CN111337100A - Water level measuring method and device based on strip-shaped water level scale - Google Patents
Water level measuring method and device based on strip-shaped water level scale Download PDFInfo
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- CN111337100A CN111337100A CN202010179739.9A CN202010179739A CN111337100A CN 111337100 A CN111337100 A CN 111337100A CN 202010179739 A CN202010179739 A CN 202010179739A CN 111337100 A CN111337100 A CN 111337100A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/04—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by dip members, e.g. dip-sticks
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hydrological information acquisition technology. A water level measuring method based on a strip-shaped water level scale is characterized in that the strip-shaped water level scale is installed or drawn on occasions such as channels and riverways needing water level measurement; installing a laser scanning device at a proper position facing obliquely above the strip-shaped water level scale; scanning the part of the strip-shaped water level scale which is not submerged by the water body by using a laser scanning device; according to the scanning result of the laser scanning device, the length of the part, which is not immersed by the water body, of the water level scale is identified and calculated, and then the water level of the measured water body is calculated according to the length difference between the length of the whole water level scale and the part, which is not immersed, and the zero elevation of the water level scale. A water level measuring device based on a bar-shaped water level scale comprises the bar-shaped water level scale and a bar-shaped water level scale scanning host. The invention indirectly calculates the water level of the measured water body by scanning the length of the part of the strip-shaped water level scale which is not submerged by the water body through the laser, and has simple measuring principle, good identification effect and extremely low error rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hydrological information acquisition technology, in particular to a new method and a device/system for measuring water levels of water bodies such as riverways, channels, reservoirs, lakes and the like.
Background
The water level is the elevation of the free water surface of water bodies such as riverways, channels, reservoirs, lakes and the like above a certain specified base level, is the most basic hydrological information acquisition project, and long-term accumulated water level data is the basic basis of engineering construction planning design of water conservancy and hydropower, flood control and drought resistance, bridges, navigation channels, ports, cities, water supply and drainage and the like, is directly applied to the design of engineering such as dikes and dams, bridges, culverts, highway pavement elevation determination, reservoirs, weir gates, irrigation, waterlogging drainage and the like, and performs hydrological forecasting work according to the water level data, so as to provide timely water condition information for the construction, application, management and the like of flood control and drought resistance, irrigation, shipping and hydraulic engineering. Meanwhile, water level measurement is also an important means for water management in irrigation areas, and channel water level is an important parameter for judging channel working state and channel flow calculation. In addition, the water level provides indirect data for the purpose of deriving other hydrological data. The flow and the change process thereof can be calculated according to the water level record of continuous observation through the water level flow relation, and the water surface ratio drop, the water storage capacity of rivers and lakes and the like can be calculated by utilizing the water level. Water level measurement is very important as the most basic item for acquiring hydrological information.
The existing water level measuring method comprises two modes of manual water gauge measurement and automatic self-recording water level meter measurement.
Manual measurement of a water gauge is the most common and reliable water level measurement method. The method for manually measuring the water gauge comprises the following steps: a water level scale is arranged at a selected place, the reading of the water level scale is directly observed manually at regular time, and the water level scale is the water level by adding the zero point elevation of the water level scale, wherein the water level scale is a necessary basic facility, and the E-shaped water level scale is commonly used in China. The water gauge manual measurement has the following defects: poor efficiency, low precision, time and labor consumption.
With the progress of electronic information and computer technology, the automatic measuring method of the self-recording water level meter has been rapidly developed in recent decades as a high and new technology. The commonly used self-recording water level meters in the current market are as follows: float type water level gauge, pressure type water level gauge, magnetostrictive water level gauge, ultrasonic water level gauge, radar water level gauge, laser water level gauge, electronic water gauge and the like. The working principle of the self-recording water level gauges is to use various physical principles to sense the change of the water level, and various water level gauges have the advantages and disadvantages and applicable occasions and have the problem that the water level is not measured intuitively.
Therefore, in order to overcome the defects of poor efficiency, low precision, time and labor consumption of manual water gauge measurement and better solve the problem that the water level is not directly measured by self-recording water level measurement, a novel water level measurement method which is simple in structure, high in measurement precision, suitable for various occasions and direct is researched and provided, and the novel water level measurement method has extremely high theoretical and actual values.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a water level measuring method and a water level measuring device/system based on a strip-shaped water level scale.
The water level measuring method and device/system based on the strip-shaped water level scale indirectly calculate the water level of the measured water body by scanning the length of the part, which is not submerged by the water body, of the strip-shaped water level scale through laser, the measuring principle is simple, the scanning and identifying effect of the water level scale is good, and the error rate is extremely low.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a water level measuring method based on a strip-shaped water level scale comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of 1) installing or drawing a strip-shaped water level scale meeting the precision requirement on occasions such as channels and river channels needing water level measurement; 2) installing a laser scanning device at a proper position facing obliquely above the strip-shaped water level scale; 3) an information acquisition process: scanning the part of the strip-shaped water level scale which is not submerged by the water body by using a laser scanning device; 4) and (3) data processing flow: and the data processing device identifies and calculates the length of the part, which is not immersed by the water body, of the water level scale according to the scanning result of the laser scanning device, and then calculates the water level of the measured water body according to the length difference between the whole length of the water level scale and the part, which is not immersed, and the zero-point elevation of the water level scale.
According to the water level measuring method based on the strip-shaped water level scale, the scale of the strip-shaped water level scale is divided into two accuracies of 1 centimeter and 1 millimeter; the scale with the precision of 1 cm is marked by color bars with the width of 1 cm, and the length of the red-white phase or the blue-white phase or the black-white phase is equal to the width of the scale; the scale with the precision of 1 mm is marked by color bars with the width of 1 mm, and the length of the red and white phases or the blue and white phases or the black and white phases is equal to the width of the scale.
According to the water level measuring method based on the strip-shaped water level scale, the data processing device identifies the part, which is not submerged by the measured water body, of the strip-shaped water level scale through laser scanning according to the difference of the reflectivity of the water surface and the reflectivity of the strip-shaped water level scale; according to the different reflectivity of the scale scribing strips with different colors of the strip-shaped water level scale, the number of the scribing strips of the part of the strip-shaped water level scale, which is not submerged by the water body, is identified through laser scanning, and then the length of the part of the strip-shaped water level scale, which is not submerged by the water body, can be calculated according to the width of the scale scribing strips.
According to the water level measuring method based on the strip-shaped water level scale, reflected light signals with different intensities are converted into 0 and 1 digital electric signals according to the different intensities of the reflected light signals which are received by the laser scanning device and reflected by the scale engraving strips with different colors of the strip-shaped water level scale, the number of white engraving strips and black engraving strips or red engraving strips or blue engraving strips can be judged by measuring the number of the pulse digital electric signals 0 and 1, and then the length of the part, which is not submerged by the water body, of the strip-shaped water level scale is calculated according to the width of the scale engraving strips.
A water level measuring device/system based on a bar-shaped water level scale comprises the bar-shaped water level scale and a bar-shaped water level scale scanning host, wherein the bar-shaped water level scale is installed or drawn in places such as channels, riverways, reservoirs and the like needing to measure water level; the bar-shaped water level scale scanning host comprises a laser scanning module (2), a main control circuit (3), a wireless transmission module (4) and a power supply module (5), wherein the laser scanning module (2) outputs signals to access the main control circuit (3); the wireless transmission module (4) is in communication connection with the main control circuit board (3).
The water level measuring device/system based on the strip-shaped water level scale is characterized in that a main control circuit consists of a microprocessor, a memory and a peripheral control circuit, the microprocessor is connected with a control circuit and a wireless transmission module, and the control circuit is connected with a laser scanning module; the microprocessor executes the following data processing program: according to the scanning result of the laser scanning device, the length of the part, which is not immersed by the water body, of the water level scale is identified and calculated, and then the water level of the measured water body is calculated according to the length difference between the whole length of the water level scale and the part, which is not immersed, and the zero elevation of the water level scale.
The laser scanning module consists of a laser light source, an optical scanning system, an optical receiving system, a photoelectric converter and a code counter; the laser light source is connected with the optical scanning system, the optical receiving system is connected with the photoelectric converter, and the photoelectric converter is connected with the code counter.
The water level measuring device/system based on the bar-shaped water level scale is characterized in that a laser scanning module (2), a main control circuit (3), a wireless transmission module (4) and a power supply module (5) of a bar-shaped water level scale scanning host are arranged in a rainwater-proof box body, and the laser scanning module is arranged at the front end of the rainwater-proof box body.
Advantageous effects of the invention
1. The invention provides a novel water level measuring technology combining a bar-shaped water level scale and a laser scanning recognition technology for the first time based on the water level measuring method of the bar-shaped water level scale, and can further promote the huge progress and technical innovation of the water level measuring technology. The water level measuring principle is simple, the scanning and identifying effect of the water level scale is good, and the error rate is extremely low.
2. The water level measuring method based on the strip-shaped water level scale has high measuring precision, the scale with the precision of 1 mm can reach the precision of 1 mm when the water level scale is vertically installed, and the precision can be higher when the water level scale is obliquely installed, for example, the water level scale is obliquely installed at 30 degrees, and the precision can reach 0.5 mm.
3. The water level measuring device/system based on the strip-shaped water level scale has the visual characteristic similar to manual observation of the water level scale, and is convenient to calibrate and correct. The scanning host computer is not in direct contact with the measured water body, so that the equipment is not easy to corrode and damage and has long service life.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a water level gauge of 1 cm accuracy according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a water level gauge of 1 mm accuracy according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a scanning host according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below by means of specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that technical features or combinations of technical features described in the following embodiments should not be considered as being isolated, and they may be combined with each other to achieve better technical effects.
Example 1
The invention relates to a water level measuring method based on a strip-shaped water level scale, which comprises the following steps of:
the equipment installation process comprises the following steps: 1) selecting a proper position to install a strip-shaped water level scale meeting the precision requirement on occasions such as a channel and a river channel needing to measure the water level; the strip-shaped water level scale can be vertically installed or installed in a certain inclination angle, can be directly installed on the wall surface of a hydraulic building or the bank slope of river rock, can also be installed on a leaning pile, and can also be directly drawn on the wall surface of the river rock or the hydraulic building for occasions with low precision requirements;
2) installing a laser scanning device at a proper position facing the oblique upper side of the bar-shaped water level scale, connecting the laser scanning device, and arranging a data processing terminal, wherein the data processing terminal can be a bar-shaped water level scale scanning host computer or a portable computer or communication equipment; the laser scanning device can also be in communication connection with a monitoring center in a remote communication mode; the data processing terminal, the bar-shaped water level scale scanning host or the monitoring center are provided with data processing programs;
an information acquisition process: scanning the part of the strip-shaped water level scale, which is not submerged by the water body, by using a laser scanning device to obtain original data containing water level information, and sending the original data to a data processing terminal or a remote monitoring center;
and (3) data processing flow: and the data processing terminal or the remote monitoring center identifies and calculates the length of the part of the water level scale, which is not immersed by the water body, according to the scanning result of the laser scanning device, and then calculates and obtains the water level of the measured water body according to the length difference between the whole length of the water level scale and the part, which is not immersed, and the zero elevation of the water level scale.
The data processing terminal stores the measurement result into the memory and sends the result to the monitoring center through the wireless transmission module.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the scale of the strip-shaped water level scale is divided into two accuracies of 1 centimeter and 1 millimeter; the scale with the precision of 1 cm is marked by color bars with the width of 1 cm, and the length of the red-white phase or the blue-white phase or the black-white phase is equal to the width of the scale; the scale with the precision of 1 mm is marked by color bars with the width of 1 mm, and the length of the red and white phases or the blue and white phases or the black and white phases is equal to the width of the scale. In the figure, the mark A is a red, blue or black scale bar, and the mark B is a white scale bar.
According to the water level measuring method based on the strip-shaped water level scale, the part, which is not submerged by the measured water body, of the strip-shaped water level scale is identified through laser scanning according to the difference of the reflectivity of the water surface and the reflectivity of the strip-shaped water level scale. According to the different reflectivity of the scale scribing strips with different colors of the strip-shaped water level scale, the number of the scribing strips of the part of the strip-shaped water level scale, which is not submerged by the water body, is identified through laser scanning, and then the length of the part of the strip-shaped water level scale, which is not submerged by the water body, can be calculated according to the width of the scale scribing strips.
Example 2
The water level measuring method based on the strip-shaped water level scale of the embodiment is different from the embodiment 1 in that: the data processing flow specifically comprises: according to the difference of the intensity of reflected light signals reflected by the scale engraving strips with different colors of the bar-shaped water level scale, the reflected light signals with different intensities are converted into 0 and 1 digital electric signals by the laser scanning device, the number of white engraving strips and black engraving strips or red engraving strips or blue engraving strips can be judged by measuring the number of the pulse digital electric signals 0 and 1, and then the length of the part, which is not submerged by the water body, of the bar-shaped water level scale is calculated according to the width of the scale engraving strips.
Example 3
This embodiment is water level measuring device/system implementation mode based on bar water level gauge, water level measuring device based on bar water level gauge, including bar water level gauge and bar water level gauge scanning host computer, bar water level gauge, install or draw in places such as channel, river course, reservoir that need measure the water level.
As shown in fig. 3, the bar-shaped water level scale scanning host comprises a laser scanning module 2, a main control circuit 3, a wireless transmission module 4 and a power supply module 5, wherein an output signal of the laser scanning module 2 is connected to the main control circuit 3; the wireless transmission module 4 is in communication connection with the main control circuit 3. The main control circuit is composed of a microprocessor 6, a memory 7 and a control circuit 8. The microprocessor is connected with the control circuit and the wireless transmission module, and the control circuit is connected with the laser scanning module. Laser scanning module 2, master control circuit 3, wireless transmission module 4 and the power module 5 of bar water level scale scanning host computer arrange in a rain- proof water box 1, and 2 pieces of laser scanning module set up in 1 front end of rain-proof water box. The rain-proof box body comprises a door, a lock and a buckle which is conveniently arranged on the upright stanchion; the rain-proof box body can be made of plastics, stainless steel plates or iron plates painted with anti-rust paint.
Fig. 1 shows a strip-shaped water level scale with 1 cm precision, which can be made of wood boards, enamel plates, stainless steel plates, aluminum alloy plates, plastic plates, polymer material plates and the like, and can also be directly made by drawing water scale scales on the wall surface of a river rock bank slope or a hydraulic building, wherein the width of the strip-shaped water level scale is more than 8 cm; the scale marks are marked by color bars with the width of 1 cm and the length of red and white phases or blue and white phases or black and white phases equal to the width of the scale.
FIG. 2 shows a 1 mm precision strip-shaped water level gauge of the present invention, which may be made of wood, enamel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, polymer material, etc., and has a width greater than 8 cm; the scale marks are made of 1 mm wide color bars with the length equal to the width of the scale between red and white or between blue and white or between black and white.
The invention relates to a water level measuring device/system based on a strip-shaped water level scale.A laser scanning module consists of a laser light source, an optical scanning system, an optical receiving system, a photoelectric converter and a code counter; the laser light source is connected with the optical scanning system, the optical receiving system is connected with the photoelectric converter, and the photoelectric converter is connected with the code counter. The angle of the scanning lens of the optical scanning system can be adjusted.
In the water level measuring device/system based on the strip-shaped water level scale, the power supply module is a lithium battery power supply module or a solar battery power supply module; the wireless transmission module can be a GPRS communication module, a satellite communication module, a ZigBee communication module, a WIFI communication module, a 2.4G communication module or a Bluetooth communication module.
The invention relates to a water level measuring method, a water level measuring device and a water level measuring system based on a strip-shaped water level scale, wherein a water level measuring principle (the following data processing program is executed through a microprocessor) comprises the following steps: according to the scanning result of the laser scanning device, the length of the part, which is not immersed by the water body, of the water level scale is identified, the number of the scribing strips of the part, which is not immersed by the water body, of the bar-shaped water level scale is identified based on the different reflectivity of the scribing strips with different colors of the bar-shaped water level scale, the length of the part, which is not immersed by the water body, of the bar-shaped water level scale is calculated according to the width of the scribing strips with different colors, and finally, the water level of the measured water body is calculated according to the length difference between the length of the whole water level scale and the part, the zero elevation.
Specifically, the main control circuit 3 sends a signal to the laser scanning module 2, the laser scanning module 2 sends out a laser to scan the part of the water level scale which is not immersed by the water body after receiving the signal, the laser scanning module receives the reflected light signals reflected by the scale scribing strips with different colors of the bar water level scale, the reflected light signals with different intensities are converted into 0 and 1 digital electric signals, the number of the white scribing strips and the number of the black scribing strips or the red scribing strips or the blue scribing strips can be judged by measuring the number of the pulse digital electric signals 0 and 1, then the length of the part of the bar water level scale which is not immersed by the water body is calculated according to the width of the scale scribing strips, and the water level of the measured water body is calculated according to the length difference between the whole water level scale and the part which is not immersed and the zero point elevation of the water level scale.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention in any way, and any simple modifications, equivalent changes, or replacement by means of ordinary skill in the art can be made on the above embodiment without creative efforts in combination with the prior art, so long as the technical features of the present invention are not departed from the essential characteristics of the present invention, and the present invention is covered in the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A water level measuring method based on a strip-shaped water level scale comprises the following steps:
step s1, process of equipment installation:
(1) installing or drawing a strip-shaped water level scale on occasions such as channels and riverways needing water level measurement;
(2) installing a laser scanning device at a proper position facing the bar-shaped water level scale;
step s2, information acquisition process:
scanning the part of the strip-shaped water level scale which is not submerged by the water body by using a laser scanning device;
step s3, data processing flow:
and the data processing device identifies and calculates the length of the part, which is not immersed by the water body, of the water level scale according to the scanning result of the laser scanning device, and then calculates the water level of the measured water body according to the length difference between the whole length of the water level scale and the part, which is not immersed, and the zero elevation of the water level scale.
2. The water level measuring method based on the bar type water level scale according to claim 1, wherein: the scale of the bar-shaped water level scale is carved by adopting 1 mm resolution; the scale with the resolution of 1 mm is drawn by a color bar with the width of 1 mm, wherein the length of the red and white phase or the blue and white phase or the black and white phase is equal to the width of the scale.
3. The water level measuring method based on the bar type water level scale according to claim 1, wherein: the scale of the strip-shaped water level scale is depicted by adopting 1 cm resolution; the scale with the resolution of 1 cm is drawn by a color bar with the width of 1 cm and the length of red and white phases or blue and white phases or black and white phases being equal to the width of the scale.
4. The method of measuring water level based on the bar type water level gauge according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the data processing device identifies the number of the scale engraving strips of the non-water-submerged part of the bar-shaped water level scale through laser scanning according to the different reflectivity of the scale engraving strips of different colors of the bar-shaped water level scale, and calculates the length of the non-water-submerged part of the bar-shaped water level scale according to the width of the scale engraving strips of the bar-shaped water level scale.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the water level measuring bar comprises: according to the difference of the intensity of reflected light signals reflected by the scale engraving strips with different colors of the bar-shaped water level scale, the reflected light signals with different intensities are converted into 0 and 1 digital electric signals by the laser scanning device, the number of white engraving strips and black engraving strips or red engraving strips or blue engraving strips can be judged by measuring the number of the pulse digital electric signals 0 and 1, and then the length of the part, which is not submerged by the water body, of the bar-shaped water level scale is calculated according to the width of the scale engraving strips.
6. The utility model provides a water level measuring device based on bar water level gauge, includes bar water level gauge and bar water level gauge scanning host computer, its characterized in that: the bar-shaped water level scale scanning host computer, include: the device comprises a laser scanning module (2), a main control circuit (3), a wireless transmission module (4) and a power supply module (5), wherein an output signal of the laser scanning module (2) is connected to the main control circuit (3); the wireless transmission module (4) is in communication connection with the main control circuit (3); the power supply module (5) provides a working power supply for the laser scanning module (2), the main control circuit (3) and the wireless transmission module (4).
7. The water level measuring apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the strip-shaped water level scale is installed or drawn in places such as channels, riverways, reservoirs and the like needing to measure the water level; the scale of the bar-shaped water level scale is drawn by adopting red and white or blue and white or black and white color bars with the length equal to the width of the scale, and the width of the red and white or blue and white color bars is 1 mm or 1 cm.
8. The water level measuring apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: the main control circuit (3) comprises a microprocessor (6), a memory (7) and a peripheral control circuit (8), the microprocessor is connected with the peripheral control circuit and the wireless transmission module, and the peripheral control circuit is connected with the laser scanning module; the microprocessor executes the following data processing program: according to the scanning result of the laser scanning device, the length of the part, which is not immersed by the water body, of the water level scale is identified and calculated, and then the water level of the measured water body is calculated according to the length difference between the whole length of the water level scale and the part, which is not immersed, and the zero elevation of the water level scale.
9. The water level measuring apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: the laser scanning module consists of a laser light source, an optical scanning system, an optical receiving system, a photoelectric converter and a code counter; the laser light source is connected with the optical scanning system, the optical receiving system is connected with the photoelectric converter, and the photoelectric converter is connected with the code counter.
10. The water level measuring apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: bar water level scale scanning host computer include rain-proof water tank body (1), laser scanning module (2), master control circuit (3), wireless transmission module (4) and power module (5) arrange in rain-proof water tank body (1), laser scanning module sets up in rain-proof water tank body front end.
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| CN202010179739.9A CN111337100A (en) | 2020-03-16 | 2020-03-16 | Water level measuring method and device based on strip-shaped water level scale |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111947733A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-17 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Intelligent digital water level scale and use method thereof |
| CN112329644A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-05 | 中冶赛迪重庆信息技术有限公司 | Reservoir water level monitoring method and system, medium and electronic terminal |
| CN112539801A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-23 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | System and method for monitoring water level of surface hole of arch dam based on laser scanning technology |
-
2020
- 2020-03-16 CN CN202010179739.9A patent/CN111337100A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111947733A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-17 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Intelligent digital water level scale and use method thereof |
| CN112329644A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-05 | 中冶赛迪重庆信息技术有限公司 | Reservoir water level monitoring method and system, medium and electronic terminal |
| CN112539801A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-23 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | System and method for monitoring water level of surface hole of arch dam based on laser scanning technology |
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