CN111342037A - Alkaline battery - Google Patents

Alkaline battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111342037A
CN111342037A CN202010347508.4A CN202010347508A CN111342037A CN 111342037 A CN111342037 A CN 111342037A CN 202010347508 A CN202010347508 A CN 202010347508A CN 111342037 A CN111342037 A CN 111342037A
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parts
raw materials
following raw
weight
electrolyte
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Pending
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CN202010347508.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
汪刚耀
莫照熙
黄建琴
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Lianzhou Lingli Battery Parts Co ltd
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Lianzhou Lingli Battery Parts Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010347508.4A priority Critical patent/CN111342037A/en
Publication of CN111342037A publication Critical patent/CN111342037A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362—Composites
    • H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/60—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of organic compounds
    • H01M4/602—Polymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
    • H01M2300/0071—Oxides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an alkaline battery, which comprises an anode material, a cathode material, a diaphragm and a diaphragm electrolyte for the diaphragm; the anode material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 63-69 parts of zinc powder, 0.3-0.4 part of polyacrylic acid, 0.25-0.35 part of sodium polyacrylate, 0.65-0.75 part of zinc oxide, 26-30 parts of anolyte A and 4-4.5 parts of anolyte B. The invention has the advantages of low gas production of the battery, slow electrical property decay, low liquid leakage rate and sufficient discharge in a high-voltage area, and compared with the products in the prior art, the service life of the battery is longer.

Description

Alkaline battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an alkaline battery.
Background
With the development of society and the advancement of technology, electronic products have been widely introduced, and the demand of people for power supply components of electronic products is increasing. The alkaline battery is also called alkaline dry battery, alkaline zinc-manganese battery, alkaline manganese battery, it is the more excellent variety of performance in the zinc-manganese battery series, in each battery variety, it has the advantages of large discharge capacity and long service life, generally, the alkaline battery of the same model is 3-7 times of capacity and discharge time of the ordinary battery, the difference between the two low-temperature performance is bigger, the alkaline battery is more suitable for the heavy current continuous discharge and the power utilization occasion that requires high operating voltage, especially suitable for camera, flash light, razor, electronic toy, CD machine, high-power remote controller, wireless mouse, keyboard, etc., have been increasingly and widely used. However, the existing alkaline battery material has the problems of poor discharge performance at high current and medium current, high liquid leakage rate, short service life and the like, and cannot meet the increasing requirements of people.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an alkaline battery which can improve the discharge performance of large current and medium current of the alkaline battery, has the characteristics of low gas generation, slow electrical performance decay, low liquid leakage rate, sufficient discharge in a high-voltage region and long service life.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an alkaline battery comprising an anode material, a cathode material, a separator, and a separator electrolyte for the separator; the anode material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 63-69 parts of zinc powder, 0.3-0.4 part of polyacrylic acid, 0.25-0.35 part of sodium polyacrylate, 0.65-0.75 part of zinc oxide, 26-30 parts of anolyte A and 4-4.5 parts of anolyte B.
The battery adopts the formula, and the surface tension of the electrolyte is changed to greatly reduce the corrosion phenomenon of the zinc of the anode of the battery, so that the characteristics of low gas production, slow electrical property decay, low liquid leakage rate and sufficient discharge in a high-voltage area of the battery are finally achieved.
Further, the anode electrolyte A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 43-48.2 parts of potassium hydroxide, 2.8-3.3 parts of amphoteric metal oxide and 48-54 parts of deionized water.
By adopting the formula, the anode electrolyte can improve the utilization rate of the anode and the normal-temperature storage life of the battery, greatly reduce the leakage rate of the battery, effectively prevent the passivation of the battery anode in the manufacturing and storage processes and simultaneously prevent the concentration polarization phenomenon of the reaction carrier electrolyte of the system.
Further, the amphoteric metal oxide is zinc oxide. The alkaline battery anode surfactant prevents the battery anode from being passivated in the manufacturing and storing processes and simultaneously prevents the concentration polarization phenomenon of the system reaction carrier electrolyte by applying the strong hydrophilicity, the viscosity and the strong dispersibility of the metatitanic acid salt. After the alkaline battery anode surfactant active agent is added, the utilization rate of the anode is high; compared with the anode zinc content of the existing battery, the anode zinc content of the battery is more saved under the same discharge condition; the normal-temperature storage life of the battery can be prolonged, and the leakage rate of the battery can be greatly reduced.
Further, the anode electrolyte B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.2-2.2 parts of active agent and 97.8-98.8 parts of deionized water.
Further, the active agent is an active agent FM-01.
Further, the diaphragm electrolyte comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 33-38 parts of potassium hydroxide and 62-67 parts of deionized water.
Further, the cathode material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-91 parts of manganese dioxide, 6-7.2 parts of graphite, 0.3-0.5 part of binder, 2-3 parts of additive and 2.6-3.0 parts of cathode electrolyte.
Further, the manganese dioxide is electrolytic manganese dioxide. By adopting electrolytic manganese dioxide, the discharge performance of large current and medium current of the alkaline battery can be improved, the utilization rate of the positive electrode is improved, the discharge time of an effective low-voltage area is promoted, and the storage life of the battery is prolonged.
Further, the binder is binder HA1681. Through adopting binder HA1681, can lubricate system ring mould at anodal powder pressure ring in-process, be favorable to the shaping of negative pole ring, reduce the broken risk of ftractureing of negative pole ring.
Further, the additive is barium sulfate. The alkaline battery cathode material can improve the discharge performance of large current and medium current of the alkaline battery, improve the utilization rate of the anode, promote the forming of the cathode ring of the battery, reduce the risk of crushing and cracking of the cathode ring and improve the consistency of the discharge performance of the battery by matching barium sulfate, electrolytic manganese dioxide, graphite powder and sodium hydroxide, and can reduce the cost of the alkaline battery due to the low price of the barium sulfate and the main material of the alkaline battery cathode material.
Furthermore, each part of the cathode electrolyte comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 51-57 parts of potassium hydroxide and 43-49 parts of deionized water. The invention adopts the potassium hydroxide to play an electrolysis role, so that the cathode ring prepared from the cathode material of the alkaline battery can obtain good activity and stable performance.
Furthermore, the alkaline battery also comprises a sealing ring, the sealing ring is made of nylon 610, has low density and water absorption rate, excellent low-temperature performance and good weather resistance, and further improves the performance and the service life of the alkaline battery.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has the advantages of low gas production of the battery, slow electrical property decay, low liquid leakage rate and sufficient discharge in a high-voltage area, and compared with the products in the prior art, the service life of the battery is longer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the gas evolution of the batteries of example 1 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 3 at a high temperature of 80 ℃ for 30 days (comparative graph).
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the leakage resistance of the batteries of example 1 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 3 at a high temperature of 80 ℃ for 45 days.
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the high temperature and high humidity (60 ℃,90% relative humidity) leakage preventing performance of example 1 of the present invention with that of comparative examples 1-3.
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the decay in electrical properties of 3.9 ohms stored at 60 ℃ for example 1 of the present invention and comparative examples 1-2.
Detailed Description
For the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and accompanying fig. 1-3, which are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
An alkaline battery comprising an anode material, a cathode material, a separator, and a separator electrolyte for the separator; the anode material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 66.4 parts of zinc powder, 0.35 part of polyacrylic acid, 0.3 part of sodium polyacrylate, 0.7 part of zinc oxide, 28 parts of anode electrolyte A and 4.25 parts of anode electrolyte B.
Further, the anode electrolyte A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45.6 parts of potassium hydroxide, 3.1 parts of amphoteric metal oxide and 51.3 parts of deionized water.
Further, the amphoteric metal oxide is zinc oxide.
Further, the anode electrolyte B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.7 parts of active agent and 98.3 parts of deionized water.
Further, the active agent is an active agent FM-01.
Further, the diaphragm electrolyte comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35.5 parts of potassium hydroxide and 64.5 parts of deionized water.
Further, the cathode of the alkaline battery comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 88 parts of electrolytic manganese dioxide, 6.6 parts of graphite, 0.4 part of binder, 2.2 parts of additive and 2.8 parts of cathode electrolyte.
Further, the binder is binder HA1681.
Further, the additive is barium sulfate.
Furthermore, each part of the cathode electrolyte comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 54 parts of potassium hydroxide and 46 parts of deionized water.
Further, the alkaline battery also comprises a sealing ring made of nylon 610.
Example 2
In the present embodiment, an alkaline battery includes an anode material, a cathode material, a separator, and a separator electrolyte for the separator; the anode material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 63 parts of zinc powder, 0.3 part of polyacrylic acid, 0.25 part of sodium polyacrylate, 0.65 part of zinc oxide, 26 parts of anolyte A and 4 parts of anolyte B.
Further, the anode electrolyte A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 43 parts of potassium hydroxide, 2.8 parts of amphoteric metal oxide and 48 parts of deionized water.
Further, the anode electrolyte B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.2 parts of active agent and 97.8 parts of deionized water.
Further, the diaphragm electrolyte comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 33 parts of potassium hydroxide and 62 parts of deionized water.
Further, the cathode of the alkaline battery comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 parts of electrolytic manganese dioxide, 6 parts of graphite, 0.3 part of binder, 2 parts of additive and 2.6 parts of cathode electrolyte.
Furthermore, each part of the cathode electrolyte comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 51 parts of potassium hydroxide and 43 parts of deionized water.
The rest of this embodiment is the same as embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
Example 3
In the present embodiment, an alkaline battery includes an anode material, a cathode material, a separator, and a separator electrolyte for the separator; the anode material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 69 parts of zinc powder, 0.4 part of polyacrylic acid, 0.35 part of sodium polyacrylate, 0.75 part of zinc oxide, 30 parts of anolyte A and 4.5 parts of anolyte B.
Further, the anode electrolyte A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 48.2 parts of potassium hydroxide, 3.3 parts of amphoteric metal oxide and 54 parts of deionized water.
Further, the anode electrolyte B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.2 parts of an active agent and 98.8 parts of deionized water.
Further, the diaphragm electrolyte comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 38 parts of potassium hydroxide and 67 parts of deionized water.
Further, the cathode of the alkaline battery comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 91 parts of electrolytic manganese dioxide, 7.2 parts of graphite, 0.5 part of binder, 3 parts of additive and 3.0 parts of cathode electrolyte.
Furthermore, each part of the cathode electrolyte comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 57 parts of potassium hydroxide and 49 parts of deionized water.
The rest of this embodiment is the same as embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
Example 4
In the present embodiment, an alkaline battery includes an anode material, a cathode material, a separator, and a separator electrolyte for the separator; the anode material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of zinc powder, 0.35 part of polyacrylic acid, 0.28 part of sodium polyacrylate, 0.67 part of zinc oxide, 27 parts of anode electrolyte A and 4.2 parts of anode electrolyte B.
Further, the anode electrolyte A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of potassium hydroxide, 2.9 parts of amphoteric metal oxide and 52 parts of deionized water.
Further, the anode electrolyte B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.4 parts of an active agent and 98 parts of deionized water.
Further, the diaphragm electrolyte comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36 parts of potassium hydroxide and 64 parts of deionized water.
Further, the cathode of the alkaline battery comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 87 parts of electrolytic manganese dioxide, 6.5 parts of graphite, 0.32 part of binder, 2.8 parts of additive and 2.7 parts of cathode electrolyte.
Furthermore, each part of the cathode electrolyte comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 54 parts of potassium hydroxide and 47 parts of deionized water.
The rest of this embodiment is the same as embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
Comparative examples 1 to 3
The present invention was compared to comparative examples 1-3, which were the same type of product from the prior art, wherein comparative example 1 was the applicant's prior product. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the gas generation at a high temperature of 80 ℃ for 30 days in example 1 is lower than that in comparative examples 1 to 3. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the high temperature of 80 ℃ for 45 days of example 1 has a lower leakage resistance than that of comparative examples 1 to 3. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the high temperature and high humidity (60 ℃,90% relative humidity) leakage preventing performance of example 1 is superior to that of comparative examples 1 to 3. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the high temperature and high humidity (60 ℃,90% relative humidity) leakage preventing performance of example 1 is superior to that of comparative examples 1 to 3. As can be seen from fig. 4, the 3.9 ohm electrical degradation at 60 ℃ high temperature storage of example 1 is slightly less than that of comparative example 1, but better than that of comparative example 2.
LR6 and LR03 cells were prepared from example 1, respectively, and their performance tests are shown in the following table.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
By adopting the formula, the alkaline battery has lower risk of air leakage, improved high-current discharge performance, high-power discharge performance and constant-resistance continuous discharge high-voltage area, slower attenuation of discharge performance and long service life.
The above-described embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, and the present invention may be implemented in other ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An alkaline battery, characterized in that: the alkaline battery comprises an anode material, a cathode material, a separator and a separator electrolyte for the separator; the anode material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 63-69 parts of zinc powder, 0.3-0.4 part of polyacrylic acid, 0.25-0.35 part of sodium polyacrylate, 0.65-0.75 part of zinc oxide, 26-30 parts of anolyte A and 4-4.5 parts of anolyte B.
2. An alkaline cell as defined in claim 1, wherein: the anode electrolyte A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 43-48.2 parts of potassium hydroxide, 2.8-3.3 parts of amphoteric metal oxide and 48-54 parts of deionized water.
3. An alkaline cell as defined in claim 1, wherein: the amphoteric metal oxide is zinc oxide.
4. An alkaline cell as defined in claim 1, wherein: the anode electrolyte B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.2-2.2 parts of active agent and 97.8-98.8 parts of deionized water.
5. An alkaline cell as defined in claim 4, wherein: the active agent is an active agent FM-01.
6. An alkaline cell as defined in claim 1, wherein: the diaphragm electrolyte comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 33-38 parts of potassium hydroxide and 62-67 parts of deionized water.
7. An alkaline cell as defined in claim 1, wherein: the cathode material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-91 parts of manganese dioxide, 6-7.2 parts of graphite, 0.3-0.5 part of binder, 2-3 parts of additive and 2.6-3.0 parts of cathode electrolyte.
8. An alkaline cell as defined in claim 7, wherein: the additive is barium sulfate.
9. An alkaline cell as defined in claim 7, wherein: the binder is binder HA1681.
10. An alkaline cell as defined in claim 7, wherein: each part of the cathode electrolyte comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 51-57 parts of potassium hydroxide and 43-49 parts of deionized water.
CN202010347508.4A 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 Alkaline battery Pending CN111342037A (en)

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CN202010347508.4A CN111342037A (en) 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 Alkaline battery

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010347508.4A CN111342037A (en) 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 Alkaline battery

Publications (1)

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Country Status (1)

Country Link
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