CN111331158A - Internal cooling dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric main shaft of high-speed mandrel - Google Patents
Internal cooling dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric main shaft of high-speed mandrel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111331158A CN111331158A CN202010135528.5A CN202010135528A CN111331158A CN 111331158 A CN111331158 A CN 111331158A CN 202010135528 A CN202010135528 A CN 202010135528A CN 111331158 A CN111331158 A CN 111331158A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/04—Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B45/00—Means for securing grinding wheels on rotary arbors
- B24B45/003—Accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/35—Accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/003—Couplings; Details of shafts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a high-speed spindle inner-cooling dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric spindle which is mainly used on a grinding wheel spindle of a grinding machine or a high-end lathe power shaft and comprises a spindle and servo motor spindle coaxial integrated structure, three tungsten steel sleeve (hard alloy) bearings, a spindle shell, a mounting spindle box body, a servo motor rotor, a stator, a servo motor hollow encoder and an oil supply pipeline; the application innovations lie in that a tungsten steel sleeve (hard alloy) bearing is applied, the thermal expansion coefficient is effectively controlled, the wear resistance is improved, a hollow refrigeration backflow circulating device of the spindle is added, a constant temperature controller is added, the temperature rise deformation of the spindle is effectively controlled, the speed regulation range of the known dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric spindle is widened, and the higher rotating speed is achieved under the conditions of no loss of high precision and high rigidity.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of high-precision dynamic and static oil pressure electric main shafts, in particular to an internal-cooling dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric main shaft of a high-speed mandrel.
Background
The main shaft of the hydrodynamic and hydrostatic machine is a high and new technical product with the advanced level in the world developed in 80 years in China, the existing most commonly known main shafts of the hydrodynamic and hydrostatic machine are mainly composed of units of a mechanical structure, and a power source is mainly connected by a motor through a belt pulley in a known method. The main shaft of the dynamic and static hydraulic machinery is directly connected with the motor, and the rotor and the stator of the motor are disassembled and then installed in the middle of the dynamic and static hydraulic machinery shaft. Such as weight, volume, rigidity, precision, thermal stability, programmable numerical control positioning indexing rotation and the like. Although the published patent suggests that the main shaft can reach high speed or have a wider speed regulation range, the practical application does not reach the result, the biggest technical bottleneck is that the heat generated by the main shaft in high rotating speed and the thermal expansibility of metal cannot be processed, if higher rotating speed and speed regulation range are required, the method only controls the temperature rise thermal expansion of application materials or enlarges the fit clearance between the shaft center and the bearing, if the fit clearance is larger, higher rotating speed can be obtained certainly, but the oil loses the rotating precision when being overloaded by external force load, so that the shaft center and the bearing are contacted, the main shaft is damaged in an accelerated way, and the aims of the invention of the oil pressure dynamic and static main shaft are lost at the cost of losing high rigidity and high precision. If the pumping pressure of the oil pressure is continuously increased, the mechanical method cannot be used for sealing, oil leakage is caused, all mechanical parts bear high-pressure internal expansion force and then generate stress, all shaft mechanical parts deform, and the precision is lost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the application provides a high-speed spindle inner-cooling dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric spindle which is arranged on a grinding wheel spindle of a grinding machine or a power spindle of a high-end lathe and comprises a spindle, a spindle permanent magnet servo motor, a spindle shell, a spindle mounting box body and a spindle oil pressure station mechanism; the main shaft oil pressure station mechanism supplies oil to a main shaft shell cavity arranged in a main shaft installation box body; an oil inlet, an oil outlet and a sealing element are arranged on the main shaft shell;
the spindle shaft is divided into an output part and an input part; the input part of the spindle mandrel is positioned in a rotor inner hole mandrel of a servo motor, and a coaxial integrated mandrel structure is formed between the servo motor and the spindle mandrel;
the thrust tungsten steel sleeve (hard alloy) bearing, the thrust flange of the spindle, the radial thrust tungsten steel sleeve (hard alloy) bearing and the radial inner support tungsten steel sleeve (hard alloy) bearing are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the output part of the spindle along the direction from the output end to the input end; sleeve shafts of the main shaft shell are arranged outside the radial thrust tungsten steel sleeve (hard alloy) bearing and the radial inner support tungsten steel sleeve (hard alloy) bearing; a flange surface is arranged on the radial outer side of the thrust tungsten steel sleeve (hard alloy) bearing; the bearing for radially supporting the tungsten steel sleeve (hard alloy) bearing is positioned on the outer surface of one side of the output part of the spindle; the radial thrust tungsten steel sleeve (hard alloy) bearing and the radial tungsten steel sleeve (hard alloy) bearing are both positioned on the inner side of the shell of the spindle shell; a box body shaft front cover is arranged on one side of the output end of the spindle mandrel of the spindle shell; the inner side of the box body shaft front cover is matched with a thrust tungsten steel sleeve (hard alloy) bearing for sealing;
the spindle shell penetrates through the spindle mounting box body and is fixed with the front end of the spindle mounting box body; the shell of the servo motor is fixed with the rear end of the main shaft installation box body through a bolt;
the servo motor includes: the device comprises a main shaft permanent magnet servo motor rotor, a main shaft permanent magnet servo motor stator, a permanent magnet servo motor cooling water jacket, a hollow servo permanent magnet motor absolute value encoder, a rear oil hydraulic cylinder connecting flange and a rear oil hydraulic rotary cylinder or air pressure cylinder;
the spindle permanent magnet servo motor rotor, the spindle permanent magnet servo motor stator, the permanent magnet servo motor cooling water jacket and the shell of the servo motor are sequentially positioned on the outer wall of the input part of the spindle from inside to outside; the main shaft permanent magnet servo motor rotor is connected with a main shaft mandrel through an inner bushing and is fixedly installed in a mode of expanding a sleeve and pressing a cover to fasten a bolt;
the shell of the permanent magnet servo motor is cylindrical, the mounting end is flange-shaped, the other end is a power line outlet end, a sealing end cover is arranged, and a hollow servo permanent magnet motor absolute value encoder is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the sealing end cover; the sealing end cover is provided with a central control encoder sealing end cover; the hollow servo permanent magnet motor absolute value encoder is positioned in a sealed end cover of the central control encoder and is connected with the outside through a permanent magnet servo motor outgoing line sealed joint; the input part of the spindle shaft extends out of a rear end sealing end cover of a shell of the permanent magnet servo motor, and the end part of the spindle shaft is connected with a mounting flange of a hydraulic oil cylinder through a bolt; the mounting flange of the hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with a rear oil hydraulic cylinder connecting flange through a bolt;
the spindle mandrel, the spindle mounting box body, the servo motor and the encoder form a full-sealed three-proofing structure; the rear oil pressure rotary cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder is used as a main shaft workpiece rapid clamping and fixing mechanism.
Furthermore, the input part of the spindle mandrel is of a hollow structure, and the output part of the spindle mandrel is of a solid structure;
the output end of the output part of the spindle adopts a flat end structure and is used for connecting an output grinding wheel flange;
the output end of the output part of the spindle adopts an external conical structure and is used for connecting an internal conical grinding wheel flange; the grinding wheel flange plate is provided with an online dynamic balance adjusting block and a plurality of adjusting bolts.
The output end of the output part of the spindle is provided with a reverse thread for installing a flange fastening nut or switching a small-diameter grinding wheel shaft lever or a boring cutter or a milling cutter head, the periphery of the grinding wheel shaft lever is provided with a plurality of dynamic balance adjusting bolts, and the grinding wheel shaft lever locking nut is provided with a plurality of dynamic balance adjusting bolts; the grinding wheel shaft rod is used for grinding the inner hole and the inner wall of the workpiece;
the hollow structure part of the spindle mandrel is introduced into a cooling reflux circulating device, and the input end of the input part of the spindle mandrel is provided with a high-pressure oil inlet hole which shares an oil outlet with the cavity of the spindle shell to form a sealed liquid flow circulating inner cavity; the oil inlet is provided with a switching rolling seal bearing and a switching flange, and when the spindle of the main shaft rotates at a high speed, a connected hydraulic pipe joint and a pipeline are not moved; and a plurality of small holes for refrigerating and refluxing are arranged in the spindle.
Furthermore, the thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing, the radial thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing and the radial inner support tungsten steel sleeve bearing are all provided with oil inlet grooves and a plurality of oil sealing rings, and the sealing rings are made of wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials.
Furthermore, the box body shaft front cover is provided with a sealing ring for sealing the thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing.
Further, the spindle mounting box body is of a polyhedral cavity structure, wherein a cavity is formed inside the box; two ends of the main shaft mounting box body are used for supporting and fixing the main shaft;
the mounting bottom surface of the spindle mounting box body adopts a small square cavity to avoid space and is provided with reinforcing ribs, and a guide sliding groove is arranged in the middle of the base;
the front end and the rear end of the main shaft installation box body are provided with a plurality of weight avoiding holes below the bottom and the main shaft shell hole, reinforcing ribs are arranged between the holes and the hole wall, oil return hole threaded holes are formed in two sides of the bottom of the box body, oil inlet threaded holes are formed in the upper portion of the box body, and a sealing cover plate is arranged at the top of the box body and locked into the box body through bolts for installation.
Furthermore, the insulation grade of the stator of the spindle permanent magnet servo motor is F grade, and a temperature sensor and a normally closed thermal protector within 130 ℃ are arranged in the stator;
the spindle permanent magnet servo motor rotor and the spindle permanent magnet servo motor stator are both input at a high voltage with a voltage grade of 400V, a 6-pole or 4-pole high-torque winding stator is adopted, a cooling water jacket is arranged on a stator shell and used for cooling the temperature generated by operation, and the spindle permanent magnet servo motor rotor and the spindle permanent magnet servo motor stator can stably operate at a constant temperature through external liquid cooling.
Furthermore, a shell of the permanent magnet servo motor is connected with the main shaft installation box, and the shell of the permanent magnet servo motor is sleeved on the outer circle of the cooling water jacket of the permanent magnet servo motor;
and one end of the shell of the permanent magnet servo motor is provided with a cooling liquid inlet joint, the other end of the shell is provided with a liquid return outlet, and heat generated when the main shaft rotates is taken away through circulation of circulating liquid.
Furthermore, the absolute value encoder of the hollow servo permanent magnet motor is composed of an outer magnetic ring, an inner magnetic ring and an encoder reading head, wherein the inner magnetic ring is fixed on the spindle shaft, and the outer magnetic ring and the encoder reading head are fixed on the outer side of the sealing end cover.
Further, the inner hole of the spindle mandrel is provided with an outer cone of a BT or Mohs structure and a screw with a reverse thread.
Furthermore, the main shaft oil pressure station mechanism comprises an oil station oil containing tank, an oil pressure pump, an oil pressure valve, a pressure gauge, a high-pressure pipeline and a constant-temperature refrigerating oil cooler; the hydraulic oil of the oil station oil-containing tank adopts 5-10# hydraulic spindle oil, the service temperature of the spindle oil is set to be 20-25 ℃, and the pressure of the oil station under the static pressure condition is 1.8-3.5 mpa;
the spindle oil is pumped into the cavity of the spindle shell through the oil pressure station, flows back to the oil pressure station through the oil return port, and is pumped into the cavity of the spindle shell through the oil pressure station, and the spindle oil is controlled by the constant-temperature refrigeration oil cooler to circulate and refrigerate the temperature liquid inflow of the oil so as to achieve the constant-temperature effect.
In the embodiment of the application, the tungsten steel sleeve bearing is applied, the thermal expansion coefficient is effectively controlled, the wear resistance is improved, the hollow refrigeration reflux circulating device of the spindle is added, and the constant temperature controller is added, so that the heating deformation of the spindle is effectively controlled. The speed regulation range of the rotating speed of the known dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric main shaft is widened, and higher rotating speed is achieved under the conditions of no loss of high precision and high rigidity.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the spindle;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the spindle mounting housing;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structural components of the spindle coupled to the internal grinding wheel;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a multi-hole site adjusting dynamic balancing screw hole about a circular plane;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the spindle output connected to a grinding wheel;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a grinding wheel tightening flange;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the grinding wheel tightening flange mounted on the output end of the spindle.
The meaning of the reference symbols in the figures:
100-spindle, 200-spindle permanent magnet servo motor, 300-spindle mounting box, A-output, B-input, 501-bolt, 101-thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing, 102-box shaft front cover, 103-spindle thrust flange, 104-radial thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing, 105-radial inner support tungsten steel sleeve bearing, 106-fastening bolt, 107-spindle front end output adapter flange, 108-spindle conical hole, 109-spindle shell, 111-permanent magnet chuck, 112-tip, 113-hydraulic chuck, 114-jaw, 115-spindle output end fastening thread, 116-spindle output end concentric positioning step, 117-spindle output end outer cone, 118-spindle inner oil return port, 201A-servo motor cooling water oil inlet, 201B-a cooling water outlet of a servo motor, 202-an oil pipe joint, 203-a cooling water jacket of a permanent magnet servo motor, 204-a rotor of the permanent magnet servo motor of a main shaft, 205-a stator of the permanent magnet servo motor of the main shaft, 206-an absolute value encoder of a hollow servo permanent magnet motor, 207-a connecting flange of a rear oil hydraulic cylinder, 208-a sealing end cover, 209-a sealing end cover of a central control encoder, 210-a shell, 211-a sealing joint of an outlet wire of the permanent magnet servo motor, 212-a hydraulic oil cylinder or an air cylinder, 213-an oil inlet joint, 214-a sealing bearing of the central control sealing joint, 215-a connecting bolt, 216-an oil inlet, 217-an oil outlet, 218-a cavity, 301-an oil inlet of hydraulic oil, 302-an oil outlet of hydraulic oil, 305-side wall of the box body, 306-front inner hole wall of the box body, 307-flange fixing screw hole of the spindle shell, 308-avoidance of a vacant position in the box body, 401-fastening screw thread (reverse thread), 402-inner circle grinding wheel extension rod, 403-multi-hole position adjusting dynamic balance screw hole around the circumference, 404-inner circle or inner hole grinding wheel, 405-grinding wheel locking nut, 406-multi-hole position adjusting dynamic balance screw hole around the circular plane, 601-outer circle grinding wheel, 602-grinding wheel fastening flange cover, 603-dynamic balance adjusting moving block, 604-outer dynamic balance adjusting moving block cover, 606-positioning surface of the grinding wheel fastening flange cover, 607-threaded hole of the grinding wheel fastening flange cover, 608-locking screw of the dynamic balance adjusting moving block, 609-locking hole of the grinding wheel fastening flange cover.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The invention is further elucidated with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
The embodiment of the invention provides a high-precision dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric spindle, and the high-precision spindle unit is of a rolling bearing type mechanical spindle, a dynamic and static pressure mechanical spindle, a rolling bearing type electric spindle, a dynamic and static pressure electric spindle and the like. The invention applies the tungsten steel sleeve bearing, effectively controls the thermal expansion coefficient, improves the wear resistance, adds the hollow refrigeration reflux circulating device of the spindle, adds the constant temperature controller, effectively controls the temperature rise and the deformation of the spindle, widens the speed regulation range of the rotating speed of the known dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric spindle, and achieves higher rotating speed under the conditions of no loss of high precision and high rigidity.
The electric main shafts are classified into an external electric main shaft and an internal electric main shaft according to the installation mode of the motor, the external electric main shaft is connected with the mechanical main shaft through a coupler or a belt pulley, the electric main shaft has the characteristics of convenience in installation and maintenance and the like, but power and energy consumption can be consumed, the coaxiality precision is not very high in the installation process, and the noise can make a bit; the built-in electric main shaft has the biggest defects that oil seeps into the motor rotor and stator after a long time use and finally causes the damage of a motor, the later maintenance cost is high, and the axle center of the bearing of the shaft shell is easy to damage after repeated assembly and disassembly.
In the prior art, the patent numbers 200420069406.7, 200720063388.5, 201620694091.8, 20121010430201.6 and 201210429927.8 are similar, and the prior arts are not found through searching, so that the reason for describing the precision stability of the dynamic and static hydraulic main shafts and reasonable innovation are provided.
The structure related to the application is mainly used for a grinding wheel spindle of a grinding machine or a power spindle of a high-end lathe, and comprises four main parts, namely a spindle mandrel 100, a spindle permanent magnet servo motor 200, a spindle mounting box body 300 and a spindle oil pressure station mechanism, as shown in figure 1.
The input part of the main shaft mandrel in the high-speed mandrel internal-cooling dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric main shaft in the structure is hollow, the output part is solid, the hollow structure part of the main shaft mandrel is introduced into a cooling reflux circulating device, the input end of the input part of the main shaft mandrel is provided with a high-pressure oil inlet hole, the high-pressure oil inlet hole and a main shaft shell cavity share an oil outlet to form a sealed liquid flow circulating inner cavity, a switching rolling sealing bearing and a switching flange are arranged at the oil inlet, when the main shaft mandrel rotates at a high speed, the connected hydraulic pipe joint and the pipeline are not moved, and a plurality of small holes for refrigerating reflux are formed in the mandrel for ensuring stable and.
The innovation of the structure is that a cooling reflux circulating device can be introduced into the hollow of the spindle mandrel, a rotor and a stator of a servo motor are assembled in a rear-mounted mode, the axis of the motor and the axis of the dynamic and static pressure spindle are integrated to form the same axis, and the accuracy of the whole axis is improved. The scheme subtracts the connection rings with hollow transition, and achieves the coaxial concentric high-precision manufacturing result.
As a specific embodiment, the thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing 101, the radial thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing 104, and the radial inner support tungsten steel sleeve bearing 105 are all provided with a plurality of oil seal rings, and the seal rings are made of wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials. The box body shaft front cover 102 is provided with a sealing ring, the box body shaft front cover 102 is further provided with a high-pressure seal, and the box body shaft front cover 102 is used for sealing the thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing 101 bearing. The thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing 101 is positioned at the front end of the thrust flange 103 of the spindle, and the radial thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing 104 is positioned at the rear end of the thrust flange 103 of the spindle; a flange surface is arranged on the radial outer side of the thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing 101; a radial inner supporting tungsten steel sleeve bearing 105 is arranged on the outer surface of one side of the input end of the main shaft mandrel 100 body; the radial thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing 104 and the radial tungsten steel sleeve bearing are both located inside the housing of the spindle housing 109.
The innovation of the invention is that the dynamic and static oil pressure main shaft uses three tungsten steel sleeves as sliding bearing supports, wherein 2 tungsten steel sleeves are set to have thrust action, namely radial and axial supports, and 2 thrust tungsten steel sleeves are arranged at output end positions. The tungsten steel sleeve material is determined to be high-density cast or forged tin bronze alloy copper material, so that the wear resistance is improved, the thermal deformation is controlled, and the micro-gap, micro-deformation and axis matching are achieved. The biggest difference between the dynamic and static oil pressure main shaft and the rolling bearing transmission main shaft is as follows: the rolling bearing is in contact type, and because the bearing consists of a bearing inner ring, a bearing outer ring and a ball or a roller in the middle, the bearing can generate friction and vibration in the rolling process, and the main shaft jumping and the output roundness can be influenced most by the rotation vibration.
Specifically, an oil inlet hole 216 is arranged on the main shaft shell, the hole is connected with a hydraulic oil inlet hole 301 on the box body, a flowing cavity of hydraulic oil is arranged in the main shaft shell, an outlet of the cavity is positioned on the radial thrust tungsten steel sleeve 104 and the radial inner support tungsten steel sleeve 105, the hydraulic oil enters the position of the bearing sleeve through the cavity, the radial thrust tungsten steel sleeve 104 and the radial inner support tungsten steel sleeve 105 are respectively provided with a through hole, so that the hydraulic oil can flow between the bearing sleeve and the main shaft shell to the position between the bearing sleeve and the main shaft mandrel, the inner sides of the radial thrust tungsten steel sleeve 104 and the radial inner support tungsten steel sleeve 105 are respectively provided with a very thin cavity for flowing in the hydraulic oil, after the hydraulic oil enters the position of the bearing sleeve, the bearing sleeve and the main shaft mandrel float under the action of high-pressure oil, after the mutual floating between the bearing sleeve and the main shaft is ensured, the main shaft rotates, after the main shaft is started, the dynamic pressure bearing capacity and the static pressure bearing capacity formed by the shallow cavity step effect are superposed, the bearing capacity of the main shaft is greatly improved, the phenomenon that the main shaft and the bearing are abraded due to dry friction when the liquid dynamic pressure bearing is started and stopped is overcome, the service life and the precision retentivity of the main shaft and the bearing are improved, the homogenization function and the good vibration resistance of a high-pressure oil film are realized, and the main shaft is ensured to have high rotation precision and running stability.
The spindle shell can be further provided with an oil outlet 217, so that hydraulic oil can flow back into the box body, and the oil outlet 217 of the spindle shell can be directly connected with a pipe joint and flow back into the spindle oil pressure station mechanism.
In the structure, a tungsten steel sleeve bearing of a dynamic and static oil pressure main shaft is in close micron-sized clearance fit with an axis, high-pressure main shaft oil is pumped into a closed shaft cavity to enable the axis and the tungsten steel sleeve to float under the action of pressure, an output mandrel of the main shaft and the tungsten steel sleeve are not in contact with each other under the action of high-pressure oil in the actual use process, a sealing element is in contact with the tungsten steel sleeve bearing and the mandrel, and a mechanical sealing element is composed of a plurality of O-shaped rings or oil seals. Different from the prior art, the copper sleeve adopted in the prior art generates a large amount of heat in the high-speed rotation process of the main shaft, the heat energy can heat the axis of the main shaft and the copper sleeve, the thermal expansion ratio of copper and bearing steel is different, the heat conduction temperature of copper is higher than that of steel, the workpiece load outside the main shaft is increased along with the increase of the rotating speed of the main shaft, the temperature rise of the copper sleeve can lock the main shaft core, and finally the copper sleeve and the axis are contacted with a wear mandrel to lose precision. The application provides a permanent magnet servo electric spindle with high-speed mandrel internal cooling dynamic and static oil pressure, which structurally adopts a metal tungsten steel sleeve (hard alloy) bearing with a very low thermal expansion coefficient, the thermal expansion coefficient of tungsten steel is between 4.5 and 6, the thermal expansion coefficient of copper is between 17 and 18, and the thermal expansion coefficient of high-rigidity alloy steel is between 12 and 14. The lower coefficient of thermal expansion of tungsten steel is found from known materials. And of graphiteAlumina porcelain (Al) with thermal expansion coefficient of about 2, such as glass and ceramic2O396 percent) has an expansion coefficient of 6.7 at 25-300 ℃, an expansion coefficient of 7.72 at 25-700 ℃, and alumina porcelain (Al)2O399.5%) of the ceramic material has an expansion coefficient of 6.8 at 25-300 ℃ and an expansion coefficient of 8.03 at 25-700 ℃, and is common electric porcelain (SiO)2·Al2O3) An expansion coefficient of 9.0 at 25-300 deg.C, an expansion coefficient of 9.04 at 25-700 deg.C, and mullite porcelain (2 SiO)2·3Al2O3) The expansion coefficient of the alloy is 4.0 at 25-300 ℃ and 4.05 at 25-700 ℃, but the three materials are brittle and have poor impact resistance compared with tungsten steel. This is why the present invention is not ultimately used with these materials. Finally, after repeated experiments, the tungsten steel sleeve (hard alloy) is adopted as the bearing, so that the thermal expansion can be effectively controlled. In order to solve the problem of temperature rise of load and rotating speed, the traditional published patent method is to increase the amount of pumped oil and enlarge the flow rate of a pump opening, and the method can solve some problems of temperature rise, but can increase the capacity and the power consumption of a hydraulic station. How to make the oil temperature constant is the key that the dynamic and static oil pressure main shaft can be stably used with high precision, so a more reasonable oil refrigeration device is added in various published patents to achieve the purpose of online control of the oil temperature, one to two temperature sensors are additionally arranged at the tungsten steel sleeve of the dynamic and static oil pressure main shaft, the temperature is transmitted to a numerical control system through the temperature sensors under different working conditions of the main shaft, the numerical control system sends signals to a numerical control oil refrigerator after receiving different temperatures, and the numerical control oil refrigerator automatically adjusts the refrigeration temperature and flow rate after receiving the signals, so that the main shaft can basically work under a constant temperature state to achieve the aim of stable use with high precision. The innovation is characterized in that a fully smart and self-care brain is added to the hydraulic fluid of the main shaft, so that the body temperature can be automatically adjusted.
Main shaft installation box 300 in this application is polyhedron cavity structure, and wherein incasement portion is the cavity, and the main hydraulic oil of backward flow is stored in order to subtract heavy and switching, stores when doing zero hour to the inside high-pressure oil backward flow of main shaft, plays and cools off in the cavity, conveniently inserts by switching oil filler pipe joint 202 again, sends back the oil pressure station and carries out constant temperature cooling, and the high-pressure pump of recirculation goes into in the main shaft. Main shaft installation box 300 mainly supports the fixed of main shaft by box both ends precision finishing, for further obtaining case high rigidity, the light weight, lies in box installation bottom surface and adopts the small square cavity to keep away the sky and set up the strengthening rib, is equipped with direction sliding tray 303 in the middle of the base, makes things convenient for whole box can shift position on mounting platform. The front end and the rear end of the spindle mounting box body 300 are provided with a plurality of weight avoiding holes below the bottom and the spindle shell 109, reinforcing ribs are arranged between the holes and the hole walls, oil return hole threaded holes are formed in two sides of the bottom of the box body, oil inlet threaded holes are formed in the upper portion of the box body, a sealing cover plate is arranged at the top of the box body, and the box body is locked into the spindle mounting box body through bolts 501. The main shaft installation box body 300 is formed by casting and molding high-quality cast iron and then performing 6-surface finish machining.
In this application, servo motor includes: a main shaft permanent magnet servo motor rotor 204, a main shaft permanent magnet servo motor stator 205, a permanent magnet servo motor cooling water jacket 203, a hollow servo permanent magnet motor absolute value encoder 206, a rear oil hydraulic cylinder connecting flange 207 and a rear oil pressure rotary cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder. The spindle permanent magnet servo motor rotor 204, the spindle permanent magnet servo motor stator 205, the permanent magnet servo motor cooling water jacket 203 and the shell 210 of the servo motor are sequentially positioned on the outer wall of the input part of the spindle mandrel 100 from inside to outside; the main shaft permanent magnet servo motor rotor 204 is connected with the main shaft mandrel 100 through an inner bushing and is fixedly installed in a mode of an expansion bushing and a gland fastening bolt 106;
the shell 210 of the permanent magnet servo motor is cylindrical, the mounting end is flange-shaped, the other end is a power line outlet end, a sealing end cover 208 is arranged, and a hollow servo permanent magnet motor absolute value encoder 206 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the sealing end cover 208; a sealing end cover 209 of the central control encoder is arranged on the sealing end cover 208; the hollow servo permanent magnet motor absolute value encoder 206 is positioned in the central control encoder sealing end cover 209 and is connected with the outside through a permanent magnet servo motor outgoing line sealing joint 211; the input part of the spindle 100 extends out of the rear end sealing end cover 208 of the shell 210 of the permanent magnet servo motor, and the end part is connected with a hydraulic oil cylinder mounting flange through a bolt 501; the mounting flange of the hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with the rear oil cylinder connecting flange 207 through a bolt 501.
The rotor 204 of the main shaft permanent magnet servo motor and the stator 205 of the main shaft permanent magnet servo motor are used in a matched combination mode, the insulation grade of the stator is F grade, and a temperature sensor and a 130 ℃ normally closed thermal protector are arranged in the stator. The inner circle and the outer circle of the rotor are finely ground to achieve good dynamic balance, and the rotor is connected with the spindle 100 through the inner bushing and is fixedly installed in a mode of an expansion sleeve and a gland fastening bolt 106. The spindle permanent magnet servo motor rotor 204 and the spindle permanent magnet servo motor stator 205 adopt high voltage input with the voltage grade of 400V and adopt a 6-pole or 4-pole high-torque winding stator, a stator shell is provided with a cooling water jacket for cooling the temperature generated by operation, and the spindle permanent magnet servo motor rotor and the spindle permanent magnet servo motor stator can stably operate at constant temperature through external liquid cooling.
The permanent magnet servo motor main shell 210 is connected with the spindle mounting box 300, the permanent magnet servo motor main shell 210 is sleeved on the outer circle of the stator water jacket, the stator is fixed in the spindle housing 210 through precise matching, one end of the main shell 210 is provided with a cooling liquid inlet joint, the other end of the main shell is provided with a liquid return outlet, and heat generated when the spindle rotates is taken away through circulation of circulating liquid. The main casing 210 of the permanent magnet servo motor is cylindrical, the mounting end is flange-shaped, the other end is a power line outlet end, a sealing end cover 208 is arranged, and a hollow servo permanent magnet motor absolute value encoder 206 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the sealing end cover 208.
The hollow servo permanent magnet motor absolute value encoder 206 comprises an outer magnetic ring, an inner magnetic ring and an encoder reading head, the inner magnetic ring is fixed on the rotatable spindle 100, the outer magnetic ring and the encoder reading head are fixed on the outer side of the sealing end cover 208, the inner magnetic ring is driven to rotate along with the rotation of the spindle 100, data information can be accurately fed back to a numerical control system through the reading head on the outer magnetic ring, and the purpose of online real-time measurement and control is achieved. The outgoing line of the hollow servo permanent magnet motor absolute value encoder 206 is fixed at the rear end of the motor main shell 210 by a sealed outgoing line box and a sealed coding line joint.
The invention has the innovation that the rotor and the stator of the servo motor are assembled in a rear mode, the axis of the motor and the axis of the dynamic and static pressure main shaft are integrated and coaxial, the integral axis precision is improved, hollow transitional connecting rings are omitted, and the coaxial and concentric high-precision manufacturing result is achieved.
The invention is characterized in that the rotor and the stator of the motor adopt a permanent magnet servo structure and use a hollow absolute value high-precision grating encoder, and an international universal and M2\ M3 bus high-end numerical control system can be used in the process of matching with a numerical control system. The hollow absolute value high-precision grating encoder can be used for positioning along with the rotation process, and the positioning precision can reach the angle second. The encoder is added, namely, a core piece is added into a servo motor, a microcomputer is added, the encoder is used for real-time online control with a numerical control system, the actual rotating speed of a main shaft, the external load of the main shaft and the current and voltage of the main shaft can be transmitted to the numerical control system through the encoder in real time, a numerical control driver can adjust the current and voltage in real time according to the size of the load, real energy conservation is achieved, the motor is searched from the electric main shaft of the published patent, the speed of the motor is only adjusted through a frequency converter, but the numerical control system cannot actually detect the real speed and the load, and the frequency converter is only subjected to analog control and cannot achieve real-time closed-loop control, and the concept is similar to. After the absolute value high-precision grating encoder is arranged, the main shaft has barriers, the numerical control system can detect basic reasons of faults, such as current and voltage overload and overcurrent main shaft seizing, can set the reasons of the faults in the numerical control system, prompts an alarm and provides guarantee for use of a maintenance point. The basic standard of the intelligent spindle is achieved. The invention is characterized in that the main shaft can be braked, stopped and positioned at any time period in the production process of the numerical control machine tool, angle processing and indexing can be carried out, and the main shaft can also rotate at high speed for grinding.
In this application, a rear hydraulic cylinder coupling flange 207 is fixed to the rear end of the main shaft 100 by a fastening bolt 106, and a rear hydraulic rotary cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder is fixed to the coupling flange by the fastening bolt 106. The rear oil pressure rotary cylinder or pneumatic cylinder oil supply and air supply system is supplied with oil by an external oil pressure station, high-pressure oil is pumped in by a high-pressure pipeline, and the tensioning and loosening of the oil pressure cylinder are controlled by a numerical control system through an electromagnetic valve. When the pneumatic cylinder is used, high-pressure air can be input through the air pump, the tensioning and loosening of the pneumatic cylinder are controlled by the numerical control system through the electromagnetic valve, and the oil hydraulic cylinder and the pneumatic cylinder can be selectively used according to different working conditions.
The output end of the front end of the spindle can be used for quickly replacing various grinding wheels, particularly, the flat end of the spindle can be used for being connected with an output grinding wheel flange, an outer cone can be used for being connected with an inner cone-shaped grinding wheel flange disc, the grinding wheel flange is provided with an online dynamic balance adjusting block and a plurality of adjusting bolts, the front end of the output end of the spindle shaft is provided with a reverse thread for installing a flange fastening nut and can also be connected with a small-diameter grinding wheel shaft lever, the periphery of the grinding wheel lever is provided with a plurality of dynamic balance adjusting bolts, the grinding wheel lever locking nut is provided with a plurality of dynamic balance adjusting bolts, the grinding wheel shaft lever is additionally provided with a grinding workpiece inner hole and an inner wall, a boring cutter and a milling cutter disc can also be additionally provided, the dynamic balance adjustment of a plurality of workpieces is realized by.
Main shaft oil pressure station mechanism and main shaft mandrel hydraulic pressure station in this application can share, add a pump-in mechanism on original oil station holds the oil tank, hold the oil tank including the oil station, the oil hydraulic pump, the oil hydraulic valve, the manometer, high-pressure line, the cold machine of constant temperature refrigeration oil is constituteed, what this structure adopted is prior art's scheme, therefore just do not give unnecessary details here. The invention provides a liquid source description of a dynamic and static oil pressure main shaft, and repeated experimental demonstration for many years shows that the use of 5-10# hydraulic main shaft oil is determined as the best scheme, but not other liquids or oils in the published patent, and research experiments show that the main shaft can achieve stable and high-precision operation without simply finding one liquid or oil, and the application and the matching of the main shaft oil are very important technologies. The using temperature of the spindle oil is determined to be between 20 and 25 ℃, and the most reasonable using pressure of the oil pressure station under the static pressure condition is 1.8 to 3.5 mpa. Main shaft oil is pumped into a dynamic and static pressure main shaft shell cavity through an oil pressure station, flows back to the oil pressure station through an oil return port, and then is pumped into a dynamic and static pressure main shaft through the oil pressure station, and the main shaft oil in the oil pressure station is controlled by an oil refrigerator to realize the constant temperature effect by controlling the oil temperature to enter a liquid flow for circulating refrigeration.
The invention is characterized in that the invention provides the limitation of the speed regulation range of the dynamic and static hydraulic main shafts, the dynamic and static hydraulic main shafts have special non-contact bearings to prevent the dynamic and static hydraulic main shafts from vibrating, but the speed regulation range is wide, the micro-gap between the main shaft core and the tungsten steel sleeve must be enlarged when the rotating speed is high, the larger the known gap is, the thicker the oil film is formed when the pumped oil quantity is, but the oil film gap can be extruded along with the weight of an external load to cause the increase of the main shaft core jumping and lose the direct and positive precision. Therefore, the final rotating speed of the main shaft is determined by the gaps between different tungsten steel sleeves and the shaft center, the increase of the pumped oil pressure is limited, if the normal oil pressure is 1.8-2.5MPA, if the oil pressure exceeds 4.0MPA, a physical mechanical structure can hardly be sealed, the oil can leak to damage a sealing element, and in addition, the pumping of high-pressure oil enables the main shaft cavity to bear super-strong pressure, so that all metal structural parts are deformed under the action of expansion force to lose precision. The technology summarized from years of experiments proves that the rotating speed range of the main shaft with dynamic and static oil pressure when a copper sleeve is used as a bearing cannot be wide, the precision of the main shaft can be ensured only by using the main shaft in a certain range, and the main shaft cannot be used for regulating the speed within the range of 0-24000 turns like a rolling bearing type main shaft. The final aim of creating the dynamic and static oil pressure main shaft is to obtain ultrahigh rotation precision and ultrahigh rotation rigidity, but simultaneously, the ultra-wide rotation speed range is achieved. The invention sets a grinding main shaft with speed regulation range within 7000 revolutions without losing rigidity and precision, according to the linear speed of the grinding wheel, the outer diameter of the grinding wheel is generally 400-600MM, the standard of the main shaft is set to 2000 revolutions, the temperature generated when the main shaft does work is controlled by the innovative method, the rotating speed of the main shaft can be regulated to 7000 revolutions, and thousands of experimental argumentations show that if the rotating speed is regulated up again, the technical problems of temperature rise, oil pressure and the like of the main shaft cannot be effectively controlled, so that the main shaft is damaged in an accelerated way. The speed regulation range of 5000 turns is provided, and the service life can be prolonged. The invention aims to improve the speed regulation range of a main shaft, so that the main shaft can be suitable for grinding a grinding wheel with an excircle and a large diameter and can also be suitable for an inner circle grinding wheel with a small diameter, and a wider speed regulation range of the main shaft needs to be solved under the condition that the same main shaft can be used for both the large grinding wheel and the small grinding wheel because the grinding wheel is small and needs higher rotating speed.
The found patent has no innovative design of dynamic and static hydraulic main spindle box body, the installation design of the box body is the guarantee of the final precision of the main spindle, the material of the box body is the key for ensuring the higher installation precision of the main spindle, and the material of the box body adopts high-quality cast iron with TH300 or more and can also use high-quality alloy steel for reducing the volume and improving the rigidity. The TH300 cast iron is cast, tempered and destressed, rough machined, deep-cooled and finish machined to obtain a complete machined finished product, and the alloy steel is subjected to rough machining, quenching and tempering heat treatment, deep-cooled and finish machined to obtain the complete machined finished product. The box body is mainly characterized by a box body structure, an inner cavity, front and back lightening and vacancy avoidance positions, supporting circular walls at two ends of the box body, a box body cover, a box body bottom guide groove, a high-pressure oil inlet transfer port and an oil discharge port.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing embodiments, and various equivalent changes (such as number, shape, position, etc.) may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical spirit of the present invention, and the equivalents are protected by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an interior cold dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnetism servo electric main shaft of high-speed mandrel, installs on grinding machine emery wheel axle or high-end lathe power shaft, its characterized in that: the spindle comprises a spindle mandrel, a spindle permanent magnet servo motor, a spindle shell, a spindle mounting box body and a spindle oil pressure station mechanism; the main shaft oil pressure station mechanism supplies oil to a main shaft shell cavity arranged in a main shaft installation box body; an oil inlet, an oil outlet and a sealing element are arranged on the main shaft shell;
the spindle shaft is divided into an output part and an input part; the input part of the spindle mandrel is positioned in a rotor inner hole mandrel of a servo motor, and a coaxial integrated mandrel structure is formed between the servo motor and the spindle mandrel;
the thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing, the thrust flange of the spindle, the radial thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing and the radial inner support tungsten steel sleeve bearing are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the output part of the spindle along the direction from the output end to the input end; sleeve shafts of the main shaft shell are arranged outside the radial thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing and the radial inner support tungsten steel sleeve bearing; a flange surface is arranged on the radial outer side of the thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing; the bearing of the radial inner supporting tungsten steel sleeve bearing is positioned on the outer surface of one side of the output part of the spindle; the radial thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing and the radial tungsten steel sleeve bearing are both positioned on the inner side of the shell of the spindle shell; a box body shaft front cover is arranged on one side of the output end of the spindle mandrel of the spindle shell; the inner side of the box body shaft front cover is matched with the thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing for sealing;
the spindle shell penetrates through the spindle mounting box body and is fixed with the front end of the spindle mounting box body; the shell of the servo motor is fixed with the rear end of the main shaft installation box body through a bolt;
the servo motor includes: the device comprises a main shaft permanent magnet servo motor rotor, a main shaft permanent magnet servo motor stator, a permanent magnet servo motor cooling water jacket, a hollow servo permanent magnet motor absolute value encoder, a rear oil hydraulic cylinder connecting flange and a rear oil hydraulic rotary cylinder or air pressure cylinder;
the spindle permanent magnet servo motor rotor, the spindle permanent magnet servo motor stator, the permanent magnet servo motor cooling water jacket and the shell of the servo motor are sequentially positioned on the outer wall of the input part of the spindle from inside to outside; the main shaft permanent magnet servo motor rotor is connected with a main shaft mandrel through an inner bushing and is fixedly installed in a mode of expanding a sleeve and pressing a cover to fasten a bolt;
the shell of the permanent magnet servo motor is cylindrical, the mounting end is flange-shaped, the other end is a power line outlet end, a sealing end cover is arranged, and a hollow servo permanent magnet motor absolute value encoder is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the sealing end cover; the sealing end cover is provided with a central control encoder sealing end cover; the hollow servo permanent magnet motor absolute value encoder is positioned in a sealed end cover of the central control encoder and is connected with the outside through a permanent magnet servo motor outgoing line sealed joint; the input part of the spindle shaft extends out of a rear end sealing end cover of a shell of the permanent magnet servo motor, and the end part of the spindle shaft is connected with a mounting flange of a hydraulic oil cylinder through a bolt; the mounting flange of the hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with a rear oil hydraulic cylinder connecting flange through a bolt;
the spindle mandrel, the spindle mounting box body, the servo motor and the encoder form a full-sealed three-proofing structure; the rear oil pressure rotary cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder is used as a main shaft workpiece rapid clamping and fixing mechanism.
2. The internal cooling dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric spindle of the high-speed mandrel as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the input part of the spindle shaft is of a hollow structure, and the output part of the spindle shaft is of a solid structure;
the output end of the output part of the spindle adopts a flat end structure and is used for connecting an output grinding wheel flange;
the output end of the output part of the spindle adopts an external conical structure and is used for connecting an internal conical grinding wheel flange; the grinding wheel flange plate is provided with an online dynamic balance adjusting block and a plurality of adjusting bolts.
The output end of the output part of the spindle is provided with a reverse thread for installing a flange fastening nut or switching a small-diameter grinding wheel shaft lever or a boring cutter or a milling cutter head, the periphery of the grinding wheel shaft lever is provided with a plurality of dynamic balance adjusting bolts, and the grinding wheel shaft lever locking nut is provided with a plurality of dynamic balance adjusting bolts; the grinding wheel shaft rod is used for grinding the inner hole and the inner wall of the workpiece;
the hollow structure part of the spindle mandrel is introduced into a cooling reflux circulating device, and the input end of the input part of the spindle mandrel is provided with a high-pressure oil inlet hole which shares an oil outlet with the cavity of the spindle shell to form a sealed liquid flow circulating inner cavity; the oil inlet is provided with a switching rolling seal bearing and a switching flange, and when the spindle of the main shaft rotates at a high speed, a connected hydraulic pipe joint and a pipeline are not moved; and a plurality of small holes for refrigerating and refluxing are arranged in the spindle.
3. The internal cooling dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric spindle of the high-speed mandrel as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing, the radial thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing and the radial inner support tungsten steel sleeve bearing are all provided with an oil inlet groove and a plurality of oil sealing rings, and the sealing rings are made of wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials.
4. The internal cooling dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric spindle of the high-speed mandrel as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that:
and the box body shaft front cover is provided with a sealing ring for sealing the thrust tungsten steel sleeve bearing.
5. The internal cooling dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric spindle of the high-speed mandrel as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the main shaft mounting box body is of a polyhedral cavity structure, wherein a cavity is formed inside the box; two ends of the main shaft mounting box body are used for supporting and fixing the main shaft;
the mounting bottom surface of the spindle mounting box body adopts a small square cavity to avoid space and is provided with reinforcing ribs, and a guide sliding groove is arranged in the middle of the base;
the front end and the rear end of the main shaft installation box body are provided with a plurality of weight avoiding holes below the bottom and the main shaft shell hole, reinforcing ribs are arranged between the holes and the hole wall, oil return hole threaded holes are formed in two sides of the bottom of the box body, oil inlet threaded holes are formed in the upper portion of the box body, and a sealing cover plate is arranged at the top of the box body and locked into the box body through bolts for installation.
6. The internal cooling dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric spindle of the high-speed mandrel as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the insulation grade of the stator of the spindle permanent magnet servo motor is F grade, and a temperature sensor and a normally closed thermal protector within 130 ℃ are arranged in the stator;
the spindle permanent magnet servo motor rotor and the spindle permanent magnet servo motor stator are both input at a high voltage with a voltage grade of 400V, a 6-pole or 4-pole high-torque winding stator is adopted, a cooling water jacket is arranged on a stator shell and used for cooling the temperature generated by operation, and the spindle permanent magnet servo motor rotor and the spindle permanent magnet servo motor stator can stably operate at a constant temperature through external liquid cooling.
7. The internal cooling dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric spindle of the high-speed mandrel as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the shell of the permanent magnet servo motor is connected with the main shaft mounting box, and the shell of the permanent magnet servo motor is sleeved on the excircle of the cooling water jacket of the permanent magnet servo motor;
and one end of the shell of the permanent magnet servo motor is provided with a cooling liquid inlet joint, the other end of the shell is provided with a liquid return outlet, and heat generated when the main shaft rotates is taken away through circulation of circulating liquid.
8. The internal cooling dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric spindle of the high-speed mandrel as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the absolute value encoder of the hollow servo permanent magnet motor is composed of an outer magnetic ring, an inner magnetic ring and an encoder reading head, wherein the inner magnetic ring is fixed on a spindle shaft, and the outer magnetic ring and the encoder reading head are fixed on the outer side of a sealing end cover.
9. The internal cooling dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric spindle of the high-speed mandrel as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the inner hole of the spindle mandrel is provided with an outer cone of a BT or Mohs structure and a screw with a reverse thread.
10. The internal cooling dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric spindle of the high-speed mandrel as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the main shaft oil pressure station mechanism comprises an oil station oil containing tank, an oil pressure pump, an oil pressure valve, a pressure gauge, a high-pressure pipeline and a constant-temperature refrigerating oil cooler; the hydraulic oil of the oil station oil-containing tank adopts 5-10# hydraulic spindle oil, the service temperature of the spindle oil is set to be 20-25 ℃, and the pressure of the oil station under the static pressure condition is 1.8-3.5 mpa;
the spindle oil is pumped into the cavity of the spindle shell through the oil pressure station, flows back to the oil pressure station through the oil return port, and is pumped into the cavity of the spindle shell through the oil pressure station, and the spindle oil is controlled by the constant-temperature refrigeration oil cooler to circulate and refrigerate the temperature liquid inflow of the oil so as to achieve the constant-temperature effect.
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| CN112139559A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-29 | 兰锦明 | Magnetic drill equipment for preventing cooling liquid from flowing back |
| CN112757082A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-05-07 | 东莞市佳优米光电科技有限公司 | Fine-trimming type large grinding wheel |
| CN113231730A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-08-10 | 上海发那科机器人有限公司 | Hydraulic drive control robot friction stir welding electric spindle |
| CN114131060A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-03-04 | 南方科技大学 | Aerostatic high-speed electric spindle based on titanium-aluminum alloy mandrel |
| CN114700510A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-07-05 | 沈阳芯嘉科技有限公司 | High-speed air floatation main shaft driving system and method |
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| CN212310860U (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2021-01-08 | 胡功明 | Internal cooling dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo electric main shaft of high-speed mandrel |
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| CN103286678A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-11 | 上海原创精密机床主轴有限公司 | Multi-functional built-in dynamic-static-pressure motorized spindle for efficient high-speed precision machine |
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| CN112139559A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-29 | 兰锦明 | Magnetic drill equipment for preventing cooling liquid from flowing back |
| CN112139559B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-01-18 | 山东泰王冷却设备有限公司 | Magnetic drill equipment for preventing cooling liquid from flowing back |
| CN112757082A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-05-07 | 东莞市佳优米光电科技有限公司 | Fine-trimming type large grinding wheel |
| CN113231730A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-08-10 | 上海发那科机器人有限公司 | Hydraulic drive control robot friction stir welding electric spindle |
| CN114131060A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-03-04 | 南方科技大学 | Aerostatic high-speed electric spindle based on titanium-aluminum alloy mandrel |
| CN114131060B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-11-11 | 南方科技大学 | Aerostatic high-speed electric spindle based on titanium-aluminum alloy mandrel |
| CN114700510A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-07-05 | 沈阳芯嘉科技有限公司 | High-speed air floatation main shaft driving system and method |
| CN114700510B (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2024-02-09 | 沈阳芯嘉科技有限公司 | High-speed air floatation main shaft driving system and method |
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