CN111349881A - Wide-temperature-range lubricating wear-resistant composite coating and preparation and spraying methods thereof - Google Patents
Wide-temperature-range lubricating wear-resistant composite coating and preparation and spraying methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
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- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
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- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/073—Metallic material containing MCrAl or MCrAlY alloys, where M is nickel, cobalt or iron, with or without non-metal elements
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Abstract
The invention provides a wide temperature range lubricating wear-resistant composite coating and preparation and spraying methods thereof, wherein the composite coating is AlCoCrFeNi-Ag-CaF2/BaF2The coating is prepared by weighing 5-20 wt.% of Ag powder and 5-20 wt.% of CaF according to the mass percentage2/BaF2Uniformly mixing eutectic powder and the balance of AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder by using a three-dimensional mixing instrument to obtain a spraying powder product; polishing, sandblasting and cleaning the stainless steel, mounting the stainless steel on a rotary table, and preheating; spraying a NiCrAlY metal bonding layer and AlCoCrFe on the surface of the stainless steel in sequenceA Ni-based composite coating. The preparation method is simple in preparation process, the prepared coating is high in compactness and bonding strength, has lower friction coefficient and wear rate in a wide temperature range of room temperature to 800 ℃, and can effectively improve the friction and wear in the high-temperature environment of modern industrial machinery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of coating materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a wide-temperature-range lubricating wear-resistant composite coating.
Background
The friction and wear is one of the main reasons for the failure of the parts, the antifriction performance of the parts determines the service stability, and the abrasion resistance determines the service life and reliability. With the development of modern technology, the service environment of key parts is more and more demanding, especially the service temperature is higher and higher, and the service temperature range is wider and wider. For example, a new generation of air bearings, which is known as aerospace black technology, is required to be in good service at different temperature ranges from room temperature to 800 ℃, and to have excellent wear resistance and friction reduction performance during start-stop.
The surface wear-resistant lubricating coating technology is an ideal method for solving the problem of wear resistance of parts at high temperature and in a wide temperature range, and can maintain excellent mechanical properties of a base material and meet the requirements of the parts on the properties; but also can effectively realize the functions of surface friction reduction and wear resistance. However, in the face of increasingly harsh high-temperature environment and comprehensive performance requirements, the existing surface anti-wear lubricating coating material has certain limitations. The nickel-based, cobalt-based and other solid solution coating materials are easy to soften at high temperature, and are seriously worn when the temperature is higher than 800 ℃; intermetallic compound-based coating materials such as nickel aluminum, iron aluminum and the like and ceramic-based coating materials such as carbide, nitride, oxide and the like have poor bonding strength with a matrix, and the prepared coating has poor compactness, is easy to crack, and has high equipment requirement and preparation cost. Except that the reinforcing phase and the auxiliary phase are adjusted and controlled in a targeted manner to make up for short plates of different wear-resistant lubricating coating materials; the development of the solid lubricating coating material with excellent comprehensive performance and a novel structure is another important way for meeting the requirements of smooth research and development and breakthrough of key technologies in the high-end field of China.
The high-entropy alloy is a multi-principal-element alloy with a unique structure, has lattice distortion effect, high-entropy effect, slow diffusion effect and composite effect which are not possessed by the traditional alloy, and has strength, wear resistance, high-temperature lubrication resistance which are superior to solid solutions of nickel base, cobalt base and the like, toughness and thermal expansion coefficient matching property with nickel/steel which are superior to intermetallic compounds of nickel aluminum, iron aluminum and the like-4mm3Per Nm (XieSY, Li RD, Yuan TC, et al. Effect of correct rate on microstructure and performance properties of AlCoCrFeNi high entry alloy produced by particulate plating a. well known in the art, Materials Characterization 154(2019) 169. well known in the art) has important application potential in wear resistant coatings. However, the AlCoCrFeNi high entropy alloy has a high coefficient of friction, and active transition group elements react with most of the lubricating phases easily. Therefore, the powder structure of the high-entropy alloy, the composition of the lubricating phase and the components of the intermediate bonding phase are selected in a targeted manner, the plasma spraying process is reasonably regulated and controlled, the preparation of the high-density, high-bonding-strength and strong-wear-resistant high-entropy alloy coating is ensured, the reaction of the lubricating phase and the high-entropy alloy is avoided, the effective friction reduction is realized, and the development of the field of wear-resistant lubricating coatings is realizedAnd the development of the high-performance anti-wear lubricating composite coating has very important value.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a wide-temperature-range lubricating wear-resistant AlCoCrFeNi-based composite coating, which solves the problems of high-temperature softening, low bonding strength and poor density of the conventional coating, eliminates the problem of complex reaction between a matrix phase and a lubricating phase, and finally prepares a high-density coating with excellent wide-temperature-range lubricating wear resistance.
In order to solve the problems, the preparation method of the wide-temperature-range lubricating wear-resistant AlCoCrFeNi-based composite coating adopts the following technical scheme:
a wide-temperature range lubricating wear-resistant composite coating is a plasma spraying coating, and the coating is AlCoCrFeNi-Ag-CaF2/BaF2And (4) coating.
A preparation method of a wide-temperature-range lubricating wear-resistant composite coating comprises the following steps: weighing AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder, Ag powder and CaF2/BaF2And (3) eutectic powder is mixed and then is put into a three-dimensional mixing instrument to be mixed for 5 hours to obtain a uniformly mixed powder product, and the surface of the metal bonding coating is sprayed by plasma.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step (2), the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder is spherical and has a particle size of 45-105 μm, and the ratio of each element in the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder is as follows: 20 at% Al-20 at% Co-20 at% Cr-20 at% Fe-20 at% Ni.
As a preferred embodiment, in the step (2), the Ag powder is spherical, the particle size is 45 to 105 μm, and the CaF2/BaF2The eutectic powder is granular and has a particle size of 38-75 μm.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step (2), the mass percentage of the Ag powder is 5 to 20%, and the CaF is2/BaF2The mass percentage of the eutectic powder is 5-20%, and the balance is AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder.
A spraying method of a wide temperature range lubricating wear-resistant composite coating comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder, Ag powder and CaF2/BaF2Putting the eutectic powder into a three-dimensional mixing instrument to be mixed for 5 hours to obtain a uniformly mixed powder product;
(2) polishing the surface of a metal object by using 800-mesh abrasive paper, ultrasonically cleaning to remove oil, then performing sand blasting treatment on the surface of the metal object by using a sand blasting machine, and cleaning the metal matrix subjected to sand blasting and coarsening by using pure acetone and ethanol;
(3) fixing the metal matrix treated in the step 2) on a plasma spraying turntable, and preheating the metal matrix, wherein the preheating temperature is 300-500 ℃;
(4) loading NiCrAlY powder into a powder feeder, uniformly spraying the metal matrix treated in the step 3) by adopting a plasma spraying process, and forming a metal bonding coating of NiCrAlY on the surface of the metal matrix, wherein the thickness of the metal bonding coating is 80-240 mu m;
(5) and (2) putting the powder prepared in the step (1) into a powder feeder, and uniformly spraying the powder on the metal bonding coating prepared in the step (4) by adopting a plasma spraying process to form an AlCoCrFeNi-based lubricating wear-resistant coating, wherein the spraying thickness is 300-700 mu m.
As a preferable embodiment, the NiCrAlY powder in the step 4) and the powder in the step 5) are dried in a vacuum drying box at the drying temperature of 40-60 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 1 × 10 before being added into a powder feeder-1～6×10-1Pa；
As a preferable embodiment, in the steps 4) and 5), plasma spraying parameters are the same and are respectively current of 450-550A, voltage of 50-55V, argon flow of 35-45L/min, hydrogen flow of 4.5-5.5L/min, spraying distance of 90-110 mm, powder feeding rate of 38-42 g/min, thickness of the metal bonding coating of 150 μm, and thickness of the AlCoCrFeNi-based lubricating wear-resistant coating of 450 μm.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step (4), the NiCrAlY powder is spherical and has a particle size of 53-106 μm.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step (2), after the metal object is sandblasted, the surface roughness Ra is 6 to 8 μm.
The phase composition of the coating was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD); the tissue morphology characteristics of the material were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM); bond strength testing is measured according to ASTM C633 standard requirements; the wear resistance of the alloy adopts a UMT high-temperature friction tester, and the wear-resistant material is Al with the diameter of 10mm2O3The test temperature of the ceramic ball was 20, 400, 800 ℃, the sliding rate was 0.105m/s, the load was 10N, and the test time was 60 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy is adopted as a matrix, and the excellent high-temperature softening resistance and high compactness of the coating are realized; using Ag to achieve a low temperature lubricating phase, CaF2/BaF2The eutectic realizes high-temperature lubrication; utilizing the low chemical affinity of Ag for transition group elements, and CaF2/BaF2The non-crystallization behavior of the eutectic in the plasma spraying quenching process solves the problem of lubrication failure caused by the reaction of the multi-principal-element alloy and the lubrication phase; the higher density (about 7.5 g/cm) of AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy is utilized3) And the excellent toughness of Ag, low porosity of the coating is realized; the powder is promoted to be better attached to the matrix by utilizing the preheating of the matrix, and meanwhile, the NiCrAlY coating is used as a middle bonding coating, and the thermal expansion difference between the coatings and between the coating and the matrix is controlled within a low influence range, so that the high bonding strength of the coating is realized, and the composite coating with high compactness, strong bonding, wide temperature range lubrication and wear resistance is obtained by combining the advantages.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the AlCoCrFeNi-based composite coating prepared by the invention basically has no obvious pores and cracks, has high density, bonding strength of not less than 45MPa, excellent high-temperature softening resistance, room-temperature hardness of 450HV, 800 ℃ hardness of 370HV, room-temperature friction coefficient of 0.45-0.55 and abrasion loss of 2.4-20.1 × 10-5mm3A coefficient of friction at 800 ℃ of 0.19 to 0.40 and an amount of wear of 3.5 to 7.9 × 10-5mm3and/Nm, has excellent comprehensive performance.
2. The AlCoCrFeNi-based composite coating has the advantages that the prices of Al element, Fe element and Cr element in the raw materials are lower than those of Ni element in a large proportion, and compared with a nickel-based coating which is in service in a high-temperature environment, the AlCoCrFeNi-based composite coating has low cost.
Drawings
FIGS. 1a, 1b and 1c show AlCoCrFeNi-Ag-CaF for spray coating according to examples 1 to 32/BaF2The micro-topography of the powder is shown in the figure 1a, 1b and 1c, wherein the micro-topography of the AlCoCrFeNi powder is shown in the figure, the micro-topography of the Ag powder is shown in the figure, and the micro-topography of the-CaF powder is shown in the figure2/BaF2A micro-topography of the powder;
FIG. 2 is the 80 wt% AlCoCrFeNi-10 wt% Ag-10 wt% CaF of example 12/BaF2XRD diffraction pattern of the composite coating;
FIG. 3 is the 80 wt% AlCoCrFeNi-10 wt% Ag-10 wt% CaF of example 12/BaF2Scanning electron microscopy histo-micrographs of the composite coating.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder adopted by the invention comprises the following elements in proportion: 20 at% Al-20 at% Co-20 at% Cr-20 at% Fe-20 at% Ni, AlCoCrFeNi high entropy alloy powder and Ag powder are spherical, the particle size is 45-105 μm, CaF2/BaF2The eutectic powder is granular, the granularity is 38-75 mu m, and the NiCrAlY powder is spherical, and the granularity is 53-106 mu m.
Example 1
A wide temperature range lubricating wear-resistant composite coating is a solid lubricating coating, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio of 80 wt% AlCoCrFeNi-10 wt% Ag-10 wt% CaF2/BaF2Weighing AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder, Ag powder and CaF according to mass ratio2/BaF2Eutectic powder, which is put into a three-dimensional mixing instrument to be mixed for 5 hours to obtain a uniformly mixed powder product;
(2) polishing S31008(06Cr25Ni20) stainless steel by using 800-mesh sand paper, ultrasonically cleaning to remove oil, then performing sand blasting treatment on the surface of the stainless steel by using a sand blasting machine, wherein the surface roughness is 7 mu m after sand blasting, and cleaning a coarsened stainless steel substrate by using pure acetone and ethanol;
(3) fixing the stainless steel substrate treated in the step (2) on a plasma spraying turntable, and preheating the substrate at the preheating temperature of 400 ℃;
(4) drying NiCrAlY powder in a vacuum drying oven at 50 deg.C under vacuum degree of 1 × 10-1Pa, then loading the substrate into a powder feeder, uniformly spraying the substrate treated in the step 3) by adopting a plasma spraying process to form a NiCrAlY metal bonding coating on the surface of the substrate, wherein the coating thickness is 150 mu m, the spraying process comprises the steps of current 500A, voltage 50V, argon flow 40L/min, hydrogen flow 5L/min, spraying distance 100mm and powder feeding rate 40 g/min;
(5) drying the powder prepared in the step 1) in a vacuum drying oven at the drying temperature of 40 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 2 × 10-1Pa, then loading the powder into a powder feeder, and uniformly spraying the metal bonding coating prepared in the step 4) by adopting a plasma spraying process to form an AlCoCrFeNi-based lubricating wear-resistant coating with the thickness of 450 mu m, wherein the spraying process comprises the steps of current 500A, voltage 50V, argon flow 40L/min, hydrogen flow 5L/min, spraying distance 100mm and powder feeding rate 40 g/min.
80 wt% AlCoCrFeNi-10 wt% Ag-10 wt% CaF prepared in this example2/BaF2The composite coating phase composition is shown in FIG. 1a, FIG. 1b and FIG. 1c, only the BCC phase AlCoCrFeNi, the FCC Ag phase and CaF2/BaF2The phase, matrix phase and lubricating phase do not have obvious reaction; the organization structure is shown in figure 2, the compactness of the coating is high, no obvious cracks and pores exist, and the interface between the matrix phase and the lubricating phase is clear; the bonding strength of the coating is 51 MPa; the hardness, coefficient of friction and wear rate of the coating at room temperature, 400 ℃ and 800 ℃ are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 table of coating performance data for example 1
| Hardness (HV) | Coefficient of friction | Wear rate (× 10)-5mm3/Nm) | |
| At room temperature | 452 | 0.52 | 2.4 |
| 400℃ | 415 | 0.36 | 22 |
| 800℃ | 375 | 0.30 | 7.5 |
Example 2
A wide temperature range lubricating wear-resistant composite coating is a solid lubricating coating, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio of 80 wt% AlCoCrFeNi-5 wt% Ag-15 wt% CaF2/BaF2Weighing AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder, Ag powder and CaF according to mass ratio2/BaF2Eutectic powder, which is put into a three-dimensional mixing instrument to be mixed for 5 hours to obtain a uniformly mixed powder product;
(2) polishing S31008(06Cr25Ni20) stainless steel by using 800-mesh abrasive paper, ultrasonically cleaning to remove oil, then performing sand blasting treatment on the surface of the stainless steel by using a sand blasting machine, wherein the surface roughness is 6 mu m after sand blasting, and cleaning a coarsened stainless steel substrate by using pure acetone and ethanol;
(3) fixing the stainless steel substrate treated in the step 2) on a plasma spraying turntable, and preheating the substrate at the preheating temperature of 300 ℃;
(4) drying NiCrAlY powder in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 3 × 10-1Pa, then loading the substrate into a powder feeder, uniformly spraying the substrate treated in the step 3) by adopting a plasma spraying process to form a NiCrAlY metal bonding coating on the surface of the substrate, wherein the thickness of the coating is 80 mu m, the spraying process comprises the steps of current 550A, voltage 55V, argon flow rate of 45L/min, hydrogen flow rate of 5.5L/min, spraying distance of 110mm and powder feeding rate of 42 g/min;
(5) drying the powder prepared in the step 1) in a vacuum drying oven at the drying temperature of 40 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 4 × 10-1Pa, then loading the powder into a powder feeder, and uniformly spraying the metal bonding coating prepared in the step 4) by adopting a plasma spraying process to form an AlCoCrFeNi-based composite coating, wherein the thickness of the coating is 700 mu m, the spraying process comprises the steps of current 520A, voltage 52V, argon flow rate of 37L/min, hydrogen flow rate of 4.7L/min, spraying distance of 95mm and powder feeding rate of 39 g/min.
80 wt% AlCoCrFeNi-5 wt% Ag-15 wt% CaF prepared in this example2/BaF2As shown in FIGS. 1a, 1b and 1c, only the BCC phase AlCoCrFeNi, FCC Ag phase and CaF2/BaF2The phases, matrix phase and lubricant phase do not react significantly. The composite coating has high compactness and no obvious cracks and pores,the interface between the matrix phase and the lubricating phase is clear; the bonding strength of the coating is 45 MPa; the friction coefficient and wear rate of the coating at room temperature, 400 ℃ and 800 ℃ are shown in table 2.
Table 2 table of coating performance data for example 2
| Coefficient of friction | Wear rate (× 10)-5mm3/Nm) | |
| At room temperature | 0.55 | 20.1 |
| 400℃ | 0.47 | 22.7 |
| 800℃ | 0.19 | 7.9 |
Example 3
A wide temperature range lubricating wear-resistant composite coating is a solid lubricating coating, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio of 75 wt% AlCoCrFeNi-20 wt% Ag-5 wt% CaF2/BaF2Weighing AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder, Ag powder and CaF according to mass ratio2/BaF2Eutectic powder, which is put into a three-dimensional mixing instrument to be mixed for 5 hours to obtain a uniformly mixed powder product;
(2) polishing S31008(06Cr25Ni20) stainless steel by using 800-mesh sand paper, ultrasonically cleaning to remove oil, then performing sand blasting treatment on the surface of the stainless steel by using a sand blasting machine, wherein the surface roughness is 8 mu m after sand blasting, and cleaning a coarsened stainless steel substrate by using pure acetone and ethanol;
(3) fixing the stainless steel substrate treated in the step 2) on a plasma spraying turntable, and preheating the substrate at the preheating temperature of 500 ℃;
(4) drying NiCrAlY powder in a vacuum drying oven at 60 deg.C under vacuum degree of 6 × 10-1Pa, then loading the substrate into a powder feeder, uniformly spraying the substrate treated in the step 3) by adopting a plasma spraying process to form a NiCrAlY metal bonding coating on the surface of the substrate, wherein the coating thickness is 240 mu m, the spraying process comprises the steps of current 450A, voltage 50V, argon flow 35L/min, hydrogen flow 4.5L/min, spraying distance 90mm and powder feeding rate 38 g/min;
(5) drying the powder prepared in the step (1) in a vacuum drying oven at the drying temperature of 55 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 4 × 10-1Pa, then loading the powder into a powder feeder, and uniformly spraying the metal bonding coating prepared in the step 4) by adopting a plasma spraying process to form an AlCoCrFeNi-based composite coating with the thickness of 300 mu m, wherein the spraying process comprises current 470A, voltage 53V, argon flow 43L/min, hydrogen flow 5.3L/min, spraying distance 105mm and powder feeding rate 41 g/min.
75 wt% AlCoCrFeNi-20 wt% Ag-5 wt% CaF prepared in this example2/BaF2The composite coating has only BCC phase AlCoCrFeNi, FCC Ag phase and CaF as shown in FIG. 1a, FIG. 1b and FIG. 1c2/BaF2The phases, matrix phase and lubricant phase do not react significantly. The compactness is high, no obvious crack and pore are generated, the interface between the matrix phase and the lubricating phase is clear, the bonding strength is 47MPa, and the friction coefficient and the wear rate of the coating at room temperature, 400 ℃ and 800 ℃ are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 table of coating performance data for example 3
| Coefficient of friction | Wear rate (× 10)-5mm3/Nm) | |
| At room temperature | 0.45 | 7.3 |
| 400℃ | 0.42 | 12.3 |
| 800℃ | 0.40 | 3.5 |
As can be seen from Table 3, 75 wt% AlCoCrFeNi-20 wt% Ag-5 wt% CaF prepared in this example2/BaF2The composite coating has lower wear rate and friction coefficient at high temperature.
Examples 1 to 3 provide that the surface treatment method can be applied not only to metal surfaces of other stainless steels, aluminum alloys, high temperature alloys, etc., and is the same as the treatment method of S31008(06Cr25Ni20) stainless steel in each example.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the AlCoCrFeNi-based composite coating prepared by the invention basically has no obvious pores and cracks, has high density, bonding strength of not less than 45MPa, excellent high-temperature softening resistance, room-temperature hardness of 450HV, 800 ℃ hardness of 370HV, room-temperature friction coefficient of 0.45-0.55 and abrasion loss of 2.4-20.1 × 10-5mm3A coefficient of friction at 800 ℃ of 0.19 to 0.40 and an amount of wear of 3.5 to 7.9 × 10-5mm3Nm, excellent healdAnd (4) synthesizing the performance.
2. The AlCoCrFeNi-based composite coating has the advantages that the prices of Al element, Fe element and Cr element in the raw materials are lower than those of Ni element in a large proportion, and compared with a nickel-based coating which is in service in a high-temperature environment, the AlCoCrFeNi-based composite coating has low cost.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The wide temperature range lubricating wear-resistant composite coating is characterized in that the composite coating is AlCoCrFeNi-Ag-CaF2/BaF2And (4) coating.
2. The preparation method of the wide-temperature-range lubricating wear-resistant composite coating as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: weighing AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder, Ag powder and CaF2/BaF2And (3) eutectic powder is mixed and then is put into a three-dimensional mixing instrument to be mixed for 5 hours to obtain a uniformly mixed powder product, and the surface of the metal bonding coating is sprayed by plasma.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder is spherical and has a particle size of 45-105 μm, and the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder contains the following elements in percentage by atom: 20 at% Al-20 at% Co-20 at% Cr-20 at% Fe-20 at% Ni.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the Ag powder is spherical, the particle size is 45-105 μm, and the CaF is2/BaF2The eutectic powder is granular and has a particle size of 38-75 μm.
5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein in the step (2), the Ag powder is present in an amount of 5 to 20% by mass,the CaF2/BaF2The mass percentage of the eutectic powder is 5-20%, and the balance is AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder.
6. The spraying method of the wide-temperature-range lubricating wear-resistant composite coating as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) weighing AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder, Ag powder and CaF2/BaF2Putting the eutectic powder into a three-dimensional mixing instrument to be mixed for 5 hours to obtain a uniformly mixed powder product;
(2) polishing the surface of a metal object by using 800-mesh abrasive paper, ultrasonically cleaning to remove oil, then performing sand blasting treatment on the surface of the metal object by using a sand blasting machine, and cleaning the metal matrix subjected to sand blasting and coarsening by using pure acetone and ethanol;
(3) fixing the metal matrix treated in the step 2) on a plasma spraying turntable, and preheating the metal matrix, wherein the preheating temperature is 300-500 ℃;
(4) loading NiCrAlY powder into a powder feeder, uniformly spraying the metal matrix treated in the step 3) by adopting a plasma spraying process, and forming a metal bonding coating of NiCrAlY on the surface of the metal matrix, wherein the thickness of the metal bonding coating is 80-240 mu m;
(5) and (2) putting the powder prepared in the step (1) into a powder feeder, and uniformly spraying the powder on the metal bonding coating prepared in the step (4) by adopting a plasma spraying process to form an AlCoCrFeNi-based lubricating wear-resistant coating, wherein the spraying thickness is 300-700 mu m.
7. The spraying method according to claim 6, wherein the NiCrAlY powder in the step 4) and the powder in the step 5) are dried in a vacuum drying box at the drying temperature of 40-60 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 1 × 10 before being added into a powder feeder-1～6×10-1Pa。
8. The spraying method as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the steps 4) and 5), plasma spraying parameters are the same, and the plasma spraying parameters are respectively current 450-550A, voltage 50-55V, argon flow 35-45L/min, hydrogen flow 4.5-5.5L/min, spraying distance 90-110 mm, powder feeding rate 38-42 g/min, thickness of the metal bonding coating is 150 μm, and thickness of the AlCoCrFeNi-based lubricating wear-resistant coating is 450 μm.
9. The spraying method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein in the step (4), the NiCrAlY powder is spherical and has a particle size of 53-106 μm.
10. The spray coating method according to claim 9, wherein in the step (2), the metal object has a surface roughness Ra of 6 to 8 μm after the sand blasting.
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| CN111979009A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-24 | 北京工业大学 | Modified nano composite for low-carbon low-alloy steel welding wire without copper plating and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111979009A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-24 | 北京工业大学 | Modified nano composite for low-carbon low-alloy steel welding wire without copper plating and preparation method thereof |
| CN112662977A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-04-16 | 苏州科技大学 | Preparation method of thermal spraying Ni-based alloy self-lubricating coating |
| CN113881884A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-01-04 | 华东理工大学 | Long-life antioxidant high-entropy bonding layer material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113737177A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-03 | 上海电机学院 | High-temperature wear-resistant self-lubricating side guide plate lining plate and processing method thereof |
| CN115466921A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-12-13 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Preparation method of temperature-adaptive lubricating wear-resistant metal coating |
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| CN115110030A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-09-27 | 河南科技大学 | Cerium-doped high-entropy alloy nitride coating and preparation method thereof |
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