CN111360493A - Manufacturing method of low-pressure cylinder exhaust guide ring - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of low-pressure cylinder exhaust guide ring Download PDFInfo
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- CN111360493A CN111360493A CN202010258835.2A CN202010258835A CN111360493A CN 111360493 A CN111360493 A CN 111360493A CN 202010258835 A CN202010258835 A CN 202010258835A CN 111360493 A CN111360493 A CN 111360493A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a low-pressure cylinder exhaust guide ring, which relates to the technical field of low-pressure cylinders and comprises the following process steps: s1: the method comprises the following steps of (1) welding surface pretreatment, namely pretreating the welding surface of each part of the guide ring by using pretreatment liquid; s2: performing cold working; s3: welding, namely welding the parts of the guide ring processed in the step S2; s4: polishing, namely polishing the welding seam on the welded guide ring and the burrs on the sharp edges to be in smooth transition; s5: inspecting, performing ultrasonic flaw detection on the welding seam, and performing subsequent treatment on the qualified flow guide ring; performing repair welding on the unqualified guide ring, and performing subsequent treatment after the repair welding; s6: performing heat treatment, namely heating the whole guide ring after the inspection to remove stress; s7: and (4) post-treatment, namely coating a layer of composite protective coating on the surface of the guide ring after cooling the guide ring after heat treatment. The preparation method has the advantage of improving the corrosion resistance of the flow guide ring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-pressure cylinders, in particular to a manufacturing method of an exhaust guide ring of a low-pressure cylinder.
Background
The low pressure cylinder is an important part in the steam turbine and is matched with the high pressure cylinder in the steam turbine for use, so that the steam turbine can carry out energy recovery and utilization to the maximum extent according to the change of steam parameters.
The existing low-pressure cylinder usually contains a guide ring, and the guide ring is mainly used for guiding steam entering the low-pressure cylinder and guiding the steam to two sides so as to reduce the axial thrust of a rotor. The manufacturing process of the flow guide ring is complex, and the flow guide ring is formed by assembling and welding a plurality of parts.
The above prior art solutions have the following drawbacks: because the restriction of welding technique, and can contain impurity and dust in the welded welding seam, and these impurity and dust all have the hygroscopicity mostly, can form the center of crystallization on the welding seam surface for the water after the water vapor condensation in the air falls on the welding seam in the in-process of storage transportation of water conservancy diversion ring, and makes the spot corrosion appear very easily in the welding department of water conservancy diversion ring, thereby influences the production quality of water conservancy diversion ring.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing a low-pressure cylinder exhaust guide ring, which strengthens the corrosion resistance of the guide ring by preprocessing the parts of the guide ring and post-processing the welded guide ring.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a manufacturing method of a low-pressure cylinder exhaust guide ring comprises the following process steps:
s1: performing cold working, namely splicing and spot welding the guide ring parts according to the size of a drawing;
s2: the method comprises the following steps of (1) welding surface pretreatment, namely pretreating the welding surface of each part of the guide ring by using pretreatment liquid;
s3: welding, namely welding the parts of the guide ring processed in the step S1;
s4: polishing, namely polishing the welding seams and sharp edge burrs on the welded guide ring to be in smooth transition;
s5: inspecting, performing ultrasonic flaw detection on the welding seam, and performing subsequent treatment on the qualified flow guide ring; performing repair welding on the unqualified guide ring, and performing subsequent treatment after the repair welding;
s6: performing heat treatment, namely heating the whole guide ring after the inspection to remove stress;
s7: and (4) post-treatment, namely coating a layer of composite coating on the surface of the guide ring after cooling the guide ring after heat treatment.
By adopting the technical scheme, the welding surfaces of all parts of the guide ring are pretreated in the welding process of the guide ring, and the pretreated parts are welded so as to improve the anti-corrosion component in the metal in the welding seam formed by the welding surfaces after welding and improve the anti-corrosion capability of the metal at the welding seam. And then coating a layer of high-temperature-resistant composite coating on the surface of the heat-treated guide ring to protect the guide ring, so as to improve the protection of the guide ring, isolate the contact between the surface of the guide ring and air, and reduce the condensation of water and the falling of the water onto a welding line, thereby preventing the guide ring from being rusted in the storage and transportation processes, and improving the production quality of the guide ring.
The invention is further configured to: the pretreatment solution is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the silicon simple substance in the preliminary treatment liquid melts along with the welding master batch together in welding process, and the silicon simple substance after the melting is mixed into the metal molten iron after the melting for the molten iron makes the mobility of molten iron strengthen owing to there is the silicon element in addition, thereby makes in welding process, and the molten iron spreads on the face of weld more evenly, and the welding seam depth of formation is darker, thereby makes the structural strength of the welding department of water conservancy diversion ring higher. The silicic acid is used as a main function in the pretreatment process to adhere various substances in the pretreatment agent to the surface of a welding surface, and in the heating and welding process of the silicic acid, the silicic acid can be decomposed, and silicon dioxide obtained after the silicic acid is decomposed is mixed into molten iron, so that the mechanical strength of the molten iron at the welding position after solidification is greatly improved.
When the activator is added into the molten pool metal, the activator can reduce the surface tension value of the molten pool liquid metal and change the surface tension value into a positive temperature coefficient, so that the molten pool metal forms a surface tension flow from the periphery of the molten pool to the central area of the molten pool, the heat in the central area of the molten pool is directly transferred to the bottom of the molten pool through liquid flow, the heating efficiency of the bottom of the molten pool is improved, a narrow and deep molten pool is formed, and a welding line obtained by primary welding is more uniform, has fewer defects and has higher structural strength.
The invention is further configured to: the active agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
by adopting the technical scheme, the sodium fluoride, the calcium fluoride, the chromium oxide and the titanium dioxide have the effect of increasing the weld penetration depth, the effect of the fluoride is better than that of the oxide, and the effect of the sodium fluoride on the deepening of the weld is most obvious. When a plurality of fluorides and oxides are adopted for matching, the welding effect is better than that when the active agent with single component is added for welding. The titanium element can be combined with the carbon element and the nitrogen element to form tiny titanium carbide and titanium nitride compounds, and the tiny compounds are in dispersion distribution, so that the growth of a grain structure is reduced, the grain structure of a welding line is tiny, the mechanical property of the welding line is improved, and the strength of the welding line is increased.
The invention is further configured to: the composite protective coating comprises a base layer, a middle layer and a surface layer, wherein the base layer is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight:
by adopting the technical scheme, the polyvinyl acetal resin has strong bonding capability to metal, good water resistance and high bonding strength. And the rest ethanol, the zinc powder, the polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether and the thickening agent are mixed and coated on the surface of the guide ring, so that the zinc powder forms a zinc powder base layer on the surface of the guide ring, and the zinc powder has higher activity on hydrogen ions than iron and has a protection effect on the iron guide ring. The ethanol enhances the mixing and dissolving of organic matters, and the polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether has certain emulsification effect on the polyvinyl acetal as an emulsifier, so that the polyvinyl acetal is dispersed more uniformly in the base layer, and the bonding quality of the base layer on the metal surface is improved. The thickening agent increases the viscosity of the solution when the coating is prepared, so that the coating is more easily coated on the metal surface.
The invention is further configured to: the thickening agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
30-50% of polyvinylpyrrolidone;
30-50% of polyoxyethylene;
10-20% of carboxymethyl cellulose.
The invention is further configured to: the intermediate layer is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight:
by adopting the technical scheme, the silicate is a main film forming substance of the middle layer, the nitrate radical intercalated hydrotalcite firstly adsorbs aspartic acid and cerium nitrate through electrostatic action, so that the aspartic acid and the cerium nitrate are adsorbed by the nitrate radical intercalated hydrotalcite, then the nitrate radical intercalated hydrotalcite and the silicate are uniformly mixed in acetone and coated on the base layer, and in the drying process, the acetone is volatilized, so that the silicate and the nitrate radical intercalated hydrotalcite adsorbed with the aspartic acid and the cerium nitrate together form the middle layer. When the nitrate radical intercalated hydrotalcite adsorbed with the aspartic acid and the cerium nitrate has corrosion action, cerium ions can be released, and the cerium ions have a good inhibition effect on an anode region with serious corrosion, so that the corrosion resistance of the coating is improved.
And the cerium ions released in the middle layer and the polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether have a corrosion inhibition synergistic effect on the zinc powder, the cerium ions have rich empty tracks, and the oxygen atoms in the ether oxygen group in the polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether have 2 pairs of lone pair electrons without bonding, so that the polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether can easily form a complex with the cerium ions, and the complex has larger molecules and larger van der Waals attractive force, so that the complex is adsorbed on the surface of the zinc powder, and the zinc powder has a certain protection effect.
The invention is further configured to: the surface layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
by adopting the technical scheme, the silicon dioxide sol is mixed with the ceramic powder, the graphite and the polydimethylsiloxane under the action of the developing agent, and then the mixture is coated on the surface of the middle layer to form the surface layer. The surface layer has better hydrophobic property, thereby leading the guide ring to be difficult to accumulate more moisture, reducing the permeation of the moisture and leading the surface of the guide ring to be corroded. The graphite and ceramic powder improve the mechanical property of the surface layer and simultaneously improve the high-temperature resistance of the surface layer, so that the surface layer has better high-temperature resistance.
The invention is further configured to: the leveling agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
30-60% of isophorone;
20-40% of diacetone alcohol;
10-30% of fluorocarbon resin.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the welding surfaces of all parts of the guide ring are pretreated before the guide ring is welded, so that the guide ring is not easy to corrode at a welded joint after welding, and the corrosion resistance is improved;
2. the post-treatment is carried out on the guide ring, so that a layer of composite protective coating is coated on the guide ring, the surface of the guide ring is protected, and the corrosion resistance of the guide ring is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention discloses a method for manufacturing a low-pressure cylinder exhaust guide ring, which comprises the following process steps:
s1: the method comprises the following steps of (1) welding surface pretreatment, namely pretreating the welding surface of each part of the guide ring by using pretreatment liquid;
the pretreatment solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of an active agent, 10 parts of a silicon simple substance, 5 parts of silicic acid and 20 parts of Cr powder.
The active agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15% of sodium fluoride, 30% of calcium fluoride, 5% of chromium oxide and 50% of titanium dioxide.
S2: cold working, splicing the parts of the guide ring and performing spot welding to obtain a sample guide ring;
s3: welding, namely welding the parts of the guide ring processed in the step S2;
s4: polishing, namely polishing the welding seam on the welded guide ring and the burrs on the sharp edges to be in smooth transition;
s5: inspecting, performing ultrasonic flaw detection on the welding seam, and performing subsequent treatment on the qualified flow guide ring; performing repair welding on the unqualified guide ring, and performing subsequent treatment after the repair welding;
s6: performing heat treatment, namely heating the whole guide ring after the inspection to remove stress;
s7: and (4) post-treatment, namely coating a layer of composite protective coating on the surface of the guide ring after cooling the guide ring after heat treatment. The composite protective coating comprises a base layer, a middle layer and a surface layer.
The base layer is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 5% of polyvinyl acetal, 5% of polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether, 17% of ethanol, 70% of zinc powder and 3% of thickening agent.
The thickening agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-50% of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 30-50% of polyoxyethylene and 10-20% of carboxymethyl cellulose.
The middle layer is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 20% of acetone, 20% of nitrate radical intercalated hydrotalcite, 20% of cerium nitrate, 10% of aspartic acid and 30% of silicate. The silicate is sodium silicate.
The surface layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20% of ceramic powder, 30% of polydimethylsiloxane, 9.5% of graphite, 40% of silica sol and 0.5% of flatting agent.
The leveling agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60% of isophorone, 20% of diacetone alcohol and 20% of fluorocarbon resin.
The difference between the examples 2-9 and the example 1 is that the components in the pretreatment solution are listed in the following table in parts by weight.
The difference between the examples 10-17 and the example 1 is that the active agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight.
Examples 18 to 23 differ from example 1 in that the components in the base layer are in the following table in weight percent.
Examples 24 to 31 differ from example 1 in that the components of the thickener are in the following table in weight percent.
Examples 32 to 44 differ from example 1 in that the components in the intermediate layer are in the following table in weight percent.
Examples 45-51 differ from example 1 in that the components in the facing layer are in the following table in weight percent.
Examples 52-58 differ from example 1 in that the components of the leveling agent are in the following table in weight percent.
Isophorone | Diacetone alcohol | Fluorocarbon resin | |
Example 52 | 57.5 | 25 | 17.5 |
Example 53 | 55 | 30 | 15 |
Example 54 | 52.5 | 35 | 12.5 |
Example 55 | 50 | 40 | 10 |
Example 56 | 45 | 40 | 15 |
Example 57 | 37.5 | 40 | 22.5 |
Example 58 | 30 | 40 | 30 |
Comparative example
The difference between the comparative example 1 and the example 1 is that the welding surface of the parts of the guide ring is not pretreated before welding;
the difference between the comparative example 2 and the example 1 is that the guide ring is not post-treated;
comparative example 3 differs from example 1 in that the guide ring is not pretreated prior to welding and the guide ring is not post-treated.
Detection method
Salt spray test
Preparation of the test: preparing sodium chloride brine to a mass concentration of 5%; the guide rings in the embodiment 1, the comparative example 2 and the comparative example 3 adopt guide ring models after geometric shrinkage. The guide ring model can be placed in a salt spray box.
And (3) testing: the diversion ring models obtained in the example 1, the comparative example 2 and the comparative example 3 are put into a salt spray box, the temperature is controlled to be 45 ℃, and the spray pressure is controlled to be 1 +/-0.1 kg/cm2. Tests were performed for 16, 24, 48, 72, 96 hours and corrosion status was recorded.
And (4) conclusion: according to the salt spray detection results, the guide ring model in the embodiment 1 basically has no change under long-term salt spray, while the guide ring models in the comparative examples 1 to 3 are corroded to different degrees, which shows that the corrosion resistance of the guide ring is remarkably improved by performing pretreatment on the welding surface of the part and performing aftertreatment on the welded guide ring in the application. It can be further known from the comparison between comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 that the rust-proof capability of the composite protective coating to the deflector ring is improved more obviously, and the pretreatment of the welding surface is second. And the two are jointly treated to have the best effect on improving the corrosion resistance.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The manufacturing method of the low-pressure cylinder exhaust guide ring is characterized by comprising the following process steps of:
s1: the method comprises the following steps of (1) welding surface pretreatment, namely pretreating the welding surface of each part of the guide ring by using pretreatment liquid;
s2: cold working, splicing the parts of the guide ring and performing spot welding to obtain a sample guide ring;
s3: welding, namely welding the parts of the guide ring processed in the step S2;
s4: polishing, namely polishing the welding seam on the welded guide ring and the burrs on the sharp edges to be in smooth transition;
s5: inspecting, performing ultrasonic flaw detection on the welding seam, and performing subsequent treatment on the qualified flow guide ring; performing repair welding on the unqualified guide ring, and performing subsequent treatment after the repair welding;
s6: performing heat treatment, namely heating the whole guide ring after the inspection to remove stress;
s7: and (4) post-treatment, namely coating a layer of composite protective coating on the surface of the guide ring after cooling the guide ring after heat treatment.
4. the manufacturing method of the low-pressure cylinder exhaust guide ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: the composite protective coating comprises a base layer, a middle layer and a surface layer, wherein the base layer is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight:
5. the manufacturing method of the low-pressure cylinder exhaust guide ring according to claim 4, characterized in that: the thickening agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
30-50% of polyvinylpyrrolidone;
30-50% of polyoxyethylene;
10-20% of carboxymethyl cellulose.
8. the manufacturing method of the low-pressure cylinder exhaust guide ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: the leveling agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
30-60% of isophorone;
20-40% of diacetone alcohol;
10-30% of fluorocarbon resin.
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