CN111330625A - Composite photocatalytic material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Composite photocatalytic material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN111330625A
CN111330625A CN202010223496.4A CN202010223496A CN111330625A CN 111330625 A CN111330625 A CN 111330625A CN 202010223496 A CN202010223496 A CN 202010223496A CN 111330625 A CN111330625 A CN 111330625A
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carbon nitride
mof
composite
preparation
composite photocatalytic
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许学俊
陈月明
何清清
胡晓洪
陈东初
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Foshan University
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Foshan University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/24Nitrogen compounds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/39Photocatalytic properties
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/04Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C01B3/042Decomposition of water
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of materials, and discloses a composite photocatalytic material and a preparation method and application thereof. The electron hole separation efficiency and the visible light absorption performance of the composite photocatalytic material prepared by the method are obviously improved, so that the composite photocatalytic material shows higher photocatalytic water splitting oxygen production performance, and lays a solid foundation for promoting the large-scale application of photocatalytic water splitting hydrogen production.

Description

Composite photocatalytic material and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a composite photocatalytic material.
Background
The photocatalytic water decomposition hydrogen production needs to convert solar energy into clean energy hydrogen energy by means of semiconductor photocatalytic materials, and is an ideal way for fundamentally solving energy crisis and environmental pollution. Photocatalytic water splitting hydrogen production comprises two half reactions, namely hydrogen production and oxygen production. The oxygen production half reaction relates to a four-electron process, the reaction energy barrier is high, the reaction rate is low, and the method is a speed control step of the photocatalytic water splitting hydrogen production process. Therefore, designing and preparing the high-efficiency photocatalytic oxygen-producing composite photocatalytic material is the key point for realizing photocatalytic hydrogen production.
The graphitized carbon nitride sheet material has the advantages of simple preparation process, low cost, good stability, energy band structure matching and the like, and is an ideal visible light catalytic material. However, the single-component carbon nitride material has the defects of narrow visible light response range, fast electron hole recombination and the like, and has poor photocatalytic oxygen production activity. By adding the oxygen generation promoter/cocatalyst, the photocatalytic oxygen generation performance can be greatly improved. The transition metal oxide has the advantages of simple preparation, low cost, strong visible light absorption and excellent co-catalysis performance, so the transition metal oxide has great attention in designing and preparing the high-efficiency carbon nitride-based composite photocatalytic oxygen production material. Series of WO's designed and developed in recent yearsx/g-C3N4,CoOx/g-C3N4,NiO/g-C3N4,FeOx/g-C3N4The composite photocatalytic material has high photocatalytic oxygen production performance. However, the transition metal oxide/carbon nitride heterojunction interface has the defects of relatively high carrier migration resistance, relatively low visible light absorption performance and the like, and the application of the transition metal oxide/carbon nitride heterojunction interface in photocatalytic oxygen generation is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the composite photocatalytic material and the preparation method and application thereof, and the electron hole separation efficiency and the visible light absorption performance of the prepared iron oxide/graphene/carbon nitride composite photocatalytic material are obviously improved, so that the composite photocatalytic material can show higher photocatalytic water decomposition and oxygen production performance.
In order to overcome the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a composite photocatalytic material comprises the following steps:
a) heat treatment of urea to prepare carbon nitride: under the sealing condition, pyrolyzing urea to obtain a carbon nitride powder material, and cooling for later use;
b) preparation of Fe-MOF material: adding organic acid and ferric salt into an organic solvent, sealing, and carrying out solvent heat treatment to obtain a Fe-MOF material;
c) preparation of Fe-MOF/carbon nitride composite material: dispersing the carbon nitride material prepared in the step a) and the Fe-MOF material prepared in the step b) in an alcohol solvent, and stirring until the alcohol volatilizes to obtain a Fe-MOF/carbon nitride composite material;
d) carrying out heat treatment on the Fe-MOF/carbon nitride composite material: and c), carrying out heat treatment on the Fe-MOF/carbon nitride composite material prepared in the step c) in an inert atmosphere, and cooling to obtain the composite photocatalytic material.
As a further improvement of the above aspect, the organic acid is selected from one of terephthalic acid, trimesic acid, or imidazole dicarboxylic acid.
As a further improvement of the above aspect, the iron salt is selected from at least one of ferric chloride, ferric nitrate, or ferric sulfate.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the mass ratio of the iron salt to the organic acid is (1-3): 1.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the temperature of the solvent heat treatment in the step b) is 90-150 ℃, the treatment time is 12-24h, and the organic solvent comprises DMF solvent.
As a further improvement of the above scheme, the mass ratio of the Fe-MOF material to the carbon nitride material in the step c) is 1 (1-6).
As a further improvement of the above aspect, the gas of the inert atmosphere in step d) is selected from at least one of nitrogen, argon and helium.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the temperature rise rate of the heat treatment in the step d) is 2-5 ℃/min, the heating temperature is 400-.
A composite photocatalytic material is prepared according to the preparation method.
The composite photocatalytic material is applied to photocatalytic water decomposition to produce oxygen.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a composite photocatalytic material and a preparation method and application thereof. The electron hole separation efficiency and the visible light absorption performance of the composite photocatalytic material prepared by the method are obviously improved, so that the composite photocatalytic material shows higher photocatalytic water splitting oxygen production performance, and lays a solid foundation for promoting the large-scale application of photocatalytic water splitting hydrogen production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a photocatalytic oxygen generation activity evaluation of different catalytic materials obtained in example 1, comparative example 1 and example 3, respectively, in which a: carbon nitride; b: iron oxide/graphene/carbon nitride; c: iron oxide/carbon nitride.
Detailed Description
The present invention is specifically described below with reference to examples in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It should be particularly noted that the examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations on the scope of the invention, as non-essential improvements and modifications to the invention may occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Meanwhile, the raw materials mentioned below are not specified in detail and are all commercially available products; the process steps or extraction methods not mentioned in detail are all process steps or extraction methods known to the person skilled in the art.
Example 1
Preparation of carbon nitride material
Weighing 100g of urea in a crucible, sealing the crucible by a cover, then placing the crucible into a muffle furnace, heating to 550 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, carrying out constant temperature treatment for 4h, and taking out the cooled urea to obtain the carbon nitride powder material.
Example 2
Preparation of Fe-MOF materials
0.83g of terephthalic acid and 2.65g of ferric chloride are weighed and dispersed in 60ml of DMMF solvent, placed in a polytetrafluoroethylene tank, covered and sealed, then placed in a 110 ℃ oven, subjected to solvent heat treatment for 12 hours, cooled and filtered to obtain the Fe-MOF material.
Example 3
Preparation of iron oxide/graphene/carbon nitride composite photocatalytic material
800mg of the carbon nitride material prepared in example 1 and 200mg of the Fe-MOF material prepared in example 2 were weighed, dispersed in an ethanol solvent, and the ethanol solvent was sufficiently stirred and volatilized to obtain a Fe-MOF/carbon nitride composite material. And then putting the Fe-MOF/carbon nitride composite material into a quartz boat, putting the quartz boat into a tube furnace, introducing argon, heating to 500 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, carrying out constant-temperature treatment for 4h, and naturally cooling to obtain the iron oxide/graphene/carbon nitride composite photocatalytic material.
Comparative example 1
Preparation of iron oxide/carbon nitride composite photocatalytic material
Weighing 800mg and 200mg of Fe-MOF materials of the carbon nitride material, dispersing the materials in an ethanol solvent, and fully stirring and volatilizing the ethanol solvent to obtain the Fe-MOF/carbon nitride composite material. And then putting the secondary composite material into a quartz boat, putting the quartz boat into a tube furnace, introducing air, heating to 500 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, carrying out constant-temperature treatment for 4h, and naturally cooling to obtain the iron oxide/carbon nitride composite photocatalytic material.
Example 4
Evaluation of photocatalytic oxygen production activity of iron oxide/graphene/carbon nitride composite photocatalytic material
100mg of photocatalytic material samples (the carbon nitride powder material obtained in example 1, the iron oxide/graphene/carbon nitride composite photocatalytic material obtained in example 3, and the iron oxide/carbon nitride composite photocatalytic material obtained in comparative example 1) are weighed respectively, placed in a photocatalytic reactor respectively, 100mL of high-purity water and 1.7g of silver nitrate are weighed in the photocatalytic reactor, condensed, kept at a constant temperature of 8 ℃, and vacuumized and degassed for 30 min. Then the light is irradiated by a 300W xenon lamp light source,the light source is 15cm away from the liquid level, and a 400nm filter is added to filter out the ultraviolet part. The reaction is carried out for 1h at intervals, the chromatogram is automatically sampled on line for analysis, and O is produced2The amount is quantitatively calculated by an external standard method, and the oxygen yield is mu mol-1The expression and oxygen production rate are respectively mu mol-1.h-1And (4) expressing.
As can be seen from figure 1, the carbon nitride photocatalytic oxygen generation activity is poor, and the activity of the iron oxide/carbon nitride composite photocatalytic material is slightly higher, namely 170 mu mol.g-1.h-1The iron oxide/graphene/carbon nitride composite photocatalytic material is of a ternary heterojunction structure, and the activity of the composite photocatalytic material is the highest and reaches 474 mu mol-1.h-1The activity of the composite photocatalytic material is obviously higher than that of a pure-phase carbon nitride material and an iron oxide/carbon nitride composite photocatalytic material.
It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that many simple derivations or substitutions can be made without inventive effort without departing from the inventive concept. Therefore, simple modifications to the present invention by those skilled in the art according to the present disclosure should be within the scope of the present invention. The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all similar processes and equivalent variations to those of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a composite photocatalytic material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) heat treatment of urea to prepare carbon nitride: under the sealing condition, pyrolyzing urea to obtain a carbon nitride powder material, and cooling for later use;
b) preparation of Fe-MOF material: adding organic acid and ferric salt into an organic solvent, sealing, and carrying out solvent heat treatment to obtain a Fe-MOF material;
c) preparation of Fe-MOF/carbon nitride composite material: dispersing the carbon nitride material prepared in the step a) and the Fe-MOF material prepared in the step b) in an alcohol solvent, and stirring until the alcohol volatilizes to obtain a Fe-MOF/carbon nitride composite material;
d) carrying out heat treatment on the Fe-MOF/carbon nitride composite material: and c), carrying out heat treatment on the Fe-MOF/carbon nitride composite material prepared in the step c) in an inert atmosphere, and cooling to obtain the composite photocatalytic material.
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the organic acid is at least one selected from terephthalic acid, trimesic acid, and imidazole dicarboxylic acid.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the iron salt is selected from at least one of ferric chloride, ferric nitrate, or ferric sulfate.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the iron salt to the organic acid in step b) is (1-3): 1.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent heat-treating in step b) is carried out at a temperature of 90 to 150 ℃ for 12 to 24 hours.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the Fe-MOF material to the carbon nitride material in step c) is 1 (1-6).
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gas of the inert atmosphere in step d) is at least one selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, argon and helium.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heat treatment in step d) is increased at a rate of 2-5 ℃/min, at a temperature of 400-600 ℃ and for a time of 2-5 h.
9. A composite photocatalytic material produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of a composite photocatalytic material, wherein the composite photocatalytic material of claim 9 is used for photocatalytic water decomposition to produce oxygen.
CN202010223496.4A 2020-03-26 2020-03-26 Composite photocatalytic material and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN111330625A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111875031A (en) * 2020-07-21 2020-11-03 上海应用技术大学 Method for synchronously denitrifying and degrading organic pollutants by coupling photocatalytic electrode with denitrifying microbial fuel cell
CN114261955A (en) * 2021-12-03 2022-04-01 海南师范大学 Gelidium derived carbonitrident/porous graphitized carbon and preparation method and application thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106076421A (en) * 2016-06-14 2016-11-09 华东师范大学 A kind of MIL 53 (Fe)/g C3n4the preparation method of nanometer sheet composite photocatalyst material
CN108675431A (en) * 2018-05-17 2018-10-19 北京林业大学 A kind of method that low temperature pyrogenation metal-organic framework prepares porous carbon-coated magnetic nano-hot metal processing composite material
EP3615201A1 (en) * 2017-04-28 2020-03-04 Cambridge Enterprise Limited Composite metal organic framework materials, processes for their manufacture and uses thereof

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106076421A (en) * 2016-06-14 2016-11-09 华东师范大学 A kind of MIL 53 (Fe)/g C3n4the preparation method of nanometer sheet composite photocatalyst material
EP3615201A1 (en) * 2017-04-28 2020-03-04 Cambridge Enterprise Limited Composite metal organic framework materials, processes for their manufacture and uses thereof
CN108675431A (en) * 2018-05-17 2018-10-19 北京林业大学 A kind of method that low temperature pyrogenation metal-organic framework prepares porous carbon-coated magnetic nano-hot metal processing composite material

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Title
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111875031A (en) * 2020-07-21 2020-11-03 上海应用技术大学 Method for synchronously denitrifying and degrading organic pollutants by coupling photocatalytic electrode with denitrifying microbial fuel cell
CN114261955A (en) * 2021-12-03 2022-04-01 海南师范大学 Gelidium derived carbonitrident/porous graphitized carbon and preparation method and application thereof
CN114261955B (en) * 2021-12-03 2024-01-30 海南师范大学 Gelidium amansii derived tri-carbon tetranitride/porous graphitized carbon as well as preparation method and application thereof

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Application publication date: 20200626