CN111330750A - Integrated two-stage high-efficiency cyclone separator - Google Patents
Integrated two-stage high-efficiency cyclone separator Download PDFInfo
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- CN111330750A CN111330750A CN202010297872.4A CN202010297872A CN111330750A CN 111330750 A CN111330750 A CN 111330750A CN 202010297872 A CN202010297872 A CN 202010297872A CN 111330750 A CN111330750 A CN 111330750A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/24—Multiple arrangement thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/24—Multiple arrangement thereof
- B04C5/30—Recirculation constructions in or with cyclones which accomplish a partial recirculation of the medium, e.g. by means of conduits
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C7/00—Apparatus not provided for in group B04C1/00, B04C3/00, or B04C5/00; Multiple arrangements not provided for in one of the groups B04C1/00, B04C3/00, or B04C5/00; Combinations of apparatus covered by two or more of the groups B04C1/00, B04C3/00, or B04C5/00
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated two-stage high-efficiency cyclone separator, which comprises a shell (1), a gas inlet (11) arranged in the middle of the shell, a gas outlet (12) arranged at the upper part of the shell, a sewage outlet (13) arranged at the bottom of the shell and an ash bucket (10) connected with the sewage outlet; a pre-separator (2), a first-stage cyclone separator (3), a riser (4) and a second-stage cyclone separator (7) are arranged in the shell (1), the first-stage cyclone separator is arranged in the pre-separator, and a pre-separation cavity (21) is formed between the pre-separator and the first-stage cyclone separator; the first-stage cyclone separator penetrates through the sewage draining outlet and is communicated with the ash bucket, the first-stage cyclone separator is communicated with the second-stage cyclone separator through the riser, and the gas inlet penetrates through the shell and is communicated with the pre-separator. The invention realizes multi-stage separation in one device, has high separation efficiency and low running resistance, and can run stably for a long period; the impurities separated and collected at each stage are gathered together and are discharged in a centralized way through the same sewage discharge outlet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to gas-solid/gas-liquid separation equipment, in particular to an integrated two-stage efficient cyclone separator.
Background
The cyclone separator is used as important gas-solid separation or gas-liquid separation equipment, and has the advantages of simple structure, no moving parts, high separation efficiency, convenient maintenance, capability of working at high temperature and high pressure and the like, so that the cyclone separator is widely applied to the industrial fields of chemical industry, petroleum, environmental protection, food and the like. The working principle is that the dusty or liquid-containing airflow enters the cyclone separator through the air inlet, airflow rotating around the axis of the cyclone separator is formed in the cyclone separator, under the action of centrifugal force, dust or liquid drops are thrown to the outer wall and are discharged downwards through the dust discharge port, and clean gas is discharged through the central exhaust pipe.
The following conditions are often encountered in industrial production: (1) the gas contains impurities with high concentration, solid particles or liquid drops carried in the gas need to be removed as far as possible, such as the purification of organosilicon monomer synthesis gas, and the dust concentration can reach 3Kg/m3Partial working conditions are even higher; and as such, the recovery of regenerated catalyst in a catalytic cracking system. (2) The method has the advantages that extremely high requirements are provided for the design of the separator, and the separation efficiency is not lower than 99.9%, such as separator equipment arranged in a natural gas transmission and distribution station, gas purification equipment in front of a gas turbine unit, a dust and liquid separator arranged in front of a compressor and the like. Aiming at the working conditions, a single cyclone separator is difficult to meet the design requirements, and the conventional design is to carry out multi-stage separation by connecting a plurality of cyclone separators in series so as to achieve the required separation efficiency. However, although this design can solve the separation efficiency problem, the series connection of multiple cyclone separators can increaseThe pipeline path of the long gas not only increases the pressure drop of the whole separation equipment, but also reduces the temperature of the dust-containing gas more, and high-boiling residues in the gas can be condensed and separated out to cause equipment or pipeline blockage, thereby influencing the normal operation of the equipment. In addition, the serial use of a plurality of separators not only improves the operation difficulty of the equipment, but also increases the investment cost of the equipment. For some technical improvement projects, it is difficult to install a plurality of cyclone separators connected in series due to the limitation of site area.
The Chinese invention patent application CN201711458589.X discloses a two-stage cyclone separator for high-temperature oil gas dust removal, wherein the two-stage cyclone separator is uniformly distributed around the first-stage cyclone pre-dust removal separator, the two-stage cyclone separator is coaxially and transversely arranged, and the arrangement is not beneficial to reducing the diameter of an equipment shell. If the cyclone separator is used in the working condition with large gas volume and is restricted by the arrangement space of the two-stage cyclone separator, the diameter of the equipment shell needs to be very large, and the occupied area of the equipment is increased. If the high-temperature and high-pressure working condition is met, the wall thickness of the shell increases along with the increase of the diameter of the shell when the strength of the equipment is calculated, so that the material for the separator is increased, and the investment cost of the equipment is increased.
The chinese patent application CN201910987333.0 discloses a multi-stage straight-flow cyclone separator for separating solid or liquid impurities existing in a natural gas long-distance pipeline, so as to ensure long-period stable operation of a compressor set of a booster station. This straight-flow cyclone has solved separator bottom "ash leakage" phenomenon through designing the conical cover to set up a plurality of separation chambeies and realize multistage separation, make the separator have higher separation efficiency. But has the following disadvantages: (1) this separator separates the casing inner chamber for a plurality of end to end's separation chamber with the baffle, and the bottom in each grade separation chamber is provided with the drain, and this separator has a plurality of drains promptly, leads to the blowdown process operation degree of difficulty to strengthen, and intensity of labour is high. Meanwhile, valve meters are required to be installed on all the sewage outlets, the purchase cost and the maintenance cost of the valve meters occupy a large proportion in equipment investment, and particularly under a high-pressure working condition, the cost is high. (2) The inlet department of this separator each grade separation chamber makes the rotation of admitting air take place to realize centrifugal separation through setting up spiral blade or stator formula blade, but this kind of guide vane easily appears blocking up the condition, contains especially when the very big liquid of viscosity (like tar etc.) in the gaseous phase, and liquid is joined in mixture the dust and is blocked up guide vane very easily, if guide vane in this separator in case the jam appears, the clearance degree of difficulty will be very big, and is unfavorable to the long period steady operation of equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an integrated two-stage high-efficiency cyclone separator which can realize multi-stage separation in the same equipment, has high separation efficiency and low running resistance and can run stably for a long period; meanwhile, the impurities separated and collected at each level are gathered together and are discharged in a concentrated manner through the same sewage discharge outlet, and the device has the advantages of compact structural design, small occupied area, low investment cost and the like.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
an integrated two-stage high-efficiency cyclone separator comprises a shell, a gas inlet arranged in the middle of the shell, a gas outlet arranged at the upper part of the shell, a sewage draining outlet arranged at the bottom of the shell and an ash bucket connected to the sewage draining outlet; a preseparator, a first-stage cyclone separator, a riser and a second-stage cyclone separator are arranged in the shell, the upper part of the first-stage cyclone separator is coaxially arranged in the preseparator, the middle part of the outer wall of the first-stage cyclone separator is hermetically connected with the bottom of the preseparator, and the top of the first-stage cyclone separator is hermetically connected with the top of the preseparator, so that a preseparation cavity is formed between the preseparator and the first-stage cyclone separator; the bottom of the first-stage cyclone separator penetrates through the sewage discharge outlet and is communicated with the ash bucket, the top of the first-stage cyclone separator is communicated with the second-stage cyclone separator through the riser, and the gas inlet penetrates through the shell and is communicated with the preseparator; the top of casing is equipped with the manhole, and the middle part of casing is equipped with a plurality of access hole.
The first-stage cyclone separator comprises a rotary inlet, a rotary outlet pipe, a rotary cylinder body, a rotary cone body, a rotary sewage discharge pipe and a top plate; the first-stage cyclone separator and the pre-separator share a top plate, a spiral outlet pipe is coaxially arranged at the top of a spiral cylinder body, and the spiral outlet pipe penetrates through the top plate and is communicated with the gas lift pipe; a plurality of one revolves the top of inlet circumference equipartition at a revolving barrel, and a cone is the narrow cone structure about wide, and the upper end coaxial coupling of a cone revolves the lower extreme of barrel, and the upper end coaxial coupling of a drain pipe revolves is at the lower extreme of a cone and runs through the drain, and the lower extreme coaxial insertion of a drain pipe revolves is in the ash bucket.
The rotary inlet is positioned above the gas inlet, the rotary inlet is tangent to the cylinder wall of the rotary cylinder body, and the cutting direction of the rotary inlet is opposite to that of the gas inlet; the gas inlet is bent to form a downward-inclined gas channel, the gas inlet is tangentially connected with the cylinder wall of a preseparator cylinder body of the preseparator, and the downward inclination angle of the gas inlet is 15-25 degrees.
One revolve blow off pipe and drain coaxial setting, and a plurality of fixed blocks of interval equipartition in the clearance between one revolve blow off pipe and the drain.
The pre-separator comprises a pre-separator cylinder, a reflecting screen, a sewage discharge cone and a sewage discharge hole; the sewage discharge cone is of a cone structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, the upper end of the sewage discharge cone is coaxially connected to the lower end of the pre-separator cylinder, the lower end of the sewage discharge cone is hermetically fixed on a rotary cylinder of the first-stage cyclone separator, and an annular pre-separation cavity is formed among the inner wall of the pre-separator cylinder, the inner wall of the sewage discharge cone, the outer wall of the rotary cylinder of the first-stage cyclone separator and the inner wall of the top plate of the first-stage cyclone separator; the reflecting screen is of a circular structure, the inner ring of the reflecting screen is arranged on the outer wall of a rotary cylinder body and is flush with the upper end of the pollution discharge cone, and an annular gap is reserved between the outer ring of the reflecting screen and the cylinder body of the preseparator; the plurality of sewage draining holes are uniformly distributed on the rotary cylinder body in the circumferential direction, and the sewage draining holes are positioned between the lower end of the sewage draining cone and the reflecting screen.
The second-stage cyclone separator is composed of a plurality of small-diameter cyclone units which are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the gas lift pipe in the circumferential direction, and each small-diameter cyclone unit is fixed on the gas lift pipe and communicated with the inside of the gas lift pipe.
The small-diameter cyclone unit comprises a cyclone unit inlet, a cyclone unit outlet pipe and a cyclone unit drain pipe; the small-diameter cyclone unit is fixedly connected with the gas rising pipe through an inlet of the cyclone unit and is communicated with the inside of the gas rising pipe; an upper partition plate is arranged at the upper part of the shell and is positioned below the gas outlet, one end of an outlet pipe of the cyclone unit is communicated with the cyclone unit with the small diameter, the other end of the outlet pipe of the cyclone unit penetrates through the upper partition plate and is communicated with the gas outlet, and the outlet pipe of the cyclone unit is fixedly connected with the upper partition plate; the middle part of the shell is provided with a lower baffle which is positioned above the preseparator, one end of the cyclone unit blow-off pipe is communicated with the small-diameter cyclone unit, and the other end of the cyclone unit blow-off pipe penetrates through the lower baffle and is fixedly connected with the lower baffle. The upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate can be used for fixing the small-diameter cyclone unit and the riser; the lower clapboard is provided with a balance hole; the cyclone unit blow-off pipe is of a bent structure, the lower end of the cyclone unit blow-off pipe extends obliquely towards the inner wall of the shell, the lower end of the cyclone unit blow-off pipe extends right above an annular space formed between the shell and the pre-separator, and the bending angle of the cyclone unit blow-off pipe is 145-165 degrees.
The gas lift pipe is of a cylindrical structure with a closed upper end and an open lower end, and the lower end of the gas lift pipe is hermetically fixed on a top plate of the first-stage cyclone separator, so that the gas lift pipe is communicated with a spiral outlet pipe of the first-stage cyclone separator; the diameter of the air lift pipe is larger than that of the screw-out pipe, and the ratio of the diameter of the air lift pipe to that of the screw-out pipe is 1.2-1.6.
The lower end of the interior of the gas lift pipe is coaxially provided with a derotation device which is in a hollow conical structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom, and a plurality of circular through holes are uniformly distributed on the conical surface of the derotation device; the aperture ratio of the conical surface of the deswirler is more than 80%, the diameter of each circular through hole is not less than 5mm, the diameter of the bottom of the deswirler is equal to that of the gas lift pipe, and the ratio of the height of the deswirler to the diameter of the bottom is 1.0-1.5.
The ash bucket is internally provided with a material level meter which is higher than the lower end of a rotary sewage discharge pipe of the first-stage cyclone separator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can pre-separate the dust-containing liquid/gas by arranging the pre-separating cavity, remove larger particles in the gas firstly and reduce the separating burden of the subsequent two-stage cyclone separator; the tangentially arranged gas inlet penetrates through the shell to be tangent with the side wall of the cylinder body of the preseparator, so that gas rotates to realize centrifugal separation, and meanwhile, the gas inlet inclines downwards at a certain angle to ensure that airflow rotates and simultaneously ensures downward rotation; and the gas inlet is positioned below the rotary inlet, so that the formation of short-circuit flow can be obviously reduced, and the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator can be improved.
2. The gas inlet of the cyclone separator only penetrates through the shell and is not directly tangent to the shell, the gas inlet belongs to an eccentric opening for the pressure container, the opening reinforcement calculation still belongs to conventional calculation, SW6 'process equipment strength calculation software' can be used for calculation, finite element analysis calculation is not needed, the design difficulty of the pressure container is reduced, and the cyclone separator can be suitable for the working conditions of high temperature and high pressure.
3. According to the cyclone separator, the reflecting screen is arranged at the bottom of the pre-separating cavity, so that separated dust (liquid) falls into the pollution discharge cone along an annular gap between the inner wall of the cylinder body of the pre-separator and the reflecting screen, and when downward rotating airflow meets the rear direction of the reflecting screen, the downward rotating airflow is reversed and starts to rotate upwards along the rotary cylinder body, so that the collected dust or liquid drops are effectively prevented from being rolled up and taken away again when the gas enters the pollution discharge cone, the bottom entrainment phenomenon is avoided, and the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator is improved. When the ascending airflow reaches the top of the pre-separation cavity, the ascending airflow enters the first-stage cyclone separator, because the cutting direction of a screw inlet is opposite to the rotation direction of the airflow in the pre-separation cavity, the gas can enter the screw inlet only by changing the direction sharply, and the smaller particles which are not separated in the gas are separated from the airflow at the moment and thrown to the inner wall of the pre-separation cylinder body to be further separated by utilizing the difference between solid particles or liquid drops and the inertial force of the gas, and fall into the blow-down cone along the descending airflow, so that the separation efficiency is further improved.
4. The first-stage cyclone separator adopts a plurality of inlets, so that the sectional area of the inlets is increased, the airflow speed of the inlets is reduced, the resistance of the separator is reduced, the axial symmetry of an internal flow field of the cyclone separator is enhanced, the dust carrying capacity of short-circuit flow is reduced, and the separation performance is improved.
5. Because the invention is provided with the deswirler, the ascending rotating airflow is forcedly divided into a plurality of strands of fine airflows through a plurality of circular through holes of the deswirler, and the shredded airflows are converged in the gas lift pipe after being converged again in the gas lift pipe and are changed from a rotating state to a direct current state, thereby avoiding the gas from entering the gas lift pipe and still keeping higher rotating strength to consume energy, and reducing the pressure loss of the gas in the gas lift pipe; meanwhile, compared with the rotating airflow, the straight airflow is more favorable for uniformly distributing the air volume entering each small-diameter cyclone unit, so that the pressure drop of each small-diameter cyclone unit is almost the same, the phenomena of air leakage (downward exhaust) and air blowby (upward air intake) caused by mutual interference among the small-diameter cyclone units are avoided, and the separation performance of the separator is further ensured; in addition, the diameter of the gas-raising pipe is greater than that of a screw outlet pipe, the speed of the gas in the gas-raising pipe is obviously lower than that of the gas in the screw outlet pipe, the reduction of the speed of the gas is more favorable for reducing resistance, and the gas flow entering each small-diameter cyclone unit is kept consistent.
6. The invention adopts the second-stage cyclone separator formed by connecting a plurality of small-diameter cyclone units in parallel, namely the second-stage cyclone separator is similar to a multi-tube cyclone separator, and industrial production practices prove that the smaller the diameter of the cylinder body of the cyclone separator is, the stronger the centrifugal force field formed inside the cyclone separator is, the higher the efficiency of particles to be separated by the separator is, so that the multi-tube cyclone separator is used as the third-stage separation of the separator, has very high trapping capacity for fine particles in gas, and can achieve the total separation efficiency up to 99.9 percent by matching with the two-stage separation.
7. The invention is only provided with a drain outlet, impurities separated from the pre-separation cavity are discharged into the first-stage cyclone separator through the drain outlet, and are discharged into the ash hopper together with dust collected by the first-stage cyclone separator through a rotary drain pipe; and the impurities separated by the second-stage cyclone separator fall into the bottom of the shell through an annular space formed between the shell and the pre-separator cavity, and are discharged into the ash bucket through the sewage discharge port, so that the unified discharge of the multistage separation impurities is realized. Meanwhile, the bending structure of the cyclone unit blow-off pipe extends to the upper part of the annular gap between the shell and the preseparator, so that material accumulation at the top of the top plate is avoided.
8. The material level meter is adopted, a section of material seal height is always kept in the ash bucket, the rotary blow-off pipe is inserted below the material seal height, and the gas in the first-stage cyclone separator is blocked by the material seal, so that the phenomenon that the gas is discharged from the bottom of the rotary blow-off pipe and flows into the small-diameter cyclone unit through the blow-off pipe of the cyclone unit due to pressure imbalance in the first-stage cyclone separator and the second-stage cyclone separator, and the separation efficiency is reduced.
In summary, the invention enters the pre-separation cavity through the gas inlet in the middle of the shell to form the first separation, then the gas enters the first-stage cyclone separator which is coaxial with the pre-separation cavity to carry out the second separation, and the separated gas enters the second-stage cyclone separator which is composed of a plurality of small-diameter cyclone units through the riser and completes the third separation. Clean gas is discharged through a gas outlet above the shell, and impurities separated and collected at each stage are collected in an ash hopper and discharged. The invention skillfully embeds the multi-stage cyclone separators in the same equipment, has ultrahigh separation efficiency compared with the common cyclone separators, reduces the pressure loss caused by the serial connection of the multi-stage external cyclone separators, saves the occupied area of the equipment and reduces the investment cost of the equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an integrated two-stage high efficiency cyclone separator of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 1 (one embodiment);
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 1 (another embodiment);
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view (one embodiment) of C-C of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 1 (another embodiment);
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the layout of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view E-E of FIG. 1;
FIG. 10 is a front view of a small diameter cyclone unit in the integrated two-stage high efficiency cyclone separator of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a cyclone in the integrated two-stage high efficiency cyclone of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 shell, 11 gas inlet, 12 gas outlet, 13 sewage outlet, 14 manhole, 15 manhole, 2 pre-separator, 21 pre-separation cavity, 22 reflecting screen, 23 sewage discharge cone, 24 sewage discharge hole, 25 pre-separator cylinder, 3 first stage cyclone separator, 31 rotary inlet, 32 rotary outlet pipe, 33 rotary cylinder, 34 rotary cone, 35 rotary sewage discharge pipe, 36 top plate, 4 riser, 5 derotator, 51 circular through hole, 6 lower partition, 6 balance hole, 7 second stage cyclone separator, 71 small diameter cyclone unit, 711 cyclone unit inlet, 712 cyclone unit outlet pipe, 713 cyclone unit sewage discharge pipe, 8 upper partition, 9 fixed block, 10 ash bucket, 101 level meter, 102 ash bucket sewage outlet.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Referring to the attached figure 1, the integrated two-stage high-efficiency cyclone separator comprises a shell 1, a gas inlet 11 arranged in the middle of the shell 1, a gas outlet 12 arranged at the upper part of the shell 1, a sewage draining outlet 13 arranged at the bottom of the shell 1 and an ash bucket 10 connected to the sewage draining outlet 13; a preseparator 2, a first-stage cyclone separator 3, a riser 4 and a second-stage cyclone separator 7 are arranged in the shell 1, the upper part of the first-stage cyclone separator 3 is coaxially arranged in the preseparator 2, the middle part of the outer wall of the first-stage cyclone separator 3 is hermetically connected with the bottom of the preseparator 2, and the top of the first-stage cyclone separator 3 is hermetically connected with the top of the preseparator 2, so that a preseparation cavity 21 is formed between the preseparator 2 and the first-stage cyclone separator 3; the bottom of the first-stage cyclone separator 3 penetrates through the sewage outlet 13 and is communicated with the ash bucket 10, the top of the first-stage cyclone separator 3 is communicated with the second-stage cyclone separator 7 through the riser 4, so that the first-stage cyclone separator 3 and the second-stage cyclone separator 7 are communicated with each other in a gas mode, and the gas inlet 11 penetrates through the shell 1 and is communicated with the preseparator 2.
The first-stage cyclone separator 3 comprises a rotary inlet 31, a rotary outlet pipe 32, a rotary cylinder body 33, a rotary cone body 34, a rotary sewage discharge pipe 35 and a top plate 36; the first-stage cyclone separator 3 and the pre-separator 2 share a top plate 36, a screw outlet pipe 32 is coaxially arranged at the top of a screw cylinder body 33, and the screw outlet pipe 32 penetrates through the top plate 36 and is communicated with the gas lift pipe 4; the plurality of first rotary inlets 31 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed at the top of the first rotary barrel body 33, the first rotary cone body 34 is of a cone structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, the upper end of the first rotary cone body 34 is coaxially connected with the lower end of the first rotary barrel body 33, the upper end of the first rotary sewage discharge pipe 35 is coaxially connected with the lower end of the first rotary cone body 34 and penetrates through the sewage discharge port 13, and the lower end of the first rotary sewage discharge pipe 35 is coaxially inserted into the ash bucket 10.
The rotary inlet 31 is located above the gas inlet 11, so as to reduce the formation of short-circuit flow and improve the separation efficiency, the rotary inlet 31 is tangent to the cylinder wall of the rotary cylinder 33, and the cutting direction of the rotary inlet 31 is opposite to the cutting direction of the gas inlet 11, i.e. when the cutting direction of the gas inlet 11 is clockwise, the cutting direction of the rotary inlet 31 is counterclockwise, and vice versa. The gas can enter the rotary inlet 31 only after changing the direction sharply, and the small particles which are not separated in the gas are separated from the gas flow and thrown to the inner wall of the preseparator 2 to be further separated by utilizing the difference between the inertia force of solid particles or liquid drops and the gas, and fall into the blow-down cone 23 along the downward gas flow, so that the separation efficiency is further improved.
The number of the one-rotation inlets 31 is at least two, so that the sectional area of the gas inlet of the first-stage cyclone separator 3 can be increased, the speed of the gas at the inlet is reduced, and the resistance of the separator is reduced. Referring to fig. 3, as a preferred embodiment, three primary inlets 31 are provided, which enhances the axial symmetry of the flow field inside the cyclone separator, so that the dust carrying capacity of the short-circuit flow is reduced, thereby improving the separation performance. Referring to fig. 4, as another preferred embodiment, four primary inlets 31 are provided.
Referring to fig. 2, the gas inlet 11 is bent to form a downward-inclined gas channel, and the gas inlet 11 is tangentially connected to the wall of the pre-separator cylinder 25 of the pre-separator 2. preferably, the downward inclination α of the gas inlet 11 is 15 ° to 25 °, the downward inclination of the gas inlet 11 enables the gas flow to rotate downward, avoiding a short-circuit of the gas directly into the first stage cyclone 3. as a preferred embodiment, the downward inclination α of the gas inlet 11 is 15 °.
Referring to fig. 9, the rotary sewage pipe 35 is coaxially arranged with the sewage outlet 13, and a plurality of fixing blocks 9 are uniformly distributed in a gap between the rotary sewage pipe 35 and the sewage outlet 13 at intervals, so that the fixed installation of the rotary sewage pipe 35 is ensured and the rotary sewage pipe 35 is coaxial with the sewage outlet 13. As a preferred embodiment, the number of the fixed blocks 9 is six.
Referring to fig. 7, the preseparator 2 includes a preseparator cylinder 25, a reflecting screen 22, a blow-off cone 23 and a blow-off hole 24; the sewage discharge cone 23 is in a cone structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, the upper end of the sewage discharge cone 23 is coaxially connected with the lower end of the pre-separator cylinder body 25, the lower end of the sewage discharge cone 23 is hermetically fixed on a rotary cylinder body 33 of the first-stage cyclone separator 3, and an annular pre-separation cavity 21 is formed between the inner wall of the pre-separator cylinder body 25, the inner wall of the sewage discharge cone 23, the outer wall of the rotary cylinder body 33 of the first-stage cyclone separator 3 and the inner wall of a top plate 36 of the first-stage cyclone separator 3; the reflecting screen 22 is of a circular structure, the inner ring of the reflecting screen 22 is arranged on the outer wall of a rotary cylinder body 33 and is flush with the upper end of the sewage discharge cone 23, and an annular gap is reserved between the outer ring of the reflecting screen 22 and the preseparator cylinder body 25; the plurality of sewage discharging holes 24 are uniformly distributed on a rotary cylinder body 33 in the circumferential direction, and the sewage discharging holes 24 are positioned between the lower end of the sewage discharging cone 23 and the reflecting screen 22.
The drainage holes 24 may be of any reasonable shape for timely discharging the impurities collected by the preseparator 2 on-line, as shown in fig. 8, as a preferred embodiment, the drainage holes 24 are six and square holes, and the six drainage holes 24 are located at the same horizontal level. The reflecting screen 22 can prevent the bottom entrainment phenomenon of the preseparator 2, improve the separation efficiency, and the annular gap between the reflecting screen 22 and the preseparator cylinder 25 can be used for discharging dust into the sewage discharge cone 23.
The second-stage cyclone separator 7 is composed of a plurality of small-diameter cyclone units 71, the plurality of small-diameter cyclone units 71 are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the gas lift tube 4 in the circumferential direction, and each small-diameter cyclone unit 71 is fixed on the gas lift tube 4 and communicated with the inside of the gas lift tube 4. Referring to fig. 5, as a preferred embodiment, six small-diameter cyclone units 71 are provided. Referring to fig. 6, as another preferred embodiment, eight small-diameter cyclone units 71 are provided. The position of the cyclone unit 71 with a small diameter is reasonably arranged according to the size of the annular area between the shell 1 and the draft tube 4, and the center of the inlet 711 of the cyclone unit can be towards the center of the draft tube 4 or not.
Referring to fig. 10, the small diameter cyclone unit 71 includes a cyclone unit inlet 711, a cyclone unit outlet 712, and a cyclone unit blow off pipe 713; the cyclone unit inlet 711 is arranged on one side of the top of the small-diameter cyclone unit 71, and the small-diameter cyclone unit 71 is fixedly connected with the gas lift pipe 4 through the cyclone unit inlet 711 and is communicated with the inside of the gas lift pipe 4; an upper partition plate 8 is arranged at the upper part of the shell 1, the upper partition plate 8 is positioned below the gas outlet 12, one end of a cyclone unit outlet pipe 712 is communicated with the top of the small-diameter cyclone unit 71, the other end of the cyclone unit outlet pipe 712 penetrates through the upper partition plate 8 and is communicated with the gas outlet 12, and the cyclone unit outlet pipe 712 is fixedly connected with the upper partition plate 8; the middle part of the shell 1 is provided with a lower clapboard 6, the lower clapboard 6 is positioned above the preseparator 2, one end of the cyclone unit blow-off pipe 713 is communicated with the bottom of the small-diameter cyclone unit 71, and the other end of the cyclone unit blow-off pipe 713 penetrates through the lower clapboard 6 and is fixedly connected with the lower clapboard 6. The upper and lower baffle plates 8 and 6 may be used to fix the small diameter cyclone unit 71 and the draft tube 4.
The cyclone unit sewage discharge pipe 713 is of a bent structure, the lower end of the cyclone unit sewage discharge pipe 713 extends towards the inner wall of the shell 1 in an inclined mode, the lower end of the cyclone unit sewage discharge pipe 713 extends to the position right above an annular space formed between the shell 1 and the pre-separator 2, impurities separated by the second-stage cyclone separator 7 fall into the bottom of the shell 1 through the annular space formed between the shell 1 and the pre-separator 2, and the problem of material accumulation on the top of the top plate 36 is also solved.
As a preferred embodiment, the bending angle β of the cyclone unit blow down pipe 713 is 155 deg. as another preferred embodiment, the bending angle β of the cyclone unit blow down pipe 713 is 145 deg..
The lower partition plate 6 is provided with a balance hole 61, so that the internal pressure and the external pressure of the part of the small-diameter cyclone unit 71 between the upper partition plate 8 and the lower partition plate 6 are balanced, namely the small-diameter cyclone unit 71 is not pressed. The balancing holes 61 may be in any form, and as a preferred embodiment, the balancing holes 61 are circular through holes.
The gas lift tube 4 is of a cylindrical structure with a closed upper end and an open lower end, and the lower end of the gas lift tube 4 is hermetically fixed on a top plate 36 of the first-stage cyclone separator 3, so that the gas lift tube 4 is communicated with a screw-out pipe 32 of the first-stage cyclone separator 3.
Preferably, the diameter of the draft tube 4 is greater than the diameter of a screw-out tube 32 to reduce the velocity of the gas flow in the draft tube 4 and to reduce the drag of the separator, and the ratio De/De of the diameter De of the draft tube 4 to the diameter De of a screw-out tube 32 is 1.2-1.6. As a preferred embodiment, the ratio De/De of the diameter De of the draft tube 4 to the diameter De of a screw-out tube 32 is 1.2. As another preferred embodiment, the ratio De/De of the diameter De of the draft tube 4 to the diameter De of a screw-out tube 32 is 1.6.
Referring to fig. 11, a deswirler 5 is coaxially disposed at the lower end of the interior of the gas lift tube 4, the deswirler 5 is a hollow conical structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom, and a plurality of circular through holes 51 are uniformly distributed on the conical surface of the deswirler 5. The conical surface area is large, the rotating airflow is forcedly divided into a plurality of strands of fine airflow through the circular through holes 51 after entering the derotator 5, then is converged into direct-flow airflow again, and then enters the second-stage cyclone separator 7, so that the pressure loss of the air in the gas lift pipe 4 can be reduced, and meanwhile, the ascending airflow can uniformly enter each small-diameter cyclone unit 71 of the second-stage cyclone separator 7.
Preferably, the conical surface aperture ratio of the deswirler 5 is greater than 80%, the diameter of each circular through hole 51 is not less than 5mm, the diameter of the bottom of the deswirler 5 is equal to the diameter of the riser 4 and is De, and the ratio H/De of the height H of the deswirler 5 to the diameter De of the bottom is 1.0-1.5.
The ash bucket 10 is internally provided with a level meter 101, and the level meter 101 is higher than the lower end of a rotary sewage discharge pipe 35 of the first-stage cyclone separator 3. The level meter 101 controls that a lowest material level height always exists in the ash bucket 10, the rotary sewage discharge pipe 35 penetrates through the sewage discharge port 13 and is inserted below the level meter 101, the insertion depth is determined according to actual pressure difference calculation, and therefore the situation that gas is discharged from the bottom of the rotary sewage discharge pipe 35 and enters the small-diameter cyclone unit 71 through the cyclone unit sewage discharge pipe 713 to reduce the separation efficiency due to the fact that the pressure in the first-stage cyclone separator 3 and the second-stage cyclone separator 7 is unbalanced can be avoided.
The top of casing 1 be equipped with manhole 14, the middle part of casing 1 is equipped with a plurality of access hole 15, access hole 15 is located the below of baffle 6 down, can get into the space above baffle 8 in casing 1 through manhole 14 and check whether minor diameter whirlwind unit 71 blocks up, access hole 15 can be used for cleaning equipment when necessary overhauls and use.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: gas containing dust or liquid enters the preseparator 2 through the gas inlet 11, and the gas starts to rotate downwards in the preseparator 2 under the action of the declination and straight-cut structures of the gas inlet 11, wherein dust particles or liquid drops with larger diameters are thrown to the inner wall of a preseparator cylinder 25 by centrifugal force and fall along the wall surface, and fall into a pollution discharge cone 23 through an annular gap formed by the reflecting screen 22 and the preseparator cylinder 25, and then are discharged into the first-stage cyclone separator 3 through a pollution discharge hole 24. The rotating gas rotates reversely after reaching the reflecting screen 22 and then rotates upwards along the outer wall of a rotating cylinder 33 in the same rotating direction to reach the top of the pre-separation cavity 21, because the cutting direction of a rotating inlet 31 is opposite to the rotating direction of the gas flow in the pre-separation cavity 21, the gas flow must change direction sharply to enter the first-stage cyclone separator 3, and by utilizing the difference of inertia force between impurity particles and gas in motion, the impurity particles which are not separated are thrown away from the gas flow to the inner wall of the pre-separator cylinder 25 and further separated, and fall into the sewage discharge cone 23 along the downward gas flow. After the gas is separated for the second time in the first-stage cyclone separator 3, the collected impurities are discharged into the ash bucket 10 through a rotary discharge pipe 35, the separated gas enters the riser 4 from a rotary outlet pipe 32, the gas is changed into a direct current state from a rotary state after passing through the deswirler 5, then the gas uniformly enters each small-diameter cyclone unit 71 of the second-stage cyclone separator 7 for the third separation, and the separated clean gas is discharged through the gas outlet 12. The impurities collected by the second stage cyclone separator 7 fall into the bottom of the shell 1 through the annular space between the shell 1 and the pre-separator 2 and then enter the ash hopper 10. The collected impurities in the ash bucket 10 are periodically discharged through the ash bucket sewage outlet 102 at the bottom of the ash bucket 10, but a section of material sealing height exists in the ash bucket 10 all the time, and a rotary sewage pipe 35 is inserted below the material sealing height, so that the gas in the first-stage cyclone separator 3 is prevented from escaping from the bottom of the rotary sewage pipe 35. The height of the material seal is monitored and controlled by a material level meter 101 at the lower end of the ash bucket 10. When the ash bucket 10 discharges the sewage, when the material level height in the ash bucket 10 is lower than the material sealing height, the material level meter 101 can be used for controlling the ash bucket sewage discharge port 102 at the bottom of the ash bucket 10 to stop discharging the sewage in an interlocking manner. The invention skillfully embeds the three-stage separation in the same equipment, has ultrahigh separation efficiency, not only has low running resistance, but also saves the occupied area of the equipment and reduces the investment cost of the equipment.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an efficient cyclone of integral type two-stage which characterized by: comprises a shell (1), a gas inlet (11) arranged in the middle of the shell (1), a gas outlet (12) arranged at the upper part of the shell (1), a sewage draining outlet (13) arranged at the bottom of the shell (1) and an ash bucket (10) connected with the sewage draining outlet (13); a pre-separator (2), a first-stage cyclone separator (3), a riser (4) and a second-stage cyclone separator (7) are arranged in the shell (1), the upper part of the first-stage cyclone separator (3) is coaxially arranged in the pre-separator (2), the middle part of the outer wall of the first-stage cyclone separator (3) is hermetically connected with the bottom of the pre-separator (2), the top of the first-stage cyclone separator (3) is hermetically connected with the top of the pre-separator (2), and a pre-separation cavity (21) is formed between the pre-separator (2) and the first-stage cyclone separator (3); the bottom of the first-stage cyclone separator (3) penetrates through a sewage draining outlet (13) and is communicated with an ash bucket (10), the top of the first-stage cyclone separator (3) is communicated with the second-stage cyclone separator (7) through a riser (4), and a gas inlet (11) penetrates through the shell (1) and is communicated with the pre-separator (2); the top of the shell (1) is provided with a manhole (14), and the middle part of the shell (1) is provided with a plurality of access holes (15).
2. An integrated two-stage high efficiency cyclone separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first-stage cyclone separator (3) comprises a rotary inlet (31), a rotary outlet pipe (32), a rotary cylinder body (33), a rotary cone body (34), a rotary sewage discharge pipe (35) and a top plate (36); the first-stage cyclone separator (3) and the pre-separator (2) share a top plate (36), a spiral outlet pipe (32) is coaxially arranged at the top of a rotary cylinder body (33), and the spiral outlet pipe (32) penetrates through the top plate (36) and is communicated with the gas lift pipe (4); a plurality of one revolves inlet (31) circumference equipartition at the top of a revolving barrel (33), a cone (34) is wide cone structure narrow down, the upper end coaxial coupling of a cone (34) revolves the lower extreme of barrel (33), the upper end coaxial coupling of a drain pipe (35) revolves is at the lower extreme of a cone (34) and runs through drain (13), the lower extreme coaxial insertion of a drain pipe (35) revolves is in ash bucket (10).
3. An integrated two-stage high efficiency cyclone separator as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the rotary inlet (31) is positioned above the gas inlet (11), the rotary inlet (31) is tangent to the cylinder wall of the rotary cylinder body (33), and the cutting direction of the rotary inlet (31) is opposite to that of the gas inlet (11); the gas inlet (11) is bent to form a downward-inclined gas channel, the gas inlet (11) is tangentially connected with the cylinder wall of a preseparator cylinder body (25) of the preseparator (2), and the downward inclination angle of the gas inlet (11) is 15-25 degrees.
4. An integrated two-stage high efficiency cyclone separator as claimed in claim 2, wherein: one revolve blow off pipe (35) and drain (13) coaxial setting, and a plurality of fixed blocks (9) of interval equipartition in the clearance between one revolve blow off pipe (35) and drain (13).
5. An integrated two-stage high efficiency cyclone separator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the preseparator (2) comprises a preseparator cylinder (25), a reflecting screen (22), a sewage discharge cone (23) and a sewage discharge hole (24); the sewage discharge cone (23) is of a cone structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, the upper end of the sewage discharge cone (23) is coaxially connected to the lower end of the pre-separator cylinder body (25), the lower end of the sewage discharge cone (23) is hermetically fixed on a rotary cylinder body (33) of the first-stage cyclone separator (3), and an annular pre-separation cavity (21) is formed among the inner wall of the pre-separator cylinder body (25), the inner wall of the sewage discharge cone (23), the outer wall of the rotary cylinder body (33) of the first-stage cyclone separator (3) and the inner wall of a top plate (36) of the first-stage cyclone separator (3); the reflecting screen (22) is of a circular structure, the inner ring of the reflecting screen (22) is arranged on the outer wall of a rotary cylinder body (33) and is flush with the upper end of the sewage discharge cone (23), and an annular gap is reserved between the outer ring of the reflecting screen (22) and the preseparator cylinder body (25); the plurality of sewage discharging holes (24) are uniformly distributed on the rotary cylinder body (33) in the circumferential direction, and the sewage discharging holes (24) are positioned between the lower end of the sewage discharging cone (23) and the reflecting screen (22).
6. An integrated two-stage high efficiency cyclone separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the second-stage cyclone separator (7) is composed of a plurality of small-diameter cyclone units (71), the small-diameter cyclone units (71) are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the gas lift pipe (4) in the circumferential direction, and each small-diameter cyclone unit (71) is fixed on the gas lift pipe (4) and is communicated with the inside of the gas lift pipe (4).
7. An integrated two-stage high efficiency cyclone separator as claimed in claim 6 wherein: the small-diameter cyclone unit (71) comprises a cyclone unit inlet (711), a cyclone unit outlet pipe (712) and a cyclone unit blow-off pipe (713); the small-diameter cyclone unit (71) is fixedly connected with the gas lift pipe (4) through a cyclone unit inlet (711) and is communicated with the inside of the gas lift pipe (4); an upper partition plate (8) is mounted at the upper part of the shell (1), the upper partition plate (8) is positioned below the gas outlet (12), one end of a cyclone unit outlet pipe (712) is communicated with the small-diameter cyclone unit (71), the other end of the cyclone unit outlet pipe (712) penetrates through the upper partition plate (8) and is communicated with the gas outlet (12), and the cyclone unit outlet pipe (712) is fixedly connected with the upper partition plate (8); the middle part of the shell (1) is provided with a lower partition plate (6), the lower partition plate (6) is positioned above the preseparator (2), one end of the cyclone unit blow-off pipe (713) is communicated with the small-diameter cyclone unit (71), and the other end of the cyclone unit blow-off pipe (713) penetrates through the lower partition plate (6) and is fixedly connected with the lower partition plate (6). The upper baffle plate (8) and the lower baffle plate (6) can be used for fixing the small-diameter cyclone unit (71) and the riser (4); the lower clapboard (6) is provided with a balance hole (61); the cyclone unit sewage discharge pipe (713) is of a bent structure, the lower end of the cyclone unit sewage discharge pipe (713) extends towards the inner wall of the shell (1) in an inclined mode, the lower end of the cyclone unit sewage discharge pipe (713) extends to the position right above an annular space formed between the shell (1) and the pre-separator (2), and the bending angle of the cyclone unit sewage discharge pipe (713) is 145-165 degrees.
8. An integrated two-stage high efficiency cyclone separator as claimed in claim 1, 2, 6 or 7 wherein: the gas lift pipe (4) is of a cylindrical structure with a closed upper end and an open lower end, and the lower end of the gas lift pipe (4) is hermetically fixed on a top plate (36) of the first-stage cyclone separator (3), so that the gas lift pipe (4) is communicated with a spiral outlet pipe (32) of the first-stage cyclone separator (3); the diameter of the air lift pipe (4) is larger than that of the screw-out pipe (32), and the ratio of the diameter of the air lift pipe (4) to that of the screw-out pipe (32) is 1.2-1.6.
9. An integrated two-stage high efficiency cyclone separator as recited in claim 8 wherein: the lower end of the interior of the air lift pipe (4) is coaxially provided with a derotator (5), the derotator (5) is of a hollow conical structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part, and a plurality of circular through holes (51) are uniformly distributed on the conical surface of the derotator (5); the aperture ratio of the conical surface of the deswirler (5) is more than 80 percent, the diameter of each circular through hole (51) is not less than 5mm, the diameter of the bottom of the deswirler (5) is equivalent to that of the gas lift pipe (4), and the ratio of the height of the deswirler (5) to the diameter of the bottom is 1.0-1.5.
10. An integrated two-stage high efficiency cyclone separator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the ash bucket (10) is internally provided with a level meter (101), and the level meter (101) is higher than the lower end of a rotary sewage discharge pipe (35) of the first-stage cyclone separator (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010297872.4A CN111330750A (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | Integrated two-stage high-efficiency cyclone separator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010297872.4A CN111330750A (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | Integrated two-stage high-efficiency cyclone separator |
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| CN111330750A true CN111330750A (en) | 2020-06-26 |
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| CN202010297872.4A Pending CN111330750A (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | Integrated two-stage high-efficiency cyclone separator |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112121539A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-25 | 北京京仪自动化装备技术有限公司 | Gas treatment device |
| CN114985126A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-09-02 | 苏州克林威尔电器有限公司 | Novel cyclone dust separation structure |
-
2020
- 2020-04-16 CN CN202010297872.4A patent/CN111330750A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112121539A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-25 | 北京京仪自动化装备技术有限公司 | Gas treatment device |
| CN114985126A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-09-02 | 苏州克林威尔电器有限公司 | Novel cyclone dust separation structure |
| CN114985126B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2023-12-08 | 苏州克林威尔电器有限公司 | Novel cyclone dust separating structure |
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