CN111355372A - Buck converter linear and nonlinear hybrid control method - Google Patents
Buck converter linear and nonlinear hybrid control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111355372A CN111355372A CN202010204793.4A CN202010204793A CN111355372A CN 111355372 A CN111355372 A CN 111355372A CN 202010204793 A CN202010204793 A CN 202010204793A CN 111355372 A CN111355372 A CN 111355372A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0045—Converters combining the concepts of switch-mode regulation and linear regulation, e.g. linear pre-regulator to switching converter, linear and switching converter in parallel, same converter or same transistor operating either in linear or switching mode
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Abstract
The invention discloses a linear and nonlinear mixed control method of a Buck converter, which combines the steady-state performance advantage of PI control and the dynamic performance advantage of sliding mode control, samples at the midpoint of the rising edge or the falling edge of inductive current, carries out unified formula calculation on average inductive current values of a DCM mode and a CCM mode, compares the average inductive current value with the average value of the inductive current of a critical mode to judge the working mode of the Buck converter, immediately switches a double closed-loop control voltage outer ring of the Buck converter into sliding mode control from PI control when DCM/CCM mode switching occurs, immediately switches back to PI control after the steady state of output voltage is detected under the sliding mode control, and adopts a switching structure with output quantity pre-compensation to realize the stable switching of the two control methods.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a linear and nonlinear hybrid control method for a Buck converter, and belongs to the field of switching power supplies.
Background
The Buck converter is a power electronic device capable of realizing a direct current voltage reduction function, has the advantages of simple structure, high power density and the like, and is widely applied to the industrial fields of aerospace, direct current motor driving, electric vehicle charging, renewable energy sources and the like at present. Under the traditional PI double closed-loop control, when the Buck converter is disturbed by the load switched between the inductive current continuous mode and the inductive current discontinuous mode, the dynamic performance is poor, the working quality of the load can be seriously influenced, and even the load can not work normally. Therefore, improving the output disturbance rejection performance is a problem to be solved.
Aiming at the problem that the load disturbance resistance of the Buck converter is poor under the traditional PI control, many researches are conducted at home and abroad, wherein the sliding mode control has many achievements in the field of high-performance control of the Buck converter due to the advantages of simple form, excellent dynamic performance and strong robustness to uncertain disturbance of a system. The design of a control-limited sliding mode control Buck converter (see the Chinese Motor engineering journal, 2010) designs a traditional single-loop linear sliding mode controller based on an output voltage error and a first-order derivative thereof, the voltage robustness is improved to a certain extent compared with the traditional PI control, but the voltage differential is introduced, the hysteresis variable frequency control is adopted, the system is sensitive to system noise, and the dynamic response of the output voltage of the control-limited sliding mode control Buck converter is much worse than that of double closed-loop control. A robust discrete integral sliding mode control strategy of a Buck converter (see the report of electrotechnical science, 2019) is provided, a discrete voltage model with concentrated disturbance is reconstructed on the basis of keeping a traditional double-closed-loop control current inner loop, a global robust DISM voltage controller is designed, the dynamic quality and the disturbance resistance of output voltage are improved, and the steady-state performance of the output voltage is seriously influenced due to high-frequency buffeting in sliding mode control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a linear and nonlinear hybrid control method for a Buck converter, aiming at the problem that the dynamic characteristic of the Buck converter is poor when the Buck converter is subjected to load disturbance caused by switching between an inductive current continuous mode and an inductive current discontinuous mode under the traditional PI double closed-loop control.
In order to realize the method, the invention is realized by adopting a control system as shown in fig. 1, and the system comprises a Buck converter, a signal sampling module, an average inductive current correction module, a mode monitoring module and a control algorithm module.
Supply voltage signal u of Buck converteriOutput voltage signal uoInductor current signal iLGiving the signal sampling module, and obtaining a power supply voltage sampling signal u by sampling at the middle point of the rising edge or the falling edge of the inductive currentinAnd output voltage sampling signal uonInductor current sampling signal iLnWhereinThe sampling period is T and the sampling time is nT.
Power supply voltage sampling signal u output by signal sampling moduleinAnd output voltage sampling signal uonInductor current sampling signal iLnThe duty ratio D output by the control algorithm module is used as the input of the average inductive current correction module, and an average inductive current signal I is output through calculationLn。
Power supply voltage sampling signal u output by signal sampling moduleinAnd output voltage sampling signal uonAnd the average inductive current signal I output by the average inductive current correction moduleLnAnd the mode monitoring module is used for judging the operation modes of the Buck converter, the operation modes of the Buck converter comprise an inductive current discontinuous mode (DCM) and an inductive Current Continuous Mode (CCM), and the mode monitoring module outputs different modes a according to different operation modes and is used as the input of the control algorithm module for controlling the switching of the method.
Reference value u of output voltagerefAverage inductor current signal ILnMode a and output voltage sampling signal uonAs the input of the control algorithm module, and outputs duty ratio D and PWM, wherein duty ratio D is used as the input of the average inductive current correction module for average inductive current signal ILnCalculating (1); the PWM is used as an input of the Buck converter to control the on/off of the power switch tube S.
The control algorithm module comprises an outer ring hybrid control module, an inner ring PI control module and a PWM generation module; wherein a voltage reference value u is outputrefAnd output voltage sampling signal uonTaking the mode a as the input of an outer ring hybrid control module, selecting Sliding Mode Control (SMC) or PI control through switching conditions, and outputting an inductor current reference value iLref(ii) a Reference value of inductor current iLrefAnd the average inductor current signal ILnThe signal is sent to an inner ring PI control module, and a modulation wave signal is output through PI regulation; the modulation wave signal is sent to a PWM generating module, and a duty ratio D and PWM are output through the PWM generating module, wherein the duty ratio D is used as the input of an average inductive current correcting module and is used for averaging an inductive current signal ILnCalculating (1); the PWM is used as an input of the Buck converter to control the on/off of the power switch tube S.
The average inductive current correction module samples a signal u through a power supply voltageinAnd output voltage sampling signal uonInductor current sampling signal iLnCalculating average inductive current signal I with duty ratio D output by control algorithm moduleLnThe formula is as follows:
the mode monitoring module passes an average inductor current signal ILnComparing with the average value of the critical mode inductive current to judge the mode, wherein the judging conditions are as follows:
when the Buck converter is judged to operate in the DCM, the mode monitoring module outputs a signal mode a which is 0; when the Buck converter is judged to operate in the CCM mode, the mode monitoring module outputs a signal mode a which is 1.
The switching conditions of the control method of the outer ring hybrid control module are as follows: when the mode a is changed from 1 to 0 or from 0 to 1, namely the Buck converter is switched from the CCM mode to the DCM mode or from the DCM mode to the CCM mode, the outer-loop hybrid control module is immediately switched from the PI control to the SMC control and then operates under the SMC control when judging that the output voltage sampling signal u is outputonWhen the steady state is recovered, the outer loop hybrid control module is immediately switched from SMC control to PI control.
The outer ring hybrid control module adopts a switching structure with output pre-compensation, and the stable switching of PI control and SMC control can be realized through the structure; assuming that an outer ring hybrid control module outputs an inductive current reference value i under PI controlLrefIn this case, the output quantity of the PI control is used as a reference value, the output quantity of the SMC control is used as a feedback value, and the error quantity of the output quantity and the output quantity of the SMC control is used as the input of the SMC control, so that the output quantity of the SMC control and the output quantity of the PI control are kept consistent at the moment, the output quantity of the SMC control is pre-compensated, andwhen the PI control is switched to the SMC control, the stable switching of the two control methods is realized; assuming that the outer loop hybrid control module outputs an inductive current reference value i under the control of SMCLrefAnd at the moment, the output quantity of the SMC control is used as a reference value, the output quantity of the PI control is used as a feedback value, and the error quantity of the output quantity of the PI control and the output quantity of the PI control is used as the input of the PI control, so that the output quantity of the PI control and the output quantity of the SMC control are kept consistent at the moment, the output quantity of the PI control is pre-compensated, and the stable switching of the two control methods is realized when the SMC.
Compared with the existing Buck converter control method, the Buck converter control method has the advantages that: the control method combines the steady-state performance advantage of PI control and the dynamic performance advantage of sliding mode control, and can realize stable switching between the control methods; by sampling at the middle point of the rising edge or the falling edge of the inductive current, the average inductive current values of the DCM mode and the CCM mode are corrected in a unified formula, and the problem that the average inductive current value of the DCM mode is difficult to sample is solved.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
drawings
FIG. 1 is a system structure diagram of a Buck converter linear and nonlinear hybrid control method according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a linear and nonlinear hybrid control method of a Buck converter, which is further described in detail by combining the attached drawings.
In order to realize the control method, the invention is realized by adopting a system shown in figure 1, and the system mainly comprises a Buck converter, a signal sampling module, an average inductive current correction module, a mode monitoring module and a control algorithm module.
Supply voltage signal u of Buck converteriOutput voltage signal uoInductor current signal iLGiving the signal sampling module, and obtaining a power supply voltage sampling signal u by sampling at the middle point of the rising edge or the falling edge of the inductive currentinAnd output voltage sampling signal uonInductor current sampling signal iLnThe sampling period is T and the sampling time is nT.
Sampled power supply voltage sampling signal uinAnd output voltage sampling signal uonInductor current sampling signal iLnThe duty ratio D output by the control algorithm module is sent to the average inductive current correction module, and the average inductive current signal I is calculated through the signalsLn。
Sampling a power supply voltageinAnd output voltage sampling signal uonAverage inductor current signal ILnAs input to the mode monitoring module and by comparing the average inductor current signal ILnAnd judging the operation mode of the Buck converter according to the average value of the inductive current in the critical mode, wherein the operation mode of the Buck converter comprises an inductive current discontinuous mode (DCM) and an inductive Current Continuous Mode (CCM), and the mode monitoring module can output different mode a signals according to different operation modes and give the signals to the control algorithm module for controlling the switching of the method.
Reference value u of output voltagerefAverage inductor current signal ILnMode a and output voltage sampling signal uonThe control algorithm module is used as the input of the control algorithm module, switches the control method according to the signals and outputs a duty ratio D and a PWM, wherein the duty ratio D is used as the input of the average inductive current correction module and is used for averaging an inductive current signal ILnCalculating (1); the PWM is used as an input of the Buck converter to control the on/off of the power switch tube S.
The control algorithm module comprises an outer ring hybrid control module, an inner ring PI control module and a PWM generation module; wherein a voltage reference value u is outputrefAnd output voltage sampling signal uonTaking the mode a as the input of an outer ring hybrid control module, selecting Sliding Mode Control (SMC) or PI control through switching conditions, and outputting an inductor current reference value iLrefWherein the voltage reference value urefAnd output voltage sampling signal uonThe difference value of (A) is used as the input of two control methods in the outer ring hybrid control module; reference value of inductor current iLrefAnd the average inductor current signal ILnDifference of (2)The value is sent to an inner ring PI control module, and a modulation wave signal is output through the inner ring PI control module; the modulation wave signal is sent to a PWM generating module, and a duty ratio D and PWM are output through the PWM generating module, wherein the duty ratio D is used as the input of an average inductive current correcting module and is used for averaging an inductive current signal ILnCalculating (1); the PWM is used as an input of the Buck converter to control the on/off of the power switch tube S.
The average inductive current correction module samples a signal u through a power supply voltageinAnd output voltage sampling signal uonInductor current sampling signal iLnCalculating average inductive current signal I with duty ratio D output by control algorithm moduleLnThe formula is as follows:
the mode monitoring module passes an average inductor current signal ILnComparing with the average value of the critical mode inductive current to judge the mode, wherein the judging conditions are as follows:
when the Buck converter is judged to operate in the DCM, the mode monitoring module outputs a signal mode a which is 0; when the Buck converter is judged to operate in the CCM mode, the mode monitoring module outputs a signal mode a which is 1.
The switching conditions of the control method of the outer ring hybrid control module are as follows: when the mode a is changed from 1 to 0 or from 0 to 1, namely the Buck converter is switched from the CCM mode to the DCM mode or from the DCM mode to the CCM mode, the outer-loop hybrid control module is immediately switched from the PI control to the SMC control and then operates under the SMC control when judging that the output voltage sampling signal u is outputonWhen the steady state is recovered, the outer loop hybrid control module is immediately switched from SMC control to PI control.
As shown in fig. 1, an output pre-compensation switching structure is adopted in the outer-loop hybrid control module, and by using the structure, smooth switching between PI control and SMC control can be realized; when outer ring hybrid control module selectsPI control output inductance current reference value iLrefTime, logic control switch K5、K6And K2Closure, K1、K3And K4Disconnecting, using the PI control output quantity as a reference value, using the output quantity of SMC control as a feedback value, using the error quantity of the PI control output quantity and the output quantity of SMC control as the input of SMC control, ensuring that the SMC control output follows the PI control output, keeping the SMC control output quantity consistent with the PI control output quantity at any moment, pre-compensating the sliding mode control output quantity, and realizing stable switching of a control method when the PI control is switched to the SMC control; similarly, when the control method is SMC control, the logic control switch K1、K3And K4Closure, K5、K6And K2And before the control method is switched, the output quantity of the PI control is ensured to be consistent with the output quantity of the SMC control by an output quantity pre-compensation method, so that the control method is switched smoothly when the SMC control is switched to the PI control.
The linear and nonlinear hybrid control method of the Buck converter comprises the steps of sampling at the middle point of the rising edge or the falling edge of inductive current, carrying out unified formula correction on average inductive current values of a DCM (direct current modulation) mode and a CCM (continuous current mode) mode, comparing the average inductive current value with the average value of the inductive current of a critical mode to judge the working mode of the Buck converter, immediately switching a double closed-loop control voltage outer ring of the Buck converter to SMC (surface component interconnect) control by PI (proportional-integral) control when the DCM/CCM mode is switched, and immediately switching back to PI control after the output voltage is detected to recover to a stable state under the SMC control, wherein one output pre-compensation switching structure is adopted to realize the stable.
Claims (3)
1. A Buck converter linear and nonlinear hybrid control method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the control system of the method comprises: the device comprises a Buck converter (1), a signal sampling module (2), an average inductive current correction module (3), a mode monitoring module (4) and a control algorithm module (5);
supply voltage signal u of Buck converter (1)iOutput voltage signal uoInductor current signal iLTo a signal sampling module (2) and by samplingSample output power supply voltage sampling signal uinAnd output voltage sampling signal uonInductor current sampling signal iLn；
The power supply voltage sampling signal u output by the signal sampling module (2)inAnd output voltage sampling signal uonInductor current sampling signal iLnThe duty ratio D output by the control algorithm module (5) is used as the input of the average inductive current correction module (3), and an average inductive current signal I is output through calculationLn；
The power supply voltage sampling signal u output by the signal sampling module (2)inAnd output voltage sampling signal uonAnd an average inductive current signal I output by the average inductive current correction module (3)LnThe mode monitoring module is used as the input of the mode monitoring module (4) and is used for judging the operation mode of the Buck converter (1); the operation modes of the Buck converter (1) comprise an inductive current discontinuous mode (DCM) and an inductive Current Continuous Mode (CCM);
the output signal of the mode monitoring module (4) is a mode a, and is used as the input of the control algorithm module (5) for controlling the switching of the method;
reference value u of output voltagerefAnd an output voltage sampling signal u output by the signal sampling module (2)onAverage inductive current signal I output by average inductive current correction module (3)LnThe mode a output by the mode monitoring module (4) is used as the input of the control algorithm module (5);
the output signal of the control algorithm module (5) comprises a duty ratio D and PWM, wherein the duty ratio D is used as the input of the average inductive current correction module (3); PWM is used as the input of the Buck converter (1) and is used for controlling the on-off of a power switch tube S;
the control algorithm module (5) comprises: the device comprises an outer ring hybrid control module (5-1), an inner ring PI control module (5-2) and a PWM generation module (5-3); reference value u of output voltagerefAnd output voltage sampling signal uonAnd the mode a is used as the input of an outer ring hybrid control module (5-1), Sliding Mode Control (SMC) or PI control is selected according to the switching condition, and an inductance current reference value i is outputLref(ii) a Reference value of inductor current iLrefAnd average inductor current signalNumber ILnThe input of the inner loop PI control module (5-2) is used for outputting a modulation wave signal through PI regulation; the modulation wave signal is sent to a PWM (pulse-width modulation) generation module (5-3) and a duty ratio D and PWM are output, wherein the duty ratio D is used as the input of an average inductive current correction module (3), and the PWM is used as the input of a Buck converter (1) and is used for controlling the on-off of a power switch tube S;
the average inductive current signal I of the output signal of the average inductive current correction module (3)LnThe calculation formula is as follows:
the mode judgment condition of the mode monitoring module (4) is as follows:
in the formula, T represents a switching period, and L represents inductance;
when the mode monitoring module (4) judges that the Buck converter (1) operates in the DCM, the output signal mode a is 0; when the mode monitoring module (4) judges that the Buck converter (1) operates in the CCM mode, the output signal mode a is 1;
the outer ring hybrid control module (5-1) controls the switching conditions of the method to be as follows: when the mode a changes from 1 to 0 or from 0 to 1, the outer-loop hybrid control module (5-1) immediately switches from PI control to SMC control, and outputs the voltage sampling signal u under SMC controlonWhen the steady state is recovered, the outer loop hybrid control module (5-1) immediately switches from SMC control to PI control.
2. The Buck converter linear and nonlinear hybrid control method according to claim 1, wherein: the power supply voltage sampling signal u output by the signal sampling module (2)inAnd output voltage sampling signal uonInductor current sampling signal iLnThe sampling is obtained by sampling at the middle point of the rising edge or the falling edge of the inductor current, the sampling period is T, and the sampling time is nT.
3. The Buck converter linear and nonlinear hybrid control method according to claim 1, wherein: an output pre-compensation switching structure is adopted in the outer ring hybrid control module (5-1); an outer ring hybrid control module (5-1) is assumed to output an inductive current reference value i under PI controlLrefAt the moment, the PI control output quantity is used as a reference value, the output quantity of SMC control is used as a feedback value, and the error quantity of the PI control output quantity and the output quantity of SMC control is used as the input of SMC control, so that the SMC control output quantity and the PI control output quantity are kept consistent at the moment, the SMC control output quantity is pre-compensated, and the stable switching of two control methods is realized when the PI control is switched to the SMC control; the outer ring hybrid control module (5-1) is assumed to output an inductive current reference value i under the control of SMCLrefAt the moment, the PI control output quantity is pre-compensated through the switching structure, so that the smooth switching of the two control methods is realized when the SMC control is switched to the PI control.
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| CN112671038A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-16 | 深圳市优优绿能电气有限公司 | Multivariable and multi-target PI double closed-loop control method and computer readable storage medium |
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| CN104184149A (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2014-12-03 | 上海电力学院 | Voltage fluctuation stabilizing method based on sliding mode control and super-capacitor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104184149A (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2014-12-03 | 上海电力学院 | Voltage fluctuation stabilizing method based on sliding mode control and super-capacitor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112671038A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-16 | 深圳市优优绿能电气有限公司 | Multivariable and multi-target PI double closed-loop control method and computer readable storage medium |
| CN112671038B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2023-09-15 | 深圳市优优绿能股份有限公司 | Multi-variable multi-target PI double closed-loop control method and storage medium |
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