CN111346515B - Graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical group CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- -1 graphite alkene Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000371 poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001338 self-assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/021—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/027—Nanofiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/442—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by nanofiltration
Abstract
The invention provides a graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane is of an interlayer structure formed by deposition of an upper layer, an intermediate layer and a lower layer; the surfaces of the modified graphene oxide of the upper layer and the lower layer are positively charged or nonpolar, and the middle layer is graphene oxide; according to the invention, the charge property of graphene oxide is changed by utilizing a charge idea, the potential of the prepared nanofiltration membrane with the sandwich structure is positive/negative/positive, and is similar to the principle that like poles repel each other and opposite poles attract each other in nature, when the nanofiltration membrane is used for treating a solution with the charge property, the electrostatic action can enhance the screening performance of the nanofiltration membrane, and meanwhile, the stability of the nanofiltration membrane is enhanced; the polarity of the graphene oxide is changed by utilizing a polar action principle, the graphene oxide is provided with oleophilic groups, namely functional groups are nonpolar, and the prepared sandwich structure nanofiltration membrane is nonpolar/polar/nonpolar, so that the service life and the anti-pollution capability of the membrane in an aqueous solution can be effectively prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and particularly relates to a graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In the field of water treatment, the water flux, sieving performance and stability of a nanofiltration membrane are three key factors for evaluating the performance of the membrane. There is always a difficult trade-off between water flux and sieving performance, i.e. an increase in water flux tends to result in a decrease in sieving performance, while an increase in sieving performance tends to result in a decrease in water flux. In addition, on the premise of ensuring that the nanofiltration membrane has good water flux and sieving performance, the stability of the membrane is also crucial, so the relationship among the three needs to be fully balanced in the research process, and the membrane can have good performance.
Graphene has received much attention in the field of water treatment due to its unique material properties. In conventional studies, water treatment has been generally carried out by the following two methods: one method is to adopt single-layer graphene to prepare the nanofiltration membrane, holes with specified sizes need to be prepared in the preparation process, the process is complex, and back flushing is needed when blockage occurs in the use process, which undoubtedly increases the application cost[1,2](ii) a The other method is to adopt graphene oxide with a multilayer structure to prepare the nanofiltration membrane, and control the interlayer spacing so as to achieve the effect of screening ions layer by layer, but the multilayer structure reduces the water flux, and the graphene oxide membrane can generate a swelling effect in the screening process, so that the stability of the membrane is reduced.
To improve the swelling problem of graphene oxide membranes and increase the water flux of the membranes, some researchers have used functional molecular crosslinking on graphene oxide[3]Nano intercalation[4]Chemical reduction of[5]And the like. These methods enable the water flux of the membrane to be increasedHigh, but the sieving quality of the membrane is affected. In addition, chemical reduction can cause the water flux of the membrane to be extremely reduced[6,7]. The alkali metal ion crosslinking can accurately control the distance between graphene oxide sheets, and the accuracy can reach the Hermitian level[8]However, this method still has a problem of low water flux. The physical method has outstanding performance in limiting the swelling of the graphene oxide film[7,9]In order to ensure that the water flux of the membrane is improved on the premise of high sieving performance, the graphene oxide membrane is subjected to external treatment, so that the swelling of the graphene oxide membrane is limited within a certain range, and high water flux and high salt sieving rate are obtained[7]However, this method needs to be performed under a high pressure environment, and the control requirement on the pretightening force is high. Therefore, the preparation of the nanofiltration membrane with high water flux, higher sieving performance and higher stability is urgently needed.
Reference documents:
[1]Wang,L.；Williams,C.M.；Boutilier,M.S.H.；Kidambi,P.R.；Karnik,R.Single-Layer Graphene Membranes Withstand Ultrahigh Applied Pressure.NanoLett.2017,17,3081–3088,DOI:10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00442.
[2]Surwade,S.P.；Smirnov,S.N.；Vlassiouk,I.V.；Unocic,R.R.；Veith,G.M.；Dai,S.；Mahurin,S.M.Water Desalination Using Nanoporous Single-LayerGraphene.Nat.Nanotechnol.2015,10,459–464,DOI:10.1038/nnano.2015.37.
[3]Hung,W.S.；Tsou,C.H.；De Guzman,M.；An,Q.F.；Liu,Y.L.；Zhang,Y.M.；Hu,C.C.；Lee,K.R.；Lai,J.Y.Cross-Linking with Diamine Monomers to Prepare Composite Graphene Oxide-Framework Membranes with Varying d-Spacing.Chem.Mater.2014,26,2983–2990,DOI:10.1021/cm5007873.
[4]W.Hung,T.Lin,Y.Chiao,A.Sengupta,Y.Hsiao,S.R.Wickramasinghe,C.Hu,K.Lee,J.LaiGra phene-induced tuning of the d-spacing of graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membranes for frictionless capillary action-induced enhancement of water permeability.Mater.Chem.A,6(2018),pp.19445-19454.
[5]Akbari,A.et al.Large-area graphene-based nanofiltration membranes by shear alignment of discotic nematic liquid crystals of graphene oxide.Nat.Commum.7,10891(2016).
[6]Nair,R.R.；Wu,H.A.；Jayaram,P.N.；Grigorieva,I.V.；Geim,A.K.Unimpeded Permeation of Water Through Helium-Leak-TightGraphene-BasedMembranes.Science 2012,335,442–444,DOI:10.1126/science.1211694.
[7]Li Wanbin,Wu Wufeng,Li Zhanjun.Controlling Interlayer Spacing of Graphene Oxide Membranes by External Pressure Regulation.[J].ACS nano,2018,12(9).
[8]Chen,L.；Shi,G.；Shen,J.；Peng,B.；Zhang,B.；Wang,Y.；Bian,F.；Wang,J.；Li,D.；Qian,Z.；Xu,G.；Liu,G.；Zeng,J.；Zhang,L.；Yang,Y.；Zhou,G.；Wu,M.；Jin,W.；Li,J.；Fang,H.Ion Sieving in Graphene Oxide Membranes via Cationic Control of Interlayer Spacing.Nature 2017,550,380–383,DOI:10.1038/nature24044.
[9]Abraham,J.；Vasu,K.S.；Williams,C.D.；Gopinadhan,K.；Su,Y.；Cherian,C.T.；Dix,J.；Prestat,E.；Haigh,S.J.；Grigorieva,I.V.；Carbone,P.；Geim,A.K.；Nair,R.R.Tuneable Sieving of Ions Using Graphene Oxide Membranes.Nat.Nanotechnol.2017,12,546–550,DOI:10.1038/nnano.2017.21.
disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention mainly aims to provide the graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane, which utilizes the idea of charge action and the principle of polarity action and improves the screening performance, the pollution resistance and the stability of the nanofiltration membrane on the premise of ensuring larger water flux.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the preparation method of the graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane, namely, the multilayer 'sandwich structure' nanofiltration membrane is obtained in a pressure-assisted self-assembly manner.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned primary object, the solution of the present invention is:
a graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane is of a sandwich structure formed by deposition of an upper layer, an intermediate layer and a lower layer; the upper layer and the lower layer are both modified graphene oxide obtained by the graphene oxide through a crosslinking reaction, and the surface of the modified graphene oxide is positively charged or non-polar; the middle layer is made of graphene oxide.
Preferably, when the crosslinking agent is Polyethyleneimine (PEI) during the crosslinking reaction, the surface of the modified graphene oxide is positively charged.
Preferably, when the crosslinking agent is gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (silane coupling agent KH-550) during the crosslinking reaction, the surface of the modified graphene oxide is non-polar.
In order to achieve the second objective, the solution of the invention is:
the preparation method of the graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing and depositing the lower modified graphene oxide layer;
(2) depositing the graphene oxide of the middle layer on the surface of the modified graphene oxide of the lower layer in the step (1);
(3) and (3) depositing the upper modified graphene oxide layer on the surface of the graphene oxide layer in the middle layer obtained in the step (2) to obtain the graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane.
Preferably, in the step (1) and the step (3), the preparation process of the modified graphene oxide is as follows: and reacting the graphene oxide with a cross-linking agent to obtain the modified graphene oxide.
Preferably, when the crosslinking agent is Polyethyleneimine (PEI), the surface of the modified graphene oxide is positively charged.
Preferably, when the cross-linking agent is gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH-550), the surface of the modified graphene oxide is non-polar.
In order to achieve the third object, the solution of the present invention is:
an application of the graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane in water treatment.
Due to the adoption of the scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the modified graphene oxide provided by the invention is reacted with different cross-linking agents, so that the surface of the modified graphene oxide is positively charged or non-polar. Specifically, the charge concept is utilized to change the charge property of the graphene oxide, so that the sieving performance and the stability of the nanofiltration membrane are improved, namely the potential of the prepared sandwich structure nanofiltration membrane is positive/negative/positive, which is similar to the principle that like poles repel and opposite poles attract in the natural world, and when the nanofiltration membrane is used for treating a solution (such as seawater) with the charge property, the electrostatic effect can enhance the sieving performance of the nanofiltration membrane and enhance the stability of the nanofiltration membrane. The polarity of the graphene oxide is changed by utilizing a polarity action principle, so that the anti-pollution capacity of the nanofiltration membrane is improved, namely the graphene oxide is provided with oleophilic groups by using a cross-linking agent, namely the functional groups are nonpolar, the modified graphene oxide is hydrophobic at the moment, and the prepared nanofiltration membrane with the sandwich structure is nonpolar/polar/nonpolar, so that the service life and the anti-pollution capacity of the membrane in an aqueous solution can be effectively prolonged, and the water flux of the nanofiltration membrane can not be reduced.
Secondly, the oxygen-containing functional groups in the graphene oxide film can be hydrated with water molecules in the screening process, so that the interlayer spacing of graphene oxide sheets in the graphene oxide film is increased, and the swelling effect is generated; the graphene oxide has a large amount of hydrated functional groups on the surface to enable the graphene oxide to have hydrophilicity, then the graphene oxide reacts with a cross-linking agent to reduce the number of oxygen-containing functional group carboxyl groups and generate amide bonds with hydrophobicity, so that the hydrophilicity of the modified graphene oxide is reduced, the swelling effect is improved, the graphene oxide in the middle layer is protected by a sandwich structure (the upper and lower layers of the modified graphene oxide play a role in protection), the graphene oxide performs a cross-linking reaction with the cross-linking agent, namely the carboxyl groups in the graphene oxide react with the amino groups in the cross-linking agent to obtain the amide bonds, so that the swelling problem of the nanofiltration membrane is better improved, namely the nanofiltration membrane with the sandwich structure effectively restricts the swelling of the graphene oxide, and the stability of the nanofiltration membrane is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic charge diagram of the graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic polarity diagram of the graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a preparation process of the graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an infrared spectrum of a reaction between graphene oxide and a cross-linking agent polyethyleneimine.
Reference numerals: 1-graphene oxide and 2-modified graphene oxide.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
< graphene oxide composite nanofiltration Membrane >
As shown in fig. 1, the graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane of the present invention is a sandwich structure formed by deposition of an upper layer, an intermediate layer, and a lower layer. The upper layer and the lower layer are both modified graphene oxide 2 obtained by the graphene oxide 1 through a crosslinking reaction, and the middle layer is the graphene oxide 1.
Specifically, when the crosslinking agent is Polyethyleneimine (PEI) during the crosslinking reaction, Graphene Oxide (GO) reacts with polyethyleneimine to obtain modified graphene oxide 2, so that the surface of the modified graphene oxide is positively charged. The purpose of crosslinking modification is to reduce the carboxyl of the hydrophilic functional group in the graphene oxide 1 and generate an amido bond with hydrophobicity, so that the swelling problem of the nanofiltration membrane is better improved. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, measured by infrared spectroscopy: when PEI was crosslinked with GO, at 1724cm-1The centered peak (i.e., the position of the C ═ O double bond) almost disappeared, and a new absorption peak appeared at 1560cm-1This indicates that C ═ C double bonds disappear due to crosslinking of PEI-GO, and amide bonds (i.e., CO — NH) are formed. Therefore, PEI is successfully crosslinked with GO, and PEI is an organic macromolecule with higher cationic charge density, so that the surface of the modified GO is positively charged.
Wherein the crosslinking agent can also be polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA).
Or during the crosslinking reaction, the type of the crosslinking agent is changed, so that the graphene oxide 1 is provided with lipophilic group alkyl, and the surface of the modified graphene oxide 2 is nonpolar, that is, hydrophobic. When the cross-linking agent is gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550), the surface of the modified graphene oxide is non-polar. Specifically, research on chemical modification of graphene oxide by sunepitopic silane coupling agent and dodecylamine [ D]The infrared spectrum in Jiangsu university, 2012, yields: 1720cm in graphene oxide when KH550 is crosslinked with GO-1The absorption peak of carbonyl stretching vibration almost disappears, and a new absorption peak appears at 1538cm-1Therefore, it is shown that an amido bond is formed by the reaction of the amino group in the KH550 and the carboxyl group in the graphene oxide, and the KH550 is successfully crosslinked with the graphene oxide, so that the hydrophobicity of the modified graphene oxide is improved.
< preparation method of graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane >
The graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane can be prepared in a mode of vacuum filtration, spin coating or drop casting and the like besides a mode of pressure-assisted self-assembly,
as shown in fig. 4, the preparation method of the graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing and depositing a lower layer of modified graphene oxide (PGO)2, namely a first layer;
(2) then depositing Graphene Oxide (GO)1 in the middle layer on the surface of the modified graphene oxide (PGO)2 in the lower layer in the step (1), namely a second layer;
(3) and finally depositing the modified graphene oxide (PGO)2 on the upper layer on the surface of the Graphene Oxide (GO) (1) in the middle layer in the step (2), namely the third layer, so as to obtain the multilayer graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane with the sandwich structure, namely PGO/GO/PGO.
In the step (1) and the step (3), the preparation process of the modified graphene oxide 2 is as follows: and carrying out a crosslinking reaction on the graphene oxide 1 and a crosslinking agent to obtain modified graphene oxide 2.
Specifically, when the cross-linking reaction is performed, when the cross-linking agent is polyethyleneimine, the graphene oxide 1 and the polyethyleneimine react to obtain the modified graphene oxide 2, so that the surface of the modified graphene oxide is positively charged, and the potential of the obtained nanofiltration membrane is positive/negative/positive, as shown in fig. 2.
Or the type of the cross-linking agent is changed, so that the graphene oxide 1 is provided with an oleophilic group, that is, when the cross-linking agent is gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH-550), the graphene oxide 1 and the gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane react to obtain the modified graphene oxide 2, so that the surface of the modified graphene oxide 2 is nonpolar, and the obtained nanofiltration membrane is nonpolar/polar/nonpolar (as shown in FIG. 3), that is, has hydrophobicity.
< application of graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane >
The graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane can be applied to water treatment.
The previous description of the specific embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a compound nanofiltration membrane of oxidation graphite alkene which characterized in that: it is a sandwich structure formed by deposition of an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer;
the upper layer and the lower layer are both modified graphene oxide obtained by graphene oxide through a crosslinking reaction, and the surface of the modified graphene oxide is positively charged or non-polar;
the intermediate layer is graphene oxide.
2. The graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane according to claim 1, wherein: in the crosslinking reaction, when the crosslinking agent is polyethyleneimine, the surface of the modified graphene oxide is positively charged.
3. The graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane according to claim 1, wherein: when the cross-linking agent is gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane during the cross-linking reaction, the surface of the modified graphene oxide is non-polar.
4. A method for preparing a graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing and depositing the lower modified graphene oxide layer;
(2) depositing the graphene oxide of the middle layer on the surface of the modified graphene oxide of the lower layer in the step (1);
(3) and (3) depositing the upper modified graphene oxide layer on the surface of the graphene oxide layer in the middle layer obtained in the step (2) to obtain the graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: in the step (1) and the step (3), the preparation process of the modified graphene oxide is as follows: and reacting the graphene oxide with a cross-linking agent to obtain the modified graphene oxide.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: when the cross-linking agent is polyethyleneimine, the surface of the modified graphene oxide is positively charged.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein: when the cross-linking agent is gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, the surface of the modified graphene oxide is nonpolar.
8. The application of the graphene oxide composite nanofiltration membrane as claimed in claim 1 in water treatment.
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