CN111331269A - Welding method of Macpherson auxiliary frame - Google Patents
Welding method of Macpherson auxiliary frame Download PDFInfo
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- CN111331269A CN111331269A CN201911403853.9A CN201911403853A CN111331269A CN 111331269 A CN111331269 A CN 111331269A CN 201911403853 A CN201911403853 A CN 201911403853A CN 111331269 A CN111331269 A CN 111331269A
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- longitudinal beam
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/006—Vehicles
Abstract
The invention relates to a welding method of a Macpherson auxiliary frame, which comprises the following steps: establishing a main positioning reference system based on a main welding tool; welding the front cross beam, the rear cross beam, the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam to form a long square auxiliary frame main body through a main positioning reference system and a main welding tool; establishing a local positioning reference system based on a local welding tool; the auxiliary frame main body is fixed on the local welding tool, and the bushing brackets of the second bushings are welded on the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam respectively based on the local positioning reference system. Compared with the prior art, the steering response method has the advantages of compact beat, reasonable process, simple implementation, low cost input and the like, and the steering response is rapid, controllable and accurate through reasonable conversion of a reference system and reasonable process arrangement; the steering performance is greatly improved; the control and the stability of the whole vehicle are improved; meanwhile, special machining equipment is omitted, the production cost of parts is reduced, and the automobile body can be suitable for manufacturing various middle and low-end automobiles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile manufacturing, in particular to a welding method of a Macpherson auxiliary frame.
Background
The macpherson subframe is an important part of the safety structure of the vehicle, and the driving controllability and comfort of the vehicle are always related to the suspension system in the chassis structure, while the simplicity and complexity of the subframe structure directly determine the manufacturing cost of the vehicle. The MacPherson auxiliary frame has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and good comfort, and can be widely applied to the market. In the MacPherson auxiliary frame, the control bush of the front lower swing arm is a structure for connecting the front lower swing arm and the longitudinal beam, and the hard point position of the control bush and the height difference of a steering device mounting plane (the left and right inner ball head axes of a steering pull rod) directly influence the steering response and the steering performance of the whole vehicle.
In the existing welding method of the Macpherson auxiliary frame, the most commonly adopted method is as follows: and (3) welding all the cross beam and longitudinal beam structures into a main body by adopting a main welding reference system and a main welding tool, and then continuously welding the swing arm support based on the same welding reference and the same tool. However, this method has the following problems:
for example, for a Macpherson subframe for a certain model of vehicle, the theoretical calculated understeer gradient for the design is 5.2 deg/m. As shown in fig. 9 and 10, when the conventional welding method is adopted for welding, the hard point position degree of the control bush is 3.0mm relative to the reference of the subframe; the surface profile of the mounting plane of the steering gear is 3.0mm relative to the reference of the auxiliary frame; thus, the dimension chain calculates the default position degree of both to be 6.0mm, which is seen to have a larger tolerance range. The actual understeer gradient range is extended to 2.1deg/m to 8.2deg/m (-59.6% to + 57.7%) as the limit tolerance is calculated from the dimensional chain. Through experiments, the understeer gradient range not only easily causes the steering response fluctuation to be too large, but also more seriously influences the understeer performance of the vehicle, and even possibly becomes oversteer, and is a great contraindication for the design of the vehicle performance.
The existing solution is to add a step of 'punching after welding' or 'machining after welding' to control the position of the hard point of the control bush and the position degree of the mounting plane of the steering gear. However, the method needs a set of special tooling and equipment, has huge cost investment and low production efficiency, can be realized only in the processing of some high-end vehicles, and cannot be applied to the manufacturing of most middle-end and low-end automobiles.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and to provide a welding method for a macpherson subframe, which is simple and low-cost to implement, and can effectively control the welding tolerance between the hard spot position of the steering bush and the mounting plane of the steering gear, thereby improving the steering response and the steering performance of the vehicle.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a welding method of a Macpherson type auxiliary frame is characterized in that the Macpherson type front suspension comprises the auxiliary frame, a steering gear and two front lower swing arms, wherein the auxiliary frame comprises a front cross beam, a rear cross beam, a left longitudinal beam and a right longitudinal beam; the welding method comprises the following steps of:
s1, respectively welding and forming the front cross beam, the rear cross beam, the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam;
s2, establishing a main positioning reference system based on a main welding tool;
s3, welding the front cross beam, the rear cross beam, the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam to form a long square auxiliary frame main body through a main positioning reference system and a main welding tool;
s4, establishing a local positioning reference system based on a local welding tool;
and S5, fixing the auxiliary frame main body on a local welding tool, and respectively welding the bushing brackets of the second bushings on the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam based on a local positioning reference system.
Furthermore, the main positioning reference system and the local positioning reference system are established by a one-side two-pin positioning method.
Further, the step S4 specifically includes:
b1, adopting the top planes of a plurality of threaded sleeves, namely the steering gear mounting plane, as a main datum plane J, selecting the top surface of one sleeve at the rear end part of the left longitudinal beam or the right longitudinal beam as an auxiliary datum plane D, and forming a J-D associated datum plane by the main datum plane J and the auxiliary datum plane D as a positioning plane of the local welding tool;
b2, taking a round hole on the front cross beam as a cylindrical pin positioning reference B; a waist-shaped hole on the front cross beam is used as a reference C of the diamond pin; the cylindrical pin positioning reference B and the diamond pin reference C are matched with two positioning pins of the local welding tool.
Further, when a bush support on the left longitudinal beam is welded, the top surface of a sleeve at the end part of the right longitudinal beam is selected as an auxiliary reference surface D; when welding the bush bracket on the right longitudinal beam, the top surface of a sleeve at the end part of the left longitudinal beam is selected as an auxiliary reference surface D.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes:
a1, two sleeves at two ends of a front cross beam and one sleeve at the rear end of a left longitudinal beam or a right longitudinal beam are used, the top planes of the three sleeves are used as a main reference plane A, the top surface of one sleeve at the rear end of the right longitudinal beam or the left longitudinal beam is selected as an auxiliary reference plane D, and an A-D related reference plane consisting of the main reference plane A and the auxiliary reference plane D is used as a positioning plane of a main welding tool;
a2, taking a round hole on the front cross beam as a cylindrical pin positioning reference B; a waist-shaped hole on the front cross beam is used as a reference C of the diamond pin; the cylindrical pin positioning reference B and the diamond pin reference C are matched with two positioning pins of the main welding tool.
Further, if the main reference plane a is based on a sleeve of the left stringer end, the auxiliary reference plane D is based on a sleeve of the right stringer end; if the main reference plane A is based on a sleeve at the end of the right longitudinal beam, the auxiliary reference plane D is based on a sleeve at the end of the left longitudinal beam.
Further, the position degree of the bush bracket of the second bush relative to the steering gear mounting plane is less than or equal to 2.5 mm.
Furthermore, at least three threaded sleeves are arranged in the rear cross beam.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, a local positioning reference system between the second bushing and the mounting plane of the steering gear is established, and then the hard point position of the control bushing and the position degree of the mounting plane of the steering gear are controlled through local positioning reference and a local welding tool. The reason for this is that in the macpherson subframe, the second bush is very close to the mounting hard point of the steering gear, the welding deformation is very small, and the accuracy control is easy, so that the effect similar to the special machining can be achieved.
In addition, the steering control method has the advantages of compact beat, reasonable process, simple implementation, low cost investment and the like, and the steering performance is greatly enhanced, improved, accurate and controllable through a reasonable conversion reference system and reasonable process arrangement; meanwhile, the processing cost is reduced, the capital and related processes such as special equipment and special fields which need a large amount of additional investment are avoided, and the method can be suitable for manufacturing various middle and low-end automobiles.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the McPherson subframe structure.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the McPherson subframe with the front lower swing arm removed
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating step S1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating step S2.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating step S3.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating step S4.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of N-N in fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating step S5.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a reference system in a conventional welding method.
Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of M-M in fig. 9.
Reference numerals: 1. the steering device comprises a front cross beam, a rear cross beam, a left longitudinal beam, a right longitudinal beam, a steering gear, a front lower swing arm, a first bushing, a front lower swing arm, a second bushing, a front lower swing arm, a threaded sleeve.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The embodiment provides a welding method of a Macpherson subframe.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the macpherson subframe comprises a front cross member 1, a rear cross member 2, a left side member 3 and a right side member 4, and the front suspension assembly comprises the subframe, a steering gear 5 and two front underslung arms 6.
Each front lower swing arm 6 is connected with the left longitudinal beam 3 or the right longitudinal beam 4 through a first bushing 7 and a second bushing 8, and the second bushing 8 is a control bushing. Specifically, a bush bracket 12 of a tailor welded connection is provided on the left side member 3 and the right side member 4, the second bush 8 is connected to the bush bracket 12, and the first bush 7 is directly connected to the side members. The first bush 7 is located close to the front cross member 1 and the second bush 8 is located close to the rear cross member 2. The rear ends of the left longitudinal beam 3 and the right longitudinal beam 4 are provided with sleeves for connecting the vehicle body, and the front ends of the left longitudinal beam 3 and the right longitudinal beam 4 are all welded and connected with the front cross beam 1. Sleeves for connecting the vehicle body are also arranged at two ends of the front cross beam 1.
The two ends of the rear cross beam 2 are respectively welded with a left longitudinal beam 3 and a right longitudinal beam 4. A plurality of threaded bushings 9 are embedded in the rear cross member 2, and the steering gear 5 is mounted on the rear cross member 2 by bolting the threaded bushings 9. The number of threaded sleeves 9 is typically at least three, and in this embodiment three threaded sleeves 9 are used. A round hole 10 and a waist-shaped hole 11 are arranged on the front cross beam 1 as positioning holes.
The positioning reference system in this embodiment is established by a one-sided two-pin positioning method. The welding method specifically comprises the following steps:
in step S1, as shown in fig. 3, the front cross member 1, the rear cross member 2, the left side member 3, and the right side member 4 are respectively formed by welding.
Step S2, as shown in fig. 4, a main positioning reference system based on the main welding tool is established. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step A1, passing through two sleeves at two ends of the front cross beam 1 and one sleeve at the end part of the left longitudinal beam 3 or the right longitudinal beam 4, wherein the top planes of the three sleeves are used as a main reference plane A, and the three reference elements are A1, A2 and A3 respectively. The top surface of a sleeve at the end of the right longitudinal beam 4 or the left longitudinal beam 3 is selected as an auxiliary reference surface D. The main reference plane A and the auxiliary reference plane D form an A-D associated reference plane as a positioning plane of the main welding tool; if the main reference plane a is based on a sleeve at the end of the left stringer 3, the auxiliary reference plane D is based on a sleeve at the end of the right stringer 4; if the main reference plane a is based on one of the sleeves at the end of the right stringer 4, the auxiliary reference plane D is based on one of the sleeves at the end of the left stringer 3.
And step A2, taking the round hole 10 on the front cross beam 1 as a cylindrical pin positioning reference B. A waist-shaped hole 11 on the front cross beam 1 is used as a reference C of the diamond pin; the cylindrical pin positioning reference B and the diamond pin reference C are matched with two positioning pins of the main welding tool.
Step S3, as shown in fig. 5, welds the front cross member 1, the rear cross member 2, the left side member 3, and the right side member 4 to form a rectangular subframe body by using the main positioning reference system and the main welding tool.
And S4, as shown in FIGS. 6-8, establishing a local positioning reference system based on a local welding tool. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step B1, adopting the top planes of a plurality of threaded sleeves 9, namely the steering gear mounting planes, as a main reference plane J, and selecting the top surface of one sleeve at the end part of the left longitudinal beam 3 or the right longitudinal beam 4 as an auxiliary reference plane D; the main datum plane J and the auxiliary datum plane D form a J-D associated datum plane which is used as a positioning plane of the local welding tool; when the bush bracket 12 on the left longitudinal beam 3 is welded, the top surface of a sleeve at the end part of the right longitudinal beam 4 is selected as an auxiliary reference surface D; when welding the bush brackets 12 on the right side member 4, the top surface of one of the sleeves at the end of the left side member 3 is selected as the auxiliary reference surface D.
And step B2, matching the cylindrical pin positioning reference B and the diamond pin reference C with two positioning pins of the local welding tool along the cylindrical pin positioning reference B and the diamond pin reference C of the main positioning reference system.
Step S5 is to fix the subframe main body to the local welding tool, and weld the bushing brackets 12 of the second bushing 8 to the left side member 3 and the right side member 4, respectively, based on the local alignment reference system, so that the positional degree of the bushing brackets 12 of the second bushing 8 with respect to the mounting plane of the steering 5 is 2.5mm or less, as shown in fig. 2. Specifically, in the coordinates of the local welding tool, according to a newly established local positioning reference system, the theoretical size of the hole axis of the bushing bracket 12 is measured, and the processing and positioning of the positioning pin of the bushing bracket 12 in the local welding tool are completed; positioning and pressing an auxiliary frame on a local welding tool; and then the bush support 12 is positioned and fixed by the positioning pin thereof, and the tailor welding of the bush support 12 and the sub-frame body is completed.
By using the welding method of the embodiment, the bushing bracket 12 is very close to the installation hard point of the steering gear 5, the welding deformation is small, the precision control is easy, the position degree can be controlled to about 2.5mm generally, and the effect similar to special machining can be achieved. The cost of the method is only about 20% of the cost of 'punching after welding' or 'machining after welding' added after welding in the traditional method, and the method is suitable for manufacturing various middle and low-end automobiles.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A welding method of a Macpherson type auxiliary frame is characterized in that the Macpherson type front suspension comprises the auxiliary frame, a steering gear and two front lower swing arms, wherein the auxiliary frame comprises a front cross beam, a rear cross beam, a left longitudinal beam and a right longitudinal beam; the welding method is characterized in that the welding method comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively welding and forming the front cross beam, the rear cross beam, the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam;
s2, establishing a main positioning reference system based on a main welding tool;
s3, welding the front cross beam, the rear cross beam, the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam to form a long square auxiliary frame main body through a main positioning reference system and a main welding tool;
s4, establishing a local positioning reference system based on a local welding tool;
and S5, fixing the auxiliary frame main body on a local welding tool, and respectively welding the bushing brackets of the second bushings on the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam based on a local positioning reference system.
2. The welding method of the McPherson subframe as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main positioning reference system and the local positioning reference system are established by a one-plane two-pin positioning method.
3. The method for welding the macpherson subframe according to claim 2, wherein the step S4 specifically includes:
b1, adopting the top planes of a plurality of threaded sleeves, namely the steering gear mounting plane, as a main datum plane J, selecting the top surface of one sleeve at the end part of the left longitudinal beam or the right longitudinal beam as an auxiliary datum plane D, and forming a J-D associated datum plane by the main datum plane J and the auxiliary datum plane D as a positioning plane of the local welding tool;
b2, taking a round hole on the front cross beam as a cylindrical pin positioning reference B; a waist-shaped hole on the front cross beam is used as a reference C of the diamond pin; the cylindrical pin positioning reference B and the diamond pin reference C are matched with two positioning pins of the local welding tool.
4. The welding method of the McPherson subframe as claimed in claim 2, wherein when the bush bracket on the left longitudinal beam is welded, the top surface of a sleeve at the end part of the right longitudinal beam is selected as an auxiliary reference surface D; when welding the bush bracket on the right longitudinal beam, the top surface of a sleeve at the end part of the left longitudinal beam is selected as an auxiliary reference surface D.
5. The method for welding the macpherson subframe according to claim 2, wherein the step S2 specifically includes:
a1, two sleeves at two ends of a front cross beam and one sleeve at the end part of a left longitudinal beam or a right longitudinal beam are used, the top planes of the three sleeves are used as a main reference plane A, the top surface of one sleeve at the end part of the right longitudinal beam or the left longitudinal beam is selected as an auxiliary reference plane D, and an A-D associated reference plane consisting of the main reference plane A and the auxiliary reference plane D is used as a positioning plane of a main welding tool;
a2, taking a round hole on the front cross beam as a cylindrical pin positioning reference B; a waist-shaped hole on the front cross beam is used as a reference C of the diamond pin; the cylindrical pin positioning reference B and the diamond pin reference C are matched with two positioning pins of the main welding tool.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein if the main datum plane A is based on a bushing at the end of the left side rail, the auxiliary datum plane D is based on a bushing at the end of the right side rail; if the main reference plane A is based on a sleeve at the end of the right longitudinal beam, the auxiliary reference plane D is based on a sleeve at the end of the left longitudinal beam.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein a bushing bracket of the second bushing is positioned at a distance of 2.5mm or less relative to a steering gear mounting plane.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein at least three threaded bushings are disposed within the rear cross member.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911403853.9A CN111331269A (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Welding method of Macpherson auxiliary frame |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911403853.9A CN111331269A (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Welding method of Macpherson auxiliary frame |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111331269A true CN111331269A (en) | 2020-06-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911403853.9A Pending CN111331269A (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Welding method of Macpherson auxiliary frame |
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|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111331269A (en) |
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2019
- 2019-12-30 CN CN201911403853.9A patent/CN111331269A/en active Pending
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