CN111334820A - Low-cost and high-efficiency Ni-P series hydrogen evolution electrode and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Low-cost and high-efficiency Ni-P series hydrogen evolution electrode and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111334820A
CN111334820A CN202010112241.0A CN202010112241A CN111334820A CN 111334820 A CN111334820 A CN 111334820A CN 202010112241 A CN202010112241 A CN 202010112241A CN 111334820 A CN111334820 A CN 111334820A
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nickel
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王云龙
孙善善
王淼
姜燕
叶书航
冯仁超
杨帆
李科良
陈旭
杨洋
张绍荣
李直澄
尹小丹
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Jiangsu University
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Abstract

The invention provides a low-cost high-efficiency Ni-P series hydrogen evolution electrode and a preparation method thereof. The Ni-P electric deposition layer deposited by the method is amorphous, and can effectively increase the active sites of the reaction of hydrogen evolution; the electrodeposition layer is more uniform, effectively and completely wraps the substrate, and has stable performance and difficult falling off. Meanwhile, the method has the advantages of low requirement on equipment, easily obtained materials, simple process and low cost, and can be used for producing high-efficiency nickel-phosphorus hydrogen evolution electrodes in a large scale.

Description

Low-cost and high-efficiency Ni-P series hydrogen evolution electrode and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of clean energy materials, in particular to an electrode material for hydrogen production, namely a Ni-P series hydrogen evolution electrode and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The consumption of fossil energy and the adverse effect on the ecological environment make the development of new energy become a current research hotspot. The hydrogen is regarded as the most ideal secondary new energy with higher energy density, reproducibility and cleanness, and the electrolysis of water for hydrogen evolution is regarded as a promising hydrogen production method with mature technology, simple process and no pollution, but the high energy consumption in the hydrogen production process needs a high-efficiency catalyst. Platinum-based metals are the most accepted catalytic hydrogen evolution materials, but their high price and scarce resources limit industrial applications. In order to better promote the development of hydrogen economy, it is imperative to design non-noble metal catalysts that can replace platinum with high catalytic performance at low cost.
In recent years, Transition Metal Phosphides (TMPs) have been widely used for preparing catalysts for hydrogen evolution by electrolysis at low cost, in a rich content, excellent catalytic performance and high stability. At present, the research of nickel phosphide as a novel catalytic hydrogen evolution material receives extensive attention in the field of electrocatalysis research. The valence of Ni and P is variable, and the nickel phosphide has different stoichiometric ratios and lattice structures of Ni and P, such as Ni2P,Ni5P4,Ni12P5,NiP2The stoichiometry of Ni and P formed by electrodeposition of Ni-P alloy in different Ni-P proportioning solutions is not necessarily the same, and the catalytic hydrogen evolution effect is not necessarily the same.
At present, scientists have tried various preparation methods to obtain hydrogen evolution materials with excellent performance, such as metal organic precursor decomposition method, solvothermal method, solid-phase reaction method, electrochemical deposition method, etc., so as to realize the industrial application of hydrogen production by electrolyzing water. The electrochemical deposition method has the advantages of low equipment requirement, easily controlled technological parameters, simple operation, low cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a low-cost high-stability high-efficiency Ni-P series hydrogen evolution electrode, which replaces a noble metal hydrogen evolution catalyst with a transition metal nickel phosphorus compound with rich content and low cost, improves the catalytic performance of the electrode, reduces the hydrogen evolution overpotential, improves the efficiency of converting electric energy into hydrogen energy, and reduces the energy consumption. Meanwhile, the prepared Ni-P series hydrogen evolution electrode also has good long-term stability.
A method for preparing a Ni-P series hydrogen evolution electrode is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) carrying out oil removal, decontamination and oxide removal cleaning pretreatment on the foamed nickel;
(2) preparing a basic deposition solution by using divalent nickel salt and sodium hypophosphite, wherein the concentration of the divalent nickel salt in the basic deposition solution is 0.18-0.22 mol/L, and the molar ratio of the divalent nickel salt to the sodium hypophosphite is 2: 1-1: 8;
(3) improving the electrodeposition liquid: adding a complexing agent and a stabilizing agent into the basic deposition solution;
(4) electrochemical deposition: and (4) taking the electrodeposition solution obtained in the step (3) as an electrolyte, and taking a foamed nickel, a platinum mesh and a saturated calomel electrode as a working electrode, an auxiliary electrode and a reference electrode respectively for electrochemical deposition.
Further, the divalent nickel salt is nickel sulfate hexahydrate (NiSO)4·6H2O) or nickel chloride hexahydrate (NiCl)2·6H2O); the hypophosphite ion is NaH2PO2·H2O。
Furthermore, the complexing agent is sodium citrate, and the concentration of the sodium citrate in the added sediment liquid is 0.045-0.055 mol/L.
Further, the complexing agent is sodium citrate, and the concentration of the sodium citrate in the added deposition solution is 0.05 mol/L.
Further, the stabilizing agent is boric acid, and the concentration of the boric acid in the sediment liquid after the stabilizing agent is added is 0.38-0.42 mol/L.
Further, the stabilizing agent is boric acid, and the concentration of the boric acid in the sediment liquid after the stabilizing agent is added is 0.4 mol/L.
Further, the concentration of divalent nickel salt in the base deposition solution is 0.2mol/L, the molar ratio of divalent nickel salt to sodium hypophosphite is 1:4, and the concentration of sodium hypophosphite is 0.8 mol/L.
Further, the electrochemical deposition in the step (4) is the electrodeposition carried out by adopting an alternating current power supply, the scanning potential interval is-0.3 to-1.15V (vs. SCE), the number of scanning circles is 60 to 100 circles, and the scanning speed is 0.05 to 0.1V/s.
The Ni-P series hydrogen evolution electrode prepared by the preparation method of the Ni-P series hydrogen evolution electrode is characterized in that foam nickel is used as a substrate, a layer of amorphous nickel-phosphorus compound is deposited on the substrate, and the three-dimensional substrate of the foam nickel is wrapped by the nickel-phosphorus compound.
According to the invention, the foamed nickel is used as a substrate to increase the area of hydrogen evolution catalytic reaction, and a layer of nickel-phosphorus compound is deposited on the substrate, so that the hydrogen evolution catalytic performance can be effectively improved, and the overpotential can be reduced; the quality of the deposited layer on the surface of the foamed nickel is improved by adding a complexing agent sodium citrate and a stabilizing agent boric acid into the depositing liquid. The prepared Ni-P-PT/NF electrode is in a three-dimensional porous structure, and the nickel-phosphorus compound of the electrodeposition layer is in an amorphous state and tightly wraps the foamed nickel three-dimensional matrix. Meanwhile, the electro-deposition layer obtained by adopting alternating current is amorphous, and the number of active sites is obviously increased. Meanwhile, when the current is 10mA under the alkaline condition, the hydrogen evolution overpotential is 88mV, and the Tafel slope is 81.6 mV/dec. In addition, good long-term stability is also exhibited. In addition, the material adopted by the invention is easy to obtain, has low cost, low equipment requirement and simple process, and is suitable for large-scale production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows overpotential performance of electrodes prepared from basic electrodeposition solutions with different Ni and P ratios, wherein a is hydrogen evolution overpotential curve with different Ni and P ratios (2:1,1:1,1: 2; 1:4,1:8), and b is current density of 10mA/cm2And 20mA/cm2Hydrogen evolution overpotential;
FIG. 2 is the overpotential performance of electrodes prepared by adding sodium citrate and different amounts of boric acid to the basic electrodeposition solution, wherein a is hydrogen evolution overpotential curve of different boric acid addition amounts (0.1mol/L, 0.2mol/L, 0.4mol/L, 0.6mol/L, 0.8mol/L), and b is the overpotential curve of different boric acid addition amounts at current density of 10mA/cm2And 20mA/cm2Hydrogen evolution overpotential;
FIG. 3 is an X-ray crystallography of Nickel Foam (NF) and a three-dimensional Ni-P-PT/NF electrode made in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an SEM image of samples prepared after electrochemical deposition of nickel foam and a base and improved electrodepositing solution on nickel foam;
FIG. 5 is a comparison of performance test overpotentials and Tafel slopes for samples prepared after electrochemical deposition of foam nickel and base and improved bath on foam nickel;
FIG. 6 is a stability test and impedance plot of a three-dimensional Ni-P-PT/NF electrode preparation sample prepared according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
The Ni-P based hydrogen evolution electrode was prepared according to the following steps:
(1) pretreating a foamed nickel matrix: successively in 1mol/LH2SO4Ultrasonic cleaning in acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water for 10 minutes.
(2) Preparing base liquid of divalent nickel ions and hypophosphite ions in different proportions: nickel sulfate hexahydrate (NiSO)4·6H2O) is 0.2mol/L, and then five parts are used as a control test, and sodium hypophosphite (NaH) is respectively added2PO2·H2O) is 0.1mol/L, 0.2mol/L, 0.4mol/L, 0.8mol/L and 1.6mol/L, wherein the concentration ratio of nickel sulfate hexahydrate to sodium hypophosphite is about Ni/P to 2:1,1: 2, 1:4 and 1:8 respectively.
Performing electrochemical deposition electrodeposition on the foamed nickel by using the basic deposition solution prepared in the step (2), namely performing electrodeposition by using an alternating current power supply and a Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) under a standard three-electrode system by using an electrochemical workstation (CHI760e), wherein the electrodeposition is performed by using the basic deposition solution with the length of 1 × 2cm2The foamed nickel, the platinum net and the saturated calomel electrode are respectively used as a working electrode, an auxiliary electrode and a reference electrode. The scanning potential interval is-0.3 to-1.15V (vs. SCE), the number of scanning turns is 80 turns, and the scanning speed is 0.05V/s.
LSV testing of the Ni-P series hydrogen evolution electrode prepared in this example: the reaction was carried out in a 1mol/L KOH solution using a standard three-electrode system at an electrochemical workstation (CHI760 e): the prepared Ni-P series hydrogen evolution electrode, the platinum net and the saturated calomel electrode are respectively used as a working electrode, an auxiliary electrode and a reference electrode. The hydrogen evolution activity was tested by scanning at a potential of 0 to-0.4V (vs. rhe) using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV for short) at a scan rate of 0.005V/s.
The LSV test is shown in fig. 1, and it can be seen from the graphs a and b in fig. 1 that the hydrogen evolution overpotential reaches the lowest point when the ratio Ni/P is 1: 4.
(3) Optimizing the electrodeposition solution: sodium citrate is added into the basic deposition solution with the ratio of Ni to P being 1:4, so that the concentration of the sodium citrate in the deposition solution is 0.05 mol/L. Then, as a control test, five portions were used, and different amounts of boric acid were added so that the concentrations of boric acid in the deposition solution were 0.1mol/L, 0.2mol/L, 0.4mol/L, 0.6mol/L, and 0.8mol/L, respectively.
(4) Preparing a hydrogen evolution electrode by electrodepositing the improved electrodeposition solution prepared in the step (3) on foamed nickel: and performing electrochemical deposition by adopting a cyclic voltammetry method and taking alternating current as a power supply and taking a foamed nickel electrode, a platinum mesh electrode and a saturated calomel electrode as a working electrode, an auxiliary electrode and a reference electrode respectively to obtain the three-dimensional Ni-P-PT/NF electrode.
And (4) carrying out LSV test on the three-dimensional Ni-P-PT/NF electrode of the hydrogen evolution electrode prepared in the step (4). The overpotential performance test is shown in FIG. 5, wherein the performance is best when the addition amount of boric acid is 0.4 mol/L.
Other test results and analyses were performed on electrodes made with the optimal addition levels as follows:
XRD testing is shown in figure 3: the XRD peak positions of the samples prepared by the nickel foam and the improved electrodeposition solution after electrochemical deposition on the nickel foam are not changed, thereby indicating that the nickel-phosphorus compound electrodeposited on the nickel foam is in an amorphous state.
SEM images of samples prepared after electrochemical deposition of the foamed nickel and the base deposition solution, the improved electrodeposition solution on the foamed nickel are shown in fig. 4: a and d are SEM images of nickel foam at 200 and 800 times, b and e are SEM images of samples prepared after electrochemical deposition of the optimal base solution on nickel foam at 200 and 800 times, and c and f are SEM images of samples prepared after electrochemical deposition of the improved electrodeposition solution on nickel foam at 200 and 800 times. By comparing the three groups of graphs, the surface of the foam nickel base is relatively smooth, if the optimal basis is not added with a complexing agent and a stabilizing agent to improve the prepared electrode film, a plurality of cracks appear, the cracks are one by one, and the falling tendency is very obvious; after the improvement of the deposition liquid, the film can tightly wrap the three-dimensional matrix, and the number of cracks is greatly reduced.
Stability and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) are shown in fig. 6: as can be seen from the left graph of FIG. 6, the curve obtained after the electrode prepared by the improved electrodeposition solution is cycled for 1000 cycles and the original measured curve is basically a curve, which proves that the stability of the electrode is good and the hydrogen evolution performance of the electrode is reliable after long-term use. The right graph of fig. 6 shows that the impedance of the improved electrodeposited liquid electrode is significantly reduced based on the nickel foam.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation method of a low-cost and high-efficiency Ni-P series hydrogen evolution electrode is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) carrying out oil removal, decontamination and oxide removal cleaning pretreatment on the foamed nickel;
(2) preparing a basic deposition solution by using divalent nickel salt and sodium hypophosphite, wherein the concentration of the divalent nickel salt in the basic deposition solution is 0.18-0.22 mol/L, and the molar ratio of the divalent nickel salt to the sodium hypophosphite is Ni/P (1): 4;
(3) improving the electrodeposition liquid: adding a complexing agent and a stabilizing agent into the basic deposition solution;
(4) electrochemical deposition: and (4) taking the electrodeposition solution obtained in the step (3) as an electrolyte, and taking a foamed nickel, a platinum mesh and a saturated calomel electrode as a working electrode, an auxiliary electrode and a reference electrode respectively for electrochemical deposition.
2. The method for producing an Ni-P-based hydrogen evolution electrode according to claim 1, wherein the divalent nickel salt is nickel sulfate hexahydrate (NiSO)4·6H2O) or nickel chloride hexahydrate (NiCl)2·6H2O); the hypophosphite ion is NaH2PO2·H2O。
3. The method for preparing a Ni-P based hydrogen evolution electrode according to claim 1, wherein the complexing agent is sodium citrate, and the concentration of the sodium citrate in the deposition solution after the addition is 0.045mol/L to 0.055 mol/L.
4. The method for preparing a Ni-P based hydrogen evolution electrode according to claim 1, wherein the complexing agent is sodium citrate, and the concentration of sodium citrate in the deposition solution after the addition is 0.05 mol/L.
5. The method of producing a Ni — P-based hydrogen evolution electrode according to claim 1, wherein the stabilizer is boric acid, and the concentration of boric acid in the deposition solution after the addition is 0.38mol/L to 0.42 mol/L.
6. The method for producing a Ni-P-based hydrogen evolution electrode according to claim 1, wherein the stabilizer is boric acid (HBO)3) And the concentration of the boric acid in the sediment liquid after the addition is 0.4 mol/L.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the divalent nickel salt in the base deposition solution is 0.2mol/L, the molar ratio of the divalent nickel salt to sodium hypophosphite is 1:4, and the concentration of the sodium hypophosphite is 0.8 mol/L.
8. The method for preparing a Ni-P based hydrogen evolution electrode according to claim 1, wherein the electrochemical deposition in the step (4) is an electrodeposition using an AC power source, the scanning potential interval is-0.3 to-1.15V (vs. SCE), the number of scanning cycles is 60 to 100 cycles, and the scanning rate is 0.05 to 0.1V/s.
9. The Ni-P series hydrogen evolution electrode prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a foamed nickel is used as a substrate, and an amorphous nickel-phosphorus compound is deposited on the substrate, and the nickel-phosphorus compound surrounds the foamed nickel three-dimensional substrate.
CN202010112241.0A 2020-02-24 2020-02-24 Low-cost and high-efficiency Ni-P series hydrogen evolution electrode and preparation method thereof Pending CN111334820A (en)

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CN114525534A (en) * 2020-11-20 2022-05-24 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Active electrolytic water electrode and preparation method and application thereof
CN114835314A (en) * 2022-05-17 2022-08-02 哈尔滨工业大学 Method for recovering nickel from chemical nickel plating waste liquid
CN115522221A (en) * 2022-09-13 2022-12-27 重庆大学 CoP @ Co composite catalyst product and preparation and application thereof
CN116046857A (en) * 2021-10-28 2023-05-02 苏州苏大维格科技集团股份有限公司 Metal net and preparation method and application thereof

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114525534A (en) * 2020-11-20 2022-05-24 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Active electrolytic water electrode and preparation method and application thereof
CN112626552A (en) * 2021-01-07 2021-04-09 兰州大学 Method for electrodepositing Ni-Fe-Sn-P alloy on surface of foamed nickel
CN112626552B (en) * 2021-01-07 2023-05-30 兰州大学 Method for electrodepositing Ni-Fe-Sn-P alloy on surface of foam nickel
CN116046857A (en) * 2021-10-28 2023-05-02 苏州苏大维格科技集团股份有限公司 Metal net and preparation method and application thereof
CN114835314A (en) * 2022-05-17 2022-08-02 哈尔滨工业大学 Method for recovering nickel from chemical nickel plating waste liquid
CN114835314B (en) * 2022-05-17 2023-09-01 哈尔滨工业大学 Method for recycling nickel from chemical nickel plating waste liquid
CN115522221A (en) * 2022-09-13 2022-12-27 重庆大学 CoP @ Co composite catalyst product and preparation and application thereof
CN115522221B (en) * 2022-09-13 2023-10-10 重庆大学 CoP@Co composite catalyst product and preparation and application thereof

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