CN111330444A - Ammonia injection grating low-speed rotational flow hood and ammonia injection grating - Google Patents

Ammonia injection grating low-speed rotational flow hood and ammonia injection grating Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111330444A
CN111330444A CN202010186218.6A CN202010186218A CN111330444A CN 111330444 A CN111330444 A CN 111330444A CN 202010186218 A CN202010186218 A CN 202010186218A CN 111330444 A CN111330444 A CN 111330444A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
ammonia injection
ammonia
cap body
nozzle
conical surface
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Pending
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CN202010186218.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘博润
李俊颖
申爱军
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Guangzhou Kangdiwei Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
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Guangzhou Kangdiwei Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010186218.6A priority Critical patent/CN111330444A/en
Publication of CN111330444A publication Critical patent/CN111330444A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/90Injecting reactants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/8631Processes characterised by a specific device

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an ammonia injection grating low-speed rotational flow hood and an ammonia injection grating, wherein the ammonia injection grating low-speed rotational flow hood is positioned above a nozzle of the ammonia injection grating and comprises a cap body, the cap body is provided with a bottom conical surface which is large at the top and small at the bottom, and a plurality of spiral airflow guide structures which extend from the middle part of the bottom conical surface are arranged on the bottom conical surface; the support frame is connected with the cap body and the ammonia spraying grid, and a gap is reserved between the bottom conical surface of the cap body and the top of the nozzle. The conical body is arranged to change the ammonia flow from vertical upward to oblique diffusion at a certain angle, so that the flow velocity of the ammonia flow in the vertical direction can be reduced to a certain degree, the spiral boss is used for guiding the ammonia flow, the ammonia flow is rotated and ascended, the flow velocity of the ammonia flow in the vertical direction is further reduced, the mixing time of the ammonia flow and the flue gas is prolonged, and the rotating ammonia flow is favorable for improving the mixing efficiency of the ammonia flow and the flue gas; in addition, the cap body is positioned above the nozzle, so that the blockage caused by the dust deposition falling into the nozzle can be effectively avoided, and the safety and the reliability are realized.

Description

Ammonia injection grating low-speed rotational flow hood and ammonia injection grating
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of denitration equipment, in particular to an ammonia injection grating low-speed rotational flow hood and an ammonia injection grating.
Background
SCR is a flue gas denitration technology which is widely applied and rapidly developed in recent years, and an SCR denitration system is also commonly used in various large-scale thermal power plants. In an SCR denitration system, an ammonia injection grid is generally installed, the ammonia injection grid is designed to divide the cross section of a flue into a plurality of control areas, and each control area is provided with a plurality of injection holes. The ammonia spraying grid comprises an ammonia spraying pipeline, a supporting device, fittings, an ammonia gas distribution device and the like, wherein a nozzle on the ammonia spraying pipeline is a core component.
However, the current nozzle structure generally has the problem that the jet wind speed is too high. At present, the air speed of a nozzle of an ammonia injection grid is generally designed to be 20m/s, the actual ammonia injection amount of each factory is generally larger than the design level along with the strictness of emission indexes, and the air speed of a working nozzle can be improved because the using amount of ammonia is not reduced after part of nozzles are blocked. According to statistics, the air outlet speed of the ammonia injection grid nozzle of each factory generally reaches 20m/s to 40m/s at present, the mixing time of ammonia and flue gas is shortened due to the high air speed, and compared with the air speed of the flue gas, the rigidity of the ammonia is high, so that the mixing effect of the ammonia and the flue gas is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the low-speed rotational flow hood for the ammonia injection grid and the ammonia injection grid, which can change the direction of the sprayed ammonia flow, effectively reduce the vertical flow rate of the ammonia flow and further increase the mixing effect of the ammonia flow and the flue gas.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
in a first aspect, the low-speed rotational flow hood for the ammonia injection grid is positioned above a nozzle of the ammonia injection grid and comprises a cap body, wherein the cap body is provided with a bottom conical surface with a large top and a small bottom, and a plurality of spiral airflow guide structures extending from the middle part of the bottom conical surface are arranged on the bottom conical surface and used for guiding the direction of ammonia airflow;
the support frame is connected with the cap body and the ammonia injection grating, and a gap is reserved between the bottom conical surface of the cap body and the top of the nozzle.
The ammonia injection grid low-speed cyclone hood provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention has at least the following technical effects: the bottom conical surface is arranged to change the ammonia flow from vertical upward to oblique diffusion at a certain angle, so that the flow velocity of the ammonia flow in the vertical direction can be reduced to a certain degree, the ammonia flow is guided by the flow guide structure to rotate and rise, the flow velocity of the ammonia flow in the vertical direction is further reduced, the mixing time of the ammonia flow and the flue gas is prolonged, and the rotating ammonia flow is favorable for improving the mixing efficiency of the ammonia flow and the flue gas; in addition, the cap body is positioned above the nozzle, so that the blockage caused by the dust deposition falling into the nozzle can be effectively avoided, and the safety and the reliability are realized.
With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the airflow directing structure includes a helical boss.
With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the plurality of spiral-shaped bosses are uniformly distributed on the bottom conical surface of the cap body.
With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the cap body is a tapered body with a large top and a small bottom, and the outer peripheral surface of the cap body forms the bottom tapered surface.
With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, a connection position of the support frame and the cap body avoids a bottom conical surface of the cap body.
In a second aspect, an ammonia injection grid comprises a grid body and a low-speed cyclone hood of the ammonia injection grid in any one implementation mode of the first aspect, wherein the grid body is provided with an ammonia injection branch pipe, and a nozzle is arranged on the ammonia injection branch pipe.
The ammonia injection grid according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the invention has at least the following technical effects: through adopting foretell ammonia injection grid low-speed whirl hood, effectively reduced the possibility that the nozzle blockked up on the one hand to reduce the frequency of clearance maintenance of equipment and the life of extension equipment, on the other hand has strengthened the mixed effect of ammonia air current and flue gas, thereby has strengthened the denitration effect of equipment.
With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the axis of the cap is coincident with the axis of the nozzle, and the top surface of the cap has an outer diameter greater than an inner diameter of the nozzle.
With reference to the second aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in certain implementation manners of the second aspect, the horizontal projection of the cap body is within the horizontal longitudinal section of the ammonia injection branch pipe.
With reference to the second aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the spiral directions of the airflow guiding structures of the cap bodies include a left-handed direction and a right-handed direction, a plurality of the nozzles are arranged above the ammonia injection branch pipes, and the spiral directions of the airflow guiding structures of adjacent cap bodies of the same ammonia injection branch pipe are different.
With reference to the second aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in certain implementation manners of the second aspect, the grid body includes a plurality of ammonia injection branch pipes arranged in parallel, and the spiral directions of the gas flow guiding structures of the caps aligned with each other on adjacent ammonia injection branch pipes are different.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention (with the supporting frame removed);
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the first aspect of the present invention connected to an ammonia injection grid;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a nozzle in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a part of an ammonia injection grid according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a simulation of the mixing of ammonia and flue gas as provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing a concentration gradient simulation of the ammonia gas stream mixed with the flue gas according to the second aspect of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means one or more, "a plurality" means two or more, "more than", "less than", "more than" and the like are understood as not including the number; the terms "above", "below", "within" and the like are understood to include the instant numbers.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "provided with", "provided with" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The ammonia injection grid low-speed cyclone hood and the ammonia injection grid with the same according to the embodiment of the invention are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6.
The ammonia injection grid low-speed swirling blast cap according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention is positioned above a nozzle of an ammonia injection grid and comprises a cap body 100 and a support frame 200. The cap body 100 has a bottom conical surface with a large top and a small bottom, and a plurality of spiral airflow guide structures extending from the middle part of the bottom conical surface are arranged on the bottom conical surface and used for guiding the direction of ammonia airflow; the support 200 connects the cap body 100 and the ammonia injection grid and keeps a gap between the bottom conical surface of the cap body 100 and the top of the nozzle.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the bottom end surface of the cap body 100 is conical to reduce the resistance of the ammonia gas flow; the bottom conical surface of the cap body 100 is provided with a plurality of spiral bosses 110, the spiral bosses 110 extend from the middle part of the bottom conical surface of the cap body 100 to the edge of the cap body 100 and are spiral, and a plurality of airflow guide structures are uniformly distributed around the axis of the cap body 100 and do not interfere with each other; the support frames 200 connect the cap body 100 and the nozzle, and it is conceivable that the number of the air flow guide structures and the number of the support frames 200 may be two or more according to the size of the cap body 100, the structure of the nozzle, the actual flow rate of the ammonia gas flow, and the like.
As shown in fig. 5, through setting up the conical cap body 100 in bottom, upwards become to be along the conical surface with the ammonia air current by perpendicular and be certain angle slant diffusion, again through the air current guide structure to the ammonia flow drainage, changed the ammonia air current from the direction that advances after the spout blowout, make the ammonia flow rotatory rise, the vertical direction velocity of flow of effectively having reduced the ammonia air current, thereby the mixing time of ammonia flow with the flue gas has been increased, in addition, rotatory ammonia flow meets with the flue gas, the mixing efficiency between them has effectively been promoted. As shown in figure 2, the cap body is positioned above the nozzle, so that the phenomenon that accumulated dust falls into the nozzle to cause blockage can be effectively avoided, the reliability of the equipment is improved, and the cap body is simple and practical.
The air flow guiding structure may be a boss or a guide groove or a combination of a boss and a guide groove, for example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the air flow guiding structure includes a spiral boss 110, and the spiral boss 110 extends radially along the bottom conical surface of the cap body 100. It will be appreciated that helical boss 110 may be disposed perpendicular to the bottom conical surface or obliquely to the bottom conical surface.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of spiral-shaped bosses 110 are uniformly distributed on the outer circumferential side of the cap body 100. Through the arrangement, the spiral boss 110 has more uniform and effective drainage effect on ammonia gas flow.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the cap body 100 is a cone with a large top and a small bottom, the cap body 100 is a solid or shell structure, and the outer peripheral surface of the cap body 100 forms a bottom cone, so that the structure of the cap body 100 is lighter, and the cost and the molding difficulty are reduced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the connecting positions of the supporting frames 200 and the cap body 100 are away from the bottom conical surface of the cap body 100, for example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the number of the supporting frames 200 is three and are uniformly distributed around the axis of the nozzle, and the supporting frames 200 connect the top surface of the cap body 100 and the upper part of the nozzle to avoid the bottom conical surface and the air flow guiding structure, thereby avoiding the adverse effect on the flow guiding of the ammonia air flow.
The ammonia injection grid according to the second aspect of the invention comprises a grid body 300 and the low-speed cyclone hood of the ammonia injection grid according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the grid body 300 is provided with an ammonia injection branch pipe 310, and the ammonia injection branch pipe 310 is provided with a nozzle 311.
As shown in fig. 4, an ammonia injection branch pipe 310 is disposed above the grid body 300, and a plurality of nozzles 311 are uniformly disposed on the ammonia injection branch pipe 310. It is contemplated that the number of nozzles 311 in the ammonia injection manifold 310 and the number of ammonia injection manifolds 310 in the grid body 300 may be set according to the desired flue gas flow rate to be treated.
As shown in fig. 6, by adopting the ammonia injection grid low-speed cyclone hood, the concentration gradient distribution of the mixed ammonia gas flow and flue gas is uniform, i.e. the ammonia gas flow and flue gas are effectively mixed, thereby realizing a good ammonia gas denitration process.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the axis of the cap 100 coincides with the axis of the nozzle 311, and the top surface of the cap 100 has an outer diameter greater than the inner diameter of the nozzle 311.
As shown in fig. 2, the axis of the cap body 100 is arranged to coincide with the axis of the nozzle 311, so as to achieve better guiding effect of the cap body 100 on the ammonia gas flow and reduce the resistance to the ammonia gas flow; meanwhile, the outer diameter of the top surface of the cap body 100 is larger than the inner diameter of the nozzle 311, that is, the upper part of the nozzle 311 is completely shielded by the cap body 100, thereby effectively preventing dust from falling into the nozzle 311.
In some embodiments of the invention, the horizontal projection of the cap 100 is within the horizontal longitudinal section of the ammonia injection manifold 310.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the nozzle 311 extends vertically upward along the axis of the ammonia injection branch pipe 310, and the axis of the cap body 100 coincides with the axis of the nozzle 311, i.e., the axis of the cap body 100 also intersects with the axis of the ammonia injection branch pipe 310; the external diameter of ammonia injection branch pipe 310 is greater than the external diameter of cap body 100 top surface, makes the horizontal projection of cap body 100 fall on the horizontal longitudinal section scope of ammonia injection branch pipe 310 completely, from the up flow direction down for the flue gas, and the cap body 100 is sheltered from by ammonia injection branch pipe 310 completely, avoids increasing the resistance that meets when the flue gas rises on the one hand, avoids the flue gas to strike cap body 100 on the one hand and makes there be the possibility that the deposition falls into nozzle 311.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the spiral direction of the gas flow guiding structure of the cap body 100 includes a left-hand direction and a right-hand direction, and a plurality of nozzles 311 are arranged above the ammonia injection branch pipe 310, and the spiral direction of the gas flow guiding structure of each adjacent cap body 100 of the same ammonia injection branch pipe 310 is different. Through the crisscross cap body 100 that has the cap body 100 of levogyration air current guide structure and the cap body 100 of dextrorotation air current guide structure that sets up for collision between the ammonia stream of the different nozzles 311 spun of same ammonia injection branch pipe 310 and between ammonia air current and the flue gas is more frequent, thereby makes the mixture more abundant more quick, strengthens the ammonia denitration effect of equipment.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the grid body 300 comprises a plurality of ammonia injection branch pipes 310 arranged in parallel, and the spiral directions of the gas flow guiding structures of the caps 100 aligned with each other on the adjacent ammonia injection branch pipes 310 are different. Specifically, the grid body 300 is provided with a plurality of ammonia injection branch pipes 310 in parallel, the nozzles on each ammonia injection branch pipe 310 are aligned one by one, and the cap bodies 100 aligned with each other on the adjacent ammonia injection branch pipes 310 are provided with airflow guide structures with different spiral directions, so that the ammonia flows sprayed from the nozzles 311 on the different ammonia injection branch pipes 310 and the ammonia flows and the flue gas collide more frequently, thereby enabling the mixing to be more sufficient and faster and enhancing the ammonia denitration effect of the equipment.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "example," "an embodiment," or "some embodiments," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an ammonia injection grid low-speed whirl hood, is located the nozzle top of ammonia injection grid, its characterized in that includes:
the ammonia gas flow guiding structure comprises a cap body (100), wherein the cap body (100) is provided with a bottom conical surface which is large in top and small in bottom, and a plurality of spiral gas flow guiding structures which extend from the middle part of the bottom conical surface are arranged on the bottom conical surface and used for guiding the direction of ammonia gas flow;
the support frame (200) is connected with the cap body (100) and the ammonia spraying grid, and a gap is reserved between the bottom conical surface of the cap body (100) and the top of the nozzle.
2. The ammonia injection grid low velocity swirl hood of claim 1, wherein the gas flow directing structure comprises a helical boss (110).
3. The ammonia injection grid low-speed cyclone hood according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of spiral bosses (110) are uniformly distributed on the bottom conical surface of the cap body (100).
4. The ammonia injection grid low-speed cyclone hood according to claim 1, wherein the cap body (100) is a conical body with a large top and a small bottom, and the outer peripheral surface of the cap body (100) forms the bottom conical surface.
5. The ammonia injection grid low-speed cyclone hood according to claim 1, wherein the connection position of the support frame (200) and the hood body (100) avoids the bottom conical surface of the hood body (100).
6. An ammonia injection grid, comprising: the ammonia injection grid low-speed cyclone blast cap comprises a grid body (300) and the ammonia injection grid low-speed cyclone blast cap of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the grid body (300) is provided with an ammonia injection branch pipe (310), and a nozzle (311) is arranged on the ammonia injection branch pipe (310).
7. The ammonia injection grid according to claim 6, wherein the axis of the cap (100) coincides with the axis of the nozzle (311), and the top surface of the cap (100) has an outer diameter greater than the inner diameter of the nozzle (311).
8. The ammonia injection grid according to claim 6, wherein the horizontal projection of the cap (100) is within the horizontal longitudinal section of the ammonia injection manifold (310).
9. The ammonia injection grid according to claim 6, wherein the spiral direction of the gas flow guiding structure of the caps (100) comprises a left-hand direction and a right-hand direction, and a plurality of nozzles (311) are arranged above the ammonia injection branch pipe (310), and the spiral direction of the gas flow guiding structure of each adjacent cap (100) of the same ammonia injection branch pipe (310) is different.
10. The ammonia injection grid according to claim 6, wherein the grid body (300) comprises a plurality of ammonia injection branch pipes (310) arranged in parallel, and the spiral directions of the gas flow guiding structures of the caps (100) aligned with each other on the adjacent ammonia injection branch pipes (310) are different.
CN202010186218.6A 2020-03-17 2020-03-17 Ammonia injection grating low-speed rotational flow hood and ammonia injection grating Pending CN111330444A (en)

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CN202010186218.6A CN111330444A (en) 2020-03-17 2020-03-17 Ammonia injection grating low-speed rotational flow hood and ammonia injection grating

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CN202010186218.6A CN111330444A (en) 2020-03-17 2020-03-17 Ammonia injection grating low-speed rotational flow hood and ammonia injection grating

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114053869A (en) * 2020-07-30 2022-02-18 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华中电力试验研究院 Ammonia spraying grid nozzle and ammonia spraying grid system
CN115624862A (en) * 2022-10-13 2023-01-20 大唐长春第三热电厂 Automatic ammonia spraying grid

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114053869A (en) * 2020-07-30 2022-02-18 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华中电力试验研究院 Ammonia spraying grid nozzle and ammonia spraying grid system
CN115624862A (en) * 2022-10-13 2023-01-20 大唐长春第三热电厂 Automatic ammonia spraying grid
CN115624862B (en) * 2022-10-13 2023-08-18 大唐长春第三热电厂 Automatic change ammonia injection grid

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