CN111359134A - Dry powder extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Dry powder extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111359134A CN111359134A CN202010174667.9A CN202010174667A CN111359134A CN 111359134 A CN111359134 A CN 111359134A CN 202010174667 A CN202010174667 A CN 202010174667A CN 111359134 A CN111359134 A CN 111359134A
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- dry powder
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- extinguishing agent
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0007—Solid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/0014—Powders; Granules
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
A dry powder extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, wherein the dry powder extinguishing agent comprises 59.6-61% of sodium bicarbonate, 6.1-8% of ammonium phosphate, 4.5-6% of hydrophobic white carbon black, 1.4-3% of mica, 4.4-6% of graphite, 1.3-3% of perlite, 1.6-3% of zeolite, 1.6-3% of calcium hydroxide, 0.4-2% of silicon carbide, 5.6-7% of silicone oil and 13.2-15% of fluorocarbon surface active agent; s1, preprocessing: s2, kneading and blending: s3, wrapping: s4, drying; according to the invention, the silicon oil and the fluorocarbon activating agent are heated into gas, so that the diameter of the activating agent can be reduced, the chamber is filled with the activating agent, each particle is convenient to adhere, and the opposite flushing can be realized by spraying from bottom to top; the premixed dry powder particles are sprayed from top to bottom, so that the premixed dry powder particles fall under the action of gravity, continue to fall and are discharged after being adhered to the premixed dry powder particles, and each particle can be fully contacted with the gaseous coating particle, and the coating uniformity is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of dry powder extinguishing agents, and particularly relates to a dry powder extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The dry powder fire extinguishing agent is fine particles prepared by mixing and grinding fire extinguishing base materials (such as baking soda, ammonium carbonate, ammonium salt of phosphoric acid and the like), a proper amount of lubricant (magnesium stearate, mica powder, talcum powder and the like) and a small amount of moisture-proof agent (silica gel), and carbon dioxide is used as jet power;
the prior dry powder extinguishing agent adopts fluorocarbon surfactant to carry out microencapsulation treatment on the surface of dry powder particles, and a microcapsule membrane with both hydrophobicity and oleophobicity can be formed on the surface of the dry powder particles. The dry powder is not soaked by oil products after falling to the oil surface, can float on the oil surface to form a particle thin layer which inhibits the volatilization of the oil products and isolates the oil products from air, thereby realizing the purpose of afterburning resistance;
however, the existing fluorocarbon surfactant has poor wrapping effect on particles and insufficient uniformity, so that the hydrophobic and oleophobic effects are still not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a dry powder extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
a dry powder extinguishing agent comprises the following components in parts by mass: 59.6-61% of sodium bicarbonate, 6.1-8% of ammonium phosphate, 4.5-6% of hydrophobic white carbon black, 1.4-3% of mica, 4.4-6% of graphite, 1.3-3% of perlite, 1.6-3% of zeolite, 1.6-3% of calcium hydroxide, 0.4-2% of silicon carbide, 5.6-7% of silicone oil and 13.2-15% of fluorocarbon surface active agent.
A preparation method of a dry powder extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
s1, preprocessing:
putting the raw materials into crushing equipment until all the raw materials are ground into powder with required diameter;
the raw materials are sequentially sodium bicarbonate, ammonium phosphate, hydrophobic white carbon black, mica, graphite, perlite, zeolite, calcium hydroxide and silicon carbide; before preparation, all solid raw materials are required to be ground into powder in advance, and a ball mill is used as grinding equipment;
s2, kneading and blending:
putting each powdery material in the S1 into a stirring tank according to a specified proportion; stirring the solid powder material by using a stirring tank to enable the organic silicide to perform sufficient crosslinking reaction until the material is completely cured to form premixed dry powder particles;
s3, wrapping:
heating silicone oil and a fluorocarbon surfactant into gaseous coated particles, and then pressurizing the gaseous coated particles to spray the gaseous coated particles into a treatment box from bottom to top; the diameter of the activating agent can be reduced by heating the silicone oil and the fluorocarbon activating agent into gas, so that the activating agent is filled in the cavity, each particle is convenient to adhere, and the opposite flushing can be realized by spraying from bottom to top;
spraying the premixed dry powder particles into a treatment box from top to bottom; the premixed dry powder particles are sprayed from top to bottom, so that the premixed dry powder particles fall under the action of gravity, and continue to fall and be discharged after being adhered to the premixed dry powder particles, so that each particle can be fully contacted with the gaseous coating particles, and the coating uniformity is improved;
the premixed dry powder particles are in hedging adhesion with the gaseous coating particles,
coating the gaseous coating particles on the outer surface of the premixed dry powder particles to prepare dry powder particles;
s4, drying: and heating to remove excessive water in the dry powder particles.
Further, the mass ratio of the sodium bicarbonate, the ammonium phosphate, the hydrophobic white carbon black, the mica, the graphite, the perlite, the zeolite, the calcium hydroxide, the silicon carbide, the silicone oil and the fluorocarbon surfactant is as follows: 60: 7: 5: 2: 5: 2: 2: 2: 2: 2: 1: 6: 14.
further, the drying specifically comprises: and (3) pressurizing and spraying the dry powder particles into a heating pipe, evaporating redundant moisture in the dry powder particles, and filtering foreign matters and oversize particles in the dry powder particles by using a screen in the heating pipe.
Further, the kneading and mixing are carried out at 88-115 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by heating the silicon oil and the fluorocarbon activator into gas, the diameter of the activator can be reduced, so that the cavity is filled with the activator, and each particle is convenient to adhere; the premixed dry powder particles are sprayed from top to bottom, so that the premixed dry powder particles fall under the action of gravity, continue to fall and are discharged after being adhered to the premixed dry powder particles, and each particle can be fully contacted with the gaseous coating particle, and the coating uniformity is improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
A dry powder extinguishing agent comprises the following components in parts by mass: 59.6-61% of sodium bicarbonate, 6.1-8% of ammonium phosphate, 4.5-6% of hydrophobic white carbon black, 1.4-3% of mica, 4.4-6% of graphite, 1.3-3% of perlite, 1.6-3% of zeolite, 1.6-3% of calcium hydroxide, 0.4-2% of silicon carbide, 5.6-7% of silicone oil and 13.2-15% of fluorocarbon surface active agent.
A preparation method of a dry powder extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
s1, preprocessing:
putting the raw materials into crushing equipment until all the raw materials are ground into powder with required diameter;
the raw materials are sequentially sodium bicarbonate, ammonium phosphate, hydrophobic white carbon black, mica, graphite, perlite, zeolite, calcium hydroxide and silicon carbide; before preparation, all solid raw materials are required to be ground into powder in advance, and a ball mill is used as grinding equipment;
s2, kneading and blending:
putting each powdery material in the S1 into a stirring tank according to a specified proportion; stirring the solid powder material by using a stirring tank to enable the organic silicide to perform sufficient crosslinking reaction until the material is completely cured to form premixed dry powder particles;
s3, wrapping:
heating silicone oil and a fluorocarbon surfactant into gaseous coated particles, and then pressurizing the gaseous coated particles to spray the gaseous coated particles into a treatment box from bottom to top; the diameter of the activating agent can be reduced by heating the silicone oil and the fluorocarbon activating agent into gas, so that the activating agent is filled in the cavity, each particle is convenient to adhere, and the opposite flushing can be realized by spraying from bottom to top;
spraying the premixed dry powder particles into a treatment box from top to bottom; the premixed dry powder particles are sprayed from top to bottom, so that the premixed dry powder particles fall under the action of gravity, and continue to fall and be discharged after being adhered to the premixed dry powder particles, so that each particle can be fully contacted with the gaseous coating particles, and the coating uniformity is improved;
the premixed dry powder particles are in hedging adhesion with the gaseous coating particles,
coating the gaseous coating particles on the outer surface of the premixed dry powder particles to prepare dry powder particles;
s4, drying: and heating to remove excessive water in the dry powder particles.
Further, the mass ratio of the sodium bicarbonate, the ammonium phosphate, the hydrophobic white carbon black, the mica, the graphite, the perlite, the zeolite, the calcium hydroxide, the silicon carbide, the silicone oil and the fluorocarbon surfactant is as follows: 60: 7: 5: 2: 5: 2: 2: 2: 2: 2: 1: 6: 14; the proportion of the fluorocarbon surfactant is increased, so that the wrapping effect is ensured, and the applicability of the dry powder extinguishing agent can be effectively improved by adopting various types of hydrophobic components and inert fillers; the silicon carbide is industrial waste material, can realize waste utilization, and can ensure that the fire extinguishing agent is not easy to tap and agglomerate by utilizing the scaly structure characteristics of mica and graphite; the porous characteristics of the perlite and the zeolite are utilized, so that the fluidity of the fire extinguishing agent can be enhanced, and the fire extinguishing agent also has the catalytic action of silicone oil; both the silicone oil and the hydrophobic white carbon black are used for improving the hydrophobic capacity of the fire extinguishing agent;
further, the drying specifically comprises: pressurizing and spraying the dry powder particles into a heating pipe, evaporating redundant moisture in the dry powder particles, and filtering foreign matters and oversized particles in the dry powder particles by using a screen in the heating pipe; the heating and screening steps are realized in one step, so that the production procedure can be simplified, and the production efficiency is improved.
Further, kneading and mixing are carried out at 88-115 ℃; by heating the agitation tank, the crosslinking reaction speed can be increased and the reaction can be made more sufficient.
By heating the silicon oil and the fluorocarbon activator into gas, the diameter of the activator can be reduced, so that the cavity is filled with the activator, and each particle is convenient to adhere; the premixed dry powder particles are sprayed from top to bottom, so that the premixed dry powder particles fall under the action of gravity, continue to fall and are discharged after being adhered to the premixed dry powder particles, and each particle can be fully contacted with the gaseous coating particle, and the coating uniformity is improved.
To verify the above beneficial effects, two sets of comparative tests were now made as follows:
material 1:
the traditional preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, putting the raw materials into a crushing device until the raw materials are ground into powder with the required diameter, wherein the raw materials are sequentially sodium bicarbonate, ammonium phosphate, hydrophobic white carbon black, mica, graphite, perlite, zeolite, calcium hydroxide and silicon carbide;
s2, kneading and blending:
putting each powdery material in S1 into a stirring tank according to a specified ratio, adding silicone oil and fluorocarbon surfactant according to the specified ratio, and continuously stirring to enable the organic silicide to perform sufficient crosslinking reaction until the material is completely cured to form premixed dry powder particles; the mass ratio is as follows: 60: 7: 5: 2: 5: 2: 2: 2: 2: 2: 1: 6: 14;
s3, drying: and heating to remove excessive water in the dry powder particles.
Material 2:
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preprocessing:
putting the raw materials into a crushing device until all the raw materials are ground into powder with required diameter,
the raw materials are sequentially sodium bicarbonate, ammonium phosphate, hydrophobic white carbon black, mica, graphite, perlite, zeolite, calcium hydroxide and silicon carbide;
s2, kneading and blending:
putting each powdery material in the S1 into a stirring tank according to a specified proportion,
the organic silicide is subjected to full cross-linking reaction until the material is completely cured to form premixed dry powder particles;
s3, wrapping:
heating silicone oil and a fluorocarbon surfactant into gaseous coated particles, and then pressurizing the gaseous coated particles to spray the gaseous coated particles into a treatment box from bottom to top;
spraying the premixed dry powder particles into a treatment box from top to bottom;
the premixed dry powder particles are in hedging adhesion with the gaseous coating particles,
coating the gaseous coating particles on the outer surface of the premixed dry powder particles to prepare dry powder particles;
s4, drying: and heating to remove excessive water in the dry powder particles.
The method comprises the steps of putting a material 1 into a closed container 1, putting a material 2 into the closed container 2, wherein the temperature and humidity environment of the closed container 1 is the same as that of the closed container 2, the temperature of the closed container is 20 ℃, the humidity of the closed container is 4%, and after the closed container is placed for 12 hours, local moisture absorption and agglomeration of the material 1 are detected, and the material 2 is not changed, so that the moisture-proof and hydrophobic effect of the prepared material is better.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A dry powder extinguishing agent is characterized in that: the dry powder extinguishing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 59.6-61% of sodium bicarbonate, 6.1-8% of ammonium phosphate, 4.5-6% of hydrophobic white carbon black, 1.4-3% of mica, 4.4-6% of graphite, 1.3-3% of perlite, 1.6-3% of zeolite, 1.6-3% of calcium hydroxide, 0.4-2% of silicon carbide, 5.6-7% of silicone oil and 13.2-15% of fluorocarbon surface active agent.
2. A preparation method of a dry powder extinguishing agent is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preprocessing:
putting the raw materials into a crushing device until all the raw materials are ground into powder with required diameter,
the raw materials are sequentially sodium bicarbonate, ammonium phosphate, hydrophobic white carbon black, mica, graphite, perlite, zeolite, calcium hydroxide and silicon carbide;
s2, kneading and blending:
putting each powdery material in the S1 into a stirring tank according to a specified proportion,
the organic silicide is subjected to full cross-linking reaction until the material is completely cured to form premixed dry powder particles;
s3, wrapping:
heating silicone oil and a fluorocarbon surfactant into gaseous coated particles, and then pressurizing the gaseous coated particles to spray the gaseous coated particles into a treatment box from bottom to top;
spraying the premixed dry powder particles into a treatment box from top to bottom;
the premixed dry powder particles are in hedging adhesion with the gaseous coating particles,
coating the gaseous coating particles on the outer surface of the premixed dry powder particles to prepare dry powder particles;
s4, drying: and heating to remove excessive water in the dry powder particles.
3. A method for preparing a dry powder extinguishing agent according to claim 2, wherein: the mass ratio of the sodium bicarbonate, the ammonium phosphate, the hydrophobic white carbon black, the mica, the graphite, the perlite, the zeolite, the calcium hydroxide, the silicon carbide, the silicone oil and the fluorocarbon surface active agent is as follows: 60: 7: 5: 2: 5: 2: 2: 2: 2: 2: 1: 6: 14.
4. a method for preparing a dry powder extinguishing agent according to claim 2, wherein: in S4, the drying specifically includes: and (3) pressurizing and spraying the dry powder particles into a heating pipe, evaporating redundant moisture in the dry powder particles, and filtering foreign matters and oversize particles in the dry powder particles by using a screen in the heating pipe.
5. A method for preparing a dry powder extinguishing agent according to claim 2, wherein: in S2, the kneading and mixing are carried out at 88 to 115 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010174667.9A CN111359134A (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-03-13 | Dry powder extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202010174667.9A CN111359134A (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-03-13 | Dry powder extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116474306A (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-07-25 | 中国民航大学 | Cooling type dry powder extinguishing agent and preparation method and application thereof |
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| SU889678A1 (en) * | 1974-11-04 | 1981-12-15 | Институт Физической Химии Им.П.В.Писаржевского Ан Укрсср | Method of modifying dispersed oxides |
| US4671973A (en) * | 1985-09-23 | 1987-06-09 | Grefco, Inc. | Method for the treatment of mineral extender fillers |
| CN1163800A (en) * | 1996-03-07 | 1997-11-05 | 夏普株式会社 | Apparatus and method of improving particle surface |
| JP2001232248A (en) * | 2000-02-21 | 2001-08-28 | Taisho Pharmaceut Co Ltd | Apparatus for coating particle |
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| CN101485967A (en) * | 2007-12-24 | 2009-07-22 | 贵州大学 | Technique for packing flue gas on surface of powder |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116474306A (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-07-25 | 中国民航大学 | Cooling type dry powder extinguishing agent and preparation method and application thereof |
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