CN111360433A

CN111360433A - Welded part and manufacturing method thereof, vehicle chassis and manufacturing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111360433A
Application number: CN201811604758.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙鹤立; 韩思远; 李刚
Original assignee: CRRC Datong Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Datong Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-26
Filing date: 2018-12-26
Publication date: 2020-07-03

Abstract

The disclosure provides a manufacturing method of a welding part, the welding part, a manufacturing method of a vehicle chassis and the vehicle chassis, and belongs to the technical field of rail transit equipment. The weldment comprises a plurality of parts, and the manufacturing method of the weldment comprises the following steps: determining the target size of each part according to the reference size of each part, the assembly relation of each part and the welding shrinkage; processing each part correspondingly according to each target size; the various pieces are joined by a welding process to form a weldment. The manufacturing method can improve the precision and reliability of the welding parts.

Description

Welded part and manufacturing method thereof, vehicle chassis and manufacturing method thereof

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of rail transit equipment, in particular to a welding part and a manufacturing method thereof, and a vehicle underframe and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

In recent years, with the rapid development of the railway transportation industry, rail transit equipment is also rapidly developed. Meanwhile, higher requirements are provided for the precision and the reliability of the vehicle underframe in the rail transit equipment. The vehicle underframe is formed by splicing a plurality of underframe parts, and at least one underframe part is a welded part. In the prior art, parts are manufactured in a one-to-one correspondence manner according to the sizes of the parts of a welding part, the parts are welded to form the welding part, and then the chassis parts are spliced to form the vehicle chassis. The precision and reliability of the welding parts and the vehicle underframe manufactured by the existing method are not high.

The above information disclosed in the background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not constitute prior art that is known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a method for manufacturing a welded part, a method for manufacturing a vehicle underframe, and a vehicle underframe, which can improve the accuracy and reliability of the welded part and the vehicle underframe.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the disclosure is as follows:

according to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of manufacturing a weldment including a plurality of pieces, the method of manufacturing the weldment including:

determining the target size of each part according to the reference size of each part, the assembly relation of each part and the welding shrinkage;

correspondingly processing each part according to each target size;

joining the pieces by a welding process to form the weldment.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the welding shrinkage satisfies a preset formula:

wherein: Δ L is the welding shrinkage; l is the length of the welding seam; f_hIs the cross-sectional area of the weld; f is the cross-sectional area of any of the parts.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, determining a target size of each of the parts according to a size of each of the parts, an assembly relationship of each of the parts, and a welding shrinkage includes:

determining the welding shrinkage of any one of the parts;

and determining the target size of each part according to the size of each part, the assembly relation of each part and the welding shrinkage of any part.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, machining each of the parts correspondingly according to each of the target dimensions includes:

determining the machining process of each part according to the process reference of each welding part and each target size;

and correspondingly machining each part according to each machining process.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the method of manufacturing the weldment further comprises:

and detecting the dimensional accuracy of the weldment and the welding quality of the welding positions of the parts.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a welded part manufactured by the method of manufacturing a welded part according to any one of the above aspects.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of manufacturing a vehicle underframe including a plurality of underframe members, at least one of which is a welded member manufactured by the method of manufacturing a welded member described above, the method including:

fixing the chassis components at a plurality of preset positions of a preset tool in a one-to-one correspondence manner to obtain a reference vehicle chassis;

the chassis components are joined by a joining process to form the vehicle chassis.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of underframe members are the weldments, and the plurality of weldments include:

a first edge beam;

the second edge beam is arranged side by side with the first edge beam at intervals;

and the cross beams are distributed between the first boundary beam and the second boundary beam at intervals and are all connected with the first boundary beam and the second boundary beam in a welding manner.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the method of manufacturing the vehicle undercarriage further includes:

after the vehicle underframe is formed, the first and second side beams are corrected so that the first and second side beams satisfy dimensional accuracy.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a vehicle underframe characterized by being manufactured by the method for manufacturing a vehicle underframe as described in any one of the above.

According to the manufacturing method of the welding part and the welding part, in the manufacturing process, the assembling relation of each part is combined, the welding shrinkage is added on the basis of the reference size of each part, and the target size of each part is determined and is machined and formed; the welding shrinkage in the welding process can be counteracted by welding each part to form a welding part. The manufacturing method of the welding part can improve the dimensional accuracy of the welding part.

According to the manufacturing method of the vehicle underframe and the vehicle underframe, at least one underframe part is a welded part manufactured by adopting the manufacturing method of the welded part, and all underframe parts are spliced into the vehicle underframe. The manufacturing method of the welding part can improve the dimensional accuracy of the welding part, and correspondingly, the manufacturing method of the vehicle chassis can improve the accuracy and reliability of the vehicle chassis.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty.

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method of manufacturing a weldment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method of manufacturing a vehicle undercarriage according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle underframe according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first side rail according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a weld groove of an adjacent structural beam in a first edge beam according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

In the figure: 1. a first edge beam; 10. a structural beam; 2. a second edge beam; 3. a cross member.

Detailed Description

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.

Although relative terms, such as "upper" and "lower," may be used in this specification to describe one element of an icon relative to another, these terms are used in this specification for convenience only, e.g., in accordance with the orientation of the examples described in the figures. It will be appreciated that if the device of the icon were turned upside down, the element described as "upper" would become the element "lower". When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed with the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure via another structure.

The terms "a," "an," "the," "said" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements/components/etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. other than the listed elements/components/etc.; the terms "first" and "second" are used merely as labels, and are not limiting on the number of their objects.

The present disclosure provides a method of manufacturing a weldment comprising a plurality of parts. As shown in fig. 1, the method of manufacturing the weldment may include:

s110, determining the target size of each part according to the reference size of each part, the assembly relation of each part and the welding shrinkage;

s120, processing each part correspondingly according to each target size;

and S130, connecting the parts through a welding process to form a welding part.

According to the manufacturing method of the welding part, in the manufacturing process, the assembling relation of each part is combined, the welding shrinkage is added on the basis of the reference size of each part, the target size of each part is determined, and the welding part is machined and formed; the welding shrinkage in the welding process can be counteracted by welding each part to form a welding part. The manufacturing method of the welding part can improve the dimensional accuracy of the welding part.

A method for manufacturing a welded part according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

in step S110, a target dimension of each part is determined based on the reference dimension of each part, the fitting relationship of each part, and the welding shrinkage.

According to the detailed list and the two-dimensional drawing of the welding part, the names of all parts in the welding part, the number of various parts and the assembly relation among the parts can be determined; determining the reference dimension of each part according to the two-dimensional drawing of each part; the welding shrinkage can be calculated according to a preset formula:

wherein: Δ L is the welding shrinkage; l is the length of the welding seam; fh is the cross-sectional area of the weld; f is the cross-sectional area of any part.

Before welding the welded part, it is necessary to determine the welding method, such as electric welding, submerged arc welding or argon arc welding, according to the assembly relationship of each part and the strength of the welded part after welding. Of course, the welding process parameters also need to be established. For example, the welding process parameters include electrode type, current, polarity, etc. Therefore, the welding shrinkage of each part is calculated by combining the length L of the welding seam of each part and the cross-sectional area Fh of the welding seam. And (4) adding the welding shrinkage on the basis of the reference size of each part, so as to determine the target size of each part.

In step S120, each part is machined in accordance with each target dimension.

After the target size of each part is determined, each part can be correspondingly machined on the machining equipment.

In the disclosed embodiment, the step S120 may include the steps of:

s140, determining the machining process of each part according to the process reference and each target size of each welding part;

and S150, correspondingly processing each part according to each processing technology.

The process references for each weldment may include process references, positioning references, measurement references, and assembly references. And determining the machining process of each part according to the process reference and each target size of each welding part, wherein the machining process can comprise machining equipment, machining procedures, positioning references, measuring references, machining methods and the like. And finally, processing each part in a one-to-one correspondence manner by combining the processing technology of each part.

For example, the machining method may include turning, milling, planing, grinding, drilling, boring, etc., which are not listed herein. It should be noted that the machining method adopted by each part may be one, and of course, a combination of multiple machining methods may also be adopted, and is not particularly limited herein.

In step S130, the respective parts are joined by a welding process to form a welded part.

The welding mode and the welding process parameters of the welding process are described in detail in the foregoing, and are not described in detail herein.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, after the parts are connected to form the welded part through the welding process, the method for manufacturing the welded part may further include:

and S160, detecting the size precision of the welding piece and the welding quality of the welding positions of the parts.

After the welding process is finished, the items such as the dimensional accuracy, the flatness and the welding quality of the welding part can be detected, and the items are not listed. The welding quality of the welding seam is detected, and the defects of cracks, bubbles and the like in the welding seam are prevented. The welding quality of the welding seam can be detected by the naked eye or a detection instrument. For example, the detection instrument may be an ultrasonic flaw detector or an X-ray detector, which will not be described in detail herein.

The disclosed example embodiment also provides a welding part which is manufactured by adopting the manufacturing method of any one welding part.

The welding parts can be components of mechanical equipment such as hoisting machinery, vehicles, supporting platforms and the like, and are not listed here. For example, the weldment may be a side rail of a vehicle undercarriage. The welding part may be a welding beam extending along a straight line or a curved line, or may be a frame structure formed by welding a plurality of beams, which is not listed here.

Example embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a method of manufacturing a vehicle undercarriage for manufacturing the vehicle undercarriage. For example, the vehicle underframe may be a frame structure of an electric locomotive underframe or a truck underframe, which is not listed here.

The vehicle underframe may comprise a plurality of underframe parts which are spliced to form the vehicle underframe, and at least one of the underframe parts is a welded part manufactured by the method for manufacturing the welded part.

As shown in fig. 2, the method of manufacturing the vehicle undercarriage may include:

s210, fixing the chassis components at a plurality of preset positions of a preset tool in a one-to-one correspondence manner to obtain a reference vehicle chassis;

and S220, connecting the chassis parts through a connecting process to form the vehicle chassis.

The following describes in detail a method for manufacturing a vehicle underframe according to an embodiment of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings:

in step S210, the chassis components are fixed to a plurality of preset positions of a preset fixture in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so as to obtain a reference vehicle chassis.

The preset tool is used for positioning and clamping each chassis component, so that each chassis component keeps a correct relative position, and subsequent connection is facilitated. It should be understood that the structure of the pre-defined tooling matches the overall structure of the vehicle undercarriage and will not be described in detail herein.

In step S220, the chassis components are connected through a connection process to form a vehicle chassis.

When the chassis components are connected, the connection process such as welding, bolting, riveting or the like can be adopted, and the detailed description is omitted.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, step S220 may further include the following steps:

s230, detecting the overall size and the overall flatness of the chassis of the reference vehicle;

s240, adjusting the position of at least one welding part or component according to the overall size and the overall flatness so as to enable the overall size and the overall flatness to meet preset conditions;

and S250, connecting the chassis parts through a connecting process to form the vehicle chassis.

The overall dimensions may include the length dimension, width dimension, etc. of the vehicle undercarriage, while overall planarity refers to the degree of flushness of adjacent undercarriage components. The overall dimensions and the overall flatness can be measured with the aid of a detection device. For example, the detector element may be a measuring ruler or a laser tracker, etc., which will not be described in detail herein. If the measurement result does not meet the requirement, the position of at least one chassis component can be adjusted, so that the relative position of each part is changed, and the overall size and the overall flatness meet the preset conditions.

The plurality of underframe members of the vehicle underframe according to the embodiments of the present disclosure are welded parts manufactured by the method for manufacturing welded parts described above. As shown in fig. 3, the plurality of weldments may include a first edge beam 1, a second edge beam 2 and a plurality of cross beams 3, and the first edge beam 1, the second edge beam 2 and the plurality of cross beams 3 are spliced to form a vehicle underframe. Wherein:

the extending track of the first side member 1 may be a straight line or a curved line, and is not particularly limited herein. The first side member 1 may include a plurality of sections of the structural member 10 distributed along the extending path of the first side member 1 and welded in sequence, and the shape of the structural member 10 is not particularly limited herein.

For example, the number of the structural beams 10 may be three, and as shown in fig. 4, three structural beams 10 extend in a straight line and are welded to form the first side frame 1. The welding bevels of adjacent structural beams 10 in the first edge beam 1 may be V-shaped as shown in fig. 5. Of course, the welding groove may be X-shaped or U-shaped, and the like, and is not particularly limited herein. In order to make the dimensional accuracy of the first edge beam 1 meet the requirement, the structural beam 10 at the middle position of the first edge beam 1 can maintain the reference dimension, and the structural dimensions and the weld dimensions of the structural beams 10 at the two end positions of the first edge beam 1 are combined to calculate the welding shrinkage of the structural beams 10 at the two end positions, and then the reference dimensions of the structural beams 10 at the two end positions are added to finally obtain the target dimensions of the structural beams 10 at the two end positions. Of course, the reference dimension of the structural beam 10 at the middle position of the first edge beam 1 may be added with a corresponding welding shrinkage, as long as the final dimension of the first edge beam 1 can meet the requirement, and no special requirement is made here.

It should be noted that the first side member 1 may be of a unitary construction, and in this case, the welding shrinkage problem need not be considered.

The second side member 2 is spaced apart from the first side member 1 in parallel, and the spacing position is not particularly limited. Details of the second side member 2 can be referred to the description of the first side member 1, and the description will not be repeated here.

Crossbeam 3 interval distribution is between first boundary beam 1 and second boundary beam 2, and the one end and the 1 welded connection of first boundary beam of crossbeam 3, the other end and the 2 welded connection of second boundary beam. The number of the cross beams 3 is at least two, and the two cross beams 3 can be arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the first side beam 1 and the second side beam 2 to form a frame type vehicle underframe. Of course, the two cross beams 3 may be crossed, and are not limited herein.

The cross beam 3 may be formed by welding a plurality of parts, the welding shrinkage needs to be considered in the manufacturing process of each part of the cross beam 3, the target size of each part of the cross beam 3 can be obtained by adding the corresponding welding shrinkage to the reference size of each part of the cross beam 3, and the specific calculation process is not described in detail herein. Of course, the cross beam 3 may be an integrated structure, and is not particularly limited herein.

The method for manufacturing the vehicle underframe provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can further comprise the following steps:

after the vehicle underframe is formed, the first side member 1 and the second side member 2 are corrected so that the first side member 1 and the second side member 2 conform to the dimensional accuracy.

As described above, when determining the target dimensions of the first and second side sills 1 and 2, it is necessary to take into account the welding shrinkage and add the welding shrinkage to the reference dimensions of the first and second side sills 1 and 2 to obtain the target dimensions of the first and second side sills 1 and 2. It should be noted that the weld shrinkage can be appropriately increased to compensate for assembly errors during the joining of the respective weldments. If the lengths of the first and second side beams 1 and 2 remain after compensating the assembly tolerance in the assembly process of the vehicle underframe, the first and second side beams 1 and 2 can be corrected so that the dimensional accuracy of the vehicle underframe meets the requirement. For example, the first and second side members 1 and 2 may be ground off in excess to modify the first and second side members 1 and 2. Of course, if the weld shrinkage is just to compensate for assembly tolerances, the steps can be omitted.

The disclosed example embodiment also provides a vehicle chassis manufactured by the manufacturing method of any one of the vehicle chassis.

For example, the vehicle underframe may be a frame structure of an electric locomotive underframe or a truck underframe, which is not listed here.

Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

Claims

1. A method of manufacturing a weldment for a vehicle underframe, the weldment including a plurality of pieces, the method comprising:

correspondingly processing each part according to each target size;

joining the pieces by a welding process to form the weldment.

2. The method of manufacturing a weldment according to claim 1, wherein the weld shrinkage satisfies a predetermined formula:

3. A method of producing a weldment as claimed in claim 1, wherein determining target dimensions for each of the parts based on the dimensions of each of the parts, the fit-up relationship of each of the parts, and the weld shrinkage comprises:

determining the welding shrinkage of any one of the parts;

4. A method of producing a weldment as claimed in claim 1, wherein machining each of the parts in correspondence with each of the target dimensions includes:

and correspondingly machining each part according to each machining process.

5. The method of manufacturing a weldment according to claim 1, further comprising:

6. A welded article characterized by being produced by the method for producing a welded article according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A method of manufacturing a vehicle undercarriage comprising a plurality of undercarriage components, at least one of the undercarriage components being the weldment of claim 6, wherein the method of manufacturing the vehicle undercarriage comprises:

the chassis members are joined by a joining process to form the vehicle chassis.

8. The method of manufacturing a vehicle underframe according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of underframe members are the weldments, and wherein a plurality of the weldments include:

a first edge beam;

9. The method of manufacturing a vehicle chassis according to claim 8, further comprising:

10. A vehicle underframe characterized by being manufactured by the method for manufacturing a vehicle underframe according to any one of claims 7 to 9.