CN111360556A

CN111360556A - Clamping fixture for outer barrel parts

Info

Publication number: CN111360556A
Application number: CN202010239374.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李成华; 吴奉明; 张文光; 莫建勇; 陈乐乐; 杨军
Original assignee: Chengdu Aircraft Industrial Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Aircraft Industrial Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-30
Filing date: 2020-03-30
Publication date: 2020-07-03

Abstract

The invention discloses a clamping fixture for outer cylinder parts, which comprises a flexible clamping system and a switching fixture, wherein the flexible clamping system is connected with a substrate, and the left end of a base shaft penetrates through the substrate and is connected with the flexible clamping system through a zero-point positioning rivet; a tensioning ring is sleeved on the outer side of the right end of the base shaft in a threaded manner, a conical pin is slidably sleeved in the right end of the base shaft, and the tensioning ring, the base shaft and the conical pin are connected through a positioning pin; a slotted bush is sleeved on the outer side of the right end of the conical pin, an external conical surface is arranged on the conical pin, and an inner hole of the slotted bush is correspondingly provided with a conical hole; the right end face of the base shaft is a positioning face, the positioning face is perpendicular to the axis of the base shaft, and the tail end face of the part is in contact positioning with the positioning face of the base shaft. According to the invention, an additional process boss is not required to be designed, the positioning and clamping are realized by utilizing the characteristics of the part, the complete positioning is realized, and the problems of axial rotation and movement in the traditional clamping mode are solved.

Description

Clamping fixture for outer barrel parts

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of clamping fixtures, and particularly relates to a clamping fixture for outer cylinder parts.

Background

At present, the outer cylinder part is clamped and pushed one by utilizing a chuck and a centre on a turning and milling compound machine tool. However, the clamping of the outer cylinder part still has a plurality of problems, and the typical problems are two points:

firstly, a process boss needs to be designed independently for a part, so that the processing content of the part is increased, and the process is complicated;

secondly, have all the time along the problem of axial float and pivoted, it is high to make the risk, because the unreliability of clamping, must rely on reducing the cutting parameter and increasing the risk that the part rotation brought with position review in actual processing, machining efficiency is low, and the master of the operation pressure is big.

Therefore, a clamping scheme with reliable positioning and clamping is urgently needed, so that the existing problems are solved, from the viewpoint of simplifying a process route, the clamp can be best used for clamping by utilizing the shape characteristics of a part per se without additionally increasing a large process boss, and from the viewpoint of convenient use, the clamping structure preferably has the characteristics of compact structure and convenient operation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a clamping fixture for outer cylinder parts, and aims to solve the problems of axial movement and radial rotation of the outer cylinder parts in the clamping process of a four-jaw chuck by reserving a square process boss at the tail part of the outer cylinder parts in the traditional method so as to clamp the outer cylinder parts on a rotary machine tool.

The invention realizes the positioning and clamping of the parts through the switching clamp, and the invention uses the expanding mandrel structure consisting of the slotted bush and the conical pin to position corresponding to the hole of the matched part, so that a process boss is not required to be additionally reserved, the processing scheme is simplified, the operation is convenient, and the positioning and clamping are reliable.

The invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme: a clamping fixture for outer cylinder parts comprises a flexible clamping system and a switching fixture, wherein the switching fixture comprises a zero point positioning blind rivet, a base plate, a base shaft, a positioning pin, a tensioning ring, a slotted bushing and a taper pin; the flexible clamping system is connected with the substrate, and the left end of the base shaft penetrates through the substrate and is connected with the flexible clamping system through a zero-point positioning rivet; a tensioning ring is sleeved on the outer side of the right end of the base shaft in a threaded manner, a conical pin is slidably sleeved in the right end of the base shaft, and the tensioning ring, the base shaft and the conical pin are connected through a positioning pin; a slotted bush is sleeved on the outer side of the right end of the conical pin, an external conical surface is arranged on the conical pin, and an inner hole of the slotted bush is correspondingly provided with a conical hole; the right end face of the base shaft is a positioning face, the positioning face is perpendicular to the axis of the base shaft, and the tail end face of the part is in contact positioning with the positioning face of the base shaft.

In order to better realize the invention, further, a high-precision inner hole is arranged at the right end of the base shaft, and an external thread is arranged on the outer side of the right end; the taper pin is provided with a high-precision excircle and is coaxially matched with the high-precision inner hole of the base shaft through the high-precision excircle; the tensioning ring is provided with an internal thread hole corresponding to the external thread, and is in threaded connection with the external thread at the right end of the base shaft through the internal thread hole.

In order to better realize the invention, further, a through waist-shaped hole is formed on the base shaft, and round holes are correspondingly formed on the tensioning ring and the conical pin respectively; the positioning pin penetrates through the tensioning ring, the base shaft and the conical pin in sequence; and a groove is formed in the internal thread hole of the tensioning ring corresponding to the positioning pin.

In order to better realize the invention, further, a key is arranged on the front end face of the flexible clamping system, a key groove is correspondingly arranged on the substrate, and the flexible clamping system is positioned through the key and the key groove of the substrate; the flexible clamping system is fixedly connected with the substrate through bolts.

In order to better realize the invention, a zero point positioning system element is arranged at the center of the flexible clamping system, a threaded hole for installing a zero point positioning blind rivet is arranged at the left end of the base shaft, and the base shaft is connected with the zero point positioning system element in a matching way through the zero point positioning blind rivet. The invention adopts a zero positioning system, thereby improving the clamping quality and the repeated positioning precision.

In order to better realize the invention, further, mounting grooves are arranged at two ends of the substrate corresponding to the parts, and locking screws are arranged on the mounting grooves; the both ends cooperation of part is installed in the mounting groove, and compresses tightly the part through locking screw and realizes fixing a position completely, and the downthehole clamping that realizes of right-hand member through top at the part.

In the use process of the invention, the substrate in the switching clamp is provided with the key groove, the positioning is realized by the matching of the key groove and a high-precision key on the flexible clamping system, then the substrate is fixed on the flexible clamping system through a bolt, then a part to be processed with the zero-point positioning blind rivet is arranged on the flexible clamping system, the zero-point positioning blind rivet and the left end surface of the base shaft are matched with a zero-point positioning system element, and the other 5 degrees of freedom except the degree of freedom rotating along the axis of the base shaft are limited; then the part is compressed tightly by screwing the bolt, the degree of freedom of the part rotating along the axis of the base shaft is limited until the part to be processed is completely positioned, and then the top is propped in a hole at the right end of the part to be processed, so that clamping of one clamp and one top is realized.

The end face of the tail part of the part to be processed is in contact with the right end face of the base shaft to realize axis positioning; the expansion mandrel structure consisting of the slotted bush and the conical pin realizes the positioning and clamping of the hole, the fixing of the relative position of the base shaft and the part to be processed is realized through the framework, the base shaft acts as a process boss at the tail part of the part at the moment, and the left end of the base shaft is provided with a zero-point positioning blind rivet which is used for being matched with a zero-point positioning system element in a flexible clamping system to realize the positioning and clamping.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the part does not need to be provided with an additional process boss, and positioning and clamping are realized by utilizing the characteristics of the part, so that the process route is simplified;

(2) the switching clamp is matched with a flexible clamping system for use, so that complete positioning is realized, and the problems of axial rotation and movement in the traditional clamping mode are solved;

(3) the clamp has good universality, can realize the processing of outer cylinder parts with various sizes by properly modifying the size, can utilize the design elements of the clamp to carry out the application of one to three, and is popularized to the clamping of parts with hole characteristics.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the adaptor fixture;

FIG. 3 is a left side view of the adaptor fixture;

FIG. 4 is a rear view of the adaptor fixture;

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the adaptor fixture assembly;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the base shaft;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the tension ring;

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a transverse cross-sectional view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the connection of the split bushing to the tapered pin;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a part and a base shaft;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a flexible clamping system;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the flexible clamping system and the substrate;

FIG. 14 is a clamping flow diagram of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a schematic view of a connecting structure of the clamping fixture and the part.

Wherein: the method comprises the following steps of 1-flexible clamping system, 2-switching clamp, 3-part, 4-tip, 5-zero point positioning blind rivet, 6-base plate, 7-bolt, 8-locking screw, 9-base shaft, 10-positioning pin, 11-tensioning ring, 12-slotted bush, 13-taper pin, 14-high-precision inner hole, 15-external thread, 16-internal thread hole, 17-high-precision excircle, 18-keyway, 19-kidney-shaped hole, 20-round hole, 22-groove, 23-zero point positioning system component, 24-excircle conical surface, 25-taper hole, 26-key and 27-positioning surface.

Detailed Description

Example 1:

a clamping fixture for outer cylinder parts aims at clamping outer cylinder parts 3 on a rotary machine tool, and comprises a flexible clamping system 1, a switching fixture 2, parts to be processed 3 and a tip 4 as shown in figure 1. As shown in fig. 2, the adapting jig 2 comprises a zero point positioning rivet 5, a base plate 6, a bolt 7, a base shaft 9, a positioning pin 10, a tightening ring 11, a slotted bushing 12 and a taper pin 13.

As shown in fig. 5, the left end of the base shaft 9 is provided with a threaded hole for mounting the zero-point positioning blind rivet 5, the right end is provided with a high-precision inner hole 14, and the excircle of the right end is provided with an external thread 15; the tensioning ring 11 is provided with an internal threaded hole 16, and the internal threaded hole 16 is matched with the external thread 15; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the substrate 6 has a high-precision key groove 18; the taper pin 13 is provided with a high-precision excircle 17, and the high-precision excircle 17 is matched with the high-precision inner hole 14 to realize the coaxiality of the taper pin 13 and the base shaft 9.

As shown in fig. 6, the base shaft 9 is provided with a kidney-shaped hole 19 penetrating through the outer circle; as shown in fig. 7-9, the tightening ring 11 has a circular hole 20 on the outer circle and a groove 22 in the internal threaded hole; the conical pin 13 has a circular hole 20 on its outer circumference. During assembly, the positions of the waist-shaped hole 19 and the round hole 20 need to be coordinated, when the waist-shaped hole 19 and the round hole 20 coincide with each other, the positioning pin 10 is inserted into the round hole 20 on the outer circle of the tensioning ring 11, the position of the positioning pin 10 is properly adjusted to enable the positioning pin 10 to be completely positioned in the groove 22 on the tensioning ring 11, the tensioning ring 11 is slightly rotated to enable the axis of the round hole 20 to be staggered with the positioning pin 10, and at the moment, the positioning pin 10 cannot fall outwards, so that the assembly is. The circular hole 20 can be plugged with a foam plug to prevent the positioning pin 10 from falling out in the subsequent use, and the positioning pin 10 connects the base shaft 9, the tightening ring 11 and the taper pin 13 together.

As shown in fig. 10, the tapered pin 13 has an outer tapered surface 24; the inner hole of the slotted bush 12 is a tapered hole 25, and the excircle of the slotted bush 12 is a cylindrical surface; the right end face of the base shaft 9 is a high-precision face perpendicular to the axis of the base shaft 9, and serves as a positioning face 27 of the component 3. During actual processing, the slotting bush 12 is inserted into a hole at the tail part of the part 3 to be processed, the end face of the tail part of the part 3 to be processed is in contact positioning with the right end face of the base shaft 9, then the tensioning ring 11 is rotated to drive the taper pin 13 to move leftwards, the slotting bush 12 expands, and the hole at the tail part of the part 3 to be processed is tightly pressed. Because the expansion mandrel composed of the slotted bush 12 and the conical pin 13 can ensure extremely high coaxiality when being clamped, and the base shaft 9 and the conical pin 13 are matched by a high-precision hole shaft and also have extremely high coaxiality, the coaxiality and the relative position of the central hole of the part 3 to be processed and the base shaft 9 are ensured to be fixed, and the effect after the assembly is finished is shown in fig. 11.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the center of the flexible clamping system 1 is a zero point positioning system element 23, the front end surface is provided with a high-precision key 26, the key groove 18 on the substrate 6 is matched with the key 26 to realize positioning, then the substrate 6 is fixed on the flexible clamping system 1 through the bolt 7, and the effect after assembly is shown in fig. 13.

As shown in fig. 14 and 15, the part 3 to be processed with the zero point positioning blind rivet 5 is mounted on the flexible clamping system 1, and the zero point positioning blind rivet 5 and the left end surface of the base shaft 9 are matched with the zero point positioning system element 23, so that the other 5 degrees of freedom except the degree of freedom of rotation along the axis of the base shaft 9 are limited; then, the part 3 is pressed tightly by screwing the locking screw 8, the degree of freedom of the part 3 rotating along the axis of the base shaft 9 is limited until the part 3 to be processed is completely positioned, and then the tip 4 is propped in a hole at the right end of the part 3 to be processed, so that clamping of one clamp and one top is realized.

The operation steps of the invention are as follows:

in the first step, the substrate 6 is mounted on the flexible clamping system 1, and the bolts 7 are tightened to fix the substrate 6, as shown in fig. 13.

Secondly, the zero point positioning blind rivet 5, the base shaft 9, the positioning pin 10, the tensioning ring 11, the slotted bush 12 and the taper pin 13 are assembled according to the assembly relationship, as shown in fig. 5.

And thirdly, mounting the assembly mounted in the previous step on the part 3 to be processed, as shown in fig. 11.

And fourthly, assembling the assembly completed in the third step on the assembly completed in the first step, and then pressing the tip 4 against the circular hole 20 at the tail part of the part 3 to be processed, wherein the tip 4 is not pressed, as shown in figure 14.

And fifthly, starting a zero point positioning system element 23 in the flexible clamping system 1 to tension the part 3, and simultaneously adjusting the position of the tip 4 to tightly press the part 3.

And sixthly, screwing the locking screw 8 to compress the part 3 to be processed, so that the part 3 is completely positioned.

The invention utilizes the end surface of the tail part of the part 3 and the round hole 20 for positioning, and realizes the axis positioning by the contact of the end surface of the tail part of the part 3 to be processed and the right end surface of the base shaft 9; the expansion mandrel structure consisting of the slotted bush 12 and the conical pin 13 realizes the positioning and clamping of holes, the fixing of the relative position of the base shaft 9 and the part 3 to be processed is realized through the structure, at the moment, the base shaft 9 acts as a process boss at the tail part of the part 3, and the left end of the base shaft 9 is provided with a zero-point positioning pull nail 5 which is used for being matched with a zero-point positioning system element 23 in the flexible clamping system 1 to realize the positioning and clamping.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The clamping fixture for the outer cylinder part is characterized by comprising a flexible clamping system (1) and a switching fixture (2), wherein the switching fixture (2) comprises a zero-point positioning rivet (5), a base plate (6), a base shaft (9), a positioning pin (10), a tensioning ring (11), a slotted bush (12) and a conical pin (13); the flexible clamping system (1) is connected with the substrate (6), and the left end of the base shaft (9) penetrates through the substrate (6) and is connected with the flexible clamping system (1) through the zero-point positioning blind rivet (5); a tightening ring (11) is sleeved on the outer side of the right end of the base shaft (9) in a threaded manner, a conical pin (13) is slidably sleeved in the right end of the base shaft, and the tightening ring (11), the base shaft (9) and the conical pin (13) are connected through a positioning pin (10); a slotted bushing (12) is sleeved on the outer side of the right end of the conical pin (13), an outer conical surface (24) is arranged on the conical pin (13), and an inner hole of the slotted bushing (12) is correspondingly provided with a conical hole (25); the right end face of the base shaft (9) is a positioning face (27), the positioning face (27) is perpendicular to the axis of the base shaft (9), and the tail end face of the part (3) is in contact positioning with the positioning face (27) of the base shaft (9).

2. The clamping fixture for the outer cylinder part as claimed in claim 1, wherein a high-precision inner hole (14) is formed at the right end of the base shaft (9), and an external thread (15) is formed on the outer side of the right end; the taper pin (13) is provided with a high-precision excircle (17), and the taper pin (13) is coaxially matched with a high-precision inner hole (14) of the base shaft (9) through the high-precision excircle (17); the tightening ring (11) is provided with an internal thread hole (16) corresponding to the external thread (15), and the tightening ring (11) is in threaded connection with the external thread (15) at the right end of the base shaft (9) through the internal thread hole (16).

3. The clamping fixture for the outer cylinder part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base shaft (9) is provided with a through waist-shaped hole (19), and the tensioning ring (11) and the tapered pin (13) are respectively provided with a round hole (20) correspondingly; the positioning pin (10) penetrates through the tensioning ring (11), the base shaft (9) and the conical pin (13) in sequence; and a groove (22) is arranged in the internal thread hole (16) of the tensioning ring (11) corresponding to the positioning pin (10).

4. The clamping fixture for the outer cylinder part as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a key (26) is arranged on the front end face of the flexible clamping system (1), a key slot (18) is correspondingly arranged on the base plate (6), and the flexible clamping system (1) is positioned through the key (26) and the key slot (18) of the base plate (6); the flexible clamping system (1) is fixedly connected with the substrate (6) through bolts (7).

5. The clamping fixture for the outer cylinder part as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a zero point positioning system element (23) is arranged at the center of the flexible clamping system (1), a threaded hole for installing the zero point positioning blind rivet (5) is arranged at the left end of the base shaft (9), and the base shaft (9) is in fit connection with the zero point positioning system element (23) through the zero point positioning blind rivet (5).

6. The clamping fixture for the outer cylinder part as claimed in claim 1, wherein mounting grooves are formed in two ends of the base plate (6) corresponding to the parts (3), and locking screws (8) are arranged on the mounting grooves; the both ends cooperation of part (3) is installed in the mounting groove, and compresses tightly part (3) through locking screw (8) and realizes fixing a position completely, pushes up the downthehole clamping that realizes of right-hand member in part (3) through top (4).