CN111342566B - Resonance tracking type non-contact multi-path power supply device and power supply method - Google Patents
Resonance tracking type non-contact multi-path power supply device and power supply method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111342566B CN111342566B CN202010215733.2A CN202010215733A CN111342566B CN 111342566 B CN111342566 B CN 111342566B CN 202010215733 A CN202010215733 A CN 202010215733A CN 111342566 B CN111342566 B CN 111342566B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/70—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
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Abstract
The invention discloses a resonance tracking type non-contact multi-path power supply device and a power supply method.A switch power supply circuit output end is connected to an MOS half-bridge circuit group, and the MOS half-bridge circuit group is formed by connecting a plurality of switch-controllable MOS half-bridge inverter circuits in parallel; each group of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits is connected with an electric energy transmitting loop, each electric energy transmitting loop is respectively formed by connecting a resonant capacitor and an electric energy transmitting coil in series to form a resonant loop, and all the electric energy transmitting loops are coupled with the same electric energy receiving coil; the power supply device also comprises a frequency tuning loop, a voltage regulating circuit and a power capacity regulating circuit which are used for respectively carrying out excitation frequency automatic regulation, excitation voltage automatic regulation and power capacity control regulation. The power supply device can automatically track the optimal resonant frequency point when the coupling parameters are changed, automatically adjust the excitation voltage according to the load change requirement, overcome the limitation of single group of inversion power, adjust the number of parallel loops according to the power requirement, improve the transmission efficiency and reduce the energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power supplies/power electronics, and relates to a resonance tracking type non-contact multi-path power supply device and a power supply method.
Background
Non-contact power supply is used as a novel energy transmission form, has the characteristics of no contact, no abrasion, no spark, full sealing, water resistance, explosion suppression and the like, and is gradually applied to the fields of rotating parts, machine joints, waterproof equipment, kitchen/bathroom appliances, mobile/portable equipment, underground equipment and the like.
The existing non-contact power supply generally utilizes a loose coupling transformer formed by a magnetic material and a coil as an energy transmission channel, excitation voltage is applied to a primary coil, an alternating magnetic field is excited in space, and the magnetic field is used as an energy carrier to cross an air gap and then is coupled and induced from a secondary coil to supply power to equipment. There are two main types of existing ways of providing an incentive:
direct excitation mode: the excitation voltage is directly applied to the primary coil, and only part of magnetic lines of force are coupled to the secondary coil due to the low coupling coefficient of the loose coupling transformer, so that the transmission efficiency is low by adopting direct excitation, the electric energy transmission distance is short, the application range is narrow, and the direct excitation power supply device is only used for occasions with low cost and low power supply, such as electric toothbrushes and other consumer products.
LC resonance excitation mode: the primary coil and the capacitor form a resonant circuit, the resonant circuit is divided into a series resonance type and a parallel resonance type according to the connection relation of the resonant circuit, the excitation source is applied to the resonant circuit in the two types of resonant modes, when the frequency of the excitation source is equal to the inherent resonant frequency of the LC circuit, the voltage which is many times higher than the voltage of the excitation source is obtained due to resonance on the transmitting coil, meanwhile, the energy which is not transmitted can be recycled by the capacitor, and the transmission efficiency and the transmission distance are greatly improved. Therefore, the method is mainly applied to applications requiring high power and high efficiency, such as power supply of mechanical rotary joints and high-power waterproof equipment and high-efficiency wireless chargers.
With the popularization of the non-contact power supply technology, the power and efficiency requirements for the non-contact power supply technology are higher and higher, and at present, the non-contact power supply technology has several problems in the application environment:
1. in the non-contact power supply power transmission, an inverter circuit is needed, the inverter power is limited by components, and the single-group inverter power is low. In high-power transmission, multiple inversion parallels are needed to meet the transmission power requirement. Meanwhile, each group of running MOS half-bridge circuits can generate fixed component loss, and when transmission power is low, multi-path inversion can generate great loss.
2. In practice, the coupling coefficient of the system varies with the distance and relative position between the transmitter coil and the receiver coil. The equivalent inductance, Q value and other parameters of the transmitter coil will change, causing the LC resonant frequency to change. Therefore, the distance between the transceiver coil and the receiving coil needs to be relatively fixed, and the application range is limited.
Due to the low coupling coefficient of the coupling channel, when the load of the receiving end is changed in a large range, the voltage of the receiving end is caused to change in a large range. The receiver load is required to be relatively constant, and the design difficulty and cost of the rear-stage power supply circuit are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a resonance tracking type non-contact multi-path power supply device, which can automatically track an optimal resonance frequency point when a coupling parameter changes, automatically adjust an excitation voltage according to a load change requirement, overcome a single set of inverter power limitation, adjust the number of parallel loops according to a power requirement, ensure that electric energy can be transmitted with high power at an optimal transmission efficiency under the conditions of a low coupling coefficient, a coil position change and a load characteristic change, and reduce energy consumption.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a resonance tracking type non-contact multi-path power supply method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the output end of a switch power supply circuit is connected to an MOS half-bridge circuit group to form a high-power excitation source, wherein the MOS half-bridge circuit group is formed by connecting a plurality of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits with controllable switches in parallel; each group of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits is connected with an electric energy transmitting loop, each electric energy transmitting loop is respectively formed by connecting a resonant capacitor and an electric energy transmitting coil in series to form a resonant loop, and all the electric energy transmitting loops carry out non-contact energy transmission through a coupling structure; the voltage sampler samples the voltage of the electric energy transmitting loop; the power supply device also comprises a frequency tuning loop, a voltage regulating circuit and a power capacity regulating circuit;
the voltage regulating circuit comprises a comparison amplifier, one path of the input end of the voltage regulating circuit is a voltage sampling signal, and the voltage sampling signal output by the voltage sampler is connected with the comparison amplifier through a high-frequency detection filter circuit; the other path is a reference voltage signal, a reference voltage source inputs the reference voltage signal to a comparison amplifier, the output end of the comparison amplifier is connected with a switching power supply circuit, the voltage amplitude is controlled, and an excitation voltage automatic regulation loop is formed;
the power capacity regulating circuit comprises a division circuit and a half-bridge switch control circuit, wherein the input end of the power capacity regulating circuit is provided with two paths, and one path of the power capacity regulating circuit inputs a reference power signal to the division circuit through a reference power source; the other path is a voltage sampling signal output by a voltage sampler and is connected with a division circuit through a high-frequency detection filter circuit, the output end of the division circuit is sequentially connected with a half-bridge switch control circuit and a floating gate driver, wherein the half-bridge switch control circuit is composed of a plurality of groups of switch circuits with different trigger voltages, each switch circuit outputs and controls a group of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits, the parallel number of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuits which run simultaneously is controlled, and a power capacity control and regulation loop is formed.
Furthermore, the frequency tuning loop comprises a zero-crossing detector, a phase discriminator and a voltage-controlled oscillator, the current sampler samples the current of the electric energy transmitting loop, and the output end of the current sampler is connected with the zero-crossing detector, the phase discriminator and the voltage-controlled oscillator in sequence and then outputs the current to the floating gate driver; an excitation voltage signal of the electric energy transmitting loop is output to the floating gate driver through the phase discriminator, and the floating gate driver controls the on-off frequency of the MOS tubes in the MOS half-bridge circuit group to form an excitation frequency automatic adjusting loop.
Furthermore, the coupling structure is composed of an electric energy transmitting coil, a transmitting end magnetic core, an electric energy receiving coil and a receiving end magnetic core, wherein the electric energy transmitting coil is wound on the transmitting end magnetic core in the same direction with the same number of turns to form a group of transmitting coils with the same inductance value; the electric energy receiving coil is wound on the receiving end magnetic core and forms coupling with the transmitting end, and the transmitting end magnetic core and the receiving end magnetic core are identical in structure and opposite in position.
Furthermore, the electric energy transmitting loop is composed of an electric energy transmitting coil and resonant capacitors, and the capacitors of all the resonant capacitors are the same in size.
Furthermore, the electric energy receiving coil is connected with a load through a rectifying and voltage stabilizing circuit.
Furthermore, the voltage regulating circuit comprises a single chip microcomputer, a voltage sampler, a high-frequency detection filter circuit and a floating gate driver; the single chip microcomputer controls the connection of the floating gate driver and the MOS half-bridge inverter circuit so as to control the parallel number of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuits, and simultaneously controls the floating gate driver to alternately drive the switching tubes to be conducted so as to generate high-power excitation square wave voltage; the voltage sampler obtains a voltage sampling signal in the electric energy transmitting loop, the voltage sampling signal is input into an A/D converter of the single chip microcomputer through a high-frequency detection filter circuit, a microprocessor measures the voltage amplitude in the resonant loop through an amplitude measuring module and compares the voltage amplitude with a voltage set value to obtain the error between the voltage set value and the actual voltage, an excitation voltage adjusting quantity is calculated by an adjusting quantity calculating module according to the amplitude error, and the output voltage of the switching power supply circuit is changed by an excitation voltage adjusting module according to the excitation voltage adjusting quantity to realize the automatic adjustment of the excitation voltage;
the power capacity regulating circuit comprises a voltage sampler, a high-frequency detection filter circuit and a half-bridge switch control module; the half-bridge switch control module is a submodule of a single chip microcomputer and is composed of a division circuit, a voltage sampling signal output by a voltage sampler is input into the division circuit through a high-frequency detection filter circuit, power is input into the division circuit by reference, a microprocessor of the division circuit calculates the current according to real-time voltage and a preset power standard, the output of the division circuit is connected with a switch circuit group triggered by a level, each switch circuit output controls a group of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits through a floating gate driver, the parallel quantity of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuits which run simultaneously is controlled, and a power capacity control and regulation loop is formed.
Furthermore, the frequency tuning loop comprises a single chip microcomputer, a current sampler and a zero-crossing detection circuit, wherein the current sampler acquires a current sampling signal in the electric energy transmitting loop and inputs the current sampling signal into an interrupt pin of the single chip microcomputer through the zero-crossing detection circuit, the microprocessor measures the phase difference between voltage and current in the resonant loop through the phase difference measurement module, the adjustment quantity calculation module calculates the frequency adjustment quantity according to the phase difference, and the variable-frequency square wave generation module changes the excitation frequency according to the frequency adjustment quantity to keep the phase difference between the voltage and the current in the resonant loop to be zero, so that the automatic adjustment of the excitation frequency is realized.
Further, the single chip microcomputer is respectively connected with the key and the display, and the voltage reference value and the transmission power are set through the key and the display.
A resonance tracking type non-contact multi-path power supply method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, generating an amplitude-adjustable voltage source by using a switching power supply circuit in a synchronous buck mode, applying the amplitude-adjustable voltage source to a power supply end of an MOS half-bridge circuit group, wherein the MOS half-bridge circuit group is formed by connecting a plurality of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits with controllable switches in parallel, and controlling the on-off number of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuits through a power capacity adjusting circuit; a frequency-controllable oscillator is used for generating a high-frequency signal, and the voltage source is chopped by an MOS half-bridge inverter circuit to generate a high-frequency high-power square wave excitation signal;
s2, each MOS half-bridge inverter circuit is connected with an electric energy transmitting loop, each electric energy transmitting loop is respectively formed by connecting a resonant capacitor and an electric energy transmitting coil in series, and the high-frequency high-power square wave excitation signals generated in the step S1 are added at two ends of the resonant loop;
s3, continuously acquiring current sampling signals in the electric energy transmitting loop by using a current sampler, continuously acquiring voltage sampling signals in the electric energy transmitting loop by using a voltage sampler, adjusting the frequency by using a frequency tuning loop, adjusting the voltage amplitude by using a voltage adjusting circuit, and adjusting the power by using a power capacity adjusting circuit;
the frequency tuning loop shapes the acquired current signal by using a zero-crossing detector, and the current signal is changed into a square wave with the same phase as the current signal and is used as a current phase signal; calculating the phase difference between an excitation voltage signal and a current phase signal of the electric energy transmitting loop, calculating a frequency adjustment amount by adopting an integral algorithm according to the phase difference, continuously changing the output frequency of the frequency-controllable oscillator according to the phase difference, reducing the frequency according to the adjustment amount if the voltage leads the current, and otherwise increasing the frequency according to the adjustment amount to keep the same phase of the voltage and the current of the resonant loop.
The voltage regulating circuit detects, amplifies and filters the voltage sampling signal to obtain the amplitude of alternating voltage in the electric energy transmitting loop; comparing the amplitude of the voltage in the electric energy transmitting loop with a set value to obtain a voltage amplitude error; calculating an excitation voltage adjustment amount by adopting a proportional-integral algorithm according to the voltage amplitude error, continuously adjusting the voltage value of the adjustable voltage source, if the current amplitude of the electric energy transmitting loop is higher than a set value, reducing the excitation voltage value according to the excitation voltage adjustment amount, and otherwise, increasing the excitation voltage value to ensure that the voltage amplitude of the resonant loop is constant;
the power capacity regulating circuit compares the voltage amplitude in the electric energy transmitting loop with a preset power value to obtain a control voltage; determining and adjusting the parallel number of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuits which run simultaneously according to the control voltage, so that the input power is matched;
and S4, transmitting the adjusted electric energy to loop current, wherein all the electric energy transmitting loops perform non-contact energy transmission through a coupling structure, and the electric energy is provided to a load through a rectifying and voltage-stabilizing circuit.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts multiple paths of same transmitting coils which are connected in parallel and form a linear superposition relationship on a magnetic circuit; increasing the number of parallel loops, wherein the total voltage of the transmitting end and the total turn number of the winding of the transmitting end are increased in the same proportion, and when the voltage is correspondingly applied to the receiving end, the voltage of the receiving end is unchanged; in the resonance tracking type non-contact multi-path power supply device, when a single electric energy transmitting loop resonates, other electric energy transmitting loops also resonate, so that resonance tracking of the full transmission device can be ensured, and transmission efficiency is ensured.
2. The invention adopts a structure that a plurality of groups of on-off controllable MOS half-bridge circuits are connected in parallel, when the transmission power is smaller, the number of parallel branches can be reduced to reduce the loss of fixed components, and when the transmission power is larger, the number of parallel lines can be increased to meet the requirement of transmission capacity; the maximum power of electric energy transmission is greatly improved while the transmission efficiency is ensured.
3. The frequency tuning loop acquires the current phase information of the resonant loop through the current sampler and the zero crossing comparator, and forms an automatic frequency adjusting loop through the phase discriminator and the controllable oscillator, so that the excited frequency can be automatically adjusted to the resonant frequency when the electromagnetic coupling characteristic changes, thereby ensuring that the wireless power supply device has the maximum efficiency and the transmission distance all the time, and realizing the automatic tracking function of the resonant frequency.
4. The invention adopts the voltage sampler to detect the voltage of the resonant circuit, and adjusts the amplitude of the exciting voltage through the comparison amplifier and the switch power supply, so that the induction voltage can be ensured to be basically constant under the condition of large change of the load current, and the design difficulty and the cost of a post-stage circuit are reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a first embodiment of the resonance tracking type contactless multi-path power supply apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a second embodiment of the resonance tracking type contactless multi-path power supply apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a resonant tracking type non-contact multi-path power supply method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a coupling structure according to a first embodiment and a second embodiment of the invention.
101. The power supply comprises a direct current power supply, 102 a switching power supply circuit, 103 a MOS half-bridge circuit group, 104 an electric energy transmitting loop, 105 an electric energy receiving coil, 106 a rectifying and voltage stabilizing circuit, 107 a load, 108 a current sampler, 109 a frequency tuning loop, 110 a voltage sampler, 111 a high-frequency detection filter circuit, 112 a voltage regulating circuit, 113 a power capacity regulating circuit, 114 a reference power source, 115 a floating gate driver, 116 a reference voltage source, 209 a zero-crossing detection circuit, 210 a single chip microcomputer, 213 keys, 214 a display, 216 a switching circuit group, 401 an electric energy transmitting coil, 402 a transmitting end magnetic core and 404 a receiving end magnetic core.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention includes a dc power supply 101, a switching power supply circuit 102, a MOS half-bridge circuit group 103, a power transmitting circuit 104, a power receiving coil 105, a rectifying and voltage stabilizing circuit 106, a load 107, a current sampler 108, a frequency tuning circuit 109, a voltage sampler 110, a high-frequency detection filter circuit 111, a voltage adjusting circuit 112, a power capacity adjusting circuit 113, a floating gate driver 115, and a reference voltage source 116.
The switching power supply circuit 102 adopts a synchronous voltage reduction mode, the amplitude is adjustable from 0% to 100%, the input end of the switching power supply circuit is connected with the direct current power supply 101, the output end of the switching power supply circuit is connected to the MOS half-bridge circuit group 103 to form a high-power excitation source, and the MOS half-bridge circuit group 103 is formed by connecting a plurality of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits with controllable switches in parallel; each group of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits is connected with one electric energy transmitting loop 104, each electric energy transmitting loop 104 is respectively formed by connecting a resonant capacitor and an electric energy transmitting coil 401 in series to form a resonant loop, and all the electric energy transmitting loops 104 carry out non-contact energy transmission through a coupling structure.
As shown in fig. 4, the coupling structure is composed of a power transmitting coil 401, a transmitting end magnetic core 402, a power receiving coil 105, and a receiving end magnetic core 404; the electric energy transmitting coil 401 is wound on the transmitting end magnetic core 402 in the same direction with the same number of turns to form a group of transmitting coils with the same inductance value; the electric energy receiving coils 105 are wound on the receiving end magnetic cores 404 and are coupled with the transmitting end, and as the transmitting end magnetic cores 402 and the receiving end magnetic cores 404 are identical in structure and opposite in position, each electric energy transmitting coil 401 is identical in coupling condition and mutual inductance with the electric energy receiving coils 105, the mutual inductance coefficient is identical, and when the parallel number of the electric energy transmitting coils 401 is increased, the induced voltage of the electric energy receiving coils 105 cannot change. The capacitance of all the resonant capacitors is the same, the impedance of each electric energy transmitting loop 104 is the same, and the resonant frequency is the same; when one power transmission loop 104 resonates, the remaining power transmission loops 104 also resonate, which can ensure the resonance tracking of the full transmission device.
The current sampler 108 adopts a mutual inductor of a non-inductive resistor or a high-frequency ferrite magnetic core to sample the current of the resonant loop; the voltage sampler 110 samples the voltage of the resonant circuit; the electric energy receiving coil 105 is connected with a load 107 through a rectifying and voltage-stabilizing circuit 106; the power supply further comprises a frequency tuning loop 109, a voltage regulating circuit 112 and a power capacity regulating circuit 113.
The frequency tuning loop 109 comprises a zero-crossing detector, a phase detector and a voltage-controlled oscillator, the current sampler 108 samples the current of the electric energy transmitting loop 104, and the output end of the current sampler 108 is connected with the zero-crossing detector, the phase detector and the voltage-controlled oscillator in sequence and then outputs the current to the floating gate driver 115; an excitation voltage signal of the electric energy transmitting loop 104 is output to the floating gate driver 115 through the phase detector, and the floating gate driver 115 controls the on-off frequency of the MOS tubes in the MOS half-bridge circuit group 103 to form an excitation frequency automatic adjusting loop.
The voltage regulating circuit 112 comprises a comparison amplifier, two paths are arranged at the input end of the voltage regulating circuit 112, one path is a voltage sampling signal, and the voltage sampling signal output by the voltage sampler 110 is connected with the comparison amplifier through a high-frequency detection filter circuit 111; the other path is a reference voltage signal, the reference voltage source 116 inputs the reference voltage signal to the comparison amplifier, the output end of the comparison amplifier is connected with the switch power circuit 102 to control the voltage amplitude, and an excitation voltage automatic regulation loop is formed; when the transmission structure of the invention operates, the voltage and the current on each electric energy transmitting loop 104 are the same, but the number of the electric energy transmitting loops 104 operating at the same time is different along with the change of the transmission power, the number of parallel lines needs to be considered by adopting the current regulation, the voltage regulation is more clear and convenient, the voltage regulation can ensure the stability of the voltage of the receiving end, and the transmission structure has more advantages than the current regulation.
The power capacity adjusting circuit 113 comprises a division circuit and a half-bridge switch control circuit, wherein two paths are arranged at the input end of the power capacity adjusting circuit 113, and one path inputs a reference power signal to the division circuit through the reference power source 114; the other path is a voltage sampling signal output by a voltage sampler 110 and is connected with a division circuit through a high-frequency detection filter circuit 111, the output end of the division circuit is sequentially connected with a half-bridge switch control circuit and a floating gate driver 115, wherein the half-bridge switch control circuit is composed of a plurality of groups of switch circuits with different trigger voltages, each switch circuit outputs and controls one group of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits, the number of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuits which run simultaneously is controlled, and a power capacity control and regulation loop is formed.
The working principle of the non-contact power supply device of the embodiment is as follows:
the direct current power supply 101 generates a direct current voltage source with variable amplitude of 0-100% through the switching power supply circuit 102 in the synchronous voltage reduction mode, the direct current voltage source is added to a power supply end of an MOS half-bridge circuit group 103 formed by an MOS half-bridge inverter circuit, the power capacity adjusting circuit 113 controls the connection of the floating gate driver 115 and the MOS switching circuit so as to control the parallel quantity of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuit, and the floating gate driver 115 alternately drives the switching tubes to be conducted so as to generate high-power excitation square wave voltage. The high-power excitation square wave voltage obtains a sinusoidal current signal at the electric energy transmitting coil through a series resonance loop formed by the resonance capacitor and the electric energy transmitting coil, an excited magnetic field crosses a magnetic gap, an induced voltage is obtained in the electric energy receiving coil 105, and the induced voltage supplies power to a load 107 after passing through a rectifying and voltage stabilizing circuit 106. Obtaining a current sampling signal in the power transmitting loop 104 through a current sampler 108, and obtaining a voltage sampling signal in the power transmitting loop 104 through a voltage sampler 110, wherein:
the current sampling signal is changed into a square wave with the same frequency and phase as the current of the electric energy transmitting loop 104 after passing through the zero-crossing detection circuit, and the square wave is used as a current phase signal; the current phase signal and the excitation voltage signal are sent to the phase discriminator together to obtain the phase difference between the current phase signal and the excitation voltage signal. The phase difference output signal is connected with a voltage-controlled oscillator, the frequency of the excitation signal is changed according to the phase difference, if the voltage leads the current, the excitation frequency is reduced, otherwise, the excitation frequency is increased, a feedback loop is formed, and the feedback result is that the phase difference between the current signal and the excitation voltage signal in the resonant loop is always zero, namely, the resonant loop always works at the resonant frequency.
The voltage sampling signal is used as an excitation voltage amplitude signal after passing through the high-frequency detection filter circuit 111, and is connected to the comparison amplifier, the excitation voltage amplitude signal is compared with the reference voltage, and the comparison result is used for controlling the output voltage of the switching power supply circuit 102, so that the automatic adjustment of the excitation voltage is realized, and the voltage amplitude of the electric energy transmitting loop 104 is constant. The electric energy transmitting coil can generate the same alternating magnetic field intensity under different load conditions, namely the electric energy receiving coil can obtain nearly constant voltage. By varying the reference voltage source 116, the coupling voltage of the secondary can be varied, thereby setting the load voltage.
The voltage sampling signal is input into the division circuit through the high-frequency detection filter circuit 111, the control voltage is obtained by comparing the voltage sampling signal with the power reference in the division circuit, the control voltage is input into the half-bridge switch control circuit, the number of parallel MOS half-bridge inverter circuits in the MOS half-bridge circuit group 103 is adjusted, when the transmission power is small, the number of parallel branches is reduced to maintain high transmission efficiency, and when the transmission power is large, the number of parallel lines is increased to meet the requirement of transmission capacity.
In the wireless transmission structure, in order to improve the maximum power of wireless transmission, the added MOS half-bridge inverter circuit generates fixed component loss, but when the transmission power is small, the efficiency is extremely low. The invention designs a controllable half-bridge inverter circuit group, when the required transmission power is smaller, the number of parallel branches can be reduced through a power capacity regulating circuit 113 to maintain high transmission efficiency, when the required transmission power is larger, the number of parallel branches can be increased through the power capacity regulating circuit 113 to meet the transmission capacity requirement, so that the parallel branches are matched with the output power to obtain a high-efficiency power transmission loop with enough capacity; the input power of a multi-path end is increased on the premise of ensuring that the voltage and the resonant frequency of the receiving end are not changed.
Referring to fig. 2, the second embodiment of the present invention comprises a dc power supply 101, a switching power supply circuit 102, a MOS half-bridge circuit group 103, an electric energy transmitting circuit 104, an electric energy receiving coil 105, a rectifying and voltage-stabilizing circuit 106, a load 107, a current sampler 108, a zero-crossing detecting circuit 209, a single chip microcomputer 210, a voltage sampler 110, a high-frequency detecting filter circuit 111, a key 213, a display 214, a floating gate driver 115, and a switching circuit group 216.
The frequency tuning loop 109, the voltage adjusting circuit 112 and the power capacity adjusting circuit 113 are realized by a single chip microcomputer 210, and other structures are the same as those in the first embodiment; the frequency tuning loop 109 comprises a single chip microcomputer 210, a current sampler 108 and a zero-crossing detection circuit 209, wherein the current sampler 108 acquires a current sampling signal in the electric energy emission loop 104 and inputs the current sampling signal into an interrupt pin of the single chip microcomputer 210 through the zero-crossing detection circuit 209, the microprocessor measures the phase difference between voltage and current in the resonance loop through a phase difference measurement module, the adjustment quantity calculation module calculates a frequency adjustment quantity according to the phase difference, and the variable-frequency square wave generation module changes excitation frequency according to the frequency adjustment quantity to keep the phase difference between the voltage and the current in the resonance loop to be zero, so that the excitation frequency is automatically adjusted.
The voltage regulating circuit 112 comprises a singlechip 210, a voltage sampler 110, a high-frequency detection filter circuit 111 and a floating gate driver 115; the single chip microcomputer 210 controls the floating gate driver 115 to alternately drive the switching tubes to be conducted, and high-power excitation square wave voltage is generated; the voltage sampler 110 obtains a voltage sampling signal in the power transmitting loop 104, the voltage sampling signal is input into an A/D converter of the single chip microcomputer 210 through the high-frequency detection filter circuit 111, the microprocessor measures the voltage amplitude in the resonant loop through the amplitude measuring module and compares the voltage amplitude with a voltage set value to calculate the error between the voltage set value and the actual voltage, the excitation voltage adjustment quantity is calculated by the adjustment quantity calculating module according to the amplitude error, and the output voltage of the switching power supply circuit 102 is changed by the excitation voltage adjustment module according to the excitation voltage adjustment quantity to realize the automatic adjustment of the excitation voltage.
The power capacity regulating circuit 113 comprises a voltage sampler 110, a high-frequency detection filter circuit 111 and a half-bridge switch control module; the half-bridge switch control module is a submodule of the single chip microcomputer 210 and is composed of a division circuit, a voltage sampling signal output by the voltage sampler 110 is input into the division circuit through the high-frequency detection filter circuit 111, power reference is input into the division circuit, a microprocessor of the division circuit calculates the current corresponding to the real-time voltage and a preset power standard, the output of the division circuit is connected with a switch circuit group 216 triggered by a level, each switch circuit output controls a group of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits through the floating gate driver 115, the parallel number of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuits which run simultaneously is controlled, and a power capacity control and regulation loop is formed.
The working principle of the non-contact power supply device of the embodiment is as follows:
the single chip microcomputer 210 controls the switch circuit group 216, the switch circuit group 216 controls the connection of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuits so as to control the parallel number of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuits, and meanwhile, the single chip microcomputer 210 controls the floating gate driver 115 to alternately drive the switching tubes to be conducted so as to generate high-power excitation square wave voltage. The high-power excitation square wave voltage obtains a sinusoidal current signal at the electric energy transmitting coil through a series resonance loop formed by the resonance capacitor and the electric energy transmitting coil, an excited magnetic field crosses a magnetic gap, an induced voltage is obtained in the electric energy receiving coil 105, and the induced voltage supplies power to a load 107 after passing through a rectifying circuit, a rectifying circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit 106. The current sampler 108 obtains a current sampling signal in the power transmitting loop 104 and inputs the current sampling signal into the single chip microcomputer 210 through the zero-crossing detection circuit 209, and the voltage sampler 110 obtains a voltage sampling signal in the power transmitting loop 104 and inputs the voltage sampling signal into the single chip microcomputer 210 through the high-frequency detection filter circuit 111, wherein:
the current sampling signal passes through the zero-crossing detection circuit 209 and then becomes a square wave with the same frequency and phase as the current of the power transmission loop 104, and the square wave is used as a current phase signal. The current phase signal is sent to an interrupt pin of the single chip microcomputer 210, the microprocessor measures the phase difference between the voltage and the current in the resonant circuit through the phase difference measuring module, the adjustment quantity calculating module calculates the frequency adjustment quantity according to the phase difference, and the variable frequency square wave generating module changes the excitation frequency according to the frequency adjustment quantity, so that the phase difference between the voltage and the current in the resonant circuit is kept to be zero, namely the resonant circuit always works at a resonant frequency point.
The voltage sampling signal is used as an excitation voltage amplitude signal after passing through the high-frequency detection filter circuit 111, the excitation voltage amplitude signal is connected to an A/D converter of the single chip microcomputer 210, the microprocessor measures the voltage amplitude in the resonant circuit through an amplitude measuring module and compares the voltage amplitude with a voltage set value to calculate the error between the voltage set value and the actual voltage, an excitation voltage adjusting quantity is calculated by an adjusting quantity calculating module according to the amplitude error, the output voltage of the switching power supply circuit 102 is changed by an excitation voltage adjusting module according to the excitation voltage adjusting quantity, so that the automatic adjustment of the excitation voltage is realized, the amplitude of the transmission voltage is constant, and the electric energy receiving coil 105 can obtain a nearly constant voltage; the voltage reference value is set by the key 213 and the display 214, thereby realizing the function of setting the load voltage.
The output of the division circuit is connected with a level trigger switch group, the output of each switch circuit controls a group of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits through a floating gate driver 115, and the parallel number of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuits which run simultaneously is controlled to form a power capacity control and regulation loop. The transmission power can be set through the key 213 and the display 214; when the required transmission power is smaller, the number of parallel branches can be reduced to maintain high transmission efficiency, and when the required transmission power is larger, the number of parallel branches can be increased to meet the transmission capacity requirement.
The invention relates to a wireless transmission device with adjustable transmission voltage, transmission frequency and transmission capacity. The transmitting coils of each electric energy transmitting loop 104 are the same, all the transmitting coils are wound on the same iron core in the same direction, the number of parallel loops is increased, the total voltage of the transmitting end and the total number of turns of the winding of the transmitting end are increased in the same proportion, and when the receiving end is correspondingly connected, the voltage of the receiving end is unchanged. In the resonance tracking type non-contact multi-path power supply device, when a single electric energy transmitting loop resonates, other electric energy transmitting loops also resonate, and resonance tracking of the full transmission device can be ensured. The wireless transmission structure designed by the invention can ensure that the capacity adjustment can be independently completed under the conditions that the voltage adjustment and the frequency adjustment are not influenced.
As shown in fig. 3, the resonance tracking type non-contact multi-path power supply method according to the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
s1, generating an adjustable voltage source with the amplitude of 0-100% by using the switching power supply circuit 102 in a synchronous voltage reduction mode, applying the adjustable voltage source to a power supply end of the MOS half-bridge circuit group 103, wherein the MOS half-bridge circuit group 103 is formed by connecting a plurality of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits with controllable switches in parallel, and controlling the on-off number of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuits through the power capacity adjusting circuit 113; a frequency-controllable oscillator is used for generating a high-frequency signal, and the voltage source is chopped by an MOS half-bridge inverter circuit to generate a high-frequency high-power square wave excitation signal;
s2, each group of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits is connected with one electric energy transmitting loop 104, each electric energy transmitting loop 104 is respectively formed by connecting a resonant capacitor and an electric energy transmitting coil 401 in series to form a resonant loop, and the high-frequency high-power square wave excitation signals generated in the step S1 are added at two ends of the resonant loop;
s3, continuously obtaining a current sampling signal in the power transmitting loop 104 by the current sampler 108, continuously obtaining a voltage sampling signal in the power transmitting loop 104 by the voltage sampler 110, performing frequency adjustment through the frequency tuning loop 109, performing voltage amplitude adjustment through the voltage adjusting circuit 112, and performing power adjustment through the power capacity adjusting circuit 113;
the frequency tuning loop 109 shapes the acquired current signal by the zero-crossing detector, and changes the current signal into a square wave having the same phase as the current signal as a current phase signal; calculating the phase difference between the excitation voltage signal and the current phase signal of the electric energy transmitting loop 104, calculating the frequency adjustment amount by adopting an integral algorithm according to the phase difference, continuously changing the output frequency of the frequency-controllable oscillator according to the phase difference, reducing the frequency according to the adjustment amount if the voltage leads the current, and otherwise increasing the frequency according to the adjustment amount to keep the voltage and the current of the resonant loop in the same phase.
The voltage regulating circuit 112 detects, amplifies and filters the voltage sampling signal to obtain the amplitude of the alternating voltage in the electric energy transmitting loop 104; comparing the amplitude of the voltage in the electric energy transmitting loop 104 with a set value to obtain a voltage amplitude error; calculating an excitation voltage adjustment amount by adopting a proportional-integral algorithm according to the voltage amplitude error, continuously adjusting the voltage value of the adjustable voltage source, if the current amplitude of the electric energy transmitting loop 104 is higher than a set value, reducing the excitation voltage value according to the excitation voltage adjustment amount, and otherwise increasing the excitation voltage value to ensure that the voltage amplitude of the resonant loop is constant;
the power capacity adjusting circuit 113 compares the voltage amplitude in the electric energy transmitting loop 104 with a preset power value to obtain a control voltage; determining and adjusting the parallel number of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuits which run simultaneously according to the control voltage, so that the input power is matched;
and S4, transmitting the adjusted current of the electric energy transmitting loop 104, and transmitting all the electric energy transmitting loops 104 through the coupling structure in a non-contact manner to the load 107 through the rectifying and voltage stabilizing circuit 106.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A resonance tracking type non-contact multi-path power supply device is characterized in that the output end of a switch power supply circuit (102) is connected to an MOS half-bridge circuit group (103) to form a high-power excitation source, wherein the MOS half-bridge circuit group (103) is formed by connecting a plurality of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits with controllable switches in parallel; each group of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits is connected with one electric energy transmitting loop (104), each electric energy transmitting loop (104) is respectively formed by connecting a resonant capacitor and an electric energy transmitting coil (401) in series to form a resonant loop, and all the electric energy transmitting loops (104) carry out non-contact energy transmission through a coupling structure; the voltage sampler (110) samples the voltage of the electric energy transmitting loop (104); the power supply device further comprises a frequency tuning loop (109), a voltage regulating circuit (112) and a power capacity regulating circuit (113);
the voltage regulating circuit (112) comprises a comparison amplifier, one path of the input end of the voltage regulating circuit (112) is a voltage sampling signal, and the voltage sampling signal output by the voltage sampler (110) is connected with the comparison amplifier through a high-frequency detection filter circuit (111); the other path is a reference voltage signal, a reference voltage source (116) inputs the reference voltage signal to a comparison amplifier, the output end of the comparison amplifier is connected with a switching power supply circuit (102) to control the voltage amplitude, and an excitation voltage automatic regulation loop is formed;
the power capacity adjusting circuit (113) comprises a division circuit and a half-bridge switch control circuit, wherein the input end of the power capacity adjusting circuit (113) is provided with two paths, and one path of the input power capacity adjusting circuit inputs a reference power signal to the division circuit through a reference power source (114); the other path is a voltage sampling signal output by a voltage sampler (110), the voltage sampling signal is connected with a division circuit through a high-frequency detection filter circuit (111), the output end of the division circuit is sequentially connected with a half-bridge switch control circuit and a floating gate driver (115), wherein the half-bridge switch control circuit consists of a plurality of groups of switch circuits with different trigger voltages, each switch circuit outputs and controls a group of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits, and the parallel number of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuits which run simultaneously is controlled to form a power capacity control regulating loop;
the coupling structure is composed of an electric energy transmitting coil (401), a transmitting end magnetic core (402), an electric energy receiving coil (105) and a receiving end magnetic core (404), the electric energy transmitting coil (401) is wound on the transmitting end magnetic core (402) in the same direction with the same number of turns, multiple paths of the same electric energy transmitting coil (401) are connected in parallel, a linear superposition relationship is formed on a magnetic circuit, and a group of transmitting coils with the same inductance value is formed; the electric energy receiving coil (105) is wound on the receiving end magnetic core (404) and is coupled with the transmitting end, and the transmitting end magnetic core (402) and the receiving end magnetic core (404) are identical in structure and opposite in position.
2. The resonance tracking type non-contact multi-path power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the frequency tuning loop (109) comprises a zero-crossing detector, a phase detector and a voltage-controlled oscillator, the current sampler (108) samples the current of the power transmitting loop (104), and the output end of the current sampler (108) is connected with the zero-crossing detector, the phase detector and the voltage-controlled oscillator in sequence and then outputs the current to the floating gate driver (115); an excitation voltage signal of the electric energy emission loop (104) is output to the floating gate driver (115) through the phase detector, and the floating gate driver (115) controls the on-off frequency of MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes in the MOS half-bridge circuit group (103) to form an excitation frequency automatic regulation loop.
3. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power transmitting loop (104) is formed by a power transmitting coil (401) and a resonant capacitor, and the capacitance of all the resonant capacitors is the same.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power receiving coil (105) is connected to a load (107) through a rectifying and voltage-stabilizing circuit (106).
5. The resonance tracking type non-contact multi-path power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the voltage regulating circuit (112) comprises a single chip microcomputer (210), a voltage sampler (110), a high-frequency detection filter circuit (111) and a floating gate driver (115); the single chip microcomputer (210) controls the connection of the floating gate driver (115) and the MOS half-bridge inverter circuit so as to control the parallel number of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuit, and meanwhile, the single chip microcomputer (210) controls the floating gate driver (115) to alternately drive the switch tube to be conducted so as to generate high-power excitation square wave voltage; the voltage sampler (110) obtains a voltage sampling signal in the electric energy transmitting loop (104), the voltage sampling signal is input into an A/D converter of the singlechip (210) through a high-frequency detection filter circuit (111), a microprocessor measures the voltage amplitude in the resonance loop through an amplitude measuring module and compares the voltage amplitude with a voltage set value to calculate the error between the voltage set value and the actual voltage, an adjusting quantity calculating module calculates the adjusting quantity of the excitation voltage according to the amplitude error, and an excitation voltage adjusting module changes the output voltage of the switching power supply circuit (102) according to the adjusting quantity of the excitation voltage to realize the automatic adjustment of the excitation voltage;
the power capacity regulating circuit (113) comprises a voltage sampler (110), a high-frequency detection filter circuit (111) and a half-bridge switch control module; the half-bridge switch control module is a submodule of a single chip microcomputer (210), the half-bridge switch control module is composed of a division circuit, a voltage sampling signal output by a voltage sampler (110) is input into the division circuit through a high-frequency detection filter circuit (111), power reference is input into the division circuit, a microprocessor of the division circuit calculates the current according to real-time voltage and a preset power standard, the output of the division circuit is connected with a switch circuit group (216) triggered by a level, each switch circuit output controls a group of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits through a floating gate driver (115), the parallel number of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuits which run simultaneously is controlled, and a power capacity control and regulation loop is formed.
6. The resonance tracking type non-contact multi-path power supply device according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the frequency tuning circuit (109) comprises a single chip microcomputer (210), a current sampler (108) and a zero-crossing detection circuit (209), the current sampler (108) acquires a current sampling signal in the electric energy transmitting circuit (104), the current sampling signal is input to an interrupt pin of the single chip microcomputer (210) through the zero-crossing detection circuit (209), the microprocessor measures a voltage and current phase difference in the resonance circuit through a phase difference measuring module, a frequency adjustment amount is calculated through an adjustment amount calculating module according to the phase difference, and an excitation frequency is changed through a variable frequency square wave generating module according to the frequency adjustment amount, so that the voltage and current phase difference in the resonance circuit is kept to be zero, and automatic adjustment of the excitation frequency is realized.
7. The resonance tracking type non-contact multi-path power supply device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the single chip microcomputer (210) is respectively connected with a key (213) and a display (214), and the voltage reference value and the transmission power are set through the key (213) and the display (214).
8. The power supply method of the resonance tracking type non-contact multi-path power supply device according to claim 2, is specifically performed according to the following steps:
s1, a switching power supply circuit (102) in a synchronous buck mode is used for generating an amplitude-adjustable voltage source which is applied to a power supply end of an MOS half-bridge circuit group (103), the MOS half-bridge circuit group (103) is formed by connecting a plurality of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits with controllable switches in parallel, and the on-off number of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuits is controlled by a power capacity adjusting circuit (113); a frequency-controllable oscillator is used for generating a high-frequency signal, and the voltage source is chopped by an MOS half-bridge inverter circuit to generate a high-frequency high-power square wave excitation signal;
s2, each group of MOS half-bridge inverter circuits is connected with an electric energy transmitting loop (104), each electric energy transmitting loop (104) is respectively formed by connecting a resonant capacitor and an electric energy transmitting coil (401) in series to form a resonant loop, and the high-frequency high-power square wave excitation signals generated in the step S1 are added at two ends of the resonant loop;
s3, continuously acquiring current sampling signals in the electric energy emission loop (104) by using a current sampler (108), continuously acquiring voltage sampling signals in the electric energy emission loop (104) by using a voltage sampler (110), performing frequency adjustment through a frequency tuning loop (109), performing voltage amplitude adjustment through a voltage adjusting circuit (112), and performing power adjustment through a power capacity adjusting circuit (113);
the frequency tuning loop (109) shapes the acquired current signal by using a zero-crossing detector, and the current signal is changed into a square wave with the same phase as the current signal and is used as a current phase signal; calculating the phase difference between an excitation voltage signal and a current phase signal of the electric energy transmitting loop (104), calculating a frequency adjustment amount by adopting an integral algorithm according to the phase difference, continuously changing the output frequency of the frequency-controllable oscillator according to the phase difference, reducing the frequency according to the adjustment amount if the voltage leads the current, and otherwise increasing the frequency according to the adjustment amount to keep the voltage and the current of the resonant loop in the same phase;
the voltage regulating circuit (112) detects, amplifies and filters the voltage sampling signal to obtain the amplitude of the alternating voltage in the electric energy transmitting loop (104); comparing the amplitude of the voltage in the electric energy transmitting loop (104) with a set value to obtain a voltage amplitude error; calculating an excitation voltage adjustment amount by adopting a proportional-integral algorithm according to the voltage amplitude error, continuously adjusting the voltage value of the adjustable voltage source, if the current amplitude of the electric energy transmitting loop (104) is higher than a set value, reducing the excitation voltage value according to the excitation voltage adjustment amount, and otherwise increasing the excitation voltage value to ensure that the voltage amplitude of the resonant loop is constant;
the power capacity regulating circuit (113) compares the voltage amplitude in the electric energy transmitting loop (104) with a preset power value to obtain a control voltage; determining and adjusting the parallel number of the MOS half-bridge inverter circuits which run simultaneously according to the control voltage, so that the input power is matched;
and S4, the adjusted current of the power transmitting loop (104) is transmitted, all the power transmitting loops (104) carry out non-contact energy transmission through a coupling structure, and the power is provided to a load (107) through a rectifying and voltage stabilizing circuit (106).
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| CN101834473A (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2010-09-15 | 西安电子科技大学 | Resonant tracking non-contact power supply device and power supply method |
| CN105262127A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-01-20 | 许昌学院 | Self-adaptive power control method of photovoltaic power generation hybrid energy storage system |
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