CN111349660B - Preparation method of long-chain dibasic acid - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of long-chain dibasic acid, which solves the technical problems of high cost, low conversion rate and low yield of the long-chain dibasic acid prepared by the existing fermentation method, and comprises the following steps: (1) inoculating a glycerol seed tube containing the cryopreserved strain into a shake flask filled with a culture medium to obtain a seed solution, and putting the seed solution into the shake flask filled with a primary seed culture medium to prepare a primary seed solution; (2) putting the primary seed liquid into a secondary seed culture medium in a main bottle to prepare a secondary seed liquid; (3) adjusting the pH value of the fermentation liquor to 4-6, setting the stirring speed, temperature and ventilation quantity required by fermentation, putting the secondary seed liquor into a fermentation tank filled with a fermentation culture medium, supplementing glucose, adjusting the pH value to 6.8-7.2, performing fed-batch fermentation, and adjusting the pH value to 7.3-7.6 until the fermentation is finished to obtain the long-chain dicarboxylic acid. The method can be widely applied to the field of preparation of long-chain dicarboxylic acids.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biochemical engineering, in particular to a preparation method of long-chain dicarboxylic acid.
Background
The long-chain dibasic acid can be used for synthesizing engineering plastics, artificial nylon, lubricating oil, detergents, emulsifying agents, artificial musk, hot melt adhesive, cold-resistant plasticizers, resins and the like, and is widely applied to industries such as industry, agriculture, medicine and health and the like.
The production of the dibasic acid is firstly synthesized by a chemical method, the synthesis steps are complex, high temperature and high pressure are required, and the condition requirement is strict; and the chemical synthesis method cannot synthesize the dibasic acid with longer carbon chain. The synthesis of long-chain dibasic acid by a fermentation method is started in the 70 s, and the method has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, strong reaction specificity and wide raw material sources, so that the production of the long-chain dibasic acid by the fermentation method is generally regarded as important at home and abroad.
At present, the technical patent for producing long-chain dibasic acid at home and abroad mainly takes alkane and fatty acid derivatives as substrates to produce the long-chain dibasic acid by fermentation, and the alkane is obtained from petroleum, belongs to non-renewable resources and has larger price fluctuation; the fatty acid derivatives can be obtained from the starting products extracted from animal and plant tissues by processing, which is a renewable resource but expensive. The use of alkanes and fatty acid derivatives as substrates for the production of diacids is of low interest. The long-chain fatty acid and the fatty alcohol are cheaper than the fatty acid derivative, but the long-chain fatty acid and the fatty alcohol have higher melting points, are solid or easy to crystallize at normal temperature, and are inconvenient to add.
Chinese patent application No. 201110168672.X discloses a process for converting alkanes, fatty acids and fatty acid derivatives into corresponding dibasic acids, but the experiments were in the shake flask stage, and no mention is made in the examples of the process for converting fatty acids into long chain dibasic acids.
Chinese patent application No. 200410018255.7, discloses a method for converting oleic acid to DC 18. But oleic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid and is liquid at normal temperature, so that the problem of feeding is solved. The product is unsaturated long-chain dicarboxylic acid, and the property and the quality of the product are completely different from those of the saturated long-chain dicarboxylic acid.
Because of serious bubbles in the fermentation process, the fermentation cannot be normally carried out, and no practical example of producing the lauric acid (the twelve-carbon saturated dicarboxylic acid) by fermenting the lauric alcohol (the twelve-carbon saturated fatty alcohol) serving as the raw material exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel preparation method for producing long-chain dicarboxylic acid by fermenting renewable raw materials, aiming at solving the technical problems of high cost, low conversion rate and low yield in the existing fermentation method for preparing long-chain dicarboxylic acid.
The strain used in the fermentation method is Candida, and is classified and named as Candida (Candida sp.) TDTC 002; the preservation organization is China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) with the address of No. 10 Hospital No. 3 of Xilu No. 1 of Suzhou of the sunward area in Beijing, China academy of sciences; the preservation date is 3 months and 18 days 2014, and the preservation numbers are as follows: CGMCC No. 8927. The above strains are described in the Chinese patent specification having patent No. 201410175548X and publication No. CN 105018357B.
Therefore, the invention provides a preparation method of long-chain dicarboxylic acid, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a first-level seed solution: inoculating a glycerol seed tube containing a cryopreserved strain into a shake flask filled with a culture medium, culturing for 12-24 hours to obtain a seed solution, putting the seed solution into the shake flask filled with a primary seed culture medium, and culturing for 6-20 hours to obtain a primary seed solution;
(2) preparing a secondary seed solution: putting the primary seed liquid prepared in the step (1) into a shake flask filled with a secondary seed culture medium, and culturing for 8-24 h to prepare a secondary seed liquid;
(3) feeding and fermenting: adjusting the pH value of the fermentation liquor to 4-6, setting the stirring speed, temperature and ventilation volume required by fermentation, putting the secondary seed liquid prepared in the step (2) into a fermentation tank filled with a fermentation culture medium, supplementing glucose, adjusting the pH value to 6.8-7.2, performing fed-batch fermentation, adjusting the pH value to 7.3-7.6 until the fermentation is finished, and preparing the long-chain dicarboxylic acid.
Preferably, in the step (1), the primary seed culture medium comprises 5-12 g/LKH2PO44-12 g/L of sucrose, 1-10 g/L of yeast extract, 1-4 g/L of urea and 0-40 ml/L of heavy wax oil;
in the step (2), the components of the secondary seed culture medium are 5-12 g/LKH2PO44-12 g/L of sucrose, 1-10 g/L of yeast extract, 1-4 g/L of urea and 0-50 ml/L of heavy wax oil;
in the step (3), the fermentation medium comprises 6-12 g/LKH2PO45-15 g/L sucrose, 1-10 g/L yeast extract, 1-5 g/L urea, 5-50 g/L corn steep liquor, 0-5 g/L NaCl, 4-14 g/LKNO31-5 g/L of Tween 60 and 0.1-5% of defoaming agent.
Preferably, in the step (3), the stirring speed is 300-750 rpm, the temperature is 29-31 ℃, and the ventilation volume is 0.5-2 VVM.
Preferably, in the step (3), the fed-batch fermentation is a mixed solution fermentation of lauryl alcohol and ethanol or a lauryl alcohol fermentation.
Preferably, in the step (3), during the feeding fermentation, the feeding speed is 4ml to 7ml/h at 18h to 24h, 1ml to 5ml/h at 24h to 30h, 7ml to 15ml/h at 30h to 50h, 4ml to 8ml/h at 50h to 100h, and 2ml to 5ml/h at 100h to 166 h.
Preferably, the total time of the fed-batch fermentation in the step (3) is 116-186 h, and the feeding is stopped 5-20 h before the fermentation is finished.
Preferably, when the fed-batch fermentation is carried out in the step (3), feeding and stopping are required, the stopping times are 1-4 times, and the stopping time is 0.2-3 hours.
Preferably, the long-chain dibasic acid is a dibasic acid having twelve or more carbons.
Preferably, the lauryl alcohol is in liquid state, and the feeding mode is fed-batch mode.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the ethanol solution to the lauryl alcohol is 1: 7.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, lauryl alcohol is used as a substrate for fermentation conversion, the melting point of the lauryl alcohol is 24 ℃, the lauryl alcohol is easy to crystallize at a lower temperature, soap-like foam is easily generated in the flow addition process of the lauryl alcohol, and all known antifoaming agents have no antifoaming effect. Therefore, the substrate state is optimized by adopting a new strain Candida sp.CGMCC 8927, the fed-batch of lauryl alcohol is further completed by adjusting the feeding speed and the pH value, the acid production concentration is more than 120g/kg when 115 hours exist, and the conversion rate reaches 70%.
(2) Taking a mixed solution of lauryl alcohol and ethanol solution as a raw material for supplementary material fermentation, wherein the ratio of lauryl alcohol to ethanol solution is as follows: ethanol ═ 7: 1 hour, the foaming can be effectively controlled, and the fermentation is completed. Experiments prove that no foaming is caused after 70 hours, and the feeding speed is uniform.
(3) When the lauryl alcohol which is kept in a liquid state above the melting point is used as a raw material for feeding and fermenting, the feeding rate is adjusted, and the foaming can also be controlled to finish the fermentation. Experiments prove that no foaming occurs after 80 hours, and the feeding speed is uniform.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the feed rate in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is the feed rate in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the feed rate in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better understood from the following examples. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the description of the embodiments is only for illustrating the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention as described in the claims.
Example 1
(1) Preparing a first-level seed solution: freezing glycerol frozen tube (seed tube) of CGMCC 8927 strain, inoculating into 500ml shake flask containing 50ml YPD culture medium (yeast extract 5g/L, peptone 10g/L, and glucose 10g/L), shake culturing at 30 deg.C and 250rpm for 18h, inoculating 5ml seed solution into 50ml primary seed culture medium (KH)2PO45g/L, 4g/L of sucrose, 1g/L of yeast extract, 1g/L of urea, 40ml/L of heavy wax oil, and sterilizing at 115 ℃ for 30min), and performing shake culture at 30 ℃ and 250rpm for 6 h;
(2) preparing a secondary seed solution: inoculating 10ml of the shaken first-class seeds into a medium containing 40ml of second-class seeds (KH)2PO412g/L, 12g/L sucrose, 10g/L yeast extract, 4g/L urea, 50ml/L heavy wax oil, sterilizing at 115 deg.C for 30min), and shake culturing at 30 deg.C and 250rpm for 24h to obtain secondary seed solution.
(3) Feeding and fermenting the mixed solution of lauryl alcohol and ethanol as a raw material: inoculating 200ml of the second-stage seed liquid into 1.5L fermentation medium (KH)2PO49g/L, 10g/L of cane sugar, 5.5g/L of yeast extract, 3g/L of urea, 25g/L of corn steep liquor, 2.5g/L of NaCl and KNO39g/L, tween 603 g/L, antifoam 2.5%, sterilized at 115 ℃ for 15min) is added, before inoculation, the pH value of the fermentation broth is adjusted to 4, untilAt 31 ℃, the rotation speed is 750rpm, the ventilation rate is 1VVM, glucose starts to be supplemented after 6h, the speed is 2g/h, the glucose feeding is stopped after 14h, then the pH value of the fermentation liquor is slowly adjusted to 7.20 within 3h, a normal-temperature mixed solution of lauryl alcohol and ethanol (V (ethanol): V (lauryl alcohol): 1:7) starts to be supplemented when 18h, and the specific feeding rate is shown in figure 1.
Adjusting the pH value to 7.30 within 70h, adjusting the pH value to 7.60 within 120h, stopping supplementing the mixed solution of lauryl alcohol and ethanol within 20h before the fermentation is finished, wherein the total fermentation time is 186h, the total volume of the supplemented mixed solution is 800ml, the acid production concentration is 129g/kg, and the conversion rate is 68.7%.
Example 2
(1) Preparing a first-level seed solution: inoculating frozen glycerol cryopreservation tube (seed tube) of CGMCC 8927 strain into 500ml shake flask containing 50ml YPD culture medium (yeast extract 5g/L, peptone 10g/L, glucose 10g/L), and shake culturing at 30 deg.C and 250rpm for 12 hr; inoculating 5ml of the seed solution into 50ml of first-class seed culture medium (KH)2PO412g/L of sucrose, 12g/L of cane sugar, 10g/L of yeast extract, 4g/L of urea and 20ml/L of heavy wax oil, and sterilizing at 115 ℃ for 30min), and performing shake culture at 30 ℃ and 250rpm for 20 h;
(2) preparing a secondary seed solution: inoculating 10ml of the shaken first-class seeds into a medium containing 40ml of second-class seeds (KH)2PO46g/L, 8g/L of sucrose, 5g/L of yeast extract, 2.5g/L of urea, 25ml/L of heavy wax oil and sterilization at 115 ℃ for 30min), and performing shake culture at 30 ℃ and 250rpm for 16h to prepare a secondary seed solution;
(3) liquid lauryl alcohol is used as a raw material for supplementary fermentation: inoculating 200ml of the second-stage seed liquid into 1.5L fermentation medium (KH)2PO46g/L, 5g/L of cane sugar, 1g/L of yeast extract, 1g/L of urea, 5g/L of corn steep liquor, 2.5g/L of NaCl, KNO34g/L, 601 g/L of Tween, 0.1 percent of antifoaming agent and sterilized for 15min at 115 ℃), adjusting the pH value of the fermentation liquor to 5 before inoculation, rotating at 30 ℃ and 525rpm, ventilating at 0.1VVM, beginning to supplement glucose after 6h at the speed of 2g/h, stopping adding glucose after 14h, slowly adjusting the pH value of the fermentation liquor to 7.20 within 3h, and beginning to supplement lauryl alcohol when 19hThe feeding device is arranged in a device with the heat preservation function at 45 ℃), and the concrete feeding speed is shown in figure 2.
Adjusting the pH value to 7.30 within 70h, adjusting the pH value to 7.50 within 100h, stopping supplementing lauryl alcohol within 5h before the end of fermentation, wherein the total fermentation time is 124h, the lauryl alcohol is supplemented by 580ml, the acid production concentration is 129g/kg, and the conversion rate is 70%.
Example 3
(1) Preparing a first-level seed solution: inoculating frozen glycerol cryopreservation tube (seed tube) of CGMCC 8927 strain into 500ml shake flask containing 50ml YPD culture medium (yeast extract 5g/L, peptone 10g/L, glucose 10g/L), and shake culturing at 30 deg.C and 250rpm for 24 hr; inoculating 5ml of the above seed solution into 50ml of first-class seed culture medium (KH)2PO46g/L, 8g/L of sucrose, 5g/L of yeast extract, 2.5g/L of urea and 40ml/L of heavy wax oil, and sterilizing at 115 ℃ for 30min), and performing shake culture at 30 ℃ and 250rpm for 13 h;
(2) preparing a secondary seed solution: inoculating 10ml of the shaken first-class seeds into a medium containing 40ml of second-class seeds (KH)2PO45g/L, 4g/L of sucrose, 1g/L of yeast extract, 1g/L of urea and 50ml/L of heavy wax oil, sterilizing at 115 ℃ for 30min), and performing shake culture at 30 ℃ and 250rpm for 8h to prepare a secondary seed solution;
(3) feeding and fermenting the mixed solution of lauryl alcohol and ethanol as a raw material: inoculating 200ml of the second-stage seed liquid into 1.5L fermentation medium (KH)2PO412g/L, 15g/L of cane sugar, 10g/L of yeast extract, 5g/L of urea, 50g/L of corn steep liquor, 5g/L of NaCl and KNO314g/L, 605 g/L of Tween, 5% of antifoaming agent and sterilized at 115 ℃ for 15min), adjusting the pH value of the fermentation liquor to 6 before inoculation, rotating at 29 ℃ and 300rpm, ventilating at 2VVM, starting to supplement glucose after 6h, controlling the speed to be 2g/h, stopping adding glucose after 14h, slowly adjusting the pH value of the fermentation liquor to 7.20 within 3h, and starting to supplement normal-temperature mixed solution of lauryl alcohol and ethanol (V (ethanol): v (lauryl alcohol) ═ 1:7), the feed rates specified are shown in fig. 3.
Adjusting the pH value to 7.30 within 67h, adjusting the pH value to 7.40 within 90h, adjusting the pH value to 7.60 within 110h, stopping lauryl alcohol supplement within 5h before the fermentation is finished, wherein the total fermentation time is 116h, the volume of the added mixed solution is 620ml, the acid production concentration is 124g/kg, and the conversion rate is 71.57%.
And (4) conclusion:
(1) according to example 1 and example 3, the example shows that the conversion rate is lower than that of example 3 while the example shows that the conversion rate is higher with high feeding, and the example 3 shows that the conversion rate is higher with low feeding, but the yield is lower than that of example 1.
(2) Lauryl alcohol: ethanol ═ 7: 1, the fermentation can be completed by controlling foaming, but the volume is smaller and the conversion rate is higher.
(3) When the lauryl alcohol which is kept in a liquid state above the melting point is used as a raw material for feeding and fermenting, the feeding rate is adjusted, the foaming can be controlled, the fermentation is completed, the conversion rate is higher, no foaming is generated after 80 hours, and the feeding rate is uniform.
(4) During the process, a large amount of bubbles still exist in 60 to 100 hours, the material feeding needs to be stopped, the material feeding can be continued after the lauryl alcohol is converted into the lauric acid, the pause time is 1 to 4 times, and the time duration of each time is 0.2 to 3 hours.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the long-chain dicarboxylic acid is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) preparing a first-level seed solution: inoculating a glycerol seed tube containing a cryopreserved strain into a shake flask filled with a culture medium, culturing for 12-24 hours to obtain a seed solution, putting the seed solution into the shake flask filled with a primary seed culture medium, and culturing for 6-20 hours to obtain a primary seed solution; the strain has a preservation number of: CGMCC number 8927, classified and named Candida (Candida sp.) TDTC 002; (2) preparing a secondary seed solution: putting the primary seed solution prepared in the step (1) into a shake flask filled with a secondary seed culture medium, and culturing for 8-24 h to prepare a secondary seed solution; (3) feeding and fermenting: adjusting the pH value of fermentation liquor to 4-6, setting stirring speed, temperature and ventilation quantity required by fermentation, putting the secondary seed liquid prepared in the step (2) into a fermentation tank filled with a fermentation culture medium, supplementing glucose, adjusting the pH value to 6.8-7.2, performing fed-batch fermentation, adjusting the pH value to 7.3-7.6, and preparing long-chain dibasic acid until the fermentation is finished; the supplementary fermentation is mixed solution fermentation of lauryl alcohol and ethanol or lauryl alcohol fermentation; the volume ratio of the ethanol solution to the lauryl alcohol is 1: 7; the lauryl alcohol is in a liquid state; and (3) during feeding fermentation, feeding and stopping, wherein feeding is continued after the lauryl alcohol is converted into the lauric acid, the stopping time is 1-4 times, the stopping time is 0.2-3 hours, and the final product is the lauric acid.
2. The method for preparing long-chain dicarboxylic acid according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the primary seed culture medium comprises 5-12 g/LKH2PO44-12 g/L of sucrose, 1-10 g/L of yeast extract, 1-4 g/L of urea and 0-40 ml/L of heavy wax oil; in the step (2), the secondary seed culture medium comprises 5-12 g/LKH2PO44-12 g/L of sucrose, 1-10 g/L of yeast extract, 1-4 g/L of urea and 0-50 ml/L of heavy wax oil; in the step (3), the fermentation medium comprises 6-12 g/LKH2PO45-15 g/L of sucrose, 1-10 g/L of yeast extract, 1-5 g/L of urea, 5-50 g/L of corn steep liquor, 0-5 g/L of LNaCl and 4-14 g/LKNO31-5 g/L of Tween 60 and 0.1-5% of defoaming agent.
3. The method for producing a long-chain dicarboxylic acid according to claim 1, wherein the stirring speed in step (3) is 300 to 750rpm, the temperature is 29 to 31 ℃, and the aeration rate is 0.5 to 2 VVM.
4. The method for preparing long-chain dicarboxylic acid according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the feeding speed is 3ml to 7ml/h at 18h to 24h, 1ml to 5ml/h at 24h to 30h, 4ml to 15ml/h at 30h to 50h, 4ml to 8ml/h at 50h to 100h, and 2ml to 5ml/h at 100h to 140h during feeding fermentation.
5. The method for preparing long-chain dicarboxylic acid according to claim 1, wherein the total time of the feeding and fermentation in step (3) is 116-186 h, and the feeding is stopped 5-20 h before the fermentation is finished.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the lauryl alcohol is fed in a fed-batch manner.
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