CN111343198A - System and method for realizing broadcast video IP based on multicast VLAN technology - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
- H04L65/75—Media network packet handling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
- H04L12/4641—Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN]
- H04L12/4645—Details on frame tagging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/50—Address allocation
- H04L61/5007—Internet protocol [IP] addresses
- H04L61/5014—Internet protocol [IP] addresses using dynamic host configuration protocol [DHCP] or bootstrap protocol [BOOTP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
- H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
- H04L65/611—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for multicast or broadcast
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
- H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
- H04L65/612—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for unicast
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/64—Addressing
- H04N21/6405—Multicasting
Abstract
The invention relates to a system and a method for realizing broadcast video IP based on multicast VLAN technology. The system comprises a DHCP server, a signal source, SDN equipment, a service switch, C-CMTS equipment, a KEY value machine, a distributor and CM equipment; the signal source is connected with SDN equipment, the SDN equipment and the DHCP server are respectively connected with a service switch through a network, the KEY value machine and the service switch are connected with C-CMTS equipment, and the C-CMTS equipment is connected to different CM equipment through a distributor. The method mainly realizes full-service IP transmission of bidirectional service, broadcast video, video on demand service and the like of the C-CMTS equipment by utilizing the multicast VLAN technology, effectively utilizes the large bandwidth of the downlink frequency point and the uplink and downlink asymmetric transmission characteristics of the C-CMTS equipment, can fully improve the bandwidth utilization rate of the frequency point, and reduces networking cost and maintenance cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of broadcasting and television, and particularly relates to a system and a method for realizing broadcast video IP based on a multicast VLAN technology.
Background
With the rapid development of communication technology and broadcast television technology, cable television networks are transitioning to next-generation broadcast television networks. With the development of services, users have made higher requirements on the quality and the bearing capacity of cable television networks, live television services are developed from standard definition and high definition to 4K/8K ultra-definition programs, internet access services are increased to over 100M, and the number of live and on-demand video programs is increased explosively. While the traditional broadcast and television operator access network generally adopts a 75-ohm coaxial cable medium, the live television program fixedly occupies the wireless frequency spectrum and is issued in a broadcast mode, and the data service generally strives for the frequency spectrum with the live program, so that the problems of 'fast internet surfing', 'difficult capacity expansion of the total number of video programs', 'programs which can not support code streams of more than 40 Mbps' and the like are caused, and the basic access network of the operator is in a vicious circle.
The C-DOCSIS is a broadband access technology based on a cable television network, can realize the comprehensive services of large bandwidth home entry, video bearing, voice, data and the like, can effectively solve the bandwidth bottleneck problem of a broadcast and television bidirectional access network, and meets the requirement of a user on the integration of three networks. The important technical characteristic of three-network convergence is that various new services all use IP as a bearer protocol, and a multi-service convergence framework is based on the IP protocol, so that the IP-based broadcast network, which is one of the three-network convergence basic networks, is also a necessary trend for the development thereof. The process of the IP is divided into three stages, namely front-end platform IP, transmission network IP and user terminal IP, and most radio and television operators have finished IP transformation of front-end and core networks under the promotion of data internet service. The coaxial access network is the last difficult point to be overcome for the IP network transformation of the current radio and television operators.
In the C-DOCSIS system architecture, a C-CMTS device serves as a C-DOCSIS head end, is connected with a coaxial distribution network and a convergence network, is responsible for data forwarding between the coaxial distribution network and the convergence network, and is accessed to a service system, a configuration system and a network management system of an operator through the convergence network. In conventional networking, video services including on-demand and live video are typically implemented by QAM modulation equipment, and the C-CMTS is responsible for the transmission of bi-directional traffic. The video stream is transmitted by using QAM modulation equipment, which has the following disadvantages:
1) the quality and quantity of the programs are greatly restricted by the bandwidth of the frequency points. The bandwidth of a single 8MHz frequency point under 64QAM modulation is 38Mbps, about 4 sets of high definition (MPEG-4) can be played, and only one set of 4K programs can be played at present.
2) Live programs occupy a large amount of bandwidth for a long time. Whether an actual user watches or not, all live programs are transmitted in a channel, so that even if the number of programs is not increased, the existing frequency points can not meet the requirement of future high-bit-rate videos gradually along with the increase of the bit rate of a single program.
3) The number of on-demand programs is limited. The on-demand program is characterized by complete individuation, the programs requested by each user are different contents during transmission, a large amount of bandwidth is occupied, and phenomena of incapability of requesting or video blockage and the like can be caused after a certain amount of requests are exceeded.
4) Frequency point bandwidth 'fragmentation' cannot be fully utilized. The bandwidth of a single 8MHz frequency point under 64QAM modulation is 38Mbps for example, high-definition programs are encoded by H.264, one set of code rate is about 8-12 Mbps, if the high-definition programs are calculated according to 8Mbps, 4 sets of high-definition programs can be transmitted, and the programs cannot be played again in the residual 6Mbps bandwidth, so that vacant waste is caused.
5) The cost of the user receiving end is too high. Live broadcast and on-demand broadcast pushed by QAM debugging equipment are transmitted by adopting RF, a user terminal needs to be received by a high-frequency head with a DVB-C format, converted into TS (transport stream) and then converted into an analog signal by an STB (set top box) to be transmitted to user equipment, and a user receiving end needs to adopt a special receiving box provided by an operator, so that social popularization cannot be realized, and the cost price is high.
6) The maintenance cost is high. In the mode, QAM equipment needs to be maintained, C-CMTS equipment used in a matched mode also needs to be maintained, multiple sets of equipment are prone to generating multiple fault points, the difficulty of troubleshooting is increased, and more labor cost is consumed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a system and a method for implementing broadcast video IP based on multicast VLAN technology, which solve the above drawbacks.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the invention provides a system for realizing IP (Internet protocol) of broadcast videos based on a multicast VLAN (virtual local area network) technology.
The system comprises: a DHCP server, a signal source, an SDN device, a service switch, a C-CMTS device, a distributor and a CM device. The SDN equipment and the DHCP server are respectively connected with the service switch through a network, the service switch is connected with the C-CMTS equipment, the C-CMTS equipment is connected to different CM equipment through a distributor, and the CM equipment is connected with the user terminal.
As a further improvement:
the SDN equipment is used for pushing the multicast stream sent by the signal source to a service switch, and a VLAN label is marked before the multicast stream enters the service switch; the CM equipment is used for verifying the multicast application message submitted by the user terminal, marking a VLAN label on the message, and then forwarding the message to the service switch through the C-CMTS equipment; and the service switch is used for forwarding the multicast stream to the CM device through the C-CMTS device corresponding to the access port according to the received application message, and stripping the VLAN label before the multicast stream is sent to the user terminal by the CM device.
The system also includes a KEY value machine connected to the C-CMTS device. The KEY value machine is used for monitoring N downlink frequency points of which the available width for transmitting the multicast stream is reduced from large to small and the current C-CMTS equipment changes the level of the contact pins of the corresponding frequency points, then generates a KEY value according to the level distribution condition of all the current contact pins and feeds the KEY value back to the C-CMTS equipment; the C-CMTS equipment is used for forwarding the multicast stream through the N downlink frequency points according to the received KEY value and simultaneously sending a DBC message with the KEY value to the CM equipment; and the CM equipment is used for locking a corresponding frequency point according to the KEY value, receiving and transmitting a corresponding multicast stream to the user terminal.
The system also includes a network core switch through which the SDN device accesses the network.
The signal source comprises a live signal source and a demand signal source.
The user terminal comprises a set top box, a computer and the like; the set-top box can adopt any set-top box supporting the android system in the market.
The CM equipment is DOCSIS3.0 or above and supports the functions of receiving a plurality of frequency points and binding downlink channels.
The KEY value machine adopts a single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer preferably adopts an SYM32 chip to quickly perform data interaction comparison and feedback.
The C-CMTS equipment supports 32 frequency points in the downstream.
On the other hand, based on the system, the invention also provides a method for realizing IP of the broadcast video based on the multicast VLAN technology.
The method comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the steps that multicast streams pushed out by a signal source pass through SDN equipment, VLAN labels are printed on the multicast streams and then the multicast streams are pushed to a service switch, and the service switch does not forward the multicast streams when multicast applications are not received;
2) the user terminal selects a program through an EPG list issued by a DHCP server to generate a multicast application message, the multicast application message is verified by CM equipment and then is marked with a VLAN label, and the multicast application message marked with the VLAN label is forwarded to a service switch through C-CMTS equipment;
3) the service switch forwards the multicast stream received from the upper layer to the C-CMTS equipment according to the received multicast application message, the C-CMTS equipment forwards the multicast stream to the CM equipment, and the CM equipment strips the VLAN label of the received multicast stream and sends the stripped multicast stream to the user terminal.
As a further improvement:
the process of forwarding the multicast stream to the CM device by the C-CMTS device is as follows:
monitoring N downlink frequency points of which the available width of a transmission multicast stream is reduced from large by current C-CMTS equipment through a KEY value machine, changing the level of a contact pin of a corresponding frequency point, and generating a KEY value according to the level distribution condition of all current contact pins; the C-CMTS device selects N downlink frequency points for forwarding the multicast stream according to the KEY value and sends DBC messages with the KEY value to the CM device; and the CM equipment is used for locking a corresponding frequency point according to the KEY value and receiving a corresponding multicast stream.
Further, the KEY value generation process is as follows:
firstly, feeding back the frequency point N with the maximum current available broadband through a KEY value machine1The channel of the frequency point transmits the multicast stream, and the contact pin of the frequency point is set to be high level and takes 1; under the condition that the broadband of the current frequency point is insufficient, another channel with the lowest broadband utilization rate is bound, and the frequency point N corresponding to the channel is simultaneously used2The contact pin is set to be high level and takes 1, and the rest is analogized until the Nth frequency point NnThe bandwidth of transmission can be met; the contact pins of the other frequency points are set to be low level and take 0; and finally, generating a KEY value according to the values and arrangement conditions of all the current contact pins.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the system of the invention has simple realization structure, does not need complex and expensive equipment, screens complex QAM equipment, and saves a large amount of equipment cost and later maintenance cost; the VLAN multicast technology is adopted to realize the transmission of the video stream as required, so that the bandwidth can be effectively saved; the receiving end of the user equipment simplifies upgrading, removes the traditional DVB-C tuner, reduces the cost of the set-top box, does not need to specify the set-top box, and greatly solves the limitation of using the set-top box by a user. The C-CMTS equipment and the CM equipment can also adopt a downlink channel dynamic binding technology, effectively utilize channel fragments, combine a channel equalization technology, save bandwidth, improve the network utilization rate, provide user network bandwidth to the maximum extent and provide excellent network experience.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a system according to a preferred embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method of the preferred embodiment.
The reference numbers in the figures are: 1. a terminal device; 2. a set-top box; 3. a CM device; 4. a dispenser; 5. a C-CMTS device; 6. a service switch; 7. a network; 8. a DHCP server; 9. an SDN device; 10. a live broadcast signal source; 11. a request signal source; 12. a network core switch; 13. KEY value machine.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, there will now be described in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a non-limiting detailed description of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the system for implementing IP of broadcast video based on multicast VLAN technology of this embodiment includes a DHCP server 8, a signal source, an SDN device 9, a service switch 6, a C-CMTS device 5, a distributor 4, a CM device 3, a KEY value machine 13, and a network core switch 12. The signal sources include a live signal source 10 and a on-demand signal source 11. The signal source is connected to an SDN device 9, and the SDN device 9 accesses the network 7 through a network core switch 12. The network core switch 12 and the DHCP server 8 are connected to the service switch 6 through the network 7, respectively. The network 7 is a ten-thousand megabyte metropolitan area network. The service switch 6 is connected to the C-CMTS device 5, the C-CMTS device 5 is tapped to a different CM device 3 via the distributor 4, and the CM device 3 is connected to subscriber terminals. The KEY value machine 13 is connected to the C-CMTS device 5. The user terminal is constituted by a set-top box 2 connected to the CM device 3 and a terminal device 1 (typically a display) connected to the set-top box 2. The CM device 3 is DOCSIS3.0 or more, and supports multiple frequency point receiving and downlink channel binding functions. The KEY value machine 13 adopts a singlechip of a SYM32 chip. The C-CMTS device 5 supports 32 frequency bins downstream.
The SDN device 9 is configured to push a multicast stream sent by a signal source to the service switch 6, and mark a VLAN tag on the multicast stream before the multicast stream enters the service switch 6; the CM device 3 is used for verifying the multicast application message submitted by the user terminal, then marking a multicast VLAN label, and then forwarding the multicast application message to the service switch 6 through the C-CMTS device 5; the service switch 6 is configured to forward the multicast stream to the CM device 3 through the C-CMTS device 5 corresponding to the access port according to the received application packet, and strip the VLAN tag before the multicast stream is sent to the user terminal by the CM device 3.
The KEY value machine 13 is configured to monitor that the current C-CMTS device 5 meets N downlink frequency points where the available width of the transmission multicast stream is decreased from large to small, change the level of the contact pins of the corresponding frequency points, generate a KEY value according to the level distribution of all the current contact pins, and feed back the KEY value to the C-CMTS device 5; the C-CMTS device 5 is used for forwarding the multicast stream through the N downlink frequency points according to the received KEY value and simultaneously sending a DBC message with the KEY value to the CM device 3; the CM device 3 is used for locking the corresponding frequency point according to the KEY value, receiving and transmitting the corresponding multicast stream to the user terminal.
Referring to fig. 2, based on the above system, the method for implementing IP of broadcast video based on multicast VLAN technology of this embodiment includes the following steps:
1) a multicast stream pushed out by a signal source passes through SDN equipment 9, is labeled with a VLAN label and then is pushed to a service switch 6, and when the service switch 6 does not receive a multicast application, the service switch 6 controls the multicast stream to be not forwarded at an upper connection port according to a multicast VLAN protocol;
2) accessing a CM device 3, issuing configuration to the CM device 3 and a C-CMTS device 5 by a DHCP server 8, obtaining a configuration file and an EPG (electronic program guide) list by the CM device 3, wherein the configuration file of the CM device 3 comprises a multicast list, a file for inserting a multicast VLAN (virtual local area network) tag and a file for decoding KEY; the user terminal selects a program through the issued EPG list to generate a multicast application message, the multicast application message is matched with the multicast list through a configuration file of the CM device 3, if the multicast application message is matched with the multicast list, a VLAN label is marked, otherwise, the message is discarded, and the multicast application message with the VLAN label is transmitted to the service switch 6 through the C-CMTS device 5;
3) the service switch 6 forwards the multicast stream received from the upper layer to the C-CMTS device 5 according to the received multicast application packet, the C-CMTS device 5 forwards the multicast stream to the CM device 3, the CM device 3 strips the VLAN tag of the received multicast stream and sends the stripped multicast stream to the user terminal, and the user can watch the required program.
The process of forwarding the multicast stream to the CM device 3 by the C-CMTS device 5 is as follows: monitoring N downlink frequency points of which the current C-CMTS device 5 meets the requirement of transmitting the available width of the multicast stream from large to small through a KEY value machine 13, changing the level of the contact pins of the corresponding frequency points, and then generating a KEY value according to the level distribution condition of all the current contact pins; the C-CMTS device 5 selects N downlink frequency points for forwarding the multicast stream according to the KEY value, and sends DBC messages with the KEY value to the CM device 3; the CM device 3 is configured to lock the corresponding frequency point set according to the KEY value, and receive the corresponding multicast stream.
Specifically, the KEY value generation process is as follows: firstly, feeding back the frequency point N with the maximum available broadband through the KEY value machine 131The channel of the frequency point transmits the multicast stream, and the contact pin of the frequency point is set to be high level and takes 1; under the condition of the current frequency point broadband step, another channel with the lowest broadband utilization rate is bound, and the frequency point N corresponding to the channel is simultaneously used2The contact pin is set to be high level and takes 1, and the rest is analogized until the Nth frequency point NnThe bandwidth of transmission can be met; the contact pins of the other frequency points are set to be low level and 0 is taken; and finally, the KEY value machine 13 can generate a KEY value according to the values and the arrangement conditions of all the current contact pins.
Claims (9)
1. The system for realizing the IP of the broadcast video based on the multicast VLAN technology is characterized in that:
the system comprises a DHCP server (8), a signal source, SDN equipment (9), a service switch (6), C-CMTS equipment (5), a distributor (4) and CM equipment (3); the signal source is connected with SDN equipment (9), SDN equipment (9) and DHCP server (8) are connected with service switch (6) through network (7) respectively, service switch (6) are connected C-CMTS equipment (5), C-CMTS equipment (5) are shunted to different CM equipment (3) through distributor (4), CM equipment (3) are connected with user terminal.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein:
the SDN equipment (9) is used for pushing the multicast stream sent by the signal source to the service switch (6), and a VLAN label is marked before the multicast stream enters the service switch (6); the CM device (3) is used for verifying the multicast application message submitted by the user terminal, marking a VLAN label on the message, and then forwarding the message to the service switch (6) through the C-CMTS device (5); and the service switch (6) is used for forwarding the multicast stream to the CM device (3) through the C-CMTS device (5) corresponding to the access port according to the received application message, and stripping the VLAN label before the multicast stream is sent to the user terminal by the CM device (3).
3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
and a KEY value machine (13) connected with the C-CMTS device (5).
4. The system of claim 3, wherein:
the KEY value machine (13) is used for monitoring N downlink frequency points of the current C-CMTS device (5) which meet the requirement that the available width of the transmission multicast stream is reduced from large to small, changing the level of the contact pins of the corresponding frequency points, generating a KEY value according to the level distribution condition of all the current contact pins and feeding back the KEY value to the C-CMTS device (5); the C-CMTS device (5) is used for forwarding the multicast stream through the N downlink frequency points according to the received KEY value and simultaneously sending a DBC message with the KEY value to the CM device (3); and the CM device (3) is used for locking the corresponding frequency point according to the KEY value, receiving and transmitting the corresponding multicast stream to the user terminal.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein:
the SDN device further comprises a network core switch (12), and the SDN device (9) is connected to the network (7) through the network core switch (12).
6. The system of claim 1, wherein:
the signal sources include a live signal source (10) and a demand signal source (11).
7. The method for realizing the IP of the broadcast video based on the multicast VLAN technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the multicast flow pushed out by the signal source passes through SDN equipment (9), is marked with a VLAN label and then is pushed to a service switch (6), and when the service switch (6) does not receive a multicast application, the multicast flow is not forwarded;
2) the user terminal generates a multicast application message through an EPG (electronic program guide) list selected program issued by the DHCP server (8), the multicast application message is verified by the CM (3) and then is labeled with a VLAN (virtual local area network) label, and the multicast application message labeled with the VLAN label is forwarded to the service switch (6) through the C-CMTS (5);
3) the service switch (6) forwards the multicast stream received from the upper layer to the C-CMTS device (5) according to the received multicast application message, the C-CMTS device (5) forwards the multicast stream to the CM device (3), and the CM device (3) strips the VLAN label of the received multicast stream and sends the stripped VLAN label to the user terminal.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the C-CMTS device (5) forwards the multicast stream to the CM device (3) by:
monitoring N downlink frequency points of which the current C-CMTS equipment (5) meets the requirement of transmitting the available width of the multicast stream from large to small by a KEY value machine (13), changing the level of contact pins of corresponding frequency points, and generating a KEY value according to the level distribution condition of all current contact pins; the C-CMTS device (5) selects N downlink frequency points for forwarding the multicast stream according to the KEY value, and sends DBC messages with the KEY value to the CM device (3); and the CM device (3) is used for locking the corresponding frequency point according to the KEY value and receiving the corresponding multicast stream.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the KEY value is generated by:
firstly, feeding back the frequency point N with the maximum current available broadband through a KEY value machine (13)1The channel of the frequency point transmits the multicast stream, and the contact pin of the frequency point is set to be high level and takes 1; under the condition that the broadband of the current frequency point is insufficient, another channel with the lowest broadband utilization rate is bound, and the frequency point N corresponding to the channel is simultaneously used2The contact pin is set to be high level and takes 1, and the rest is analogized until the Nth frequency point NnThe bandwidth of transmission can be met; the contact pins of the other frequency points are set to be low level and take 0; the KEY value machine (13) can generate a KEY value according to the values and the arrangement conditions of all the current contact pins.
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