CN111354084B - Network geographic information service system based on three-dimensional model tiles - Google Patents
Network geographic information service system based on three-dimensional model tiles Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/05—Geographic models
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/26—Visual data mining; Browsing structured data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/29—Geographical information databases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a network geographic information service system based on three-dimensional model tiles, which comprises a client, a structure database, a file database, a web server and a local cache server, wherein the client is connected with the structure database; the client is connected with the web server; the web server is connected to the structure database, the file database, and the local cache server. According to the invention, various visual data which needs to be displayed and comprises the three-dimensional model are divided into tiles according to the organization structure, the address information is stored in the structure database, and the file database is connected with the local cache server during calling, so that the three-dimensional model in the view range can be rapidly loaded, the loading speed and efficiency of the three-dimensional model are improved, and meanwhile, the user group of the network geographic information service system has better user experience.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of map service, in particular to a network geographic information service system based on three-dimensional model tiles.
Background
Geographic information systems (GIS, geographic Information System) are a comprehensive discipline, combining geography with graphics and remote sensing and computer science, and have been widely used in various fields, namely computer systems for inputting, storing, querying, analyzing and displaying geographic data, and in recent years, GIS have also been called "geographic information services" (Geographic Information service). The three-dimensional GIS is used for representing and displaying data after acquisition and calculation analysis. Three-dimensional data can show objective reality more than two-dimensional data because the display of space information is more visual, and the multidimensional space analysis function is more powerful.
WebGL (Web Graphics Library) is a 3D drawing protocol, which allows combining JavaScript with OpenGL ES 2.0, and by adding a JavaScript binding to OpenGL ES 2.0, webGL can provide hardware 3D accelerated rendering for HTML5 Canvas, so that Web developers can more smoothly expose 3D scenes and models in the browser with the help of system graphics cards, and can create complex navigation and data visualization. The WebGL technical standard avoids the trouble of developing a web-specific rendering plug-in, and can be used for creating web pages with complex 3D structures.
Three-dimensional model Tiles (3D Tiles) are three-dimensional model tile data structures that follow the OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium open geospatial information alliance) standard and are built on the basis of glTF model definitions. The purpose of 3D Tiles is to transmit massive heterogeneous three-dimensional geospatial datasets. However, the use of 3D Tiles is far greater than originally intended from a practical application perspective; the definition of the three-dimensional model Tiles by the 3D Tiles can be used for tiling any three-dimensional data. Currently, in addition to geospatial datasets, 3D Tiles can also represent tiled BIM (Building Information Model ) data through LOD (level of detail model). The application potential of 3D Tiles in GIS is as follows: mass buildings (appearance), mass three-dimensional terrains, BIM with complex structure, repeatable model examples (trees, facilities and the like), mass point clouds and mass vector data on three-dimensional balls.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a network geographic information service system based on three-dimensional model tiles, which solves the problems of slow loading, low efficiency and less loading data types of a 3D model in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a network geographic information service system based on three-dimensional model tiles comprises a client, a structure database, a file database, a web server and a local cache server; the client is connected with the web server and is used for sending a display request of the model data to the web server and receiving data information from the web server; the web server is connected with the structure database, the file database and the local cache server, and is used for receiving the request of the client, sending the request to the structure database and the file database according to the request of the client, receiving the network geographic information data in the structure database and the file database, sending the obtained network geographic information data to the client and simultaneously caching the network geographic information data on the local cache server.
Preferably, the network geographic information data includes topographic data, image data, point cloud data, oblique photography data, three-dimensional model data, refinement model BIM, and vector data.
Preferably, the network geographic information data is stored in a structure database and a file database after being sliced by adopting a slicing technology.
Preferably, the structure database is used for storing topography data, image data, point cloud data, oblique photography data, three-dimensional model data, a refinement model BIM and a tilefile address of vector data after slicing by a slicing technology; the file database is used for storing tile set data and tile files after slicing.
Preferably, the tile set data stores the spatial organization of all the tile files; the tilefile stores three-dimensional geographic information data of a single tile, including model data and attribute data.
Preferably, the step of displaying the visual model by the system is:
s1: determining a storage mode according to the data model:
s2: slicing the data model by using a slicing technology;
s3: storing the tile data structure in a structure database;
s4: storing the tile file in a file database;
s5: loading slices according to the view range of the user;
s6: and (5) caching the model slice loaded in the step S5 to the local.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, various data models such as topographic data, image data, point cloud data, oblique photographic data, a three-dimensional model, a refined model BIM, vector data and the like are sliced and stored in a database through a slicing technology, and when a client needs to be called, the data are cached to a local cache server, so that the loading speed and efficiency of the model data are improved, and the user experience is increased.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of the structure of the present invention, referring to fig. 1: a three-dimensional model tile-based network geographic information service system, comprising: client, structure database, file database, web server, local cache server. The client is connected with the web server, the web server is connected with the structure database, the file database and the local cache server, the structure database is connected with the web server, and the file database is connected with the web server.
The structure database is responsible for slicing models of various data types such as topographic data, image data, point cloud data, oblique photography data, a three-dimensional model, a refined model BIM, vector data and the like according to a space organization structure by using a slicing technology and storing tile file addresses. Upon receipt of a request from the web server side, address information of the required tile is returned. The spatial organization structure of the Data Model is divided into three levels, specifically, a first level is a tile type, including b3dm (patched 3D Model, batch 3D Model), i3dm (instant 3D Model, example 3D Model), pnts (Point Cloud), vtr (Vector Data), cmpt (Composite), and the like, a second level is a Model ID for calling, and a third level is a tile file corresponding to the Model.
And the file database stores the tile files according to an organization structure by utilizing the sqlite database. When a request from a web server side is received, the spatial organization structure of the tile files stored in the tile set data is found first, and then the required tile files are returned according to the content in the tile set data.
The client is responsible for sending a model data display request to the web server and receiving information from the web server.
The web server side is responsible for receiving a client request, sending the request to the structure database after processing and receiving the returned tile address information, then sending the request to the file database and receiving the returned tile file information, and sending the obtained data to the client side and caching the obtained data on the local cache server.
The local cache server is responsible for caching data from the web server side and displaying the data faster in later calls so as to improve data loading speed and efficiency.
The system displays the visual model by the steps of:
s1: determining a storage mode according to the data model: the data model comprises terrain data, image data, point cloud data, oblique photography data, three-dimensional model data, refined model BIM data and vector data. Determining a data model to be stored, slicing the data model, storing each sliced file (such as tile set data-tile set. Json, tile data-b 3dm, i3dm, pnts, vctr, cmpt and the like) in a file database, and storing the address of each file in a structure database;
s2: slicing the data model by using a slicing technology; slicing models of various data types according to model characteristics by using a slicing technology, wherein terrain tiles (such as three-dimensional terrain, three-dimensional point cloud data, BIM with complex structure and the like) store binary elevation point information, the data storage types are hash formats, folders are organized according to level/x/y.terrain, each slice stores an independent terrain file, a layer.json file is stored in a root directory, and image data (such as vector models and the like) store pictures after slicing. The organization structure of each tile and the tile file address are stored in a structure database, and the tile files are stored in a sqlite file database according to the organization structure.
S3: storing the tile data structure in a structure database;
s4: storing the tile file in a file database;
s5: loading slices according to the view range of the user; when loading, the OOC (Out Of Core) algorithm is adopted to load the tile data, the most recently requested tiles are loaded only in the scene needing to be rendered, the least recently requested tiles are removed preferentially, the tiles around the current view are preloaded, and the needed map tiles are cached on a local high-speed environment server, so that the processing efficiency and speed of model loading are improved.
S6: and (5) caching the model slice loaded in the step S5 to the local.
While loading data, determining a scale level of model presentation according to the line-of-sight range: when the line-of-sight interval is greater than 50km, the terrain elements are large-scale DEM data, when the line-of-sight interval is 5km-50km, the terrain elements are medium-scale DEM data, and when the line-of-sight interval is 1km-5km, the terrain elements are small-scale DEM data; when the line-of-sight interval is greater than 50km, the road elements are large-scale image data, when the line-of-sight interval is 5km-50km, the road elements are medium-scale DLG data, and when the line-of-sight interval is 1km-5km, the road elements are small-scale inclination model data; when the line-of-sight interval is greater than 50km, the residential area elements are large-scale image data, when the line-of-sight interval is 5km-50km, the residential area elements are mesoscale inclination model data, and when the line-of-sight interval is 1km-5km, the residential area elements are small-scale fine model data; the park station elements are mesoscale DOM and POI data when the line-of-sight interval is 200m-5km, and are small-scale inclination models, fine models and laser point cloud data when the line-of-sight interval is 10m-200 m; when the line-of-sight interval is 2km-10km, the building elements are mesoscale POI data, and when the line-of-sight interval is 50m-2km, the building elements are small-scale inclination model and fine model data.
According to the transformation of the three-dimensional view field, the angle and detail of the model are automatically adjusted, and according to the change of the height of the view angle, the height view angle of the model is automatically adjusted: the specific implementation is that the space range, the view angle height and the data are finely quantized into scale control factors to limit the scheduling of the scene to the data, when the scene is initialized, the view distance range is formulated through an editor, or the proper view distance range is acquired in a scene container through scene interaction, the plane boundary of the thematic scene is defined through the editor, the space range is transmitted to business service in the form of coordinates, the data exceeding the range are refused to be scheduled or cut, and when the space range changes caused by three-dimensional view field transformation and the view angle height changes caused by adjusting the view angle, the data are rescheduled.
The invention provides web loading service of three-dimensional model tiles, and adopts OOC (Out Of Core) algorithm to load tile data during loading, so as to remove elevation data which does not participate in drawing before loading into a memory. Only loading data on a scene needing rendering, firstly loading the most recently requested tiles, preferentially removing the least recently requested tiles, preloading tiles around the current view field, and caching the needed map tiles on a local high-speed environment server, thereby improving the processing efficiency and speed of model loading.
The invention loads data and determines the scale level of model display according to the sight distance range; according to the transformation of the three-dimensional view field, automatically adjusting the angle and detail of the model; and automatically adjusting the height visual angle of the model according to the change of the visual angle height. Through the view range positioning grid, the index is determined, tile data can be quickly searched, positioned and called, fusion is carried out, and the model is integrally displayed. The corresponding speed can be further increased if the local cache server has the required data while the data is being invoked. When the database updates tile data, the local cache server-related data is updated at the time of invocation. Thus, when a user needs a large amount of data call, the pressure of the network and the client can be relieved.
According to the invention, various data models such as topographic data, image data, point cloud data, oblique photographic data, a three-dimensional model, a refined model BIM, vector data and the like are sliced and stored in a database through a slicing technology, and when a client needs to be called, the data are cached to a local cache server, so that the loading speed and efficiency of the model data are improved, and the user experience is increased.
Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "an embodiment," "a preferred embodiment," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment described in general terms in the present application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, it is intended that such feature, structure, or characteristic be implemented within the scope of the invention.
Although the invention has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the scope and spirit of the principles of this disclosure. More specifically, various variations and modifications may be made to the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, drawings and claims of this application. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, other uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (1)
1. A network geographic information service system based on three-dimensional model tiles is characterized in that: comprising the following steps: the system comprises a client, a structure database, a file database, a web server and a local cache server; the client is connected with the web server, the web server is connected with the structure database, the file database and the local cache server, the structure database is connected with the web server, and the file database is connected with the web server;
the structure database is responsible for slicing the model of the terrain data, the image data, the point cloud data, the oblique photography data, the three-dimensional model, the refined model BIM and the vector data type according to the spatial organization structure by using a slicing technology and storing tile file addresses; returning address information of the required tile when receiving a request from a web server side; the spatial organization structure of the Data Model is divided into three layers, specifically, a first layer is a tile type and comprises b3dm, wherein b3dm is a patched 3D Model, a batch 3D Model and i3dm, wherein i3dm is an instant 3D Model, an example 3D Model and pnts, wherein pnts is a Point Cloud, a Point Cloud and a vctr, wherein vctr is Vector Data, vector Data and cmpt, wherein cmpt is Composite, composite Data, a second layer is a Model ID used for calling, and a third layer is a tile file corresponding to the Model;
the file database stores the tile files according to an organization structure by utilizing the sqlite database; when a request from a web server is received, firstly, a spatial organization structure of the tile files stored in the tile set data is found, and then the required tile files are returned according to the content in the tile set data;
the client is in charge of sending a model data display request to the web server and receiving information from the web server;
the web server side is responsible for receiving a client request, sending the request to the structure database after processing and receiving the returned tile address information, then sending the request to the file database and receiving the returned tile file information, and sending the obtained data to the client side and caching the obtained data on the local cache server;
the local cache server is responsible for caching data from the web server end and displaying the data faster in later calling so as to improve the data loading speed and efficiency;
the system displays the visual model by the steps of:
s1: determining a storage mode according to the data model: the data model comprises terrain data, image data, point cloud data, oblique photography data, three-dimensional model data, refined model BIM data and vector data; determining a data model to be stored, slicing the data model, storing tile set data-tileset.json, tile data-b 3dm and i3dm, pnts, vctr, cmpt of each sliced file in a file database, and storing the addresses of each file in a structure database;
s2: slicing the data model by using a slicing technology; slicing models of various data types according to model characteristics by using a slicing technology, wherein the topography tiles store binary elevation point information, the topography tiles are three-dimensional topography, three-dimensional point cloud data and BIM with complex structures, the data storage types are hash formats, folders are organized according to levels/x/y.terrain, each slice stores an independent terrain file, a layer.json file is stored in a root directory, and the vector models store pictures after slicing; the organization structure of each tile and the tile file address are stored in a structure database, and the tile files are stored in a sqlite file database according to the organization structure;
s3: storing the tile data structure in a structure database;
s4: storing the tile file in a file database;
s5: loading slices according to the view range of the user; when loading, loading tile data by using an OOC algorithm, loading the most recently requested tiles only in a scene needing rendering, preferentially removing the least recently requested tiles, preloading tiles around the current view, and caching the needed map tiles on a local high-speed environment server, thereby improving the processing efficiency and speed of model loading;
s6: caching the model slice loaded in the step S5 to the local;
while loading data, determining a scale level of model presentation according to the line-of-sight range: when the line-of-sight interval is greater than 50km, the terrain elements are large-scale DEM data, when the line-of-sight interval is 5km-50km, the terrain elements are medium-scale DEM data, and when the line-of-sight interval is 1km-5km, the terrain elements are small-scale DEM data; when the line-of-sight interval is greater than 50km, the road elements are large-scale image data, when the line-of-sight interval is 5km-50km, the road elements are medium-scale DLG data, and when the line-of-sight interval is 1km-5km, the road elements are small-scale inclination model data; when the line-of-sight interval is greater than 50km, the residential area elements are large-scale image data, when the line-of-sight interval is 5km-50km, the residential area elements are mesoscale inclination model data, and when the line-of-sight interval is 1km-5km, the residential area elements are small-scale fine model data; the park station elements are mesoscale DOM and POI data when the line-of-sight interval is 200m-5km, and are small-scale inclination models, fine models and laser point cloud data when the line-of-sight interval is 10m-200 m; building elements are mesoscale POI data when the line-of-sight interval is 2km-10km, and small-scale inclined model and fine model data when the line-of-sight interval is 50m-2 km;
according to the transformation of the three-dimensional view field, the angle and detail of the model are automatically adjusted, and according to the change of the height of the view angle, the height view angle of the model is automatically adjusted: the specific implementation is that the space range, the view angle height and the data are finely quantized into scale control factors to limit the scheduling of the scene to the data, when the scene is initialized, the view distance range is formulated through an editor, or the proper view distance range is acquired in a scene container through scene interaction, the plane boundary of the thematic scene is defined through the editor, the space range is transmitted to business service in the form of coordinates, the data exceeding the range are refused to be scheduled or cut, and when the space range changes caused by three-dimensional view field transformation and the view angle height changes caused by adjusting the view angle, the data are rescheduled.
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CN112150604B (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-07-19 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | Method and system for realizing full-automatic construction of three-dimensional scene based on two-dimensional data |
CN111986306A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-11-24 | 北京瑞晟成科技发展有限公司 | Integrated data display and simulation platform |
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