CN111343122B - Coding and decoding method and device for polarized multi-carrier orthogonal serial number modulation system - Google Patents

Coding and decoding method and device for polarized multi-carrier orthogonal serial number modulation system Download PDF

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CN111343122B
CN111343122B CN202010086897.XA CN202010086897A CN111343122B CN 111343122 B CN111343122 B CN 111343122B CN 202010086897 A CN202010086897 A CN 202010086897A CN 111343122 B CN111343122 B CN 111343122B
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serial number
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CN111343122A (en
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牛凯
朴瑨楠
戴金晟
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2627—Modulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0057—Block codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
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Abstract

The invention discloses a coding and decoding method and a device of a polarized multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system, wherein the coding method comprises the following steps: coding serial number code blocks in the polar code blocks of the N sending time slots to obtain a coding vector of each serial number code block; for each sending time slot, acquiring element values of corresponding serial numbers in the code vectors of code blocks of the serial numbers according to the serial numbers of the sending time slot, and calculating serial number bearing carrier numbers of an I path and a Q path of the sending time slot according to the acquired element values; and for each sending time slot, setting real parts and imaginary parts of sending symbols with sequence numbers respectively equal to I, Q paths of sequence numbers bearing carrier numbers of the sending time slot in a sending symbol vector of the sending time slot to be 0, and then sending. The invention can realize the channel coding scheme of the polarization code in the OFDM-IM system, so that the OFDM-IM system can become a physical layer transmission system suitable for the next generation communication system 5G.

Description

Coding and decoding method and device for polarized multi-carrier orthogonal serial number modulation system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an encoding and decoding method and device for a polarized multi-carrier orthogonal serial number modulation system.
Background
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing with Index Modulation, OFDM-IM) is a new type of multicarrier transmission scheme proposed in recent years. It has the same characteristics as the traditional multi-carrier technology, such as high spectrum efficiency, strong multipath effect resistance and the like. Compared with the traditional multi-carrier technology, OFDM-IM is easier to construct a low peak-to-average ratio transmission signal, has stronger system robustness under high-speed wireless transmission, and can provide a new compromise between the system spectrum efficiency and the transmission performance. These advantages make OFDM-IM promising as a physical layer transmission technique in future mobile communications.
Polar Code (Polar Code) is the only channel coding technique that can theoretically prove to reach shannon limit at present and has practical linear complexity coding and decoding capability, and becomes a strong candidate for a channel coding scheme in a next generation communication system 5G, and can be used as a coding scheme of a control channel.
Therefore, the inventor of the present invention considers that it is necessary to provide a scheme for applying a polarization code to the OFDM-IM system so that the OFDM-IM system can become a physical layer transmission system adapted to the next generation communication system 5G.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to provide encoding and decoding methods and apparatuses for a polar multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system, so that an OFDM multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number I/Q modulation system can form a polar multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system based on a channel coding scheme of a polar code in a next generation communication system 5G, and becomes a physical layer transmission system suitable for the next generation communication system 5G.
Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a coding method for a polar multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system, which comprises:
coding serial code blocks in the polar code blocks of the N sending time slots of the modulation system according to a polar code generating matrix to obtain a coding vector of each serial code block;
for each sending time slot, acquiring element values of corresponding serial numbers in the code vectors of code blocks of the serial numbers according to the serial numbers of the sending time slot, and calculating serial number bearing carrier numbers of an I path and a Q path of the sending time slot according to the element values acquired from the code vectors of the code blocks of the serial numbers and a preset serial number mapping expression;
coding modulation symbol code blocks in the polar code blocks of the N sending time slots according to a polar code generating matrix and carrying out rate adaptation to obtain a coding vector of each modulation symbol code block; phase Amplitude Modulation (PAM) symbol mapping is carried out according to the coding vector of each modulation symbol code block to obtain a transmission symbol vector of each transmission time slot;
for each sending time slot, setting the real part of the sending symbol with the serial number equal to the I path serial number bearing carrier number of the sending time slot in the sending symbol vector of the sending time slot as 0, and setting the imaginary part of the sending symbol with the serial number equal to the Q path serial number bearing carrier number of the sending time slot as 0, and then mapping the sending symbol vector of the sending time slot as the final sending sequence of the sending time slot to the corresponding carrier respectively for sending.
The encoding method includes the steps of encoding serial number code blocks in polar code blocks of N sending time slots of the modulation system according to a polar code generator matrix to obtain encoding vectors of the code blocks with the serial numbers, and specifically includes the following steps:
the code vector of the ith code block is ci＝uiG2N；
Wherein G is2NFor 2N × 2N polarization code generation matrix uiIs a polarization code information sequence with the length of 2N.
The method includes the steps of obtaining element values of corresponding sequence numbers in code vectors of code blocks of each sequence number according to the sequence number of the transmission time slot, and calculating serial number bearing carrier numbers of an I path and a Q path of the transmission time slot according to the element values obtained from the code vectors of the code blocks of each sequence number and a preset sequence number mapping expression, and specifically includes:
in N sending time slots, the I path serial number of the kth sending time slot bears the carrier number of
Figure BDA0002382378560000031
The Q-way serial number carries the carrier number of
Figure BDA0002382378560000032
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002382378560000033
representing a sequence number mapping expression; c. C1,2k-1,…,cnt/2,2k-1Respectively represent 1 st to 1 st
Figure BDA0002382378560000034
The 2k-1 element value in the coding vector of the code block with the serial number; c. C1,2k,…,cnt/2,2kRespectively represent 1 st to 1 st
Figure BDA0002382378560000035
The 2k element value in the coded vector of the code block of the index number.
The mapping of the phase amplitude modulation PAM symbol is performed according to the code vector of each modulation symbol code block to obtain the transmission symbol vector of each transmission time slot, and the mapping specifically includes:
for the transmission symbol vectors of N transmission slots, the transmission symbol vector of the k-th slot is xk，xkWherein the qth transmission symbol is
Figure BDA0002382378560000036
Wherein x isk,qReal part of
Figure BDA0002382378560000037
xk,qImaginary part of
Figure BDA0002382378560000038
Wherein f is 2 (N)t-1)(k-1)+2(q-1)+1，g＝2(Nt-1)(k-1)+2(q-1)+2，
Figure BDA0002382378560000039
Representing PAM modulation symbol mapping.
Wherein, the setting of the real part of the transmission symbol vector of the transmission time slot with the sequence number equal to the I-path sequence number carrying carrier number of the transmission time slot as 0 and the imaginary part of the transmission symbol of the sequence number equal to the Q-path sequence number carrying carrier number of the transmission time slot as 0 specifically includes:
vector of transmission symbols x for the kth transmission slotkLet x bekIn (1)
Figure BDA00023823785600000310
Figure BDA00023823785600000311
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA00023823785600000312
representing a vector xkMiddle (t)k,1One of the transmission symbols is transmitted,
Figure BDA00023823785600000313
representing a vector xkMiddle (t)k,2And a transmit symbol.
The invention also provides a decoding method of the polarized multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system, which comprises the following steps:
decoding serial number code blocks in the polar code blocks from the received receiving sequence of the N time slots, and calculating I-path and Q-path serial number bearing carrier numbers of each time slot according to the decoded serial number code blocks and a preset serial number mapping expression;
for the receiving sequence of each time slot, removing the real part of the element of which the serial number is equal to the I path serial number bearing carrier number of the time slot in the receiving sequence of the time slot, and removing the imaginary part of the element of which the serial number is equal to the Q path serial number bearing carrier number of the time slot in the receiving sequence of the time slot; and then decoding modulation symbol code blocks in the polar code blocks according to the receiving sequence of each time slot.
The invention also provides a coding device of the polarized multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system, which comprises:
the sequence number coding modules are respectively used for coding each sequence number code block in the polar code blocks of the N sending time slots of the modulation system according to a polar code generating matrix to obtain a coding vector of the sequence number code block;
a serial number mapping module, configured to, for each sending timeslot, obtain, according to the serial number of the sending timeslot, an element value of a corresponding serial number in a code vector of each serial number code block, and calculate, according to the element value obtained from the code vector of each serial number code block and a preset serial number mapping expression, a serial number bearing carrier number of the I-path and the Q-path of the sending timeslot;
the modulation symbol code encoding modules are respectively used for encoding each modulation symbol code block in the polarization code blocks of the N sending time slots according to a polarization code generating matrix and carrying out rate adaptation to obtain an encoding vector of the modulation symbol code block;
the symbol mapping module is used for mapping Phase Amplitude Modulation (PAM) symbols according to the coding vectors of each modulation symbol code block to obtain a transmission symbol vector of each transmission time slot;
and the carrier mapping module is used for setting a real part of a sending symbol of which the serial number is equal to the I-path serial number bearing carrier number of the sending time slot as 0 in a sending symbol vector of each sending time slot, setting an imaginary part of the sending symbol of which the serial number is equal to the Q-path serial number bearing carrier number of the sending time slot as 0, and mapping the sending symbol vector of the sending time slot as a final sending sequence of the sending time slot to corresponding carriers respectively for sending.
The invention also provides a decoding device of the polarized multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system, which comprises:
nta/2 serial number decoding module, wherein the ith serial number decoding module is used for decoding log-likelihood ratio vector alpha of code block according to the ith serial numberi＝(αi,1,…,αi,2N) Calculating to obtain code words of decoding ith serial number code blocks
Figure BDA0002382378560000051
Wherein alpha isi＝(αi,1,…,αi,2N) Is a code word according to the first i-1 code number code blocks
Figure BDA0002382378560000052
And the received sequences of N time slots;
the serial number mapping module is used for calculating the serial number bearing carrier numbers of the I path and the Q path of each time slot according to the decoded code blocks of each serial number and a preset serial number mapping expression;
a modulation symbol decoding module, which is used for removing the real part of the element of which the serial number is equal to the I path serial number bearing carrier number of the time slot in the receiving sequence of the time slot and removing the imaginary part of the element of which the serial number is equal to the Q path serial number bearing carrier number of the time slot in the receiving sequence of the time slot for the receiving sequence of each time slot; and then decoding modulation symbol code blocks in the polar code blocks according to the receiving sequence of each time slot.
In the OFDM multi-carrier multi-sequence I/Q modulation system according to the embodiment of the present invention, a channel coding scheme based on a polarization code in the next-generation communication system 5G is applied: after the code blocks of the polar code blocks of the N sending time slots are coded according to the polar code generating matrix to obtain the code vectors of the code blocks of each serial number, for each sending time slot, acquiring the element values of the corresponding serial numbers in the code vectors of the code blocks of each serial number according to the serial numbers of the sending time slot, and calculating the serial number bearing carrier numbers of the I path and the Q path of the sending time slot according to the element values acquired from the code vectors of the code blocks of each serial number and a preset serial number mapping expression; coding modulation symbol code blocks in the polar code blocks of the N sending time slots according to a polar code generating matrix and carrying out rate adaptation to obtain a coding vector of each modulation symbol code block; phase Amplitude Modulation (PAM) symbol mapping is carried out according to the coding vector of each modulation symbol code block to obtain a transmission symbol vector of each transmission time slot; for each sending time slot, setting the real part of the sending symbol with the serial number equal to the I path serial number bearing carrier number of the sending time slot in the sending symbol vector of the sending time slot as 0, and setting the imaginary part of the sending symbol with the serial number equal to the Q path serial number bearing carrier number of the sending time slot as 0, and then mapping the sending symbol vector of the sending time slot as the final sending sequence of the sending time slot to the corresponding carrier respectively for sending. Therefore, the channel coding scheme based on the polar code in the next generation communication system 5G is applied to the OFDM multi-carrier multi-sequence I/Q modulation system to form a polar multi-carrier orthogonal sequence modulation system, and the system can become a physical layer transmission system suitable for the next generation communication system 5G.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a coding method based on polar codes for a polar multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a decoding method based on polar codes for a polar multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of an internal structure of an encoding apparatus of a polar multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of an internal structure of a decoding apparatus of a polar multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
It is to be noted that technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present invention should have the ordinary meanings as understood by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs, unless otherwise defined. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in this disclosure is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
The technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In polar Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) multi-carrier multi-sequence I/Q modulation, i.e. polar multi-carrier orthogonal sequence modulation systems, with NtA carrier wave; n thereoftIn each carrier, each sending time slot selects 2 carrier bearing serial numbers, one of which bears the serial number of the I path, and the other bears the serial number of the Q path, so that the bit number of the serial number modulation bearing is nt＝2log2(Nt). The modulation mode of the system is QAM modulation with the symbol number of M, and the QAM modulation symbol set is
Figure BDA0002382378560000078
The number of bits carried per symbol is m-log2(M); generally, in 4G and 5G standards, QAM modulates mapping tables I/Q, and two paths use symbols with the number of symbols
Figure BDA0002382378560000071
PAM modulation, PAM modulation symbol set as
Figure BDA0002382378560000072
Per PAM modulation symbol bearer
Figure BDA0002382378560000073
And (4) a bit. If the number of time slots transmitted by the serial number modulation system is N, the corresponding total number of transmitted PAM modulation symbols is 2 Nx (N)t-1)。
Thus, the number of polar code blocks transmitted in the N transmission slots is specified as
Figure BDA0002382378560000074
Wherein, before
Figure BDA0002382378560000075
The polarization code block is the serial number code block, the code length is 2N, and the information bit length is Ki，1≤i≤nt(ii) a Rear end
Figure BDA0002382378560000076
The code block of each polarization code is the code block of the modulation symbol, and the code length is Np＝2N×(Nt-T) and an information bit length of Aj，
Figure BDA0002382378560000077
The encoding method based on the polarization code for the polarization multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system provided by the embodiment of the invention has the specific flow as shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following steps:
step S101: and coding the serial code blocks in the polar code blocks of N sending time slots in the OFDM multi-serial I/Q modulation system according to the polar code generating matrix to obtain the coding vector of each serial code block.
In particular, N in a polar code block for N transmit slots in an OFDM multi-sequence number I/Q modulation systemtThe code vector of the ith code block is ci＝uiG2N(ii) a Wherein G is2NFor 2N × 2N polarization code generation matrix uiIs a polarization code information sequence with the length of 2N.
Step S102: and calculating the serial number bearing carrier wave numbers of the I path and the Q path of each sending time slot.
In this step, for each sending time slot, the element values of the corresponding sequence numbers in the code vectors of the code blocks of each sequence number are obtained according to the sequence numbers of the sending time slot, and the serial number bearing carrier numbers of the I path and the Q path of the sending time slot are calculated according to the element values obtained from the code vectors of the code blocks of each sequence number and a preset sequence number mapping expression.
Specifically, for N transmission time slots, the I-channel serial number of the kth transmission time slot carries the carrier number of
Figure BDA0002382378560000081
The Q-way serial number carries the carrier number of
Figure BDA0002382378560000082
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002382378560000083
representing a sequence number mapping expression, which may be any one of the mapping expressions designed by those skilled in the art to satisfy a one-to-one correspondence condition; c. C1,2k-1,…,cnt/2,2k-1Respectively represent 1 st to 1 st
Figure BDA0002382378560000084
The 2k-1 element value in the coding vector of the code block with the serial number;
Figure BDA0002382378560000087
respectively represent 1 st to 1 st
Figure BDA0002382378560000085
The 2k element value in the coded vector of the code block of the index number.
Step S103: and coding modulation symbol code blocks in the polar code blocks of the N sending time slots and carrying out rate adaptation to obtain a coding vector of each modulation symbol code block.
In this step, the N transmission time slots are selected from the polar code blocks
Figure BDA0002382378560000086
The modulation symbol code blocks are encoded according to the polar code generating matrix and subjected to rate adaptation to obtain the encoded vectors of the modulation symbol code blocks, and the specific encoding and rate adaptation method is the same as that of the prior art and is not repeated here.
Step S104: and PAM (phase amplitude modulation) symbol mapping is carried out according to the coding vector of each modulation symbol code block to obtain a transmission symbol vector of each transmission time slot.
In the step, a PAM symbol mapping method for the coding vector of the modulation symbol code block can adopt the method in the prior art; specifically, for the transmission symbol vector of N transmission slots, the transmission symbol vector of the k-th slot is xk，xkWherein the value of the qth element (i.e., the transmission symbol) is
Figure BDA0002382378560000091
Wherein x isk,qReal part of
Figure BDA0002382378560000092
f＝2(Nt-1)(k-1)+2(q-1)+1；xk,qImaginary part of
Figure BDA0002382378560000093
g＝2(Nt-1)(k-1)+2(q-1)+2；
Figure BDA0002382378560000094
Representing a PAM modulation symbol mapping;
wherein, wj,fRepresenting a vectorwjF-th element of (1), wjCoding the j modulation symbol code block by a generation matrix of a polar code and obtaining a coding vector after rate adaptation,
Figure BDA0002382378560000095
step S105: and for the sending symbol vector of each sending time slot, setting the real part of the sending symbol of which the serial number is equal to the I-path serial number bearing carrier number of the sending time slot in the sending symbol vector of the sending time slot as 0, and setting the imaginary part of the sending symbol of which the serial number is equal to the Q-path serial number bearing carrier number of the sending time slot as 0, and then respectively mapping the sending symbol vector of the sending time slot as the final sending sequence of the sending time slot to corresponding carriers for sending.
Specifically, for the transmission symbol vectors of N transmission slots, the transmission symbol vector x of the k-th transmission slot is madekIn (1)
Figure BDA0002382378560000096
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002382378560000097
representing a vector xkMiddle (t)k,1One of the transmission symbols is transmitted,
Figure BDA0002382378560000098
representing a vector xkMiddle (t)k,2A transmission symbol; then, x is put intokThe final transmission sequence as the kth transmission slot is transmitted via the respective carrier.
X transmitted over N transmission slots1～xNAfter the transmission of the channel, receiving the receiving sequence of N time slots at the receiving end, wherein the receiving sequence of the k time slot is the receiving sequence of the k time slot
Figure BDA0002382378560000099
nkIs a mean of 0 and a variance of σ2The system signal-to-noise ratio is
Figure BDA00023823785600000910
Corresponding to the above coding method, a specific flow of the decoding method based on the polar code for the polar multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system provided in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 2, and includes the following steps:
step S201: and decoding serial number code blocks in the polar code blocks from the receiving sequence of the N time slots.
In this step, the code blocks of the polar code are decoded in sequence according to the received sequence of N time slots
Figure BDA0002382378560000101
A serial number block; wherein, the code word of the decoded ith code number code block
Figure BDA0002382378560000102
Is a log-likelihood ratio vector alpha from the ith sequence number code blocki＝(αi,1,…,αi,2N) Calculating to obtain; and alpha isi＝(αi,1,…,αi,2N) Is a code word according to the first i-1 code number code blocks
Figure BDA0002382378560000103
And the received sequence of N slots:
specifically, the codewords of the first i-1 code number code blocks may be first coded
Figure BDA0002382378560000104
And the received sequence of N time slots calculates the log-likelihood ratio vector alpha of the ith code block according to the following formula I and IIi＝(αi，1，…，αi，2N) (ii) a Wherein:
Figure BDA0002382378560000105
Figure BDA0002382378560000106
wherein k is a natural number of 1-N; c. Ci,jDenotes ciThe jth element value;
Figure BDA0002382378560000107
to represent
Figure BDA0002382378560000108
The jth element value; c. CiA coded vector representing an i-th code block actually transmitted;
Figure BDA0002382378560000109
a decoded vector representing the i-th code block decoded from the received sequence.
If i is equal to 1, the above equation one may be expressed as the following equation three, and the above equation two may be expressed as the following equation four:
Figure BDA0002382378560000111
Figure BDA0002382378560000112
the following details will explain αi,2k-1The calculation process of (2):
is provided with
Figure BDA0002382378560000113
The above formula one can be expressed as the following formula five:
Figure BDA0002382378560000114
Figure DA00023823785666926281
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002382378560000122
σ2is noiseThe acoustic variance.
αi,2kCan be obtained in the same way:
is provided with
Figure BDA0002382378560000123
The above formula two can be expressed as the following formula six:
Figure BDA0002382378560000124
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002382378560000125
σ2is the noise variance.
Then, calculating decoding vectors of code blocks with corresponding sequence numbers according to the currently calculated log-likelihood ratio vector: according to alphaiDecoding the ith code block to obtain corresponding decoding result
Figure BDA0002382378560000126
To pair
Figure BDA0002382378560000127
Re-encoding to obtain the decoding vector of the ith code block
Figure BDA0002382378560000128
I.e. the code word of the i-th code block obtained by decoding
Figure BDA0002382378560000129
Step S202: and calculating the serial number bearing carrier numbers of the I path and the Q path of each time slot according to the decoded code blocks with the serial numbers and a preset serial number mapping expression.
Specifically, the calculated I-way serial number of the kth time slot carries the carrier number
Figure BDA0002382378560000131
Q-way sequence number carries carrier number
Figure BDA0002382378560000132
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002382378560000133
to represent
Figure BDA0002382378560000134
The kth element value;
Figure BDA0002382378560000135
a decoding vector representing an i-th code block decoded from the received sequence;
Figure BDA0002382378560000136
representing a sequence number mapping expression.
Step S203: for the receiving sequence of each time slot, removing the real part of the element of which the serial number is equal to the I path serial number bearing carrier number of the time slot in the receiving sequence of the time slot, and removing the imaginary part of the element of which the serial number is equal to the Q path serial number bearing carrier number of the time slot in the receiving sequence of the time slot; and then decoding modulation symbol code blocks in the polar code blocks according to the receiving sequence of each time slot.
In the step, for the receiving sequence of each time slot, the real part of the element of which the serial number is equal to the I path serial number bearing carrier number of the time slot in the receiving sequence of the time slot is removed, and the imaginary part of the element of which the serial number is equal to the Q path serial number bearing carrier number of the time slot in the receiving sequence of the time slot is removed;
and then decoding modulation symbol code blocks in the polar code blocks according to the receiving sequence of each time slot. The method of decoding a modulation symbol code block may employ the prior art:
for the
Figure BDA0002382378560000137
The j modulation symbol code block in the modulation symbol code blocks can be firstly decoded according to the coding code words of the first j-1 modulation symbol code blocks
Figure BDA0002382378560000138
And a detected received symbol vector
Figure BDA0002382378560000139
Calculating the log-likelihood ratio vector of the jth modulation symbol code block as shown in formulas seven and eight
Figure BDA00023823785600001310
Figure BDA00023823785600001311
Figure BDA00023823785600001312
Wherein f is 2 (N)t-1)(k-1)+2(q-1)+1，g＝2(Nt-1)(k-1)+2(q-1)+2，βj,fCan be calculated according to the following formula nine:
Figure BDA0002382378560000141
βj,gcan be obtained by the same method.
Wherein, wj,fDenotes wjThe f-th element value;
Figure BDA0002382378560000148
to represent
Figure BDA0002382378560000149
The f-th element value; w is ajA code vector representing a j-th modulation symbol code block actually transmitted;
Figure BDA00023823785600001410
a decoded vector representing a j-th modulation symbol code block decoded from the received sequence.
Is provided with
Figure BDA0002382378560000142
Then
Figure BDA0002382378560000143
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002382378560000144
according to betajDecoding the jth modulation symbol code block to obtain corresponding decoding result
Figure BDA0002382378560000145
To pair
Figure BDA0002382378560000146
Re-encoding and rate adapting to obtain the decoding code word of the jth modulation symbol code block
Figure BDA0002382378560000147
Corresponding to the above coding method based on the polar code for the polar multi-carrier orthogonal serial number modulation system, a coding apparatus for the polar multi-carrier orthogonal serial number modulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 3, and includes: a plurality of sequence number coding modules 301, a sequence number mapping module 302, a plurality of modulation symbol code coding modules 303, a symbol mapping module 304, and a carrier mapping module 305.
Wherein, the sequence number coding module 301 is n t2, the number of the cells is/are;
nta/2 sequence number coding modules respectively used for coding N in the polar code blocks of N sending time slots of the modulation systemtThe/2 code blocks with the serial numbers are encoded according to the polarization code generating matrix to obtain the encoding vector of each code block with the serial numbers;
the sequence number mapping module 302 is configured to, for each sending timeslot, obtain, according to the sequence number of the sending timeslot, an element value of a corresponding sequence number in a code vector of each sequence number code block, and calculate, according to the element value obtained from the code vector of each sequence number code block and a preset sequence number mapping expression, a carrier number carried by sequence numbers of the I path and the Q path of the sending timeslot;
the modulation symbol code encoding module 303 is specifically
Figure BDA0002382378560000151
A plurality of;
Figure BDA0002382378560000152
the modulation symbol code coding modules 303 are respectively used for coding the polar code blocks of the N transmission time slots
Figure BDA0002382378560000153
Coding the modulation symbol code blocks according to the polarization code generating matrix and carrying out rate adaptation to obtain the coding vector of each modulation symbol code block;
the symbol mapping module 304 is configured to perform Phase Amplitude Modulation (PAM) symbol mapping according to the code vector of each modulation symbol code block to obtain a transmission symbol vector of each transmission time slot;
the carrier mapping module 305 is configured to, for each transmission timeslot, set a real part of a transmission symbol vector of the transmission timeslot, where a sequence number of the transmission symbol vector is equal to an I-path sequence number of the transmission timeslot and carries a carrier number, to 0, and set an imaginary part of a transmission symbol of a sequence number equal to a Q-path sequence number of the transmission timeslot and carries a carrier number to 0, and then map the transmission symbol vector of the transmission timeslot as a final transmission sequence of the transmission timeslot to corresponding carriers and transmit the final transmission sequence.
The specific implementation method of the functions of each module in the coding apparatus of the above-mentioned polar multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system may refer to the method detailed in each step in the flow shown in fig. 1, and is not described herein again.
Corresponding to the above decoding method based on the polar code for the polar multi-carrier orthogonal serial number modulation system, a decoding apparatus for the polar multi-carrier orthogonal serial number modulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 4, and includes: a plurality of sequence number decoding modules 401, a sequence number mapping module 402, and a modulation symbol decoding module 403.
The multiple serial number decoding modules 401 are respectively configured to decode each serial number code block in the polar code blocks from the received sequence of the N time slots;
specifically, the ordinal number decoding module 401 is n t2, the number of the cells is/are; at ntIn the/2 serial number decoding modules, the ith serial number decoding module is used for decoding log-likelihood ratio vectors alpha of code blocks according to the ith serial numberi＝(αi,1,…,αi,2N) Calculating to obtain code words of decoding ith serial number code blocks
Figure BDA0002382378560000161
Wherein alpha isi＝(αi，1，…，αi，2N) Is a code word according to the first i-1 code number code blocks
Figure BDA0002382378560000162
And the received sequences of N time slots;
the sequence number mapping module 402 is configured to calculate the I-path and Q-path sequence number-bearing carrier numbers of each timeslot according to the decoded code blocks of each sequence number and a preset sequence number mapping expression;
the modulation symbol decoding module 403 is configured to, for the received sequence of each time slot, remove the real part of the element whose serial number is equal to the carrier number carried by the I-path serial number of the time slot in the received sequence of the time slot, and remove the imaginary part of the element whose serial number is equal to the carrier number carried by the Q-path serial number of the time slot in the received sequence of the time slot; and then decoding modulation symbol code blocks in the polar code blocks according to the receiving sequence of each time slot.
The specific implementation method of the functions of each module in the decoding apparatus of the above-mentioned polar multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system may refer to the method detailed in each step in the flow shown in fig. 2, and is not described herein again.
In the OFDM multi-carrier multi-serial I/Q modulation system, after serial code blocks in the polar code blocks of N sending time slots are coded according to a polar code generating matrix to obtain coding vectors of the serial code blocks, for each sending time slot, element values of corresponding serial numbers in the coding vectors of the serial code blocks are obtained according to the serial numbers of the sending time slot, and serial number bearing carrier numbers of an I path and a Q path of the sending time slot are calculated according to the element values obtained from the coding vectors of the serial code blocks and a preset serial number mapping expression; coding modulation symbol code blocks in the polar code blocks of the N sending time slots according to a polar code generating matrix and carrying out rate adaptation to obtain a coding vector of each modulation symbol code block; phase Amplitude Modulation (PAM) symbol mapping is carried out according to the coding vector of each modulation symbol code block to obtain a transmission symbol vector of each transmission time slot; for each sending time slot, setting the real part of the sending symbol with the serial number equal to the I path serial number bearing carrier number of the sending time slot in the sending symbol vector of the sending time slot as 0, and setting the imaginary part of the sending symbol with the serial number equal to the Q path serial number bearing carrier number of the sending time slot as 0, and then mapping the sending symbol vector of the sending time slot as the final sending sequence of the sending time slot to the corresponding carrier respectively for sending. Therefore, the channel coding scheme based on the polar code in the next generation communication system 5G is applied to the OFDM multi-carrier multi-sequence I/Q modulation system to form a polar multi-carrier orthogonal sequence modulation system, and the system can become a physical layer transmission system suitable for the next generation communication system 5G.
Computer-readable media of the present embodiments, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the discussion of any embodiment above is meant to be exemplary only, and is not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to these examples; within the idea of the invention, also features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
In addition, well known power/ground connections to Integrated Circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown within the provided figures for simplicity of illustration and discussion, and so as not to obscure the invention. Furthermore, devices may be shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the invention, and also in view of the fact that specifics with respect to implementation of such block diagram devices are highly dependent upon the platform within which the present invention is to be implemented (i.e., specifics should be well within purview of one skilled in the art). Where specific details (e.g., circuits) are set forth in order to describe example embodiments of the invention, it should be apparent to one skilled in the art that the invention can be practiced without, or with variation of, these specific details. Accordingly, the description is to be regarded as illustrative instead of restrictive.
While the present invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many alternatives, modifications, and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (e.g., dynamic ram (dram)) may use the discussed embodiments.
The embodiments of the invention are intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, substitutions, improvements and the like that may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A coding method for a polar multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
coding serial code blocks in the polar code blocks of the N sending time slots of the modulation system according to a polar code generating matrix to obtain a coding vector of each serial code block;
for each sending time slot, acquiring the element value of the corresponding serial number in the coding vector of each serial number code block according to the serial number of the sending time slot, and calculating the serial number bearing carrier numbers of the I path and the Q path of the sending time slot according to the element value acquired from the coding vector of each serial number code block and a preset serial number mapping expression: in N sending time slots, the I path serial number of the kth sending time slot bears the carrier number of
Figure FDA0003135218000000011
The Q-way serial number carries the carrier number of
Figure FDA0003135218000000012
Wherein, T (-) represents a sequence number mapping expression;
Figure FDA0003135218000000013
respectively represent 1 st to 1 st
Figure FDA0003135218000000014
The 2k-1 element value in the coding vector of the code block with the serial number;
Figure FDA0003135218000000015
respectively represent 1 st to 1 st
Figure FDA0003135218000000016
The 2k element value in the coding vector of the code block with the sequence number; n ist＝2log2(Nt) Modulating the number of bits carried for the sequence number; n is a radical oftThe number of the carriers in the modulation system is;
coding modulation symbol code blocks in the polar code blocks of the N sending time slots according to a polar code generating matrix and carrying out rate adaptation to obtain a coding vector of each modulation symbol code block; root of Chinese angelicaPerforming Phase Amplitude Modulation (PAM) symbol mapping according to the code vector of each modulation symbol code block to obtain a transmission symbol vector of each transmission time slot: wherein, the transmission symbol vector of the k time slot is xk，xkWherein the qth transmission symbol is
Figure FDA0003135218000000017
Wherein x isk,qReal part of
Figure FDA0003135218000000018
xk,qImaginary part of
Figure FDA0003135218000000019
Wherein f is 2 (N)t-1)(k-1)+2(q-1)+1，g＝2(Nt-1) (k-1) +2(q-1) +2, M (-) represents a PAM modulation symbol map; m is the number of bits carried by each symbol in the modulation system;
for each sending time slot, setting the real part of the sending symbol with the serial number equal to the I path serial number bearing carrier number of the sending time slot in the sending symbol vector of the sending time slot as 0, and setting the imaginary part of the sending symbol with the serial number equal to the Q path serial number bearing carrier number of the sending time slot as 0, and then mapping the sending symbol vector of the sending time slot as the final sending sequence of the sending time slot to the corresponding carrier respectively for sending.
2. The encoding method according to claim 1, wherein the encoding of the code blocks with the sequence numbers in the polar code blocks of the N transmission time slots of the modulation system according to the polar code generator matrix to obtain the code vector of each code block with the sequence number specifically includes:
the code vector of the ith code block is ci＝uiG2N；
Wherein G is2NFor 2N × 2N polarization code generation matrix uiIs a polarization code information sequence with the length of 2N.
3. The encoding method according to claim 1, wherein the setting of the real part of the transmission symbol vector of the transmission slot with sequence number equal to the I-path sequence number carrying carrier number of the transmission slot to 0 and the imaginary part of the transmission symbol of the sequence number equal to the Q-path sequence number carrying carrier number of the transmission slot to 0 comprises:
vector of transmission symbols x for the kth transmission slotkLet x bekIn (1)
Figure FDA0003135218000000021
Figure FDA0003135218000000022
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003135218000000023
representing a vector xkMiddle (t)k,1One of the transmission symbols is transmitted,
Figure FDA0003135218000000024
representing a vector xkMiddle (t)k,2And a transmit symbol.
4. A decoding method for a polar multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
decoding the code number code blocks in the polar code blocks from the received sequence of the received N time slots: code word of decoded ith serial number code block
Figure FDA0003135218000000025
Is a log-likelihood ratio vector alpha from the ith sequence number code blocki＝(αi,1,…,αi,2N) Calculating to obtain; and alpha isi＝(αi,1,…,αi,2N) Is a code word according to the first i-1 code number code blocks
Figure FDA0003135218000000031
And N timesCalculated from the received sequence of slots; wherein:
is provided with
Figure FDA0003135218000000032
Then:
Figure FDA0003135218000000033
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003135218000000034
σ2is the noise variance;
is provided with
Figure FDA0003135218000000035
Then:
Figure FDA0003135218000000036
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003135218000000037
σ2is the noise variance, k is a natural number from 1 to N; c. Ci,jDenotes ciThe jth element value;
Figure FDA0003135218000000038
to represent
Figure FDA0003135218000000039
The jth element value; c. CiA coded vector representing an i-th code block actually transmitted;
Figure FDA00031352180000000310
a decoding vector representing an i-th code block decoded from the received sequence; n is a radical oft、nt＝2log2(Nt) M is respectivelyThe number of carriers, the number of bits carried by serial number modulation and the number of symbols in the polarized multi-carrier orthogonal serial number modulation system are determined; the modulation system has PAM modulation symbol set of
Figure FDA0003135218000000041
Per PAM modulation symbol bearer
Figure FDA0003135218000000042
A bit;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003135218000000043
for the received sequence of the k-th time slot, nkIs a mean of 0 and a variance of σ2The system signal-to-noise ratio is
Figure FDA0003135218000000044
xkA transmission symbol vector for a kth transmission slot of the modulation system;
then, calculating decoding vectors of code blocks with corresponding sequence numbers according to the currently calculated log-likelihood ratio vector: according to alphaiDecoding the ith code block to obtain corresponding decoding result
Figure FDA0003135218000000045
To pair
Figure FDA0003135218000000046
Re-encoding to obtain the decoding vector of the ith code block
Figure FDA0003135218000000047
I.e. the code word of the i-th code block obtained by decoding
Figure FDA0003135218000000048
Wherein G is2NGenerating a matrix, u, for a 2N x 2N polar code of said modulation systemiFor a length-2N polarization code information sequenceColumns;
calculating serial number bearing carrier numbers of the I path and the Q path of each time slot according to the decoded code blocks of the serial numbers and a preset serial number mapping expression; wherein the calculated I path serial number of the kth time slot bears the carrier number
Figure FDA0003135218000000049
Q-way sequence number carries carrier number
Figure FDA00031352180000000410
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA00031352180000000411
to represent
Figure FDA00031352180000000412
The kth element value;
Figure FDA00031352180000000413
a decoding vector representing an i-th code block decoded from the received sequence; t (-) represents a sequence number mapping expression;
for the receiving sequence of each time slot, removing the real part of the element of which the serial number is equal to the I path serial number bearing carrier number of the time slot in the receiving sequence of the time slot, and removing the imaginary part of the element of which the serial number is equal to the Q path serial number bearing carrier number of the time slot in the receiving sequence of the time slot; and then decoding modulation symbol code blocks in the polar code blocks according to the receiving sequence of each time slot.
5. An encoding apparatus for a polar multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system, comprising:
the sequence number coding modules are respectively used for coding each sequence number code block in the polar code blocks of the N sending time slots of the modulation system according to a polar code generating matrix to obtain a coding vector of the sequence number code block;
a serial number mapping module for obtaining each sending time slot according to the serial number of the sending time slotCalculating the I path and Q path serial number bearing carrier wave numbers of the sending time slot according to the element values obtained from the coding vectors of each serial number code block and a preset serial number mapping expression: in N sending time slots, the I path serial number of the kth sending time slot bears the carrier number of
Figure FDA0003135218000000051
The Q-way serial number carries the carrier number of
Figure FDA0003135218000000052
Wherein, T (-) represents a sequence number mapping expression;
Figure FDA0003135218000000053
respectively represent 1 st to 1 st
Figure FDA0003135218000000054
The 2k-1 element value in the coding vector of the code block with the serial number;
Figure FDA0003135218000000055
respectively represent 1 st to 1 st
Figure FDA0003135218000000056
The 2k element value in the coding vector of the code block with the sequence number; n ist＝2log2(Nt) Modulating the number of bits carried for the sequence number; n is a radical oftThe number of the carriers in the modulation system is;
the modulation symbol code encoding modules are respectively used for encoding each modulation symbol code block in the polarization code blocks of the N sending time slots according to a polarization code generating matrix and carrying out rate adaptation to obtain an encoding vector of the modulation symbol code block;
the symbol mapping module is used for mapping Phase Amplitude Modulation (PAM) symbols according to the coding vectors of each modulation symbol code block to obtain a transmission symbol vector of each transmission time slot; wherein, the transmission symbol vector of the k time slot is xk，xkWherein the qth transmission symbol is
Figure FDA0003135218000000057
Wherein x isk,qReal part of
Figure FDA0003135218000000058
xk,qImaginary part of
Figure FDA0003135218000000059
Wherein f is 2 (N)t-1)(k-1)+2(q-1)+1，g＝2(Nt-1) (k-1) +2(q-1) +2, M (-) represents a PAM modulation symbol map; m is the number of bits carried by each symbol in the modulation system;
and the carrier mapping module is used for setting a real part of a sending symbol of which the serial number is equal to the I-path serial number bearing carrier number of the sending time slot as 0 in a sending symbol vector of each sending time slot, setting an imaginary part of the sending symbol of which the serial number is equal to the Q-path serial number bearing carrier number of the sending time slot as 0, and mapping the sending symbol vector of the sending time slot as a final sending sequence of the sending time slot to corresponding carriers respectively for sending.
6. A decoding apparatus for a polar multi-carrier orthogonal sequence number modulation system, comprising:
ntthe/2 serial number decoding modules are used for decoding each serial number code block in the polar code blocks from the received sequence of the N time slots; wherein, the ith sequence number decoding module is used for decoding log-likelihood ratio vector alpha of code block according to the ith sequence numberi＝(αi,1,…,αi,2N) Calculating to obtain code words of decoding ith serial number code blocks
Figure FDA0003135218000000061
Wherein alpha isi＝(αi,1,…,αi,2N) Is a code word according to the first i-1 code number code blocks
Figure FDA0003135218000000062
And the received sequences of N time slots; wherein:
is provided with
Figure FDA0003135218000000063
Then:
Figure FDA0003135218000000064
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003135218000000065
σ2is the noise variance;
is provided with
Figure FDA0003135218000000066
Then:
Figure FDA0003135218000000071
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003135218000000072
σ2is the noise variance, k is a natural number from 1 to N; c. Ci,jDenotes ciThe jth element value;
Figure FDA0003135218000000073
to represent
Figure FDA0003135218000000074
The jth element value; c. CiA coded vector representing an i-th code block actually transmitted;
Figure FDA0003135218000000075
a decoding vector representing an i-th code block decoded from the received sequence; n is a radical oft、nt＝2log2(Nt) M is the number of carriers, the number of bits carried by serial number modulation and the number of symbols in the polarized multi-carrier orthogonal serial number modulation system respectively; the modulation system has PAM modulation symbol set of
Figure FDA0003135218000000076
Per PAM modulation symbol bearer
Figure FDA0003135218000000077
A bit;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003135218000000078
for the received sequence of the k-th time slot, nkIs a mean of 0 and a variance of σ2The system signal-to-noise ratio is
Figure FDA0003135218000000079
xkA transmission symbol vector for a kth transmission slot of the modulation system;
then, calculating decoding vectors of code blocks with corresponding sequence numbers according to the currently calculated log-likelihood ratio vector: according to alphaiDecoding the ith code block to obtain corresponding decoding result
Figure FDA00031352180000000710
To pair
Figure FDA00031352180000000711
Re-encoding to obtain the decoding vector of the ith code block
Figure FDA00031352180000000712
I.e. the code word of the i-th code block obtained by decoding
Figure FDA00031352180000000713
Wherein G is2NGenerating a matrix, u, for a 2N x 2N polar code of said modulation systemiThe information sequence is a polarization code information sequence with the length of 2N;
the serial number mapping module is used for calculating the serial number bearing carrier numbers of the I path and the Q path of each time slot according to the decoded code blocks of each serial number and a preset serial number mapping expression; wherein the calculated I path serial number of the kth time slot bears the carrier number
Figure FDA0003135218000000081
Q-way sequence number carries carrier number
Figure FDA0003135218000000082
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003135218000000083
to represent
Figure FDA0003135218000000084
The kth element value;
Figure FDA0003135218000000085
a decoding vector representing an i-th code block decoded from the received sequence; t (-) represents a sequence number mapping expression;
a modulation symbol decoding module, which is used for removing the real part of the element of which the serial number is equal to the I path serial number bearing carrier number of the time slot in the receiving sequence of the time slot and removing the imaginary part of the element of which the serial number is equal to the Q path serial number bearing carrier number of the time slot in the receiving sequence of the time slot for the receiving sequence of each time slot; and then decoding modulation symbol code blocks in the polar code blocks according to the receiving sequence of each time slot.
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