CN111348956A - Ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111348956A CN111348956A CN201811592751.1A CN201811592751A CN111348956A CN 111348956 A CN111348956 A CN 111348956A CN 201811592751 A CN201811592751 A CN 201811592751A CN 111348956 A CN111348956 A CN 111348956A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation process of ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: providing urea, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, ammonium nitrate and monoammonium phosphate, and carrying out melting treatment to obtain a melt; providing ammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate, sieving, and adding a first additive to form a first mixture; carrying out primary mixing reaction on the melt, the first mixture and phosphorus pentoxide to obtain a primary mixed product; providing potassium sulfate and/or ammonium sulfate, sieving, and adding a second additive to form a second mixture; carrying out a secondary mixing reaction on the primary mixed product and the second mixture to obtain a secondary mixed product; granulating to obtain the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer finished product. The phosphorus pentoxide added in the preparation process absorbs the excess moisture in the raw materials and is a production raw material for preparing the ammonium polyphosphate. The water content in the fertilizer is reduced, the hardening phenomenon is prevented, and the raw materials are solid materials, so that the operation is simple and convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of compound fertilizers, and particularly relates to an ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The ammonium polyphosphate has high nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient contents, has a certain slow release effect, and is a functional fertilizer with high nutrient contents. Moreover, when the ammonium polyphosphate has chelating capacity on metal ions and is used as a functional fertilizer, on one hand, the ammonium polyphosphate can form precipitates with metal impurities in the fertilizer in the process of preparing the suspended fertilizer, thereby being beneficial to obtaining the high-suspension fertilizer; on the other hand, ammonium polyphosphate can form a soluble complex with trace elements in soil to promote the absorption of plants. Therefore, the ammonium polyphosphate is beneficial to preparing the slow-soluble long-acting fertilizer and accords with the development trend of high efficiency, slow effect, specialization, multiple differentiation and multiple functionalization of the current compound fertilizer. Ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer is a quick-acting and long-acting compound fertilizer, has the advantages that many conventional compound fertilizers do not have, and is more and more emphasized by the compound fertilizer industry.
At present, the preparation process of ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer mainly adopts a high tower production process, the production process directly adds liquid polyphosphoric acid and urea, polyphosphoric acid reacts with urea under certain reaction conditions to generate ammonium polyphosphate, and the ammonium polyphosphate reacts with potassium fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer or additives in a mixing tank to obtain the ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer. According to the process for preparing the ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer, liquid ammonium polyphosphate is directly adopted as a raw material, so that the production process is complex, the cost is high, and particularly, when the ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer is prepared by adopting liquid polyphosphoric acid, the raw materials such as urea and phosphorus nitrate contain a certain amount of moisture, so that the fertilizer is easily hardened due to excessive moisture content, and the absorption of the fertilizer by soil is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a preparation process of an ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer, and aims to solve the technical problems that the water content of a finished product is high and the finished product is easy to harden because liquid ammonium polyphosphate is adopted as a raw material in the existing ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer preparation process.
The embodiment of the invention also aims to provide the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation process of ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
providing urea, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, ammonium nitrate and monoammonium phosphate, and carrying out melting treatment on the urea, the ammonium nitrate phosphorus, the ammonium nitrate and the monoammonium phosphate to obtain a melt;
providing ammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate, and forming a first mixture after sieving the ammonium phosphate and the potassium sulfate;
providing phosphorus pentoxide, and carrying out primary mixing reaction on the phosphorus pentoxide, the melt and the first mixture to obtain a primary mixed product;
providing potassium sulfate and/or ammonium sulfate, and forming a second mixture after sieving the potassium sulfate and/or ammonium sulfate;
carrying out a secondary mixing reaction on the primary mixed product and the second mixture to obtain a secondary mixed product;
and granulating the secondary mixed product to prepare the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer.
The ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer is prepared by the preparation process of the ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer, wherein the mass percentage of nitrogen element in the ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer is 13-25%, the mass percentage of phosphorus element is 5-20%, the mass percentage of potassium element is 5-50%, and the total nutrient content is 30-70%.
The preparation process of the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer provided by the invention takes phosphorus pentoxide, urea and the like as production raw materials to prepare the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer. The phosphorus pentoxide serves as a matrix raw material for preparing the ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer to finally form the ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer; meanwhile, the phosphorus pentoxide serves as a functional component, so that the hardening prevention performance of the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer is improved. Specifically, the phosphorus pentoxide is used as a functional raw material of the ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer, can absorb moisture in raw materials such as urea and phosphorus nitrate, and avoids the problem of hardening of fertilizer products caused by high water content of the raw materials. Meanwhile, the phosphorus pentoxide is simultaneously used as a nutrient raw material component, and reacts with water after absorbing water to generate phosphoric acid, and the generated phosphoric acid and urea in the raw material undergo a polymerization reaction to generate ammonium polyphosphate, so that the ammonium polyphosphate basic phosphate fertilizer in the compound fertilizer is provided. The preparation process of the ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer provided by the invention can effectively prevent the hardening phenomenon of the produced finished product under the condition of not introducing other additional functional components. In addition, the preparation process of the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer is a solid material, does not need to pretreat the raw materials, can be directly put into a reaction kettle, and is simple and convenient to operate.
The ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer provided by the invention is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, the total nutrient content reaches 30-70%, the fertilizer has good water solubility and slow polymerization rate attenuation, and the utilization rate of the compound fertilizer can be effectively improved. Thereby improving soil property, improving soil fertility and being more beneficial to crop growth.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preparation method of ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the preparation process of ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and technical effects of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive step in connection with the embodiments of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
As shown in the attached drawing 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation process of ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
s10, providing urea, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, ammonium nitrate and monoammonium phosphate, and carrying out melting treatment on the urea, the ammonium nitrate phosphorus, the ammonium nitrate and the monoammonium phosphate to obtain a melt;
s20, providing ammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate, and sieving the ammonium phosphate and the potassium sulfate to form a first mixture;
s30, providing phosphorus pentoxide, and carrying out primary mixing reaction on the phosphorus pentoxide, the melt and the first mixture to obtain a primary mixed product;
s40, providing potassium sulfate and/or ammonium sulfate, and forming a second mixture after sieving the potassium sulfate and/or the ammonium sulfate;
s50, carrying out secondary mixing reaction on the primary mixed product and the second mixture to obtain a secondary mixed product;
and S60, granulating the secondary mixed product to prepare the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer.
According to the preparation process of the ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer, the phosphorus pentoxide serves as a matrix raw material for preparing the ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer, and the ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer is finally formed; meanwhile, the phosphorus pentoxide is used as a functional component, so that the hardening prevention performance of the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer is improved. Specifically, the phosphorus pentoxide is used as a functional raw material of the ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer, can absorb moisture in raw materials such as urea and phosphorus nitrate, and avoids the problem of hardening of fertilizer products caused by high water content of the raw materials. Meanwhile, the phosphorus pentoxide is simultaneously used as a nutrient raw material component, and reacts with water after absorbing water to generate phosphoric acid, and the generated phosphoric acid and urea in the raw material undergo a polymerization reaction to generate ammonium polyphosphate, so that the ammonium polyphosphate basic phosphate fertilizer in the compound fertilizer is provided. The preparation process of the ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer provided by the invention can effectively prevent the hardening phenomenon of the produced finished product under the condition of not introducing other additional functional components. In addition, the preparation process of the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer is a solid material, does not need to pretreat the raw materials, can be directly put into a reaction kettle, and is simple and convenient to operate.
Specifically, in step S10, urea, ammonium nitrate, and monoammonium phosphate are supplied, and the urea, ammonium nitrate, and monoammonium phosphate are subjected to a melting process to obtain a melt. The raw materials such as urea, ammonium nitrate phosphorus and ammonium nitrate are dissolved by melting treatment and serve as a slurry liquid phase in the production process, so that the subsequent added powder is uniformly mixed. Wherein, urea and ammonium nitrate provide nitrogen element in the compound fertilizer, and the monoammonium phosphate adopts industrial grade monoammonium phosphate to provide phosphorus element in the compound fertilizer. The melting treatment is carried out in a melting tank, and a mixed melt of urea, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, ammonium nitrate and monoammonium phosphate is obtained by the melting treatment.
As a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the melt treatment is 150 ℃ to 170 ℃. When the temperature melting temperature is too low, the urea, the ammonium nitrate and the monoammonium phosphate cannot be fully melted into a mixture, which is not favorable for uniform proceeding of the subsequent mixing reaction. When the melting temperature is too high, urea, ammonium nitrate and the like are easily decomposed at high temperature, wherein the urea is decomposed at high temperature to produce ammonia gas and cyanic acid, and the ammonium nitrate is easily decomposed explosively at high temperature to cause potential safety hazards.
Specifically, in step S20, ammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate are provided, and the ammonium phosphate and the potassium sulfate are sieved to form a first mixture. The sieving treatment can be vibration sieving treatment or any other sieving treatment which can meet the subsequent treatment requirement. In some embodiments, the screen mesh for the vibratory screening process is 1-5 mm.
In a preferred embodiment, the step of forming the first mixture further includes providing a first additive, and the first additive, the ammonium phosphate and the potassium sulfate are used to lower the reaction temperature of the mixture, so as to facilitate the subsequent mixing reaction.
As a preferred embodiment, the first additive is at least one of ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, and dicyandiamide. The preferable first additive reduces the melting point of the mixture in the first-stage mixing reaction, thereby reducing the mixing reaction temperature, controlling the polymerization degree of the synthesized ammonium polyphosphate to a certain degree, and leading the prepared ammonium polyphosphate to be easily dissolved in water and to be more suitable for the use of compound fertilizers.
Specifically, in step S30, phosphorus pentoxide is provided, and a first-order mixed reaction is performed on the phosphorus pentoxide, the melt, and the first mixture to obtain a first-order mixed product. In order to meet the requirement of compound fertilizer granulation, the embodiment of the invention respectively carries out melting treatment on the urea, the ammonium nitrate phosphorus, the ammonium nitrate and the monoammonium phosphate to obtain melts, and after the ammonium phosphate and the potassium sulfate are sieved to obtain a first mixture, the first mixture and the phosphorus pentoxide are subjected to a first-stage mixing reaction, so that the difficulty of process control of simultaneous feeding is reduced. And the melt is used as a liquid phase in the first-stage mixing reaction, so that the raw materials are mixed more uniformly. And (3) performing thermal polymerization in the first-stage mixing reaction, wherein the added phosphorus pentoxide can absorb water in the mixed slurry to generate phosphoric acid:
P2O5+3H2O→2H3PO4
and (3) polymerizing the generated phosphoric acid with urea in the slurry at high temperature to generate ammonium polyphosphate:
nH3PO4+(n-1)CO(NH2)2→(NH4)n+2PnO3n+1+(n-4)NH3+(n-1)CO2
phosphorus pentoxide is used as a raw material, and after the phosphorus pentoxide absorbs moisture in the slurry to generate phosphoric acid, the phosphoric acid and urea are polymerized to generate ammonium polyphosphate. Not only reduces the water content in the product and slows down the hardening condition of the product, but also simplifies the production process by using solid raw materials such as phosphorus pentoxide, urea and the like, and is convenient to operate.
As a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the first mixing reaction is 160 ℃ to 180 ℃. In the temperature range, the thermal polymerization reaction of the mixture of phosphorus pentoxide, urea and the like in the first-stage mixing reaction is most facilitated. Phosphorus pentoxide reacts with water in a temperature range to generate phosphoric acid, and the phosphoric acid and urea further undergo a polymerization reaction to generate ammonium polyphosphate. However, phosphorus pentoxide reacts with water at low temperatures to produce highly toxic metaphosphoric acid. Therefore, the first-stage mixing reaction temperature is preferably 160 ℃ to 180 ℃.
As a preferred embodiment, the input amount of the phosphorus pentoxide accounts for 1-6% of the total input amount by taking the total weight of the input amount of the raw materials as 100%, and the input proportion of the phosphorus pentoxide just can absorb excessive moisture in the slurry.
As a preferred embodiment, the input amount of the urea accounts for 1% -5% of the total input amount by taking the total weight of the input amount of the raw materials as 100%, and the input proportion of the urea can be just enough to fully react with the phosphorus pentoxide in the slurry to produce the ammonium polyphosphate.
As a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the input amount of urea to the input amount of phosphorus pentoxide is 1: (1.2-1.25), and the feeding proportion can effectively control the polymerization degree of the generated ammonium polyphosphate. On the one hand, the ammonium polyphosphate chain is too long and has poor water solubility, so that the ammonium polyphosphate is not beneficial to the absorption of crops. On the other hand, the ammonium polyphosphate chain is too short, the slow release effect of the ammonium polyphosphate and the chelating capacity of the ammonium polyphosphate on metal ions are poor, and the overall performance of the compound fertilizer is influenced.
In a preferred embodiment, the input amount of urea accounts for 1-5% of the total input amount, the input amount of phosphorus pentoxide accounts for 1-6% of the total input amount, and the input amount ratio of urea to phosphorus pentoxide is 1: (1.2-1.25).
By controlling the input amount and the input proportion of each reaction raw material, the phosphorus pentoxide can fully absorb excessive moisture in the slurry to form phosphoric acid, and then the phosphoric acid and urea are subjected to thermal polymerization reaction to produce ammonium polyphosphate with proper polymerization degree. Preferably, the chain length of the polymer is controlled to be 3-8, the ammonium polyphosphate in the chain length interval has better water solubility, the slow release effect of the ammonium polyphosphate and the chelating capacity of the ammonium polyphosphate on metal ions are better, and the ammonium polyphosphate is more suitable for production and use of compound fertilizers.
Specifically, in step S40, potassium sulfate and/or ammonium sulfate is provided, and the potassium sulfate and/or ammonium sulfate is sieved to form a second mixture. The potassium sulfate and/or the ammonium sulfate enrich the content of potassium element in the compound fertilizer, and the potassium sulfate and/or the ammonium sulfate have wide sources and low cost, and the formula cost of the production process and the slurry process control are reduced. The sieving treatment can be vibration sieving treatment or any other sieving treatment which can meet the subsequent treatment requirement. In some embodiments, the screen mesh for the vibratory screening process is 1-5 mm.
As a preferred embodiment, the second mixture also comprises a second additive, and the second additive is used for improving the long-acting slow release performance of the compound fertilizer, improving the utilization rate of nutrients in the fertilizer and reducing nutrient loss so as to greatly reduce the environmental pollution.
As a preferred embodiment, the second additive is selected from at least one of urease inhibitors, nitrification inhibitors, and phosphorus activators. The urease inhibitor can inhibit the hydrolysis speed of urea and reduce the volatilization and nitration of ammonium nitrogen in the compound fertilizer. The nitrification inhibitor can inhibit the conversion of ammonium nitrogen in the soil compound fertilizer to nitrate nitrogen and reduce the accumulation of the nitrate nitrogen in the soil, thereby reducing various pollution problems caused by the nitrification of the ammonium nitrogen. The phosphorus activator can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, improve the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer in the compound fertilizer, and release residual invalid phosphorus in the soil, thereby promoting the growth of crops, improving the yield of crops and improving the quality of crops.
Specifically, in step S50, the first-order mixed product and the second mixture are subjected to a second-order mixing reaction to obtain a second-order mixed product. In the second-stage mixing reaction, the first-stage mixed product and the second mixture are further subjected to mixing reaction to generate the compound fertilizer with better performance and more comprehensive functions. As a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the second mixing reaction is 150 ℃ to 170 ℃, and the second mixing reaction is more sufficient in the temperature range. When the temperature of the second-stage mixing reaction is higher than 170 ℃, the nitro-group slurry in the compound fertilizer is easy to decompose in a high-temperature explosive manner, and has high danger. When the temperature is lower than 150 ℃, the slurry begins to coagulate, granulation is difficult, and subsequent processes are influenced. In addition, the temperature range of the second-stage mixing reaction is beneficial to further promoting the polymerization reaction of the ammonium polyphosphate which is not fully reacted in the first-stage mixing reaction, so that the polymerization reaction is more complete.
Specifically, in the step S60, the secondary mixed product is granulated, and the granulation can be achieved by a conventional method. Preferably, the secondary mixed product is discharged into a granulator with the rotating speed of 36Hz, a spray basket with the aperture of 2-3 mm is used, and the sprayed slurry is cooled in the falling process. And further, screening, cooling and dusting the slurry cooled in the falling process. And further, packaging and warehousing the prepared ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer particles.
The embodiment of the invention specifically and preferably shows a flow chart of a preparation process of the ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer as shown in attached figure 2.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer, which is prepared by the preparation process of the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer, wherein the mass percentage of nitrogen element in the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer is 13-25%, the mass percentage of phosphorus element is 5-20%, the mass percentage of potassium element is 5-50%, and the total nutrient content is 30-70%.
The ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, has good water solubility and slow polymerization rate attenuation, and can effectively improve the utilization rate of the compound fertilizer. Thereby improving soil property, improving soil fertility and being more beneficial to crop growth.
The preparation process of the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer is illustrated by a plurality of examples.
Example 1
A preparation process of ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s10, weighing 2.4 tons of ammonium phosphate nitrate, 8.7 tons of ammonium nitrate, 4.35 tons of monoammonium phosphate (industrial grade) and 1 ton of urea, conveying the raw materials to a melting tank on a tower from the bottom of the tower by a bucket elevator after the raw materials are accurately measured by an electronic scale through belt transportation. Adjusting the steam valve of the melting tank to control the temperature of the melting tank within the range of 155-.
S20, weighing 2.25 tons of ammonium phosphate and 3.25 tons of potassium sulfate, screening by a vibrating screen, weighing 0.4 ton of ammonium chloride additive after accurately measuring by an electronic scale, and adding to form a first mixture.
S30, weighing 1.25 tons of P2O5On the tower from P2O5After being accurately metered, the feeding device enters a primary mixing tank together with the melt and the first mixture. Adjusting a steam valve of the first-stage mixing tank, controlling the temperature of the first-stage mixing tank within the range of 168-175 ℃ to perform first-stage mixing reaction, and obtaining a first-stage mixing tank product.
S40, weighing 5 tons of potassium sulfate, screening by using a vibrating screen, accurately metering by using an electronic scale, and adding 0.6 ton of urease inhibitor to form a second mixture.
S50, putting the first-stage mixing tank product and the second mixture into a second-stage mixing tank, controlling the temperature of the second-stage mixing tank within the range of 155-160 ℃, and carrying out second-stage mixing reaction to obtain a second-stage mixing tank product.
S60, discharging the product of the second-stage mixing tank into a granulator, wherein the rotating speed of the granulator is 36Hz, and spraying baskets with the aperture of 2.3mm and 2.5mm are used. Cooling the sprayed slurry in the falling process, conveying the slurry by a belt, carrying out screening, cooling, secondary screening and dusting, conveying the slurry to a packaging post (the packaging temperature is below 45 ℃), and packaging and warehousing the product.
Example 2
A preparation process of ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s10, weighing 3 tons of ammonium phosphate nitrate, 6.5 tons of ammonium nitrate, 4.5 tons of monoammonium phosphate (industrial grade) and 1.3 tons of urea, conveying the raw materials to a melting tank on a tower from the bottom of the tower by a bucket elevator after the raw materials are accurately measured by an electronic scale through belt transportation. Adjusting the steam valve of the melting tank to control the temperature of the melting tank within the range of 155-.
S20, weighing 2.5 tons of ammonium phosphate and 3.5 tons of potassium sulfate, screening by a vibrating screen, weighing 0.5 ton of potassium chloride additive after accurately measuring by an electronic scale, and adding to form a first mixture.
S30, weighing 1.56 tons of P2O5On the tower from P2O5After being accurately metered, the feeding device enters a primary mixing tank together with the melt and the first mixture. Adjusting a steam valve of the first-stage mixing tank, controlling the temperature of the first-stage mixing tank within the range of 168-175 ℃ to perform first-stage mixing reaction, and obtaining a first-stage mixing tank product.
S40, weighing 5 tons of potassium sulfate, screening by using a vibrating screen, accurately metering by using an electronic scale, and adding 0.7 ton of nitrification inhibitor to form a second mixture.
S50, putting the first-stage mixing tank product and the second mixture into a second-stage mixing tank, controlling the temperature of the second-stage mixing tank within the range of 155-160 ℃, and carrying out second-stage mixing reaction to obtain a second-stage mixing tank product.
S60, discharging the product of the second-stage mixing tank into a granulator, wherein the rotating speed of the granulator is 36Hz, and spraying baskets with the aperture of 3mm and 5mm are used. Cooling the sprayed slurry in the falling process, conveying the slurry by a belt, carrying out screening, cooling, secondary screening and dusting, conveying the slurry to a packaging post (the packaging temperature is below 45 ℃), and packaging and warehousing the product.
Example 3
A preparation process of ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s10, weighing 2.7 tons of ammonium phosphate nitrate, 7.5 tons of ammonium nitrate, 4.9 tons of monoammonium phosphate (industrial grade) and 1.5 tons of urea, conveying the materials through a belt, and after the materials are accurately measured by an electronic scale, conveying the materials into a melting tank on a tower from the bottom of the tower by a bucket elevator. Adjusting the steam valve of the melting tank to control the temperature of the melting tank within the range of 155-.
S20, weighing 3.1 tons of ammonium phosphate and 4.2 tons of potassium sulfate, screening by a vibrating screen, weighing 0.5 ton of dicyandiamide additive after accurately measuring by an electronic scale, and adding to form a first mixture.
S30, weighing 1.87 tons of P2O5On the tower from P2O5After being accurately metered, the feeding device enters a primary mixing tank together with the melt and the first mixture. Adjusting a steam valve of the first-stage mixing tank, controlling the temperature of the first-stage mixing tank within the range of 168-175 ℃ to perform first-stage mixing reaction, and obtaining a first-stage mixing tank product.
S40, weighing 5 tons of potassium sulfate, screening by using a vibrating screen, accurately metering by using an electronic scale, and adding 0.6 ton of phosphorus activator to form a second mixture.
S50, putting the first-stage mixing tank product and the second mixture into a second-stage mixing tank, controlling the temperature of the second-stage mixing tank within the range of 155-160 ℃, and carrying out second-stage mixing reaction to obtain a second-stage mixing tank product.
S60, discharging the product of the second-stage mixing tank into a granulator, wherein the rotating speed of the granulator is 36Hz, and spraying baskets with the aperture of 3mm and 5mm are used. Cooling the sprayed slurry in the falling process, conveying the slurry by a belt, carrying out screening, cooling, secondary screening and dusting, conveying the slurry to a packaging post (the packaging temperature is below 45 ℃), and packaging and warehousing the product.
According to the preparation process of the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention, phosphorus pentoxide and urea are directly reacted and polymerized to generate ammonium polyphosphate, and the polymerization rate is more than or equal to 25%. The prepared ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention is loose and not hardened. The ammonium polyphosphate has high density and viscosity, can be used as a suspended fertilizer, has a suspension effect, and reduces the precipitation rate of fine insoluble particles, so that a burette does not block a pipeline.
Meanwhile, the ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the invention can chelate medium and trace elements such as zinc, iron and the like, and the utilization rate of the medium and trace elements is improved by more than 20%; polyphosphate roots are not solidified by metal elements in soil, the use effect of a phosphate fertilizer can be prolonged, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved by more than 10%, and the phosphate fertilizer can be maintained for 25 days at the temperature of 26 ℃.
In addition, the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer is used for picked plants and has the effect of storage and transportation resistance; the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer is used for plant fertilization, can improve the fruit setting rate of crops, improves the absorption rate of the crops to trace elements, and increases the yield of the crops by more than 10%. Particularly, after the vegetable is applied to vegetables, the color of the vegetable leaves is emerald green, the proportion of fine fibers is improved by 20 percent, the taste is good, and the sweetness is improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation process of ammonium polyphosphate nitro-compound fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
providing urea, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, ammonium nitrate and monoammonium phosphate, and carrying out melting treatment on the urea, the ammonium nitrate phosphorus, the ammonium nitrate and the monoammonium phosphate to obtain a melt;
providing ammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate, and forming a first mixture after sieving the ammonium phosphate and the potassium sulfate;
providing phosphorus pentoxide, and carrying out primary mixing reaction on the phosphorus pentoxide, the melt and the first mixture to obtain a primary mixed product;
providing potassium sulfate and/or ammonium sulfate, and forming a second mixture after sieving the potassium sulfate and/or ammonium sulfate;
carrying out a secondary mixing reaction on the primary mixed product and the second mixture to obtain a secondary mixed product;
and granulating the secondary mixed product to prepare the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer.
2. The preparation process of ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feeding amount of urea accounts for 1-5% of the feeding amount of raw materials, based on 100% of the total feeding amount of raw materials; and/or
The total weight of the raw material feeding amount is 100%, and the feeding amount of the phosphorus pentoxide accounts for 1% -6% of the feeding amount of the raw material.
3. The preparation process of ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of the urea to the phosphorus pentoxide is 1: (1.2-1.25).
4. The process for preparing ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the temperature of the melting treatment is 150 ℃ to 170 ℃.
5. The preparation process of ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the temperature of the first-stage mixing reaction is 160 ℃ to 180 ℃; and/or
The temperature of the second-stage mixing reaction is 150-170 ℃.
6. The process for preparing an ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the step of forming the first mixture further comprises providing a first additive and mixing the first additive with the ammonium phosphate and the potassium sulfate to form the first mixture.
7. The process for preparing ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the first additive is at least one selected from ammonium chloride, potassium chloride and dicyandiamide.
8. The process for preparing an ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the step of forming the second mixture further comprises providing a second additive and mixing the second additive with the potassium sulfate and/or ammonium sulfate to form the second mixture.
9. The preparation process of ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 8, wherein the second additive is at least one selected from urease inhibitor, nitrification inhibitor and phosphorus activator.
10. An ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer, which is characterized by being prepared by the preparation process of the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the mass percent of nitrogen element in the ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer is 13 to 25 percent, the mass percent of phosphorus element is 5 to 20 percent, the mass percent of potassium element is 5 to 50 percent, and the total nutrient content is 30 to 70 percent.
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| CN201811592751.1A CN111348956A (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | Ammonium polyphosphate nitro compound fertilizer and preparation process thereof |
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| CN112939682A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-06-11 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Preparation method of polyphosphate synergistic nitrophosphate fertilizer |
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