CN111343066B - Anti-interference design method of power distribution information acquisition device - Google Patents
Anti-interference design method of power distribution information acquisition device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111343066B CN111343066B CN202010192460.4A CN202010192460A CN111343066B CN 111343066 B CN111343066 B CN 111343066B CN 202010192460 A CN202010192460 A CN 202010192460A CN 111343066 B CN111343066 B CN 111343066B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/40006—Architecture of a communication node
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/005—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection avoiding undesired transient conditions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/045—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage adapted to a particular application and not provided for elsewhere
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J11/00—Circuit arrangements for providing service supply to auxiliaries of stations in which electric power is generated, distributed or converted
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/40169—Flexible bus arrangements
- H04L12/40176—Flexible bus arrangements involving redundancy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
- H04L41/0631—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using root cause analysis; using analysis of correlation between notifications, alarms or events based on decision criteria, e.g. hierarchy, tree or time analysis
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
- H05K5/02—Details
- H05K5/03—Covers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
- H05K5/04—Metal casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0007—Casings
- H05K9/0049—Casings being metallic containers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L2012/40208—Bus networks characterized by the use of a particular bus standard
- H04L2012/40215—Controller Area Network CAN
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L2012/40208—Bus networks characterized by the use of a particular bus standard
- H04L2012/40228—Modbus
Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-interference design method of a power distribution information acquisition device, which belongs to the field of ship power monitoring systems and comprises the following steps: the communication interface between the power distribution information acquisition device and each electric quantity accessory adopts an RS485 mode, and the communication protocol between the power distribution information acquisition device and each electric quantity accessory adopts a standard MODBUS interface protocol; the main working voltage adopts DC24V to carry out electromagnetic compatibility processing on the power supply, so that the stability of the power supply is ensured; the distribution information acquisition device adopts an isolation protection circuit for an external RS485 communication interface and an external CAN communication interface so as to prevent the damage of a CPU (central processing unit) caused by the damage of an interface chip; and a protection circuit is additionally arranged on a power supply interface of each electric quantity accessory. The invention combines the characteristics of the circuit of the power distribution information acquisition device, reduces the interference to the minimum, and enables the power distribution information acquisition device to work normally under the interference environment of complicated industrial fields.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ship power monitoring systems, and particularly relates to an anti-interference design method of a power distribution information acquisition device.
Background
With the application of large-scale power monitoring network technology in ship engineering, the acquisition and monitoring of real-time operation data of the whole ship from power generation, power transformation, power transmission, power distribution to power utilization are realized in a breakthrough manner, so that the automatic management level of a power system is comprehensively improved. The distribution information acquisition device is used as field level information acquisition equipment in a large-scale electric power monitoring system, processes and communicates about 17000 real-time data of all ship area distribution boards, and is source acquisition equipment for realizing the key functions of the electric power monitoring system.
Because the ship is internally provided with more electronic, electric and electromechanical devices, the internal electromagnetic environment is more complex; meanwhile, the distribution information acquisition devices are all installed in the distribution board of the whole ship with more than 300 sleeves, complex interference groups such as long-term operation of high-power transformer strong electromagnetic equipment, switching of a high-current contactor, frequent arc pulse of a breaker and the like exist in the distribution board, and the interference of the distribution information acquisition devices on an industrial field is complicated. Therefore, the power distribution information acquisition device is field-level important network node acquisition equipment which often works in a complex electromagnetic environment, and the performance of the whole power monitoring system is directly determined by the quality of the anti-interference performance of the power distribution information acquisition device.
The power supply inside the distribution board has high noise, especially transient noise interference, high ascending speed, short duration, high voltage amplitude and strong randomness, so that a digital circuit of the distribution information acquisition device is easy to generate serious interference, and normal communication of a CAN bus network in a distribution area is influenced. Interference accumulation occurs particularly when multiple devices are connected into a fieldbus network. If not effectively processed, it may lead to failure of the area CAN bus communication or device crash or even burnout. During the debugging of a real ship, the quality of communication signals of the original power distribution information acquisition device which is not subjected to anti-interference processing is not high, such as the phenomena of false alarm and missed alarm, and even the phenomenon of circuit board damage, and the device has the disadvantages of difficult fault location, large workload of troubleshooting, time and labor waste and low efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention provides an anti-interference design method of a power distribution information acquisition device, so that the technical problems of low communication quality, false alarm, alarm missing and even circuit board damage of the original power distribution information acquisition device in a complex and severe ship environment are solved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an anti-interference design method for a power distribution information acquisition device, comprising:
the communication interface between the power distribution information acquisition device and each electric quantity accessory adopts an RS485 mode, and the communication protocol between the power distribution information acquisition device and each electric quantity accessory adopts a standard MODBUS interface protocol;
the main working voltage adopts DC24V to carry out electromagnetic compatibility processing on the power supply, so that the stability of the power supply is ensured;
the external RS485 communication interface and the external CAN communication interface of the power distribution information acquisition device both adopt an isolation protection circuit to prevent the damage of a CPU caused by the damage of an interface chip;
and a protection circuit is additionally arranged on a power supply interface of each electric quantity accessory.
Preferably, the main operating voltage adopts DC24V to perform electromagnetic compatibility processing on the power supply to ensure the stability of the power supply, and includes:
the positive end of the D1 diode is connected with the positive electrode of the DC24V power supply, the negative end of the D1 diode is connected with the negative end of the TVS1 transient suppression diode, the negative end of the TVS2 transient suppression diode and one end of the FU1 thermistor, the positive end of the TVS1 transient suppression diode is connected with the negative electrode of the DC24V power supply, the negative end of the TVS3 transient suppression diode and the negative end of the C1 capacitor, the positive end of the TVS2 transient suppression diode and the positive end of the TVS3 transient suppression diode are both grounded, the other end of the FU1 thermistor is connected with the positive end of the C1 capacitor, one end of the C2 capacitor and the first end of the filter, the other end of the C2 capacitor is connected with the negative end of the C1 capacitor and the second end of the filter, and the third end and the fourth end of the filter are connected with the power supply conversion module.
Preferably, the capacitance value of the C1 capacitor is greater than the capacitance value of the C2 capacitor.
Preferably, the method for designing the isolation protection circuit of the RS485 communication interface includes:
the data transceiving end of the first interface chip is subjected to photoelectric isolation by adopting a first high-speed optical coupler, two interface ends of the first interface chip are respectively connected with a first end and a second end of a first common-mode inductor, a third end of the first common-mode inductor is connected with a cathode end of a TVS4 transient suppression diode, a fourth end of the first common-mode inductor is connected with a cathode end of a TVS5 transient suppression diode, and a positive end of the TVS4 transient suppression diode and a positive end of the TVS5 transient suppression diode are both grounded.
Preferably, the first interface chip is a MAX485ESA chip.
Preferably, the first high-speed optical coupler is a 6N137 high-speed optical coupler.
Preferably, the design method of the isolation protection circuit of the CAN communication interface includes:
the data transceiving ends of the second interface chip are all subjected to photoelectric isolation by adopting a second high-speed optical coupler, two interface ends of the second interface chip are respectively connected with a first end and a second end of a second common-mode inductor, a third end of the second common-mode inductor is connected with a cathode end of a TVS6 transient suppression diode, a fourth end of the second common-mode inductor is connected with a cathode end of a TVS7 transient suppression diode, and a positive end of the TVS6 transient suppression diode and a positive end of the TVS7 transient suppression diode are both grounded.
Preferably, the second interface chip is a TJA1050 interface chip.
Preferably, the second high-speed optical coupler is a 6N137 high-speed optical coupler.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
the cover plate of the power distribution information acquisition device is galvanized at a position where the cover plate is contacted with the box body, the box body shell of the metal structure of the power distribution information acquisition device is painted for protection, and the cover plate is internally filled with a conductive rubber which is kept in conductive continuous contact with the box body.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
in view of the fact that the basic functions of monitoring and transmission are realized by software and hardware of the power distribution information acquisition device, but the measures in the aspects of anti-interference performance such as filtering and fault tolerance are insufficient, the quality of communication signals of the original power distribution information acquisition device in a real ship environment is low, and the phenomena of false alarm and alarm missing and even circuit board damage occur. By adopting the anti-interference design method of the power distribution information acquisition device, interference resistance measures are adopted in the aspects of communication modes, communication protocols, power supplies, interface protection circuits and metal structure design, various channels which can cause interference are effectively cut off, the interference is reduced to the minimum, and the power distribution information acquisition device can work normally and reliably in a ship environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network connection relationship of a power monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an anti-interference design method for a power distribution information acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hardware principle of a power distribution information acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit for providing interference rejection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an anti-interference schematic diagram of an RS485 interface protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an anti-interference schematic diagram of a CAN interface protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a process diagram of interference resistance of a metal structure of a power distribution information acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the present examples, "first", "second", "third", etc. are used for distinguishing different objects, and are not necessarily used for describing a particular order or sequence.
The invention combines the characteristics of the circuit of the power distribution information acquisition device, reduces the interference to the minimum, and enables the power distribution information acquisition device to work normally under the interference environment of complicated industrial fields.
As shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic diagram of a network connection relationship of a power monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention, a power distribution information collecting device is used to collect power parameters, on-off states, alarm information, and the like of load breakers in various power frequency distribution boards. In one area, a plurality of power distribution information acquisition devices are established into a dual-redundancy CAN network of a power distribution monitoring system, and then real-time information is transmitted to an upper network power monitoring station through a gateway, so that the sharing of field-level power distribution real-time data is realized. The main functions of the power distribution information acquisition device are as follows:
a. the electric quantity parameters and the switch state of the power distribution load circuit breaker can be collected through communication.
b. The three-position change-over switch and the insulation state can be collected through the I/O port.
c. The alarm can be given to abnormal switch breaking, switch communication fault, low insulation and communication fault with the two-board conversion device.
d. The collected data CAN be forwarded to CAN protocol data and transmitted to the power monitoring station.
e. The system has the functions of time setting, communication self-recovery and alarm information storage with the power monitoring system.
In order to weaken the influence of electromagnetic interference such as power supply noise on signal transmission of the power distribution information acquisition device, the most effective method for processing the interference problem is to adopt measures to realize electrical isolation among network nodes. The most effective method for electrical isolation between nodes is to achieve complete isolation, including two ways of data signal isolation and power isolation. The power isolation is usually realized by using an isolated power module, the data signal isolation is realized by a photoelectric coupling mode, and the ground wire in the bus is not connected with the signal ground of any node, so that the influence caused by the difference of the ground levels at different nodes is avoided, and the interference of noise and other electronic equipment on network communication is reduced.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an anti-interference design method for a power distribution information acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention, including:
(1) the communication interface between the power distribution information acquisition device and each electric quantity accessory adopts an RS485 mode, and the communication protocol between the power distribution information acquisition device and each electric quantity accessory adopts a standard MODBUS interface protocol;
the communication interface with each electric quantity accessory adopts an RS485 mode, and RS485 is transmitted in a differential mode, so that the anti-interference capability of the equipment in a severe electromagnetic environment can be improved.
The standard MODBUS interface protocol is adopted to communicate with each electric quantity accessory, and through CRC verification, fluctuation caused by interference is effectively filtered, and correctness of transmission data is enhanced. Meanwhile, a data reading mode of reading voltage and current at one time is adopted, so that the data reading efficiency can be improved, and the real-time performance of the system can be improved.
(2) The main working voltage adopts DC24V to carry out electromagnetic compatibility processing on the power supply, so that the stability of the power supply is ensured;
the main working voltage adopts DC24V, so that the power supply can be better subjected to electromagnetic compatibility processing, the stability of the power supply is ensured, and the stability of the system is improved.
(3) The distribution information acquisition device adopts an isolation protection circuit for an external RS485 communication interface and an external CAN communication interface so as to prevent the damage of a CPU (central processing unit) caused by the damage of an interface chip;
wherein, the external RS485 and CAN communication interface adopts the isolation protection circuit, prevents that interface chip from damaging the damage that causes CPU to influence the function of whole equipment.
(4) And a protection circuit is additionally arranged on a power supply interface of each electric quantity accessory.
The damage to the information acquisition device caused by overcurrent, overvoltage, reverse polarity connection and the like is additionally prevented for power supply interfaces of various electric quantity accessories.
In the embodiment of the invention, in order to weaken the influence of electromagnetic interference such as power supply noise on signal transmission of the power distribution information acquisition device, the device selects a proper communication mode and a proper communication protocol, and adopts anti-interference measures in the aspects of power supply, interface protection circuits and metal structure design, so that various channels which can cause interference are effectively cut off, the interference is reduced to the minimum, and the power distribution information acquisition device can normally and reliably work in a ship environment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hardware principle of a power distribution information acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes the following eight components:
a. communication interface circuit
The communication interface circuit comprises 2 paths of CAN interfaces and 3 paths of RS485 interfaces, the CAN interface circuit adopts a CAN driving chip to be connected with a resource CAN controller on a CPU chip, and the RS485 interface adopts a 485 driving chip to be connected with a serial port controller on the CPU chip, so that a communication channel with external equipment is realized.
b. Power supply circuit
The power supply circuit mainly comprises a power supply circuit, a power supply circuit and a power supply circuit, wherein the power supply circuit supplies power to an external DC24V, one part of the power supply circuit is converted into DC5V for the TTL level circuit device to work, and the DC5V is converted into DC3.3V for the CPU to work; a portion of DC24V powers external power accessories. In order to ensure the stability of each channel of communication circuit, a DC5V/DC5V isolation power supply is arranged, and the power supplies can be prevented from being influenced by each other in an independent power supply mode.
c. Interface protection circuit
The interface protection circuit comprises a communication interface protection circuit and a power supply protection circuit. The communication interface protection circuit sets a TVS tube for the CAN communication interface and the 485 communication interface to clamp and protect surge voltage from a bus, so that the damage of an interface chip caused by hot plugging CAN be effectively prevented; the power supply protection circuit can perform short-circuit protection, overvoltage and reverse polarity protection, and can prevent circuit board devices from being damaged due to accidents.
d. Setting circuit
The setting circuit includes an address setting and a program setting. The address setting function is that the CAN network ID address of the power distribution information acquisition device is set through the dial switch, CAN be flexibly changed according to the field condition, is convenient to debug and does not need to download a program; the program setting function is to set the distribution information acquisition device through the dial switch to select programs according to different connected external equipment, so that the purpose of program unification is achieved.
e. Electromagnetic compatibility circuit
In the circuit design, measures of filtering, isolating and grounding a power supply are adopted, and measures of common-mode filtering, isolating and the like are carried out on communication signals; the PCB is designed according to electromagnetic compatibility during wiring, and the working reliability of the system is improved.
f. Memory circuit
The storage circuit is used for expanding the storage chip and is used for recording alarm history records, and inquiry during debugging is facilitated.
g.I/O circuit
The I/O interface circuit reads the three-position switch state and the insulation state into the CPU for processing, and each interface is isolated.
h. Clock circuit
The clock circuit is used for recording the time of the event occurrence, timing and clocking with the clock system, and providing accurate occurrence time for the event.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an anti-interference principle of a power circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. The power supply of the power distribution information acquisition device adopts DC24V to ensure the anti-electromagnetic interference and the working reliability of the power supply. In fig. 4, the positive terminal of the D1 diode is connected to the positive terminal of the DC24V power supply, the negative terminal of the D1 diode is connected to the negative terminal of the TVS1 transient suppression diode, the negative terminal of the TVS2 transient suppression diode and one terminal of the FU1 thermistor, the positive terminal of the TVS1 transient suppression diode is connected to the negative terminal of the DC24V power supply, the negative terminal of the TVS3 transient suppression diode and the negative terminal of the C1 capacitor, the positive terminal of the TVS2 transient suppression diode and the positive terminal of the TVS3 transient suppression diode are all grounded, the other terminal of the FU1 thermistor is connected to the positive terminal of the C1 capacitor, one terminal of the C2 capacitor and the first terminal of the filter, the other terminal of the C2 capacitor is connected to the negative terminal of the C1 capacitor and the second terminal of the filter, the third and fourth terminals of the filter are connected to the power conversion module, the power conversion module includes a power module 1 and a power module 2 in fig. 3, and is configured to implement voltage conversion.
In the embodiment of the invention, a D1 diode is used for preventing the positive electrode and the negative electrode of an external power supply from being reversely connected to burn out the device; the TVS1 is used for suppressing the differential mode spike voltage of the power supply; the TVS2 and TVS3 are used for inhibiting common mode spike voltage of the power supply, and can meet the impact of 600V spike voltage; the FU1 is a thermistor, can protect the circuit when the circuit is short-circuited, and automatically recovers to work when the short-circuit is recovered to be normal without frequently replacing a fuse; the capacitance value of C1 is greater than the capacitance value of C2, and C1 and C2 filter low frequency and high frequency interference respectively, and the pertinence design filter has good filtering effect to common mode and differential mode interference. Therefore, the power end of the device can meet the wire conduction and sensitivity requirements of the specification.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an anti-interference principle of an RS485 interface protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. In fig. 5, the data transceiving ends of the first interface chip are both optically isolated by using a first high-speed optical coupler, two interface ends of the first interface chip are respectively connected to the first end and the second end of the first common-mode inductor, the third end of the first common-mode inductor is connected to the negative end of the TVS4 transient suppression diode, the fourth end of the first common-mode inductor is connected to the negative end of the TVS5 transient suppression diode, and the positive end of the TVS4 transient suppression diode and the positive end of the TVS5 transient suppression diode are both grounded.
The RS485 interface protection circuit adopts an MAX485ESA interface chip, and the receiving and transmitting ends of data are all subjected to photoelectric isolation by adopting a 6N137 high-speed optical coupler, so that the reliability of the data is ensured; the external interface adopts 2 P6KE6.8ATVS pipes, can surge absorption power 600W. Under normal conditions, the voltage range of the RS485 bus is 2-6V, when the surge voltage of the bus exceeds 6.8V, the TVS acts, the exceeding energy can be absorbed, the surge caused by hot plugging or severe electromagnetic environment on a network is prevented, and the safety of an interface chip is protected.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating an anti-interference principle of a CAN interface protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, in fig. 6, a data transceiver of a second interface chip is photoelectrically isolated by a second high-speed optocoupler, two interface terminals of the second interface chip are respectively connected to a first terminal and a second terminal of a second common mode inductor, a third terminal of the second common mode inductor is connected to a negative terminal of a TVS6 transient suppression diode, a fourth terminal of the second common mode inductor is connected to a negative terminal of a TVS7 transient suppression diode, and a positive terminal of the TVS6 transient suppression diode and a positive terminal of the TVS7 transient suppression diode are both grounded.
The CAN interface protection circuit adopts a TJA1050 interface chip, and the data receiving and transmitting ends adopt 6N137 high-speed optical couplers for photoelectric isolation, so that the reliability of data is ensured; the external interface adopts 2 P6KE6.8A TVS pipes, but surge absorbed power 600W. Under normal conditions, the voltage range of the CAN bus is 2-6V, when the surge voltage of the bus exceeds 6.8V, the TVS acts, the exceeding energy CAN be absorbed, the surge caused by hot plugging or severe electromagnetic environment on the network is prevented, and the safety of an interface chip is protected.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of an anti-interference process for a metal structure of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Because distribution information acquisition device installs in the panel, there is strong electromagnetic radiation when the panel circuit breaker break-make, must carry out the electromagnetic compatibility on its device structural design and handle, does the zinc-plating processing in the position of the apron of device and box contact, does the paint at distribution information acquisition device metallic structure's box shell and protects, fills up electrically conductive rubber in the apron recess, keeps the continuity of electric conduction contact with the box.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An anti-interference design method of a power distribution information acquisition device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the communication interface between the power distribution information acquisition device and each electric quantity accessory adopts an RS485 mode, and the communication protocol between the power distribution information acquisition device and each electric quantity accessory adopts a standard MODBUS interface protocol;
the main working voltage adopts DC24V to carry out electromagnetic compatibility processing on the power supply, so that the stability of the power supply is ensured;
wherein, DC24V is adopted to the main operating voltage to carry out electromagnetic compatibility to the power, guarantee the stability of power, include:
the positive end of a D1 diode is connected with the positive electrode of a DC24V power supply, the negative end of a D1 diode is connected with the negative end of a TVS1 transient suppression diode, the negative end of a TVS2 transient suppression diode and one end of an FU1 thermistor, the positive end of a TVS1 transient suppression diode is connected with the negative electrode of the DC24V power supply, the negative end of the TVS3 transient suppression diode and the negative end of a C1 capacitor, the positive end of the TVS2 transient suppression diode and the positive end of the TVS3 transient suppression diode are both grounded, the other end of the FU1 thermistor is connected with the positive end of a C1 capacitor, one end of a C2 capacitor and a first end of a filter, the other end of the C2 capacitor is connected with the negative end of the C1 capacitor and a second end of the filter, and the third end and the fourth end of the filter are connected with a power supply conversion module;
the external RS485 communication interface and the external CAN communication interface of the power distribution information acquisition device both adopt an isolation protection circuit to prevent the damage of a CPU caused by the damage of an interface chip;
and a protection circuit is additionally arranged on a power supply interface of each electric quantity accessory.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein a capacitance value of the C1 capacitor is greater than a capacitance value of the C2 capacitor.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the isolation protection circuit of the RS485 communication interface is designed by:
the data transceiving end of the first interface chip is subjected to photoelectric isolation by adopting a first high-speed optical coupler, two interface ends of the first interface chip are respectively connected with a first end and a second end of a first common-mode inductor, a third end of the first common-mode inductor is connected with a cathode end of a TVS4 transient suppression diode, a fourth end of the first common-mode inductor is connected with a cathode end of a TVS5 transient suppression diode, and a positive end of the TVS4 transient suppression diode and a positive end of the TVS5 transient suppression diode are both grounded.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the first interface chip is a MAX485ESA chip.
5. A method as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the first high speed optocoupler is a 6N137 high speed optocoupler.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the isolation protection circuit of the CAN communication interface is designed by:
the data transceiving ends of the second interface chip are all subjected to photoelectric isolation by adopting a second high-speed optical coupler, two interface ends of the second interface chip are respectively connected with a first end and a second end of a second common-mode inductor, a third end of the second common-mode inductor is connected with a cathode end of a TVS6 transient suppression diode, a fourth end of the second common-mode inductor is connected with a cathode end of a TVS7 transient suppression diode, and a positive end of the TVS6 transient suppression diode and a positive end of the TVS7 transient suppression diode are both grounded.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the second interface chip is a TJA1050 interface chip.
8. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein the second high speed optocoupler is a 6N137 high speed optocoupler.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
the cover plate of the power distribution information acquisition device is galvanized at a position where the cover plate is contacted with the box body, the box body shell of the metal structure of the power distribution information acquisition device is painted for protection, and the cover plate is internally filled with a conductive rubber which is kept in conductive continuous contact with the box body.
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