℃, forging the steel ingot into a required product, air-cooling the forged blank to room temperature, wherein the initial forging temperature of forging is 1150-1200 ℃, and the final forging temperature is 900-980 ℃.
The forged product is subjected to solution treatment at 1150-1200 ℃, and then subjected to aging treatment at 500-700 ℃ to obtain the novel titanium-containing ferrite system heat-resistant steel, wherein the microstructure of the novel titanium-containing ferrite system heat-resistant steel is ferrite + carbide, and the carbide comprises: TiC and Cr23C6The mechanical property of the material is improved by solution treatment and aging treatment.
Example 2
A novel titanium-containing ferrite system heat-resistant steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: cr:9.0 percent; mn:0.5 percent; si: 2.9 percent; mo:1.2 percent; al:5 percent; c: 0.27 percent; ti: 0.5 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.01 percent; s: less than or equal to 0.01 percent; the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities.
The procedure of the method for producing the novel titanium-containing ferritic heat-resistant steel of example 2 is the same as that of example 1.
Example 3
A novel titanium-containing ferrite system heat-resistant steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: cr:9.0 percent; mn:0.5 percent; si:2.7 percent; mo:1.2 percent; al:5 percent; c:0.25 percent; ti:0.05 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.01 percent; s: 0.01 percent; the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities.
The procedure of the method for producing the novel titanium-containing ferritic heat-resistant steel of example 3 is the same as that of example 1.
Example 4
A novel titanium-containing ferrite system heat-resistant steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: cr:9.0 percent; mn:0.5 percent; si: 2.8 percent; mo:1.2 percent; al:5 percent; c:0.25 percent; ti:1.2 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.01 percent; s: less than or equal to 0.01 percent; the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities.
The procedure of the method for producing the novel titanium-containing ferritic heat-resistant steel of example 4 is the same as that of example 1.
The performance of examples 1-4 of the present invention was tested using the existing methods and the results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 age-hardening microhardness values at 600 ℃ for heat-resistant steels of inventive examples 1-4
TABLE 2 high-temperature mechanical Properties of Heat-resistant steels of inventive examples 1 to 4
Note: rm represents tensile strength; z represents the reduction of area; a represents elongation.
As can be seen from Table 2, the tensile strength Rm of the novel ferritic heat-resistant steel at 500 ℃ and 600 ℃ is more than 1000Mp, which is superior to that of the existing heat-resistant steel on the market, and the novel ferritic heat-resistant steel can bear larger load but has poor plastic deformation capability. The novel ferritic heat-resistant steel of example 1 of the present invention has a tensile strength of 1850MPa at room temperature and 820MPa at 650 ℃.
TABLE 3 high-temperature oxidation resistance Rate (g/m) at 900 ℃ of the heat-resistant steels of examples 1 to 4 of the present invention2*h)
As can be seen from Table 3, the novel ferritic heat-resistant steel of the present invention is oxidized at a high temperature of 900 ℃ for 100 hoursOxidation rate Km < 0.036 (g/m)2H) belonging to the first (complete) oxidation resistance level, and has more excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance than the traditional ultra-supercritical heat-resistant steel.
The room temperature tensile strength and the microhardness of the heat-resistant steels of examples 1 to 4 of the present invention were compared with those of conventional P91 and P92 ferritic heat-resistant steels, as shown in table 4 below.
TABLE 4 comparison of the Performance of inventive examples 1-4 with P91 and P92
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. The novel titanium-containing ferrite system heat-resistant steel is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
9.0-16.0 wt% of Cr, 0.5-2.0 wt% of Mn, 2.0-4 wt% of Si, 0.8-1.5 wt% of Mo, 3.0-6.0 wt% of Al, 0.1-0.4 wt% of C, 0.05-2.5 wt% of Ti, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities;
among them, inevitable impurities include: p and S, wherein P is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%, and S is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%.
2. The novel titaniferous ferritic heat-resistant steel according to claim 1, characterized by consisting of the following components in weight percent:
9.0-16.0 wt% of Cr, 0.5-2.0 wt% of Mn, 2.7-4 wt% of Si, 1.2-1.5 wt% of Mo, 5.0-6.0 wt% of Al, 0.25-0.4 wt% of C, 0.05-1.9 wt% of Ti, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities;
among them, inevitable impurities include: p and S, wherein P is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%, and S is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%.
3. The novel titaniferous ferritic heat-resistant steel according to claim 1, characterized by consisting of the following components in weight percent:
9.0 wt% of Cr, 0.5 wt% of Mn, 2.7 to 4 wt% of Si, 1.2 to 1.5 wt% of Mo, 5.0 to 6.0 wt% of Al, 0.25 to 0.4 wt% of C, 0.05 to 1.9 wt% of Ti, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities;
among them, inevitable impurities include: p and S, wherein P is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%, and S is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%.
4. The novel titaniferous ferritic heat-resistant steel according to claim 1, characterized by consisting of the following components in weight percent:
9.0 wt% of Cr, 0.5 wt% of Mn, 2.7 to 2.9 wt% of Si, 1.2 to 1.5 wt% of Mo, 5.0 to 6.0 wt% of Al, 0.25 to 0.27 wt% of C, 0.05 to 1.9 wt% of Ti, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities;
among them, inevitable impurities include: p and S, wherein P is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%, and S is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%.
5. The novel titaniferous ferritic heat-resistant steel according to claim 1, characterized by consisting of the following components in weight percent:
9.0 wt% of Cr, 0.5 wt% of Mn, 2.7 to 2.9 wt% of Si, 1.2 to 1.5 wt% of Mo, 5.0 to 6.0 wt% of Al, 0.25 to 0.27 wt% of C, 1.2 to 1.9 wt% of Ti, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities;
among them, inevitable impurities include: p and S, wherein P is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%, and S is less than or equal to 0.01 wt%.
6. A method for producing a novel titanium-containing ferritic heat-resistant steel as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the contents of the respective elements are as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 by weight percent, which comprises:
melting iron raw materials, adding high-melting-point ferromolybdenum and ferrochromium alloy to complete melting, adding ferrosilicon and ferromanganese alloy, and adding pure aluminum and ferrotitanium alloy into a furnace after complete melting to obtain molten steel; wherein the ferromanganese is low-carbon ferromanganese or medium-carbon ferromanganese, the carbon content of the low-carbon ferromanganese is 0.2-0.7 wt%, and the carbon content of the medium-carbon ferromanganese is 1.0-2.0 wt%;
raising the temperature of the molten steel to 1600-1650 ℃, then pouring the molten steel into a ladle, adding a covering agent on the surface of the molten steel, preserving the temperature, standing, then carrying out casting molding, and preheating before casting of an ingot mold;
heating and preserving the obtained steel ingot at 1200-1250 ℃, forging the steel ingot into a required product, wherein the initial forging temperature of forging is 1150-1200 ℃, the final forging temperature is 900-980 ℃, and the blank is air-cooled to room temperature after the forging is finished;
performing solid solution treatment on the blank at 1150-1200 ℃, and then performing aging treatment at 500-700 ℃, wherein the microstructure of the obtained material is ferrite + carbide, and the carbide comprises: TiC and Cr23C6。
7. The method for producing a novel titaniferous ferritic heat-resistant steel according to claim 6, characterized in that the iron raw material is low-carbon steel or pure iron.
8. The method for producing a novel titaniferous ferritic heat-resistant steel according to claim 6, characterized in that the ingot mold is preheated at 300 ℃ before casting.
9. Use of a new titaniferous ferritic heat-resistant steel according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in the environment of refuse incineration, aerospace, high temperature chemical or nuclear power plants, with an oxidation rate Km < 0.036g/m for 100h at 900 ℃ for high temperature oxidation2*h。
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| CN115341156A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-15 | 府谷县旭丽机电技术有限公司 | Fe-Al-B alloy suitable for magnesium metal refining pot and preparation method thereof |
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