CN111355517A - Frequency control array base station cooperative transmission method for high-speed mobile user - Google Patents

Frequency control array base station cooperative transmission method for high-speed mobile user Download PDF

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CN111355517A
CN111355517A CN202010185218.4A CN202010185218A CN111355517A CN 111355517 A CN111355517 A CN 111355517A CN 202010185218 A CN202010185218 A CN 202010185218A CN 111355517 A CN111355517 A CN 111355517A
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base station
frequency
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CN111355517B (en
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吴薛晗
林静然
邵怀宗
利强
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
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Abstract

The invention provides a frequency control array base station cooperative transmission method facing high-speed mobile users, which enables the peak moment of a generated wave beam to move along with the motion track of the high-speed users by designing frequency control array frequency offset, maximizes the average wave beam gain of the users in a certain time period and has higher service quality compared with a waveform of a phased array which does not change along with the time; the invention realizes the balance of the service quality and the maintenance cost of the base station by optimizing and activating the base station, and selects the activated base station while reducing the maintenance cost of the base station, thereby ensuring that the service quality is better compared with the random activation of the base station. The invention utilizes the time dependency of the frequency control array, realizes that the wave beam peak value automatically moves along with the motion track of the high-speed user by optimally designing the frequency control array frequency deviation and activating the base station, and improves the service quality. Meanwhile, the implementation cost is reduced, and the base station maintenance cost is balanced.

Description

Frequency control array base station cooperative transmission method for high-speed mobile user
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to a frequency control array base station cooperative transmission method for a high-speed mobile user.
Background
Millimeter waves with rich available spectrum resources are an effective choice for next generation wireless communications. However, the millimeter wave communication has the characteristic of high directional transmission due to the larger path transmission loss compared with the low-frequency communication, and the transmission loss is compensated by the common array technology, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the communication quality. In the face of known high-speed users with fixed motion tracks, such as rail transit systems of motor cars, high-speed rails and the like, most of the existing methods for improving the communication quality of the users adopt phased arrays, and phase differences exist among phased array antennas by designing phase shifter parameters, so that wave beams are concentrated on one azimuth angle in space to ensure the integrity of signals at the position of a target user, and the communication quality is improved.
With the improvement of the rail transit system technology, the stable running speed of rail users reaches 350 Km/h. Because the shape of the phased array beam does not change with time, the existing method using the phased array needs to constantly change the parameters of the phase shifters to ensure that the beam is concentrated on the position of a target user, thereby providing continuous and effective service and causing high implementation cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the frequency control array base station cooperative transmission method for the high-speed mobile user provided by the invention utilizes the time dependency of the frequency control array, realizes that the wave beam peak value automatically moves along with the motion track of the high-speed user by optimally designing the frequency control array frequency offset and activating the base station, and improves the service quality. Meanwhile, the implementation cost is reduced, and the base station maintenance cost is balanced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the scheme provides a frequency control array base station cooperative transmission method facing high-speed mobile users, which comprises the following steps:
s1, randomly initializing frequency control array frequency carried by K base stations and base station activation parameters
Figure BDA0002413945050000021
And let i be 1, K be 1, and m be 1, where m is the mth antenna, i is the number of iterations, K is the number of base stations, f is the number of base stations, andkm rows and 1 columns of vectors formed by respective frequencies of M antennas of the kth base station, bkControl parameters for activation state for kth base station, and bkMore than or equal to 0, M is the number of antennas of one base stationAn amount;
s2, controlling the array at t according to the frequencysThe wave beam gain of the moment is calculated to obtain a related item cos [2 pi (f) of the m antenna of the kth base station in the wave beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]Derivative of (2)
Figure BDA0002413945050000022
And determining the derivative
Figure BDA0002413945050000023
If not, go to step S3, if yes, go to step S4, where fk,mIs the frequency, τ, of the m antennas of the kth base stationk,m,sFor the moment when the transmitted beam of the mth antenna of the kth base station arrives at the target, fl,nFor the frequency, τ, of the nth antenna of the ith base stationl,n,sThe moment when the transmission beam of the nth antenna of the ith base station reaches the target,
Figure BDA0002413945050000024
is the related term cos [2 pi (f) of the kth base station mth antenna in the beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]The derivative of (a) of (b),
Figure BDA0002413945050000025
for the frequency of the i-1 iteration for the m antennas of the kth base station,
Figure BDA0002413945050000026
the frequency of the i-1 iteration of the nth antenna of the ith base station;
s3, aiming at the derivative
Figure BDA0002413945050000027
When the wave beam gain is not equal to zero, respectively calculating to obtain a frequency related term cos [2 pi (f) of the mth antenna of the kth base station in the wave beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]Approximate parameters αk,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,s；
S4, aiming at the derivative
Figure BDA0002413945050000028
When the wave beam gain is equal to zero, respectively calculating to obtain a frequency related term cos [2 pi (f) of the mth antenna of the kth base station in the wave beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]Approximate parameters αk,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,s；
S5, parameter α obtained according to step S3 or step S4k,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,sAnd calculating the frequency of the ith iteration of the m antennas of the kth base station
Figure BDA0002413945050000029
And order
Figure BDA00024139450500000210
Figure BDA0002413945050000031
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002413945050000032
for the frequency of the ith iteration for the nth antenna of the ith base station,
Figure BDA0002413945050000033
control parameters for the activation state of the ith iteration of the ith base station;
s6, judging
Figure BDA0002413945050000034
If the count value M is greater than M, step S7 is performed, otherwise, the count value M is incremented by 1, and step S2 is performed, where M is the mth antenna and M is the number of antennas of one base station;
s7, calculating and obtaining the activation state control parameter of the ith iteration of the kth base station
Figure BDA0002413945050000035
And order
Figure BDA0002413945050000036
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002413945050000037
for the frequency of the ith iteration for the nth antenna of the ith base station,
Figure BDA0002413945050000038
control parameters for the activation state of the ith iteration of the ith base station;
s8, judging the control parameter of the activation state
Figure BDA0002413945050000039
If the count value K in the step (b) is greater than K, if so, the step (S9) is performed, otherwise, the count value K is added by 1, m is equal to 1, and the step (S2) is returned, where m is the mth antenna, K is the kth base station, and K is the number of base stations;
s9, judging whether the termination condition is met, if yes, outputting the base station activation parameter
Figure BDA00024139450500000310
And ending the operation, finishing the cooperative transmission of the frequency control array base station, otherwise, adding 1 to the iteration number i, wherein k is 1, and m is 1, and returning to the step S2.
Further, the derivative in the step S2
Figure BDA00024139450500000311
The expression of (a) is as follows:
Figure BDA00024139450500000312
Figure BDA00024139450500000313
wherein, 2 pi fk,mτk,m,sThe phase of the signal transmitted by the mth array element of the kth base station at the target position,
Figure BDA00024139450500000314
for the frequency of the i-1 iteration for the m antennas of the kth base station,
Figure BDA00024139450500000315
for the frequency of the i-1 iteration of the nth antenna of the ith base station, taul,n,sFor the moment t of the transmitted beam of the nth antenna of the ith base station to the targetsIs the signal transmission time, c is the speed of light, (r)k,s,θk,s) For the user at tsTime of day 2 pi tau with respect to the location of the kth base stationk,m,sPhase term 2 pi f of the position where the signal transmitted by the mth array element of the kth base station reaches the target positionk,mτk,m,sIn fk,mCoefficient of (d), τk,m,sThe moment when the transmission beam of the mth antenna of the kth base station reaches the target.
Still further, in the step S3, parameter αk,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,sThe expression of (a) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002413945050000041
Figure BDA0002413945050000042
wherein, αk,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,sFor the frequency-dependent term cos [2 π (f) of the mth antenna of the kth base station in the beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]Parameter of approximation, τk,m,sFor the moment when the transmitted beam of the mth antenna of the kth base station arrives at the target,
Figure BDA0002413945050000043
for the frequency of the mth antenna of the kth base station at iteration i-1,
Figure BDA0002413945050000044
for the frequency of the i-1 iteration of the nth antenna of the ith base station, taul,n,sIs the first radicalThe time at which the transmit beam of the station's nth antenna arrives at the target,
Figure BDA0002413945050000045
for the frequency-dependent term cos 2 pi (f) of the beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]To fk,mThe derivative of (a) of (b),
Figure BDA0002413945050000046
for the frequency of the i-1 iteration for the m antennas of the kth base station,
Figure BDA0002413945050000047
which means that the rounding is made up,
Figure BDA0002413945050000048
denotes rounding down, tsThe signal transmission time c is the speed of light.
Still further, in the step S4, parameter αk,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,sThe expression of (a) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002413945050000049
Figure BDA00024139450500000410
wherein, αk,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,sFor the frequency-dependent term cos [2 π (f) of the mth antenna of the kth base station in the beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]The parameters for the approximation are made such that,
Figure BDA0002413945050000051
for the frequency, τ, of the kth base station mth antenna at iteration i-1l,n,sTo indicate the time instant t of the transmission beam of the nth antenna of the ith base station to the targetsThe signal transmission time, c is the speed of light,
Figure BDA0002413945050000052
for the frequency of the i-1 iteration of the nth antenna of the ith base station, tauk,m,sThe moment when the transmission beam of the mth antenna of the kth base station reaches the target.
Still further, in the step S5
Figure BDA0002413945050000053
The expression of (a) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002413945050000054
Figure BDA0002413945050000055
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002413945050000056
the frequency of the ith iteration of the mth antenna of the kth base station, M is the number of antennas of one base station, K is the number of base stations, S is the division of a service time into S time slots,
Figure BDA0002413945050000057
activating control factor I (b) for the binary base station of the kth base stationk) Activating a base station control factor a (r) after the i-1 th iteration serializationk,s) The signal attenuation factor for the kth base station at time s,
Figure BDA0002413945050000058
activating a base station control factor, a (r), for the continuation of the i-1 th iteration of the ith base stationl,s) The first base station is at tsThe signal attenuation factor at the time of day,
Figure BDA0002413945050000059
the value range of the expression (. cndot.) is [ f0-ΔF,f0+ΔF]，f0For the frequency-controlled array carrier frequency, [ - Δ F,. DELTA.F]Upper and lower bounds are taken for frequency offset of the frequency control array, and gamma is a control factor of the activated base station after continuous operation
Figure BDA00024139450500000510
Parameter of (1), bkActivating the control parameter of the state for the kth base station.
Still further, the state control parameter is activated in the step S7
Figure BDA00024139450500000511
The expression of (a) is as follows:
Figure BDA00024139450500000512
Figure BDA0002413945050000061
Figure BDA0002413945050000062
wherein, λ is the weight factor of balancing the maintenance cost and service quality of the base station, and γ is the control factor of activating the base station after continuous operation
Figure BDA0002413945050000063
The parameter (2) of (1),
Figure BDA0002413945050000064
activation state control parameters of i-1 iteration of kth base station, wherein S is the time for dividing a service period into S time slots, M is the number of antennas of one base station, K is the number of base stations, and a (r)k,s) The signal attenuation factor for the kth base station at time s,
Figure BDA0002413945050000065
base station control factors are activated for the continuation of the ith base station,
Figure BDA0002413945050000066
the phase of the signal transmitted at the i-1 iteration for the mth array element of the kth base station at the target position is reached,
Figure BDA0002413945050000067
for the frequency, τ, of the nth antenna of the ith base station at iteration i-1l,n,sIs the time, a (r), of the transmission beam of the nth antenna of the ith base station to the targetl,s) The first base station is at tsThe signal attenuation factor at the time of day,
Figure BDA0002413945050000068
control parameter of activation state for ith iteration of ith base station, QkTo represent
Figure BDA0002413945050000069
The term is related to the active base station control factor of the kth base station
Figure BDA00024139450500000610
The constant part of the relevant part is,
Figure BDA00024139450500000611
is composed of
Figure BDA00024139450500000612
The term is related to the active base station control factor of the kth base station
Figure BDA00024139450500000613
The constant part of the correlation part indicates that μ is the lagrangian multiplier.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) compared with the existing phased array method, the method provided by the invention does not need to update array parameters frequently, thereby reducing the implementation cost;
(2) according to the invention, through designing frequency offset of the frequency control array, the generated wave beam peak value moment moves along with the motion track of a high-speed user, the average wave beam gain of the user is maximized in a certain time period, and the wave form has higher service quality compared with the wave form of the phase control array which does not change along with the time;
(3) the invention realizes balancing the service quality and the maintenance cost of the base station by optimizing and activating the base station, and selects the activated base station while reducing the maintenance cost of the base station, so that the service quality is better compared with the random activation of the base station;
(4) the invention provides a low-complexity algorithm for jointly optimizing frequency control array frequency offset and base station activation, and each step of the algorithm has a stable solution to ensure the convergence of the algorithm.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a frequency control array base station cooperative transmission method for high-speed mobile users, which is implemented as follows:
s1, randomly initializing frequency control array frequency carried by K base stations and base station activation parameters
Figure BDA0002413945050000071
And let i be 1, K be 1, and m be 1, where m is the mth antenna, i is the number of iterations, K is the number of base stations,
Figure BDA0002413945050000072
m rows and 1 columns of vectors formed by respective frequencies of M antennas of the kth base station, bkControl parameters for activation state for kth base station, and bk≥0，
Figure BDA0002413945050000073
M is the number of antennas of a base station;
s2, controlling the array at t according to the frequencysThe beam gain at a time of day is,calculating to obtain a related term cos [2 pi (f) of the mth antenna of the kth base station in the beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]Derivative of (2)
Figure BDA0002413945050000074
And determining the derivative
Figure BDA0002413945050000075
If not, go to step S3, otherwise, go to step S4;
in this embodiment, the frequency control array is at tsThe beam gain at a time instant may be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002413945050000081
wherein, tsFor the signal transmission time, S means that a service time is divided into S time slots, S is the S-th time slot, (r)k,s,θk,s) For the user at tsThe time of day is relative to the location of the kth base station,
Figure BDA0002413945050000082
binary activation of the base station control factor for the kth base station, which means that the kth base station is turned off when the control factor is 0, and activation of the kth base station when the control factor is 1, a (r)k,s) For the kth base station at tsSignal attenuation factor at time fk,mFor the frequency of the mth antenna of the kth base station,
Figure BDA0002413945050000083
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002413945050000084
the time delay from the mth antenna of the kth base station to the target, c is the speed of light, 2 pi fk,mτk,m,sPhase of arrival at target position of signal transmitted for mth array element of kth base station, similar I (b)l) Binary activation of the base station control factor, a (r), for the l-th base stationl,s) The first base station is at tsSignal attenuation factor at time fl,nFor the frequency, τ, of the nth antenna of the ith base stationl,n,sIs the firstThe time when the beam of the nth antenna of the base station is transmitted to the target, the term related to the frequency of the frequency control array in the gain of the beam is cos [2 pi (f)k,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]，
Figure BDA0002413945050000085
Defined as the frequency f of the term to the mth antenna of the kth base stationk,mDerivation, i.e.
Figure BDA0002413945050000086
(i-1) is the (i-1) th iteration;
s3, aiming at the derivative
Figure BDA0002413945050000087
When the wave beam gain is not equal to zero, respectively calculating to obtain a frequency related term cos [2 pi (f) of the mth antenna of the kth base station in the wave beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]Approximate parameters αk,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,sAnd proceeds to step S5:
Figure BDA0002413945050000091
wherein, αk,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,sFor the frequency-dependent term cos [2 π (f) of the mth antenna of the kth base station in the beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]Parameters for performing the approximation, i.e. cos [2 π (f)k,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]Is approximately αk,l,m,n,s(fk,m-βk,l,m,n,s)2+ρk,l,m,n,sRe-solving, αk,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,sThere are two cases of the value of (f) in the above formula, the term cos [2 pi (f) related to the frequency of the frequency control array in the beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]Derivative of (2)
Figure BDA0002413945050000092
The way of obtaining when it is not 0, (i-1) is the (i-1) th iteration, fk,mFor the frequency of the mth antenna of the kth base station,
Figure BDA0002413945050000093
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002413945050000094
is the time delay from the m antenna of the k base station to the target, c is the speed of light, 2 pi fk,mτk,m,sFor the phase at which the signal transmitted by the m-th element of the kth base station reaches the target position, similar fl,nFor the frequency, τ, of the nth antenna of the ith base stationl,n,sThe moment when the transmission beam of the nth antenna of the ith base station reaches the target,
Figure BDA0002413945050000095
for the frequency-dependent term cos 2 pi (f) of the beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]To fk,mThe derivation is carried out by the derivation,
Figure BDA0002413945050000096
which means that the rounding is made up,
Figure BDA0002413945050000097
represents rounding down;
s4, aiming at the derivative
Figure BDA0002413945050000098
When the wave beam gain is equal to zero, respectively calculating to obtain a frequency related term cos [2 pi (f) of the mth antenna of the kth base station in the wave beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]Approximate parameters αk,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,sAnd proceeds to step S5:
Figure BDA0002413945050000099
wherein, αk,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,sFor the frequency-dependent term cos [2 π (f) of the mth antenna of the kth base station in the beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]Parameters for performing the approximation, i.e. cos [2 π (f)k,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]Is approximately αk,l,m,n,s(fk,m-βk,l,m,n,s)2+ρk,l,m,n,sRe-solving, αk,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,sThere are two cases of the value of (f) in the above formula, the term cos [2 pi (f) related to the frequency of the frequency control array in the beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]Derivative of (2)
Figure BDA0002413945050000101
The way of obtaining the value of 0, (i-1) is the (i-1) th iteration, fk,mFor the frequency of the mth antenna of the kth base station,
Figure BDA0002413945050000102
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002413945050000103
is the time delay from the m antenna of the k base station to the target, c is the speed of light, 2 pi fk,mτk,m,sFor the phase of the signal transmitted by the mth array element of the kth base station at the target position, 2 pi fk,mτk,m,sFor the phase at which the signal transmitted by the m-th element of the kth base station reaches the target position, similar fl,nFor the frequency, τ, of the nth antenna of the ith base stationl,n,sA time when the beam is transmitted to the target for the nth antenna of the ith base station;
s5, parameter α obtained from step S3 or step S4k,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,sAnd calculating the frequency of the ith iteration of the m antennas of the kth base station
Figure BDA0002413945050000104
And order
Figure BDA0002413945050000105
Figure BDA0002413945050000106
Figure BDA0002413945050000107
Figure BDA0002413945050000108
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002413945050000109
activating control factor I (b) for the binary base station of the kth base stationk) Activating the base station control factor after the serialization, wherein gamma is a constant which is more than 0,
Figure BDA00024139450500001010
if not 0, it means activating base station k, otherwise it means shutting down base station k, a (r)k,s) For the signal attenuation factor of the kth base station at time s, similarly
Figure BDA00024139450500001011
Activating a base station control factor, a (r), for the continuation of the l-th base stationl,s) The first base station is at tsThe signal attenuation factor at the time of day,
Figure BDA0002413945050000111
the value range of the expression (. cndot.) is [ f0-ΔF,f0+ΔF]Wherein f is0For the frequency-controlled array carrier frequency, [ - Δ F,. DELTA.F]The frequency control array frequency offset value is up and down bound, namely the frequency control array frequency offset value is larger than minus delta F and smaller than delta F, and the frequency control array frequency is the frequency control array carrier frequency plus the frequency control array frequency offset;
s6, judging
Figure BDA0002413945050000112
If the count value M is greater than M, the process proceeds to step S7, otherwise, the count value M is incremented by 1, and the process returns to step S2;
s7, calculating and obtaining the activation state control parameter of the ith iteration of the kth base station
Figure BDA0002413945050000113
And order
Figure BDA0002413945050000114
Figure BDA0002413945050000115
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002413945050000116
for the frequency of the ith iteration for the nth antenna of the ith base station,
Figure BDA0002413945050000117
the control parameter of the activation state of the ith iteration of the ith base station, lambda is a weight factor for balancing the maintenance cost and the service quality of the base station and is a constant which is artificially selected, and gamma is a control factor of the activated base station after the continuous operation
Figure BDA0002413945050000118
The parameter(s) is (are) an artificially selected constant greater than 0 [ ·]+The larger of 0 and (-) is taken, mu is Lagrange multiplier, and the value is obtained according to Karoke-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) condition
Figure BDA0002413945050000119
The average frequency-controlled array beam gain at all S moments is:
Figure BDA00024139450500001110
binary activation of base station control factor I (b) in average frequency control array beam gaink) Activating base station control factors with continuity
Figure BDA00024139450500001111
After replacement, it is divided into two parts, the first part being
Figure BDA00024139450500001112
Controlling the active base station control factor of the kth base station in the item
Figure BDA00024139450500001113
The constant part of the correlation part is denoted as Qk，
Figure BDA00024139450500001114
M is the number of antennas of a base station, S represents the division of a service period into S time slots, a (r)k,s) The signal attenuation factor of the kth base station at the time of s, and the other part
Figure BDA0002413945050000121
Active base station control factor to be compared with kth base station
Figure BDA0002413945050000122
The constant part of the correlation part is represented as
Figure BDA0002413945050000123
Namely, it is
Figure BDA0002413945050000124
Wherein S denotes dividing a service time into S time slots, (i-1) for the kth base station in S iterations,
Figure BDA0002413945050000125
activating a base station control factor, a (r), for the continuation of the l-th base stationk,s) Signal attenuation factor, f, for the kth base station at time sk,mFor the frequency of the mth antenna of the kth base station,
Figure BDA0002413945050000126
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002413945050000127
the time delay from the mth antenna of the kth base station to the target, c is the speed of light, 2 pi fk,mτk,m,sFor the phase at which the signal transmitted by the m-th element of the kth base station reaches the target position, similar fl,nFor the frequency, τ, of the nth antenna of the ith base stationl,n,sFor the moment when the nth antenna of the ith base station transmits a beam to the target, a (r)l,s) The first base station is at tsSignal attenuation factor at a time.
S8, judging the control parameter of the activation state
Figure BDA0002413945050000128
If the count value K in step (a) is K, if so, the process proceeds to step S9, otherwise, the count value K is incremented by 1, m is equal to 1, and the process returns to step S2;
s9, judging whether the termination condition is met, if yes, outputting the base station activation parameter
Figure BDA0002413945050000129
And ending the operation, finishing the cooperative transmission of the frequency control array base station, otherwise, adding 1 to the iteration number i, wherein k is 1, and m is 1, and returning to the step S2.
According to the invention, through designing frequency offset of the frequency control array, the generated wave beam peak value moment moves along with the motion track of a high-speed user, the average wave beam gain of the user is maximized in a certain time period, and the wave form has higher service quality compared with the wave form of the phase control array which does not change along with the time; the invention realizes the balance of the service quality and the maintenance cost of the base station by optimizing and activating the base station, and selects the activated base station while reducing the maintenance cost of the base station, thereby ensuring that the service quality is better compared with the random activation of the base station.

Claims (6)

1. A frequency control array base station cooperative transmission method facing high-speed mobile users is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, randomly initializing frequency control array frequency carried by K base stations and base station activation parameters
Figure FDA0002413945040000011
And let i be 1, K be 1, and m be 1, where m is the mth antenna, i is the number of iterations, K is the number of base stations, f is the number of base stations, andkm rows and 1 columns of vectors formed by respective frequencies of M antennas of the kth base station, bkControl parameters for activation state for kth base station, and bkMore than or equal to 0, wherein M is the number of antennas of one base station;
s2, controlling the array at t according to the frequencysThe wave beam gain of the moment is calculated to obtain a related item cos [2 pi (f) of the m antenna of the kth base station in the wave beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]Derivative of (2)
Figure FDA0002413945040000012
And determining the derivative
Figure FDA0002413945040000013
If not, go to step S3, if yes, go to step S4, where fk,mIs the frequency, τ, of the m antennas of the kth base stationk,m,sFor the moment when the transmitted beam of the mth antenna of the kth base station arrives at the target, fl,nFor the frequency, τ, of the nth antenna of the ith base stationl,n,sThe moment when the transmission beam of the nth antenna of the ith base station reaches the target,
Figure FDA0002413945040000014
is the related term cos [2 pi (f) of the kth base station mth antenna in the beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]The derivative of (a) of (b),
Figure FDA0002413945040000015
for the frequency of the i-1 iteration for the m antennas of the kth base station,
Figure FDA0002413945040000016
the frequency of the i-1 iteration of the nth antenna of the ith base station;
s3, aiming at the derivative
Figure FDA0002413945040000017
When not equal to zero, respectively calculating to obtain beam increaseThe term cos 2 pi (f) related to the frequency of the mth antenna of the kth base stationk,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]Approximate parameters αk,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,s；
S4, aiming at the derivative
Figure FDA0002413945040000018
When the wave beam gain is equal to zero, respectively calculating to obtain a frequency related term cos [2 pi (f) of the mth antenna of the kth base station in the wave beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]Approximate parameters αk,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,s；
S5, parameter α obtained according to step S3 or step S4k,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,sAnd calculating the frequency of the ith iteration of the m antennas of the kth base station
Figure FDA0002413945040000019
And order
Figure FDA00024139450400000110
Figure FDA0002413945040000021
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002413945040000022
for the frequency of the ith iteration for the nth antenna of the ith base station,
Figure FDA0002413945040000023
control parameters for the activation state of the ith iteration of the ith base station;
s6, judging
Figure FDA0002413945040000024
If the count value M is greater than M, the process proceeds to step S7, otherwise, the count value M is increased by 1 and the process returns to step S2,wherein M is the mth antenna, and M is the number of antennas of one base station;
s7, calculating and obtaining the activation state control parameter of the ith iteration of the kth base station
Figure FDA0002413945040000025
And order
Figure FDA0002413945040000026
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002413945040000027
for the frequency of the ith iteration for the nth antenna of the ith base station,
Figure FDA0002413945040000028
control parameters for the activation state of the ith iteration of the ith base station;
s8, judging the control parameter of the activation state
Figure FDA0002413945040000029
If the count value K in the step (b) is greater than K, if so, the step (S9) is performed, otherwise, the count value K is added by 1, m is equal to 1, and the step (S2) is returned, where m is the mth antenna, K is the kth base station, and K is the number of base stations;
s9, judging whether the termination condition is met, if yes, outputting the base station activation parameter
Figure FDA00024139450400000210
And ending the operation, finishing the cooperative transmission of the frequency control array base station, otherwise, adding 1 to the iteration number i, wherein k is 1, and m is 1, and returning to the step S2.
2. The method for cooperative transmission of frequency controlled array base station for high-speed mobile users according to claim 1, wherein the derivative in step S2
Figure FDA00024139450400000211
The expression of (a) is as follows:
Figure FDA00024139450400000212
Figure FDA00024139450400000213
wherein, 2 pi fk,mτk,m,sThe phase of the signal transmitted by the mth array element of the kth base station at the target position,
Figure FDA00024139450400000214
for the frequency of the i-1 iteration for the m antennas of the kth base station,
Figure FDA00024139450400000215
for the frequency of the i-1 iteration of the nth antenna of the ith base station, taul,n,sFor the moment t of the transmitted beam of the nth antenna of the ith base station to the targetsIs the signal transmission time, c is the speed of light, (r)k,s,θk,s) For the user at tsTime of day 2 pi tau with respect to the location of the kth base stationk,m,sPhase term 2 pi f of the position where the signal transmitted by the mth array element of the kth base station reaches the target positionk,mτk,m,sIn fk,mCoefficient of (d), τk,m,sThe moment when the transmission beam of the mth antenna of the kth base station reaches the target.
3. The method for cooperative transmission of frequency controlled array base station for high speed mobile users according to claim 1, wherein the parameter α in the step S3k,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,sThe expression of (a) is as follows:
Figure FDA0002413945040000031
Figure FDA0002413945040000032
wherein, αk,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,sFor the frequency-dependent term cos [2 π (f) of the mth antenna of the kth base station in the beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]Parameter of approximation, τk,m,sFor the moment when the transmitted beam of the mth antenna of the kth base station arrives at the target,
Figure FDA0002413945040000033
for the frequency of the mth antenna of the kth base station at iteration i-1,
Figure FDA0002413945040000034
for the frequency of the i-1 iteration of the nth antenna of the ith base station, taul,n,sThe moment when the transmission beam of the nth antenna of the ith base station reaches the target,
Figure FDA0002413945040000035
for the frequency-dependent term cos 2 pi (f) of the beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]To fk,mThe derivative of (a) of (b),
Figure FDA0002413945040000036
for the frequency of the i-1 iteration for the m antennas of the kth base station,
Figure FDA0002413945040000037
which means that the rounding is made up,
Figure FDA0002413945040000038
denotes rounding down, tsThe signal transmission time c is the speed of light.
4. The method for cooperative transmission of frequency controlled array base station for high speed mobile users according to claim 1, wherein the parameter α in the step S4k,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,sThe expression of (a) is as follows:
Figure FDA0002413945040000041
Figure FDA0002413945040000042
wherein, αk,l,m,n,s、βk,l,m,n,sAnd ρk,l,m,n,sFor the frequency-dependent term cos [2 π (f) of the mth antenna of the kth base station in the beam gaink,mτk,m,s-fl,nτl,n,s)]The parameters for the approximation are made such that,
Figure FDA0002413945040000043
for the frequency, τ, of the kth base station mth antenna at iteration i-1l,n,sTo indicate the time instant t of the transmission beam of the nth antenna of the ith base station to the targetsThe signal transmission time, c is the speed of light,
Figure FDA0002413945040000044
for the frequency of the i-1 iteration of the nth antenna of the ith base station, tauk,m,sThe moment when the transmission beam of the mth antenna of the kth base station reaches the target.
5. The method for cooperative transmission of frequency controlled array base station for high-speed mobile users according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 is executed
Figure FDA0002413945040000045
The expression of (a) is as follows:
Figure FDA0002413945040000046
Figure FDA0002413945040000047
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002413945040000048
the frequency of the ith iteration of the mth antenna of the kth base station, M is the number of antennas of one base station, K is the number of base stations, S is the division of a service time into S time slots,
Figure FDA0002413945040000049
activating control factor I (b) for the binary base station of the kth base stationk) Activating a base station control factor a (r) after the i-1 th iteration serializationk,s) The signal attenuation factor for the kth base station at time s,
Figure FDA00024139450400000410
activating a base station control factor, a (r), for the continuation of the i-1 th iteration of the ith base stationl,s) The first base station is at tsThe signal attenuation factor at the time of day,
Figure FDA00024139450400000411
the value range of the expression (. cndot.) is [ f0-ΔF,f0+ΔF]，f0For the frequency-controlled array carrier frequency, [ - Δ F,. DELTA.F]Upper and lower bounds are taken for frequency offset of the frequency control array, and gamma is a control factor of the activated base station after continuous operation
Figure FDA00024139450400000412
Parameter of (1), bkActivating the control parameter of the state for the kth base station.
6. The method for cooperative transmission of frequency controlled array base station for high-speed mobile users according to claim 1, wherein the status control parameter is activated in step S7
Figure FDA0002413945040000051
The expression of (a) is as follows:
Figure FDA0002413945040000052
Figure FDA0002413945040000053
Figure FDA0002413945040000054
wherein, λ is the weight factor of balancing the maintenance cost and service quality of the base station, and γ is the control factor of activating the base station after continuous operation
Figure FDA0002413945040000055
The parameter (2) of (1),
Figure FDA0002413945040000056
activation state control parameters of i-1 iteration of kth base station, wherein S is the time for dividing a service period into S time slots, M is the number of antennas of one base station, K is the number of base stations, and a (r)k,s) The signal attenuation factor for the kth base station at time s,
Figure FDA0002413945040000057
base station control factors are activated for the continuation of the ith base station,
Figure FDA0002413945040000058
the phase of the signal transmitted at the i-1 iteration for the mth array element of the kth base station at the target position is reached,
Figure FDA0002413945040000059
for the frequency, τ, of the nth antenna of the ith base station at iteration i-1l,n,sIs the time, a (r), of the transmission beam of the nth antenna of the ith base station to the targetl,s) The first base station is at tsThe signal attenuation factor at the time of day,
Figure FDA00024139450400000510
for the ith iteration of the base stationOf the activation state control parameter, QkTo represent
Figure FDA00024139450400000511
The term is related to the active base station control factor of the kth base station
Figure FDA00024139450400000512
The constant part of the relevant part is,
Figure FDA00024139450400000513
is composed of
Figure FDA00024139450400000514
The term is related to the active base station control factor of the kth base station
Figure FDA00024139450400000515
The constant part of the correlation part indicates that μ is the lagrangian multiplier.
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