CN111358859A

CN111358859A - Method for preparing PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor from lycium ruthenicum

Info

Publication number: CN111358859A
Application number: CN202010217553.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林鹏程; 吴疆; 张金魁; 王敏; 王泽�; 王怡; 吴蕾
Original assignee: Qinghai Nationalities University
Current assignee: Qinghai Nationalities University
Priority date: 2020-03-25
Filing date: 2020-03-25
Publication date: 2020-07-03

Abstract

The invention discloses an active ingredient extracted from a natural plant lycium ruthenicum and an extraction method thereof, and particularly relates to an active ingredient extracted from the lycium ruthenicum, which can effectively block the combination of PD1-PDL1, so that the interaction and subsequent effects of PD1-PDL1 are eliminated, inhibited, reduced or blocked, and a pharmaceutical composition of the active ingredient and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier can effectively become a novel PD1-PDL1 inhibitor, so that the inhibitor can be applied to the anti-tumor related diseases, and a reference can be provided for a clinical treatment scheme.

Description

Method for preparing PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor from lycium ruthenicum

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to the technical field of application of natural products, in particular to a pharmaceutical composition which is used for extracting active ingredients from a natural plant lycium ruthenicum, and has the functions of eliminating, inhibiting, reducing or blocking PD1-PDL1 combination and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier of the active ingredients, and application of the pharmaceutical composition to related diseases.

Background art:

the immune system of the human body recognizes tumor cells, regulates tumor growth, and even eliminates tumors, in which T cells play a central role. Activation of T cells requires first signal stimulation by the antigen presenting cells, and second signal stimulation by the co-stimulatory molecules. The co-stimulatory molecules not only provide co-stimulatory signals for enhancing immunity, but also provide co-inhibitory signals for suppressing immunity, so as to achieve the effect of regulating immunity, and the immune inhibitory signals are immune check points. In a normal organism, an immune check point maintains immune tolerance to self-antigen on one hand and avoids autoimmune diseases caused by over-strong immune reaction, and on the other hand, negative feedback immune reaction avoids tissue damage caused by over-stimulation. However, tumor cells may abnormally up-regulate co-suppressor molecules and their associated ligands, such as PD-1, PD-L1, inhibiting the immune activity of T cells, causing tumor immune escape. Currently known immune checkpoints include: PD-1/PD-L1, CTLA-4/CD80/CD86 and TCR, LAG3, TIGIT, TIM-3, BTLA. The "immune checkpoint blockers" currently at the tip of immunotherapy have a marked effect in the treatment of many cancers, especially malignant and chemo-resistant cancers. Among them, blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is by far the most successful cancer immunotherapy strategy.

PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 are relatively well studied immune checkpoint molecules in recent years that play an important negative regulatory role in the tumor microenvironment. PD-1 and PD-L1 combine to produce obvious inhibitory effect on T cells through mTOR and PI3K/AKT pathway. PD-1 attenuates T cell responses late in the activation process after T cells enter the tumor microenvironment. Because the adaptive immune resistance inhibits the killing effect of T cells in a tumor microenvironment on tumor cells, the blocking of the interaction of PD-1/PD-L1 can restore the immune response of an organism to tumors. The combination of PD-1 and the ligand PD-L1 can effectively reduce the immune response involved by immune T cells. The tumor cells escape immune supervision in vivo through high expression of PD-L1, and blocking the interaction of PD1 and PD-L1 can obviously improve the activity of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells so as to kill the tumor cells. PD-L1 is expressed primarily in T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, mesenchymal stem cells and bone marrow-derived mast cells. PD-L1 is also expressed in cells of non-myeloid origin, such as vascular endothelial cells, epithelial cells, skeletal muscle cells, hepatocytes, tubular epithelial cells, islet cells, brain stellate cells and various types of non-lymphoid tumors, such as melanoma, liver cancer, gastric cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and also in cells at the site of immune privilege, such as placenta, eye. This suggests that PD-L1 has some versatility in regulating autoreactive T, B cells and immune tolerance, and plays a role in peripheral tissue T and B cell responses.

The interaction of PD-1 and PD-L1 to regulate the activation of control T cells has been largely validated in tumor and viral infections. PD-L1 is expressed on the surface of a variety of tumor cells, including: lung cancer, liver cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, skin cancer, bladder cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, glioma, kidney cancer, stomach cancer, esophageal cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma, head and neck cancer.

Since 2014, the first PD-1 monoclonal antibody Pembrolizumab was marketed, a total of 15 PD-1/PD-L1 antibody drugs have been approved so far, wherein 9 monoclonal antibody drugs, 3 small molecule peptide inhibitors and 3 non-small molecule peptide drugs each, and the PD-1/PD-L1 drug has become an important component in the field of tumor immunity. According to the statistics of 2018, from 9 months of 2017 to 9 months of 2018, 748 clinical trials of PD-1/PD-L1 drug clinical trials are newly developed, and 2250 clinical trials in an active state are counted. In this 2250 clinical trial, 1716 had a treatment regimen of PD-1/PD-L1 antibody drug in combination with other cancer therapies. The number of PD-1/PD-L1 drug clinical trials has increased dramatically, from sector one in 2006 to 2250 at present in 2018.

Currently, the anti-tumor response is shown to be persistent in different cancer patients against PD-1/PD-L1 antibody drugs. However, the inherent disadvantages of antibody therapy, such as high cost, poor oral administration, immune-related side effects, and a first-line total population response rate of a single drug, are only 20% -30%. Therefore, the development of non-peptide small molecule inhibitors of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is a promising option for treating tumor patients.

Lycium chinense, also known as Lycium chinense and Hakka bonnie, is the mature fruit of Lycium chinense, a shrub fruit of Solanaceae. The medlar has a long history of homology of medicine and food, is a rare Chinese medicinal material in China and abroad, is listed as a superior product in Shen nong's herbal classic, and is called as ' long-time taking, light weight, no aging, cold resistance and summer heat resistance '; has the functions of delaying senility and resisting senility, and is named as 'Charpy seed'. The medlar contains a plurality of amino acids and special nutrient components such as betaine, zeaxanthin, baccatin and the like, so that the medlar has very good health care effect. The medlar has important significance to human health, can be used for health care of human bodies, is a favorite fruit of people, has the quality of medlar in the Ningxia which is superior to that of medlar in all parts of the country, becomes a representative of medlar, and is praised as the county of medlar.

The efficacy of the red medlar also has various functions: (1) immune regulation; (2) anti-aging, wherein immunosenescence is closely related to apoptosis; (3) the lycium barbarum polysaccharide is a biological reaction regulator for regulating immune response, and can play an anti-cancer role through a nerve-endocrine-immune regulation network. (4) Resisting fatigue; (5) radiation damage resistance; (6) regulating blood lipid; (7) reducing blood sugar; (8) lowering blood pressure; (9) protection of the reproductive system; (10) improving vision; (11) the disease resistance of the respiratory tract is improved; (12) maintaining beauty, keeping young and moistening skin; (13) protecting the liver; (14) enhancing hematopoietic function; moreover, Ningxia wolfberry also has the functions of regulating neuroendocrine, repairing ischemic brain injury, relieving encephaledema, improving cerebral function and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses an active ingredient extracted from a natural plant lycium ruthenicum and an extraction method thereof, and particularly relates to an active ingredient extracted from the lycium ruthenicum, which can effectively block the combination of PD1-PDL1, so that the interaction and subsequent effects of PD1-PDL1 are eliminated, inhibited, reduced or blocked, and a pharmaceutical composition of the active ingredient and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier can effectively become a novel PD1-PDL1 inhibitor, so that the inhibitor can be applied to resisting tumor-related diseases.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical problem solved by the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the active ingredients of the lycium ruthenicum for effectively blocking the combination of PD1-PDL1 are characterized in that the active ingredients are from an aqueous phase extract part and an ethyl acetate extract part of the lycium ruthenicum; further, separating the water phase extract part of the Lycium ruthenicum Murr with D101 macroporous adsorbent resin, eluting with ethanol-water system of different proportions, wherein the active ingredients mainly come from pure water, 20%, 40%, 60%, 95% elution parts, and pure chloroform, 50:1, 10:1, 5:1 and methanol elution parts which are separated by silica gel column chromatography and eluted with chloroform-methanol system of different proportions.

In brief, the active ingredients of Lycium ruthenicum Murr effective for blocking PD1-PDL1 binding are derived from pure water, 20%, 40%, 60%, 95% elution part and ethyl acetate extraction part of pure chloroform, 50:1, 10:1, 5:1, methanol elution part of the aqueous phase extract.

The preparation method of the active ingredients of the lycium ruthenicum for effectively blocking the combination of PD1-PDL1 comprises the following steps:

(1) extraction: selecting high-quality fructus Lycii, cleaning with pure water, air drying, soaking in 60-80% ethanol for 4-24 hr, extracting twice, filtering to obtain filtrate, recovering solvent under reduced pressure, adding 60-80% ethanol into the residue, ultrasonic extracting for 2 times, each time for 1-5 hr, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain 60-80% ethanol extract; extracting with 85-98% ethanol by the same method, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain 85-98% ethanol extract, and mixing to obtain total ethanol extract. Dissolving the total ethanol extract with water at ratio of 1:1-5, extracting with ethyl acetate at ratio of 0.5-1:1 to obtain ethyl acetate part and water phase extract part;

(2) separation: separating ethyl acetate part with silica gel column chromatography, eluting with chloroform-methanol system (pure chloroform, 50:1, 25:1, 10:1, 5:1, methanol) at different ratio to obtain 6 eluate parts; eluting the water phase extract with D101 macroporous adsorbent resin in ethanol-water system (pure water, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 95%) at different ratio to obtain 6 eluates.

Wherein the reduced pressure recovery condition is 0.1-0.5MPA and the temperature is 25-40 ℃; the ultrasonic extraction condition is 200-800HZ, the ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30-45min, and the temperature is 30-50 ℃.

Wherein, the extraction conditions are as follows: the extraction pressure is 20MPa to 40MPa, the extraction temperature is 30 ℃ to 50 ℃, and the extraction time is 0.8h to 2.5 h.

Wherein, the silica gel column chromatography separation conditions are as follows: using chloroform-methanol system as eluent, gradient eluting with pure chloroform, 50:1, 25:1, 10:1, 5:1 and methanol at flow rate of 0.2-1.0 ml/min.

Wherein, the separation conditions of the D101 macroporous adsorption resin are as follows: eluting with ethanol-water system as eluent, gradient eluting with pure water, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 95%, and flow rate of 0.3-1.5 ml/min.

The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing the active ingredients of the lycium ruthenicum and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preventing or treating a disease or condition by eliminating, inhibiting, reducing or blocking PD1-PDL1 binding activity, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition of an active extract fraction of lycium ruthenicum of the present invention together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Wherein the disease or disorder is selected from cancer; preferably, the cancer is selected from melanoma, renal cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, bone cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, cancer of the head or neck, cutaneous or intraocular melanoma, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, rectal cancer, cancer of the anal region, stomach cancer, testicular cancer, uterine cancer, carcinoma of the fallopian tubes, carcinoma of the endometrium, carcinoma of the cervix, carcinoma of the vagina, carcinoma of the vulva, Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, carcinoma of the esophagus, cancer of the small intestine, cancer of the endocrine system, cancer of the thyroid gland, cancer of the parathyroid gland, cancer of the adrenal gland, sarcoma of soft tissue, cancer of the urethra, cancer of the penis, chronic or acute leukemia including acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, solid tumors of childhood, lymphocytic lymphoma, cancer of the bladder, cancer of the kidney or ureter, renal pelvis, neoplasms of the central nervous system, neoplasms of the head or neck, malignant melanoma, cancer of, Primary central nervous system lymphoma, tumor angiogenesis, spinal axis tumor, brain stem glioma, pituitary adenoma, kaposi's sarcoma, epidermoid carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, T-cell lymphoma, environmentally induced cancer, including combinations of said cancers.

The term "preventing or treating a disease or disorder by eliminating, inhibiting, reducing or blocking PD1-PDL1 binding activity" as used herein is intended to mean a disease or disorder caused by PD-1 expression or that is symptomatic/characterized by PD1-PDL1 binding. In some embodiments, the disease or disorder is selected from cancer. Such cancers include, but are not limited to, lung cancer, liver cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, skin cancer, bladder cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, glioma, kidney cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma, head and neck cancer.

As used herein, "therapeutically effective amount" refers to a dose sufficient to show its benefit to the subject to which it is administered. The actual amount administered, as well as the rate and time course of administration, will depend on the individual condition and severity of the condition being treated. Prescription of treatment (e.g., decisions on dosage, etc.) is ultimately the responsibility of and depends on general practitioners and other physicians, often taking into account the disease being treated, the condition of the individual patient, the site of delivery, the method of administration, and other factors known to the physician.

The term "subject" as used herein refers to a mammal, such as a human, but may also be other animals, such as wild animals (e.g., herou, geranium, crane, etc.), domestic animals (e.g., ducks, geese, etc.) or laboratory animals (e.g., orangutans, monkeys, rats, mice, rabbits, guinea pigs, etc.).

The term "pharmaceutical composition" as used herein denotes a combination of at least one drug, optionally together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or adjuvant, combined together to achieve a specific purpose. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions include temporally and/or spatially separated combinations, so long as they are capable of acting together to achieve the objectives of the present invention. For example, the ingredients contained in the pharmaceutical composition (e.g., the pharmaceutical composition of the aqueous extract fraction of Lycium ruthenicum mill and the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier according to the present invention) can be administered to a subject in bulk, or separately. When the ingredients contained in the pharmaceutical composition are administered separately to a subject, the ingredients may be administered to the subject simultaneously or sequentially. Preferably, the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is water, aqueous buffered solutions, isotonic saline solutions such as PBS (phosphate buffered saline), glucose, mannitol, dextrose, lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, cellulose, magnesium carbonate, 0.3% glycerol, hyaluronic acid, ethanol, or polyalkylene glycols such as polypropylene glycol, triglycerides, and the like. The type of pharmaceutically acceptable carrier used depends inter alia on whether the composition according to the invention is formulated for oral, nasal, intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous administration. The compositions according to the invention may comprise wetting agents, emulsifiers or buffer substances as additives.

The invention also provides application of the medicinal composition of the lycium ruthenicum active extract part and the medicinal carrier in preparing medicaments for treating diseases or symptoms, in particular application of antitumor medicaments for treating tumor diseases, and application of the medicinal composition of the lycium ruthenicum active extract part and the medicinal carrier in effectively eliminating, inhibiting, reducing or blocking the antitumor medicaments combined by PD1-PDL 1.

The antineoplastic drug of the medicinal composition of the active extract part of the lycium ruthenicum mill and the medicinal carrier can be an oral preparation, an injection preparation or other preparation types.

The anti-tumor medicinal preparation of the medicinal composition of the active extract part of the lycium ruthenicum and the medicinal carrier is prepared by combining the active extract part of the lycium ruthenicum and pharmaceutically acceptable medicinal auxiliary materials.

The pharmaceutic adjuvant is one or more of excipient, diluent, carrier, flavoring agent, adhesive, filler, drug carrier, solubilizer, cosolvent, emulsifier, suspending agent, clarifier, deflocculant, correctant, colorant, preservative, chemical sterilizing agent, adsorbent, filter aid, antioxidant, pH regulator, isotonic regulator, diluent, adhesive, wetting agent, disintegrant, lubricant, antioxidant, controlled release agent, coating material, film-forming material and capsule material.

The oral preparation can be tablets, capsules, granules, oral liquid solvents, liposomes and the like.

The injection preparation can be liposome injection, nano injection, microsphere injection, etc.

The preferred dosage form is an oral dosage form or an injectable dosage form. Oral dosage forms and injectable dosage forms are the most preferred routes of administration. The oral dosage form refers to a dosage form for intestinal administration, and preferably, the oral dosage form is a sustained-release or controlled-release oral preparation. Wherein the capsule dosage form comprises soft capsule or hard capsule.

In addition, the preparation of the active ingredients of the lycium ruthenicum for effectively eliminating, inhibiting, reducing or blocking the binding of PD1-PDL1 can also be prepared by other administration routes: such as respiratory tract administration preparations (spray, aerosol, powder spray); dermal preparations (topical solutions, lotions, liniments, ointments, plasters, pastes, patches); film administration preparations (eye drops, nose drops, ophthalmic ointment, gargle, sublingual tablet); the preparation (suppository) is administered via cavity.

The injection can be a conventional injection preparation; preferably, the injection is a liposome injection, a nano injection or a microsphere injection, and the injections respectively adopt liposome, nano particles and microspheres as drug carriers, so that the circulation time of the drug-loaded particles in the body is prolonged, the retention time of the drug-loaded particles at an absorption part is prolonged, the burst effect of the drug at the initial release stage is controlled, and the drug effect is enhanced. Preferably, the nanoparticles used as the carrier in the nanoparticle injection are nanocrystallized colloidal particles.

By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the Lycium ruthenicum Murr active extract part can effectively eliminate, inhibit, reduce or block the combination of PD1-PDL1, and can be used for preparing antitumor drugs for cancer generation due to the combination of PD1-PDL 1. Is suitable for developing antitumor drugs. The applicant found in the study that: at present, raw materials for preparing anti-cancer drugs are short, and in the prior art, the red medlar has the function of (1) immunoregulation; (2) anti-aging, wherein immunosenescence is closely related to apoptosis; (3) the lycium barbarum polysaccharide is a biological reaction regulator for regulating immune response, and can play an anti-cancer role through a nerve-endocrine-immune regulation network. (4) Resisting fatigue; (5) radiation damage resistance; (6) regulating blood lipid; (7) reducing blood sugar; (8) lowering blood pressure; (9) protection of the reproductive system; (10) improving vision; (11) the disease resistance of the respiratory tract is improved; (12) maintaining beauty, keeping young and moistening skin; (13) protecting the liver; (14) enhancing hematopoietic function; fructus Lycii has effects in regulating neuroendocrine, repairing ischemic brain injury, relieving cerebral edema, and improving brain function. In the research of the application, the active ingredients of the lycium ruthenicum have the effects of eliminating, inhibiting, reducing or blocking the binding of PD1-PDL 1. The extraction method of the active site is researched, and the active extract has the activity of eliminating, inhibiting, reducing or blocking the binding of PD1-PDL1, but the effect is not achieved in other extracted part components. The applicant has paid much creative work in the process of finding out the problems and solving the problems.

2. The separation and extraction method can be used for rapidly separating each component of the lycium ruthenicum, the separation and extraction process is simple and stable, the method is suitable for industrial continuous production, the product yield is high, various active ingredients can be efficiently and simply separated, the active ingredients are separated and obtained in a water phase, and the influence of an organic solvent on the activity of a medicament is reduced.

3. The application of the active extract part of the lycium ruthenicum mill in preparing the antitumor drug for eliminating, inhibiting, reducing or blocking the combination of PD1-PDL1 expands the combination inhibitor or raw material drug channel of PD1-PDL1, increases the providers of effective drugs, expands the medicinal value of the lycium ruthenicum mill, enables the lycium ruthenicum mill to be developed into a new raw material for inhibiting the combination of PD1-PDL1 with the antitumor drug, and can obviously improve the economic value and the use value of the lycium ruthenicum mill.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows the performance test of each extracted part of Lycium ruthenicum Murr;

FIG. 2 shows IFN γ detection, an ex vivo T cell stimulation assay, for each extract of Lycium ruthenicum;

FIG. 3 shows IL2 detection, an in vitro T cell stimulation assay for each extract of Lycium ruthenicum;

FIG. 4 shows that the extracorporal T cells of Lycium ruthenicum Murr are stimulated to kill tumor cells.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are part of the present invention, and are intended to be illustrative only and not limiting in scope. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

EXAMPLE 1 preparation of crude extract of active ingredient of Lycium ruthenicum

(1) extraction: selecting high-quality fructus Lycii, cleaning with pure water, air drying, soaking with 60% ethanol for 8 hr, extracting twice, filtering to obtain filtrate, recovering solvent under reduced pressure, adding 70% ethanol into the residue, ultrasonic extracting for 2 times, each time for 3 hr, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain 70% ethanol extract; extracting with 83% ethanol once, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain 83% ethanol extract, and mixing to obtain total ethanol extract. Dissolving the total ethanol extract with water at ratio of 1:3, extracting with ethyl acetate at ratio of 0.4:1 to obtain ethyl acetate part and water phase extract part;

(2) separation: separating ethyl acetate part with silica gel column chromatography, eluting with chloroform-methanol system (pure chloroform, 50:1, 25:1, 10:1, 5:1, methanol) at different ratio to obtain 6 eluate parts; eluting the water phase extract with D101 macroporous adsorbent resin in ethanol-water system (pure water, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 95%) at different ratio to obtain 6 eluates. Wherein the pure water elution part and the ethyl acetate 50:1 elution part in the water phase extract are active parts of the Lycium ruthenicum Murr which can effectively block the combination of PD1-PDL 1.

Wherein the reduced pressure recovery condition is 0.28MPA and the temperature is 28 ℃; the ultrasonic extraction conditions are 550HZ, 30min of ultrasonic treatment and 30 ℃.

Wherein, the extraction conditions are as follows: the extraction pressure is 28MPa, the extraction temperature is 36 ℃, and the extraction time is 2 h.

Wherein, the silica gel column chromatography separation conditions are as follows: using chloroform-methanol system as eluent, gradient eluting with pure chloroform, 50:1, 25:1, 10:1, 5:1 and methanol at flow rate of 0.5 ml/min.

Wherein, the separation conditions of the D101 macroporous adsorption resin are as follows: eluting with ethanol-water system as eluent, gradient eluting with pure water, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 95%, and flow rate of 0.8 ml/min.

EXAMPLE 2 preparation of crude extract of active ingredient of Lycium ruthenicum

(1) extraction: selecting high-quality red medlar, cleaning with pure water, drying in the air, soaking with 74% ethanol for 4h, extracting twice, filtering to obtain filtrate, recovering solvent under reduced pressure, adding 80% ethanol into filter residue, ultrasonic extracting for 2 times, extracting for 4h each time, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain 80% ethanol extract; extracting with 85% ethanol once, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain 85% ethanol extract, and mixing to obtain total ethanol extract. Dissolving the total ethanol extract with water at ratio of 1:4, extracting with ethyl acetate at ratio of 0.5:1 to obtain ethyl acetate part and water phase extract part;

Wherein the reduced pressure recovery condition is 0.35MPA and the temperature is 30 ℃; the ultrasonic extraction conditions are 300HZ, 35min of ultrasonic treatment and 35 ℃.

Wherein, the extraction conditions are as follows: the extraction pressure is 30MPa, the extraction temperature is 40 ℃, and the extraction time is 1 h.

Wherein, the silica gel column chromatography separation conditions are as follows: using chloroform-methanol system as eluent, gradient eluting with pure chloroform, 50:1, 25:1, 10:1, 5:1 and methanol at flow rate of 0.8 ml/min.

Wherein, the separation conditions of the D101 macroporous adsorption resin are as follows: eluting with ethanol-water system as eluent, gradient eluting with pure water, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 95%, and flow rate of 1.0 ml/min.

EXAMPLE 3 preparation of crude extract of active ingredient of Lycium ruthenicum

(1) extraction: selecting high-quality red medlar, cleaning with pure water, drying in the air, firstly soaking with 75% ethanol for 4h, extracting twice, filtering to obtain filtrate, recovering solvent under reduced pressure, adding 80% ethanol into filter residue, ultrasonically extracting for 2 times, extracting for 2h each time, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain 80% ethanol extract; extracting with 85% ethanol once, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain 85% ethanol extract, and mixing to obtain total ethanol extract. Dissolving the total ethanol extract with water at ratio of 1:4, extracting with ethyl acetate at ratio of 0.8:1 to obtain ethyl acetate part and water phase extract part;

Wherein the reduced pressure recovery condition is 0.45MPA and the temperature is 35 ℃; the ultrasonic extraction conditions are 600HZ, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 35min, and the temperature is 50 ℃.

Wherein, the extraction conditions are as follows: the extraction pressure is 35MPa, the extraction temperature is 40 ℃, and the extraction time is 1.5 h.

Wherein, the silica gel column chromatography separation conditions are as follows: using chloroform-methanol system as eluent, gradient eluting with pure chloroform, 50:1, 25:1, 10:1, 5:1 and methanol at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min.

Wherein, the separation conditions of the D101 macroporous adsorption resin are as follows: eluting with ethanol-water system as eluent, gradient eluting with pure water, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 95%, and flow rate of 1.2 ml/min.

Example 4 detection of the Performance of Lycium ruthenicum Murr in blocking PD1-PDL1 binding active site

The following experiments were carried out using the active site of lycium ruthenicum murr extracted and purified in examples 1, 2 and 3 as a drug property detector:

wherein HTRF PD1/PDL1 detection kit (purchased from CISBO), HTRF PD1/PDL1 detection kit detection principle are used in the experiment: the HTRF PD1/PDL1 detection kit detects the interaction between PD1 and PDL1 protein. The characterization of each compound and antibody blocker can be performed rapidly, simply, and in high throughput using HTRF (homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence) technology. The interaction between Tag1-PD-L1 and Tag2-PD1 was examined by using anti-Tag 1-europium (HTRF donor) and anti-Tag2-XL665 (HTRF acceptor). When the donor and acceptor antibodies are brought into proximity due to the binding of PD-L1 and PD1, excitation of the donor antibody triggers the transfer of Fluorescence Resonance Energy (FRET) to the acceptor antibody, which releases a specific signal at 665 nm. This specific signal is proportional to the degree of interaction of PD 1/PD-L1. Thus, a compound or antibody that blocks the PD1/PD-L1 interaction will result in a reduction in HTRF signal.

Experimental design screening method (kit experimental method): extracting appropriate amount of each part of fructus Lycii, and dissolving with DMSO respectively. The experiment was divided into 3 groups, one for each experiment (2. mu.L of extract), one for each positive control (2. mu.L of kit solvent, positive) and one for each negative control (2. mu.L of DMSO, negative), each set of three duplicate wells.

Experimental groups: transferring 2 mu L of ethanol-water extract and ethyl acetate into a 96-well plate, sequentially adding 4 mu LTag1-PD-L1 protein (kit) and 4 mu LTag2-PD-1 protein (kit), standing at room temperature for 15min, adding 10 mu L of pre-mixed anti-Tag1-Eu3+ and anti-Tag2-XL665, and standing at room temperature for 2 h.

Positive control group: mu.L of kit solvent, dilent, 4. mu.L of Tag1-PD-L1 protein and 4. mu.L of Tag2-PD-1 protein were transferred and added to a 96-well plate, and left at room temperature for 15min, then 10. mu.L of the solution prepared in advance (kit pre-mixed anti-Tag1-Eu3+ and anti-Tag2-XL665) was added and left at room temperature for 2 h.

Negative control group: transferring 2 mu of LDMSO and 4 mu of Tag1-PD-L1 protein into a 96-well plate, and standing for 15min at room temperature; then 10. mu.L of the solution prepared in advance (kit pre-mixed anti-Tag1-Eu3+ and anti-Tag2-XL665) is added and placed for 2h at room temperature. The values of Signal 665nm and Signal 620nm were measured with a microplate reader. Is calculated according to the following formula

The analysis of the results shows that the ratio of each active site is processed, wherein the ratio is less than 0, and the representative site has the active components, which can block the binding interaction of PD1-PDL1, block the signal path of PD1-PDL1, and prevent the development of diseases.

As shown in figure 1, the parts 1-6 are sequentially active parts obtained by eluting the water phase extract part with pure water, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 95% ethanol in an elution system, the parts 7-12 are parts obtained by eluting the ethyl acetate part with pure chloroform, 50:1, 25:1, 10:1, 5:1 and methanol in a chloroform-methanol system, and the parts are collected, and the influence of each part on the binding interaction of PD1-PDL1 is detected by using an HTRF PD1/PDL1 detection kit.

As can be seen from fig. 1, in each of the ethyl acetate extraction site and the aqueous phase extract site of lycium ruthenicum, pure water, pure chloroform at 20%, 40%, 60%, 95% elution site and ethyl acetate extraction site, 50:1, 10:1, 5:1, and methanol elution site of the aqueous phase extract show elimination, inhibition, reduction, or blocking of PD1-PDL1 binding interaction, so that the pure water, pure chloroform at 50:1, 10:1, 5:1, and methanol elution site of the aqueous phase extract in lycium ruthenicum, 20%, 40%, 60%, 95% elution site and ethyl acetate extraction site, are active sites that effectively eliminate, inhibit, reduce, or block PD1-PDL1 binding, and the active sites can develop an antitumor inhibitor by blocking PD1-PDL1 binding interaction.

Example 5 extraction of Lycium ruthenicum Activity in vitro stimulation of T cell function assay tetanus toxin stimulation assay

Freshly prepared PBMCs were plated into 96-well flat-bottom plates and after overnight incubation, different concentrations (100ug/ml, 50ug/ml) of aqueous extract of Lycium ruthenicum, ethyl acetate extract and 100ng/ml of Tetanus Toxin (TT) (Listbiological Laboratories) were added. The supernatant was harvested three days later, and the IFN γ content in the supernatant was measured by Elisa using IFN γ kit from R & DSystem, wherein Atezolizumab was used as a positive control group. As can be seen from the results in FIG. 2, the pure water, 20%, 40%, 60%, 95% elution part and ethyl acetate extraction part of the aqueous extract of Lycium ruthenicum Murr, 50:1, 10:1, 5:1, methanol elution part extract greatly increases the cytokine secreted by immune cells stimulated and activated by tetanus toxin TT after eliminating, inhibiting, reducing or blocking PD1-PDL1 signal, while the effect of other parts is not significant.

Example 6 Lycium ruthenicum Activity extraction in vitro stimulated T cell function experiment

Freshly prepared PBMC (obtained according to the conventional preparation method) were plated in 96-well flat-bottom plates, incubated overnight, 100ug/ml, 50ug/ml of aqueous extract of lycium ruthenicum mill, ethyl acetate extract and 100ng/ml of Tetanus Toxoid (TT) were added, and after 3 days of culture, the supernatant was collected and the secretion levels of aqueous extract of lycium ruthenicum mill, ethyl acetate extract and positive control (Atezolizumab) IL2 were measured using a Luminex apparatus from life technology and a CD8+ cytokine detection kit from EMD. As can be seen from the results in FIG. 3, the pure water, 20%, 40%, 60%, 95% elution parts and ethyl acetate extraction parts of the aqueous phase extract in Lycium ruthenicum Murr, 50:1, 10:1, 5:1, and methanol elution part extracts can stimulate the function of T cells by greatly increasing the cytokine IL2 secreted by immune cells after eliminating, inhibiting, reducing or blocking PD1-PDL1 signals, while the effects of other parts are not significant.

Example 7 an active extract of Lycium ruthenicum Murr can stimulate T cells to kill tumor cells in vitro

MD-MAB-453 cell line expressing PD-L1 stably was obtained by infecting MD-MAB-453 cells with lentivirus (Qiagen) expressing PD-L1 protein, and GFP gene was introduced to express GFP protein stably. Dendritic Cells (DC) were extracted from human fresh peripheral blood cells, and after co-culturing with the above-mentioned modified MD-MAB-453 cells (300 cells/well) at 300 cells/well for 3 days in a 96-well plate, the extracted T cells (1000 cells/well) and 100ug/ml of aqueous extract of Lycium ruthenicum, ethyl acetate extract and positive control (Atezolizumab) were added, and co-culturing was carried out for 3 days, and GFP fluorescence was read. The results (see figure 4) show that the pure water, 20%, 40%, 60%, 95% elution parts and ethyl acetate extraction parts of the aqueous phase extract in the lycium ruthenicum have obvious effect of killing tumor cells by extracorporeally stimulating T cells extracted from the methanol elution parts at 50:1, 10:1 and 5:1, and the effect of killing tumor cells from other parts is not obvious.

Example 8 anti-tumor inhibitor tablet blocking the binding of PD1-PDL1

The preparation method of the tablet of the active site of the red medlar comprises the following steps: 480mg of the active extraction part of the lycium ruthenicum mill and 160mg of starch are mixed evenly, 76.8mg of starch paste with the mass percent of 12% is added to prepare soft materials, wet granules are obtained by sieving, dry granules are obtained by drying, 10mg of magnesium stearate is added to be mixed evenly, and tabletting is carried out, thus obtaining the anti-tumor inhibitor for blocking the combination of PD1-PDL 1.

Example 9 antitumor inhibitor pellet capsules that block PD1-PDL1 binding

The pellet capsule consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight:

360mg of the active extraction part of the red medlar;

65mg of lecithin;

sodium taurocholate 55 mg;

microcrystalline cellulose 35 mg;

the preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the active extraction part of the lycium ruthenicum, lecithin, sodium taurocholate and microcrystalline cellulose according to a ratio, adding an ethanol water solution, uniformly stirring to obtain a pasty material, pouring the pasty material into an extruder, extruding, obtaining granules by a roller, wherein the extrusion speed is 380rpm/min, the roller speed is 900r/min, the roller time is 30min, drying, sieving by a 24-35-mesh sieve to obtain pellets, and filling the pellets into a capsule shell to obtain the anti-tumor inhibitor pellet capsule for blocking the combination of PD1-PDL 1.

Example 10 antitumor inhibitor liposomes that block PD1-PDL1 binding

An antitumor inhibitor liposome for blocking PD1-PDL1 combination comprises an antioxidant, an active site of Lycium ruthenicum Murr, phospholipid, a cholesterol compound, a surfactant and an aqueous medium, wherein the mass ratio of the active site of Lycium ruthenicum Murr, the antioxidant, the phospholipid, the cholesterol and the surfactant is 1:3-50:5-80:1-50:0-100, preferably, the mass ratio of the active site of Lycium ruthenicum Murr, the phospholipid, the cholesterol and the surfactant is 1:3-30:5-50:1-30:0-80, and further preferably 1:4-20:5-25:1-10: 50-80.

Wherein the phospholipid may be a natural phospholipid such as: one or more of soybean lecithin, yolk lecithin and hydrogenated soybean lecithin; synthetic phospholipids such as: dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC), Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), phosphatidylserine (DOPS), Distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE), Dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), Dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol (DPPG), (2, 3-dioleoyl-propyl) -trimethylamine (DOTAP), and the like; optionally, phospholipid with functional modification such as PEG-DSPE can be added into phospholipid.

The surfactant can be Tween 80, Span20 or sodium cholate, etc.

The aqueous phase medium is a subacid PBS buffer solution, preferably, the pH value of the PBS buffer solution is 3-6, and further preferably, the pH value of the PBS buffer solution is 4.5-6.0.

The co-carried liposome can be prepared by an injection method or a thin film hydration method, and the preparation method comprises the following specific steps:

1. injection method

a. Dissolving phospholipid, cholesterol and surfactant in organic reagent at a certain ratio to obtain organic phase, wherein the organic reagent can be one or more of ethanol, chloroform, etc.;

b. dissolving the active site of the Lycium ruthenicum Murr in a water phase medium to prepare a solution of the active site of the Lycium ruthenicum Murr;

c. b, adding the lycium ruthenicum active site solution into the organic phase in the step a, performing ultrasonic treatment to form a uniform emulsion phase, and performing rotary evaporation to remove the organic solvent to obtain a liposome solution;

d. filtering the liposome solution with microporous filter membranes of 0.8 μm, 0.45 μm, 0.22 μm and 0.1 μm to obtain stable co-carried liposome.

2. Thin film hydration process

a. Dissolving phospholipid, cholesterol and surfactant in an organic reagent according to a certain ratio to prepare an organic phase, and removing the organic reagent by spinning to obtain a uniform lipid membrane, wherein the organic reagent can be one or a mixture of ethanol, chloroform and the like;

c. b, adding the lycium ruthenicum active site solution into the lipid membrane in the step a, and hydrating at room temperature to obtain a liposome solution;

d. reducing the particle size of the liposome by ultrasonic treatment, and sequentially filtering with microporous filter membranes of 0.8 μm, 0.45 μm, 0.22 μm and 0.1 μm to obtain stable liposome solution.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The active ingredients of the lycium ruthenicum for effectively blocking the binding of PD1-PDL1 are characterized in that the active ingredients are from an aqueous extract part and an ethyl acetate extract part of the lycium ruthenicum.

2. The active ingredient of lycium ruthenicum mill of claim 1, which effectively blocks the binding of PD1-PDL1, characterized in that: separating water phase extract part of fructus Lycii with D101 macroporous adsorbent resin, eluting with ethanol-water system at different ratio, wherein the active components mainly come from pure water, 20%, 40%, 60%, 95% elution parts, and ethyl acetate part is separated by silica gel column chromatography and eluted with chloroform-methanol system at different ratio, such as pure chloroform, 50:1, 10:1, 5:1, and methanol elution part.

3. The active ingredient of lycium ruthenicum mill of claim 1, which effectively blocks the binding of PD1-PDL1, characterized in that: the preparation method of the active ingredients of the lycium ruthenicum for effectively blocking the combination of PD1-PDL1 comprises the following steps:

(1) extraction: selecting high-quality fructus Lycii, cleaning with pure water, air drying, soaking in 60-80% ethanol for 4-24 hr, extracting twice, filtering to obtain filtrate, recovering solvent under reduced pressure, adding 60-80% ethanol into the residue, ultrasonic extracting for 2 times, each time for 1-5 hr, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain 60-80% ethanol extract; extracting with 85-98% ethanol by the same method, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain 85-98% ethanol extract, and mixing to obtain total ethanol extract; dissolving the total ethanol extract with water at ratio of 1:1-5, extracting with ethyl acetate at ratio of 0.5-1:1 to obtain ethyl acetate part and water phase extract part;

4. The active ingredient medicament of lycium ruthenicum of any one of claims 1 to 3, which is effective in blocking the binding of PD1-PDL1, characterized in that: a pharmaceutical composition comprising an active ingredient of lycium ruthenicum mill and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

5. The use of an active ingredient of Lycium ruthenicum Murr according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for effectively blocking the binding of PD1-PDL1, wherein: the medicinal composition of the active ingredients of the lycium ruthenicum and the medicinal carrier is applied to the antitumor medicaments for effectively eliminating, inhibiting, reducing or blocking the combination of PD1-PDL 1.

6. The use of an active ingredient of Lycium ruthenicum Murr effective in blocking the binding of PD1-PDL1 as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the tumor is a cancer selected from the group consisting of melanoma, renal cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, bone cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, cancer of the head or neck, cutaneous or intraocular malignant melanoma, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, rectal cancer, cancer of the anal region, stomach cancer, testicular cancer, uterine cancer, carcinoma of the fallopian tubes, carcinoma of the endometrium, carcinoma of the cervix, carcinoma of the vagina, carcinoma of the vulva, hodgkin's disease, non-hodgkin's lymphoma, carcinoma of the esophagus, carcinoma of the small intestine, cancer of the endocrine system, carcinoma of the thyroid gland, carcinoma of the parathyroid gland, carcinoma of the adrenal gland, sarcoma of soft tissue, carcinoma of the urethra, carcinoma of the penis, chronic or acute leukemia, and combinations of tumors thereof.

7. The active ingredient medicament of lycium ruthenicum of claim 4, which effectively blocks the binding of PD1-PDL1, characterized in that: the medicinal composition of the active ingredients of the red medlar and the medicinal carrier is an oral preparation or an injection preparation.

8. The use of an active ingredient of Lycium ruthenicum Murr effective in blocking the binding of PD1-PDL1 as claimed in claim 5, wherein: an antitumor medicinal preparation for effectively blocking the combination of PD1-PDL1 is prepared by combining an active component of Lycium ruthenicum Murr and pharmaceutically acceptable pharmaceutic adjuvants.

9. The active ingredient medicament of lycium ruthenicum mill effective in blocking the binding of PD1-PDL1 according to claim 6, characterized in that: the oral preparation can be tablet, capsule, granule, oral liquid solvent, liposome, etc.

10. The active ingredient medicament of lycium ruthenicum of claim 4, which effectively blocks the binding of PD1-PDL1, characterized in that: the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is water, aqueous buffered solutions, isotonic saline solutions such as PBS (phosphate buffered saline), glucose, mannitol, dextrose, lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, cellulose, magnesium carbonate, 0.3% glycerol, hyaluronic acid, ethanol, or polyalkylene glycols such as polypropylene glycol, triglycerides, and the like.