CN111348187A - A surveying and mapping drone - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of surveying and mapping devices, and particularly relates to a surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, wherein a mounting box, a protective cover, a camera and a mounting mechanism are arranged below the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and the camera is fixed on the mounting mechanism and extends into the protective cover; a plurality of piston rods are arranged above the protective cover, and a support frame is connected below the protective cover; a first piston cylinder and a second piston cylinder are arranged in the mounting box, a first piston is connected in the first piston cylinder in a sliding manner, and a second piston is connected in the second piston cylinder in a sliding manner; the first piston cylinder and the second piston cylinder are filled with transmission media positioned between the first piston and the second piston; the upper end of the piston rod is connected to the first piston; the second piston is connected with a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is provided with a wiping strip. Use this technical scheme can effectively solve the camera and expose outside, lead to the camera lens to cover dirt easily, and when unmanned aerial vehicle descended moreover, the impulsive force that unmanned aerial vehicle received was great, makes the problem that the camera head took place the loss easily.

Description

A surveying and mapping drone

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of surveying and mapping devices, in particular to a surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle.

Background technique

Surveying and mapping refers to measurement and mapping, based on computer technology, optoelectronic technology, network communication technology, space science, and information science, with global navigation satellite positioning system, remote sensing, and geographic information system as the core technology, and the existing feature points on the ground. The boundary line obtains the graphics and position information reflecting the current situation of the ground by means of measurement, which is used for the planning and design and administrative management of the project construction. Measurements were made, collected and plotted.

Due to terrain factors and with the advancement of science and technology, aerial photography surveying and mapping are now carried out with the help of drones. UAV aerial photography surveying and mapping is a powerful supplement to traditional aerial photogrammetry methods. Wide range and short production cycle. The drone is equipped with a camera, aerial photography is carried out at high altitude, and the captured image is transmitted to the computer through a wireless transmission device. UAV aerial surveying and mapping use the camera to complete the work, and the camera is exposed, which not only causes the lens to be easily covered with dust, resulting in unclear shooting, but also when the drone landed, the impact force on the drone was large, and the camera was easily damaged.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is intended to provide a surveying and mapping drone to solve the problem that the camera is exposed, causing the lens to be easily covered with dust, and when the drone falls, the impact force on the drone is relatively large, and the camera is easily damaged.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the scheme of the present invention is: a surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle body, a mounting box, a protective cover, a camera and a mounting mechanism fixedly installed on the mounting box are arranged under the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and the camera It is fixed on the installation mechanism and extends into the protective cover; a plurality of piston rods are arranged above the protective cover, and a support frame is connected below the protective cover; the installation box is provided with a first piston cylinder and a second cylinder connected to the upper part of the first piston cylinder. Piston cylinder, a first piston is slidably connected in the first piston cylinder, and a second piston is slidably connected in the second piston cylinder; the first piston cylinder and the second piston cylinder are filled with a piston between the first piston and the second piston. The upper end of the piston rod is connected to the first piston; the second piston is connected with a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is provided with a wiping strip for wiping the protective cover shell.

The working principle and beneficial effects of this scheme are as follows:

At the end of the drone flight, the drone gradually descends, the support frame first falls on the plane, and then the drone body and the installation box gradually descend, and the first piston cylinder in the installation box slides down along the first piston. , so that the transmission medium in the first piston cylinder is squeezed and gradually enters the second piston cylinder, the transmission medium slows down the descending speed of the drone body and the camera on the installation box, and finally the buffer decelerates to a stop, which greatly buffers the The impact force on the drone body and the camera is effectively avoided, and the camera is effectively prevented from being damaged by the impact. In the process of the transmission medium in the first piston cylinder entering the second piston cylinder, the second piston moves downward, and the second piston drives the wiping strip to wipe down along the outer wall of the protective cover through the connecting rod to wipe off the sticking during the flight. Dust attached to the outer wall of the protective cover. When the drone is flying, the drone gradually rises. Under the gravity of the protective cover and the support frame, the first piston slides down along the first piston cylinder, and the transmission medium in the second piston cylinder is gradually transferred to the first piston cylinder. In a piston cylinder, the second piston drives the wiper bar to wipe upward along the outer wall of the protective cover through the connecting rod, and wipes off the dust on the outer wall of the protective cover again, so as to prevent the camera from not shooting due to dust on the protective cover during the flight of the drone. clear. During the flight, the wiper bar and connecting rod are located above the protective cover, which can effectively prevent the wiper bar from blocking the shooting of the camera.

A protective cover is provided, which can effectively prevent the camera from being damaged by foreign objects (such as flying birds), and at the same time, the protective cover can also effectively prevent the camera from being dusted. During take-off and landing, the wiper will wipe the protective cover, effectively wipe off the dust on the outer wall of the protective cover, and effectively prevent the protective cover from being dusty and cause the camera to be unclear.

Further, an elastic member is connected between the first piston and the upper wall of the first piston cylinder. Adding elastic parts, the elastic parts can further buffer the impact of the drone when it landed.

Further, the installation mechanism includes an installation column and an installation seat, the upper end of the installation column is connected to the bottom of the installation box, the lower part of the installation column extends into the protective cover and is fixedly connected with the installation seat; the camera is installed on the installation seat. The camera can be better installed through the mount.

Further, the upper wall of the protective cover is provided with a through opening for the installation mechanism to pass through. By setting the opening, when the protective cover slides up and down, the collision between the installation mechanism and the upper wall of the protective cover can be avoided.

Further, the camera is a 180-degree panoramic camera, and two cameras are provided, and the two cameras are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the mounting seat.

Further, the installation column includes a fixed rod and a sliding rod, a cavity is opened in the fixed rod, the sliding rod is slidably connected in the cavity, and the fixed rod is fixed on the installation box; between the bottom of at least one first piston cylinder and the first piston A connecting pipe is connected between the bottom of the first piston cylinder filled with fluid and the fixing rod, which is filled with fluid.

When the drone is flying, the first piston will slide down along the first piston barrel, and the protective cover will protrude downward. At the same time, the fluid in the first piston barrel enters the cavity of the fixed rod through the connecting The slide bar extends downwards. When the drone lands, the first piston cylinder slides down along the first piston, which is equivalent to the upward retraction of the protective cover. At the same time, the fluid in the cavity flows back into the first piston cylinder through the connecting pipe, and the sliding rod moves upward. retract. It can be seen from the above description that the sliding rod (that is, the mounting seat and the camera on the mounting seat) always moves synchronously with the protective cover, the protective cover extends downward, the sliding rod extends, the protective cover retracts upward, and the sliding rod follows Shrink to ensure that the mount and the camera on the mount are always inside the protective cover, so that the protective cover can always protect the camera from being bumped and dusted.

Further, the inner wall of the fixing rod is provided with a strip-shaped clamping groove, and the sliding rod is provided with a protrusion slidably connected in the strip-shaped clamping groove. A bar-shaped card slot is provided, and the bar-shaped card slot has the function of guiding and limiting the sliding rod, and can effectively prevent the sliding rod from being separated from the fixing rod.

Further, the fluid is hydraulic oil.

Further, the bottom of the support frame is provided with a rubber pad. Setting the rubber pad can reduce the wear of the support frame when it is in contact with the ground, and has a better protection effect on the support frame.

Further, there are 4 piston rods, and the 4 piston rods are evenly distributed on the four sides of the protective cover. Setting up 4 piston rods can install the protective cover more stably and reliably to avoid the drone from shaking during flight.

Description of drawings

1 is a front view of a surveying and mapping drone in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the installation box and the protective cover when the drone is laid flat on the plane in the first embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a cross-sectional view of a mounting box and a protective cover when the drone is in a flying state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the installation box and the protective cover when the UAV is in a flying state according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following is further described in detail by specific embodiments:

Reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: drone body 10 , installation box 20 , protective cover 30 , support frame 31 , port 32 , first piston cylinder 40 , first piston 41 , piston rod 42 , elastic member 43 , the second piston cylinder 50, the second piston 51, the connecting rod 52, the wiper strip 53, the mounting post 60, the mounting seat 61, the camera 62, the fixing rod 70, the cavity 71, the strip slot 72, the connecting pipe 73, the sliding Rod 80.

Example 1

This embodiment is basically shown in Figures 1-3: a surveying and mapping drone, including a drone body 10, a mounting box 20, a camera 62, a mounting mechanism and a transparent protective cover 30 are arranged below the drone body 10 . The mounting mechanism includes a mounting post 60 and a mounting seat 61 . The upper end of the mounting post 60 is welded to the bottom of the mounting box 20 , the lower end of the mounting post 60 extends into the protective cover 30 and is fixedly connected with the mounting seat 61 , and the camera 62 is mounted on the mounting seat 61 up and inside the protective cover 30 . In this embodiment, the camera 62 is a 180-degree panoramic camera 62 , there are two cameras 62 , and the two cameras 62 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the mounting seat 61 .

A plurality of piston rods 42 are fixedly connected to the top of the protective cover 30 . In this embodiment, the shape of the protective cover 30 is a cuboid, there are four piston rods 42 , and the four piston rods 42 are evenly distributed on the four sides of the protective cover 30 . A support frame 31 is fixedly connected below the protective cover 30 , and a rubber pad is pasted at the bottom of the support frame 31 . The upper wall of the protective cover 30 is provided with a through hole 32 for the installation mechanism to pass through. The through hole 32 is provided to prevent the installation mechanism from colliding with the upper wall of the protective cover 30 when the protective cover 30 slides up and down.

The installation box 20 is welded on the bottom of the drone body 10, the first piston cylinder 40 and the second piston cylinder 50 are fixedly installed in the installation box 20, the second piston cylinder 50 is communicated with the upper part of the first piston cylinder 40, and the first piston cylinder 40 and the bottom connecting rod 52 of the second piston cylinder 50 are slidably connected with the first piston 41, the second piston cylinder 50 is slidably connected with the second piston 51, the first piston cylinder 40 and the second piston cylinder 50 The inside is filled with a transmission medium (in this embodiment, the transmission medium is hydraulic oil) located between the first piston 41 and the second piston 51 . An elastic member 43 is connected between the first piston 41 and the upper wall of the first piston cylinder 40. In this embodiment, the elastic member 43 is a spring, one end of the spring is connected to the first piston 41, and the other end is connected to the first piston 41. The upper wall of the piston cylinder 40 . The upper end of the piston rod 42 passes through the bottom of the first piston cylinder 40 and is fixedly connected with the first piston 41 , and the first piston 41 can drive the protective cover 30 to move through the piston rod 42 . A connecting rod 52 is connected to the second piston 51. The lower part of the connecting rod 52 passes through the bottom of the second piston cylinder 50 and extends out of the second piston cylinder 50. The lower end of the connecting rod 52 is fixed with a wiping strip 53. The wiping strip 53 is used for When the outer shell of the protective cover 30 is wiped, when the wiping strip 53 moves up and down, the wiping strip 53 wipes up and down along the outer shell of the protective cover 30 . The weight of the protective cover 30 is much larger than the weight of the four connecting rods 52 . When the drone is flying, the first piston 41 can smoothly slide down along the first piston cylinder 40 .

At the end of the drone flight, the drone gradually descends, the support frame 31 first falls on the plane, and then the drone body 10 and the installation box 20 gradually descend, and the first piston cylinder 40 in the installation box 20 follows the first cylinder 40. A piston 41 slides down, so that the transmission medium in the first piston cylinder 40 is squeezed and gradually enters the second piston cylinder 50 (as shown in FIG. 2 ), and the transmission medium slows down the drone body 10 and the installation box 20 The descending speed of the camera 62 on the upper part is finally buffered and decelerated to a stop, which greatly buffers the impact force on the drone body 10 and the camera 62, and effectively prevents the camera 62 from being damaged due to impact. When the transmission medium in the first piston cylinder 40 enters the second piston cylinder 50, the second piston 51 moves downward, and the second piston 51 drives the wiping strip 53 through the connecting rod 52 to wipe down along the outer wall of the protective cover 30. , wipe off the dust adhering to the outer wall of the protective cover 30 during the flight. When the drone is flying, the drone gradually rises. Under the gravity of the protective cover 30 and the support frame 31, the first piston 41 slides down along the first piston cylinder 40, and the transmission in the second piston cylinder 50 The medium is gradually transferred into the first piston cylinder 40 (as shown in FIG. 3 ), and the second piston 51 drives the wiping strip 53 through the connecting rod 52 to wipe upward along the outer wall of the protective cover 30 , and wipe off the dust on the outer wall of the protective cover 30 again. , to prevent the camera 62 from taking pictures unclearly due to dust on the protective cover 30 during the flight of the drone.

Embodiment 2

The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that, as shown in FIG. 4 , the protective cover 30 in this embodiment does not have a through opening 32 , and the specific structure of the mounting post 60 in this embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment. The mounting post 60 in this embodiment includes a fixed rod 70 and a sliding rod 80 . The fixed rod 70 is provided with a cavity 71 , the sliding rod 80 is slidably and sealedly connected in the cavity 71 , and the inner wall of the fixed rod 70 is provided with a cavity 71 . 71 is connected to the bar-shaped card slot 72 , and the sliding rod 80 is fixed with a protrusion that is engaged and slidably connected in the bar-shaped card slot 72 . The upper end of the fixing rod 70 is fixed on the installation box 20 , the lower part of the fixing rod 70 passes through the upper wall of the protective cover 30 and can be located in the protective cover 30 ; the mounting seat 61 is fixed on the lower end of the sliding rod 80 . Fluid is filled between at least the bottom of the first piston cylinder 40 and the first piston 41 , and the fluid is hydraulic oil. In this embodiment, only one of the bottom of the first piston cylinder 40 and the first piston 41 is filled with fluid. . A connecting pipe 73 is connected between the fixing rod 70 and the bottom of the first piston cylinder 40 filled with fluid. The fluid in the first piston cylinder 40 enters the cavity 71 of the fixed rod 70 through the connecting pipe 73, so that the sliding rod 80 extends downward. The weight of the drone body 10 and the installation box 20 is much greater than the weight of the installation mechanism and the camera 62 , so after landing, the sliding rod 80 can be retracted into the fixed rod 70 .

When the drone is flying, the first piston 41 will slide down along the first piston cylinder 40, and the protective cover 30 will extend downward. At the same time, the fluid in the first piston cylinder 40 enters the fixing rod 70 through the connecting pipe 73 Inside the cavity 71, the sliding rod 80 is extended downward. When the drone lands, the first piston cylinder 40 slides down along the first piston 41, which is equivalent to the upward retraction of the protective cover 30. At the same time, the fluid in the cavity 71 flows back to the first piston cylinder through the connecting pipe 73 40, the slide bar 80 is retracted upward. It can be seen from the above description that the sliding rod 80 (that is, the mounting seat 61 and the camera 62 on the mounting seat 61 ) always moves synchronously with the protective cover 30 , the protective cover 30 extends downward, the sliding rod 80 is extended accordingly, and the protective cover 30 When retracted upward, the sliding rod 80 is retracted accordingly, ensuring that the mounting seat 61 and the camera 62 on the mounting seat 61 are always located in the protective cover 30 , so that the protective cover 30 can always protect the camera 62 and prevent the camera 62 from being collided and dusted.

The above descriptions are only embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as well-known specific structures and characteristics in the solution are not described too much here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation of the present invention. Effects and applicability of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle body, is characterized in that: the unmanned aerial vehicle body bottom is provided with a mounting box, a protective cover, a camera and a mounting mechanism that is fixedly installed on the mounting box, and the camera is fixed on the mounting mechanism and extends into the protective cover; a plurality of piston rods are arranged above the protective cover, and a support frame is connected below the protective cover; a first piston cylinder and a second piston cylinder communicated with the upper part of the first piston cylinder are arranged in the installation box. A first piston is slidably connected in the piston cylinder, and a second piston is slidably connected in the second piston cylinder; the first piston cylinder and the second piston cylinder are filled with a transmission medium located between the first piston and the second piston; the piston rod The upper end is connected to the first piston; the second piston is connected with a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is provided with a wiping strip for wiping the protective cover shell. 2 . The surveying and mapping drone according to claim 1 , wherein an elastic member is connected between the first piston and the upper wall of the first piston cylinder. 3 . 3. A surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: the installation mechanism comprises an installation column and a mounting seat, the upper end of the installation column is connected to the bottom of the installation box, and the lower part of the installation column extends into the protective cover and Fixed connection with the mount; the camera is installed on the mount. 4 . The surveying and mapping drone according to claim 3 , wherein the upper wall of the protective cover is provided with a through opening for the installation mechanism to pass through. 5 . 5 . The surveying and mapping drone according to claim 4 , wherein the camera is a 180-degree panoramic camera, two cameras are provided, and the two cameras are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the mounting seat. 6 . 6. A surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: the installation column comprises a fixed rod and a sliding rod, the fixed rod is provided with a cavity, the sliding rod is slidably connected in the cavity, and the fixed rod is fixed in the cavity. On the installation box; fluid is filled between the bottom of at least one first piston cylinder and the first piston, and a connecting pipe is connected between the bottom of the first piston cylinder filled with fluid and the fixing rod. 7. A surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: the inner wall of the fixing rod is provided with a strip-shaped slot, and the sliding rod is provided with a protrusion slidably connected in the strip-shaped slot. 8. A surveying and mapping drone according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the fluid is hydraulic oil. 9 . The surveying and mapping drone according to claim 1 , wherein a rubber pad is provided at the bottom of the support frame. 10 . 10. A surveying and mapping drone according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: there are four piston rods, and the four piston rods are evenly distributed on four sides of the protective cover.

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