CN111326832B - Metal/air battery pack - Google Patents

Metal/air battery pack Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111326832B
CN111326832B CN201811535995.6A CN201811535995A CN111326832B CN 111326832 B CN111326832 B CN 111326832B CN 201811535995 A CN201811535995 A CN 201811535995A CN 111326832 B CN111326832 B CN 111326832B
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China
Prior art keywords
battery pack
electric control
control unit
outlet
shell
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CN201811535995.6A
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CN111326832A (en
Inventor
王二东
刘敏
孙公权
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M12/00Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M12/04Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
    • H01M12/06Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode

Abstract

The invention relates to a metal/air battery system, in particular to a metal/air battery pack, which comprises an electric control unit and a battery pack unit, wherein the two opposite sides of the battery pack unit shell are respectively provided with a gas path inlet and a gas path outlet which are communicated with each air cavity inlet and outlet of a single battery, the gas path inlet and the gas path outlet are respectively covered with a gas path inlet sealing element and a gas path outlet sealing element, and the gas path inlet sealing element and the gas path outlet sealing element are connected through a structural connecting piece; the battery pack unit is movably connected with the electric control unit, and when the battery pack unit and the electric control unit are connected, the gas circuit inlet sealing piece is separated from the gas circuit inlet, so that the structural connecting piece is driven to connect and move, the gas circuit outlet sealing piece is separated from the gas circuit outlet, and the battery pack gas circuit inlet and the gas circuit outlet are simultaneously communicated with the atmosphere. Aiming at the disposable use mode of the zinc-air battery pack, the invention designs the quick connection and separation between the electric control chamber and the battery pack, and the synchronous opening and closing of the air passage of the battery, thereby realizing the quick replacement in the use mode and the independent sealed storage of the battery pack.

Description

Metal/air battery pack
Technical Field
The invention relates to a metal/air battery system, in particular to a metal/air battery system with rapid energy supplement.
Background
A metal/air cell is an electrochemical reaction device which uses metal (such as magnesium, aluminum, zinc and the like) as anode fuel, oxygen in air as an oxidant and alkali liquor or salt solution as electrolyte. The metal/air battery has the obvious advantage of high specific energy, so the metal/air battery has wide application prospect in various fields of movable power supplies such as field emergency power supplies, lighting power supplies, reserve power supplies and the like in China.
Metal/air batteries are generally classified into primary batteries and mechanical replacement batteries. The service life of a primary cell mainly depends on the capacity of anode fuel, and is generally dozens of hours; the service life of a mechanically replaceable battery is mainly determined by the service life of the battery pack, mainly the service life of the cathode, which can reach nearly thousands of hours at present. However, the battery is generally equipped with a control component, and the service life of the electronic control unit is generally much longer than tens of hours to thousands of hours. Therefore, the two usage modes will cause a certain waste of resources and increase the usage cost of the battery.
Another characteristic of metal/air batteries is that sufficient air (oxygen) is required for the reaction, but during storage, if the electrode surface contacts too much air, the battery self-discharge, moisture imbalance and electrolyte carbonation can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the metal/air battery which can realize the quick replacement of the battery pack unit and the quick opening and closing of the air cavity of the battery pack, realizes the recycling of the battery electric control unit, realizes the sealed storage of the battery, reduces the use cost of the metal/air battery, and improves the storage life and the use convenience of a battery system.
A metal/air battery comprises an electric control unit, a battery pack unit, a gas path inlet sealing element, a gas path outlet sealing element and a structural connecting element;
the metal/air battery pack is formed by connecting a shell and N single cells in series, parallel or series-parallel, wherein air cavities with flow channels and comprising an inlet and an outlet are arranged among the single cells in the battery pack;
the battery pack comprises a battery pack output end electric connecting piece;
the single cell comprises a single cell shell, a metal anode, two air cathodes and an electrolyte cavity, wherein the metal anode is vertical to the bottom of the single cell shell, the two air cathodes are arranged on two opposite sides of the cell shell and are parallel to the metal anode, and the electrolyte cavity is formed by the single cell shell, the metal anode and the air cathodes and contains electrolyte;
the electric control unit comprises an electric control unit shell, a functional module, a fan, a baffle, an electric connection piece at the input end of the electric control unit and an electric output end;
the electric connection piece at the input end of the electric control unit can be a positive and negative two groups of current collecting female seats consisting of elastic current collecting sheets, or two quick connector sockets/jacks are fixedly connected to be connected with a control device;
the functional module is a combination containing one or more of a voltage stabilizing module, an electric quantity counting module, an overvoltage, undervoltage and short-circuit protection module and a fan, and is combined with a control circuit to form an electric control board, so that one or more of the functions of voltage stabilization, electric quantity counting, overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection, short-circuit protection and the like are combined;
the gas path inlet sealing element is a plane baffle plate, one side of the plane baffle plate completely covers the surface of the gas path inlet of the battery pack, sealing materials are arranged on the plane baffle plate, and the other side of the plane baffle plate is a plane baffle plate or a bulge forming a certain angle with the plane baffle plate;
the gas inlet sealing piece and the battery pack shell can rotate through a rotating shaft or slide through a slide way, so that the sealing piece is in contact with or separated from the surface of the gas path inlet of the battery pack to be exposed;
the rotation or movement of the gas inlet sealing element is inserted or pulled out through the electric control unit, and the baffle is contacted with the plane baffle on the other side of the gas path inlet sealing element;
the gas outlet sealing element is a plane baffle plate which completely covers the surface of the gas outlet of the battery pack, and sealing materials are arranged on the plane baffle plate to realize the sealing of the gas path of the battery pack;
the gas inlet seal is connected with the gas outlet seal through a structural connecting piece;
the structural connector may be a movable cord or linkage disposed on the battery pack housing;
the gas outlet sealing element covers or is separated from the surface of the gas outlet of the battery pack through the displacement of the connecting mechanism, so that the outlet of the battery pack is sealed to be exposed;
the battery pack is provided with a current collecting sheet or a current collecting connector which is matched with the electric connector at the input end of the electric control unit;
the electronic control unit and the battery component realize rapid positioning and position movement through a slideway;
the electric control unit and the battery component are fastened or separated through locking, buckling, mechanical fastening and the like;
elastic elements such as springs can be arranged between the electric control unit and the battery pack, so that the electric control chamber and the battery pack can be quickly separated;
the sealing material can be rubber, plastic, ceramic, graphite, composite materials (such as rubber-asbestos board, aerogel felt-polyurethane) and the like;
aiming at the problems, the invention provides the metal/air battery which can realize the quick replacement of the battery pack unit and the quick opening and closing of the air cavity of the battery pack, realizes the recycling of the battery electric control unit, realizes the sealed storage of the battery, reduces the use cost of the metal/air battery, and improves the storage life and the use convenience of a battery system.
Aiming at the disposable use mode of the zinc-air battery pack, the invention designs the quick connection and separation between the electric control chamber and the battery pack, and the synchronous opening and closing of the air passage of the battery, thereby realizing the quick replacement in the use mode and the independent sealed storage of the battery pack.
Compared with the prior art, the metal/air battery system has the following advantages:
(1) the battery electronic control unit is repeatedly utilized, and the use cost and the use convenience of the battery system are effectively reduced;
(2) the sealed storage of the battery system is realized, and the storage life of the battery system is effectively prolonged; the metal/air battery endurance use process is simplified, and the electrolyte and the product are easy to discharge and replace;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an electric control unit of a metal/air battery
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a metal/air cell battery pack
FIG. 3 schematic diagram of structure for electric control and rapid assembly of battery pack of metal/air battery
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure for quickly assembling and closing an electric control and battery pack of a metal/air battery
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal/air battery electric control and battery pack quick assembly 2
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure for closing the metal/air battery electric control and battery pack quick assembly
In the figure, 1-electrical control housing, 2-functional module, 3-input electrical connection, 4-baffle, 5-output electrical connection, 6-battery housing, 7-single battery, 8-battery inlet, 9-battery outlet, 10-battery inlet seal, 11-battery outlet seal, 12-structural connection, 13-battery output electrical connection, 14-electrical control unit, 15-battery, 16-fan, 17-spring, 18-fastening structure.
Detailed Description
A metal/air battery pack comprises an electric control unit and a battery pack unit, wherein the battery pack unit is formed by connecting a shell and N single cells arranged in the shell in series, parallel or series-parallel in series-parallel, and air cavities with flow channels and comprising an inlet and an outlet are arranged among the single cells in the battery pack unit;
the single cell comprises a single cell shell, a metal anode, two air cathodes and an electrolyte cavity, wherein the metal anode is vertical to the bottom of the single cell shell, the two air cathodes are arranged on two opposite sides of the cell shell and are parallel to the metal anode, and the electrolyte cavity is formed by the single cell shell, the metal anode and the air cathodes and contains electrolyte;
the battery pack unit comprises a battery pack unit shell, a gas circuit inlet, a gas circuit outlet, a gas circuit inlet sealing piece and a gas circuit outlet sealing piece, wherein the gas circuit inlet and the gas circuit outlet are respectively covered with a gas circuit inlet sealing piece and a gas circuit outlet sealing piece;
the battery pack unit is connected with the electric control unit in a sliding mode, when the battery pack unit and the electric control unit are connected, the gas circuit inlet sealing piece is separated from the gas circuit inlet, the structural connecting piece is driven to be connected and moved, the gas circuit outlet sealing piece is separated from the gas circuit outlet, and the battery pack gas circuit inlet and the gas circuit outlet are simultaneously communicated with the atmosphere.
The gas path inlet sealing piece is a plane baffle plate, one side of the plane baffle plate can completely cover the surface of the gas path inlet of the battery pack, sealing materials are arranged on the plane baffle plate and face the inlet side of the gas path, and the other side of the plane baffle plate is a surface with a bulge;
the gas inlet sealing piece is connected with the battery pack shell in a sliding mode through a sliding way arranged on the shell, and the sealing piece is in contact sealing with or separated from the surface of the shell at the peripheral edge of the gas path inlet of the battery pack through reciprocating movement of the sealing piece.
The rotation or the sliding of the gas inlet sealing piece is controlled by the sliding of the electric control unit, and the shell of the electric control unit is abutted against the other side surface of the gas path inlet sealing piece.
The gas outlet sealing element is a plane baffle plate which completely covers the surface of the gas outlet of the battery pack, and sealing material is arranged on the plane baffle plate towards the outlet side of the gas path, so that the gas path at the outlet of the battery pack is sealed; through setting up the slide sliding connection on the shell between gas outlet sealing member and the group battery shell, the reciprocating displacement that gas outlet sealing member passed through structural connection spare drive covers or breaks away from the gaseous export surface of group battery, realizes sealing in exposing of group battery export.
The structural connection is a movable linkage disposed on the battery pack housing.
The battery pack unit is connected with the electric control unit in a sliding mode, and specifically comprises the following steps: a sliding groove is arranged on the battery pack unit, and the electric control unit can slide in the sliding groove; the rotation or sliding of the gas inlet sealing piece is controlled by the insertion or extraction of an electric control unit; the electric control unit is quickly positioned and moved by sliding.
The electric control unit is connected with the battery pack unit and then fastened through a lock catch;
and an elastic element is arranged between the electric control unit and the battery pack unit, so that the electric control unit and the battery pack are quickly separated.
The electric control unit comprises an input end electric connector; and an output end electric connecting piece matched with the electric connecting piece at the input end of the electric control unit for use is arranged on the battery pack unit in the attaching direction with the electric control unit.
The electric connection pieces at the input end of the electric control unit are positive and negative two groups of current collecting female seats consisting of elastic current collecting pieces, and the electric connection pieces at the output end are current collecting pieces.
The sealing material is rubber.
The electric control unit comprises an electric control unit shell, a functional module arranged in the shell, a fan with an air outlet facing the air path inlet, a baffle between the functional module and the fan, an electric control unit input end connector and an electric control unit output end connector.
The function module is a voltage stabilizing module, an electric quantity counting module, an overvoltage, undervoltage and short-circuit protection module, and the function module and the control circuit are combined into an electric control board to realize the functions of voltage stabilization, electric quantity counting, overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection, short-circuit protection and the like.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 2, in the initial state, the battery inlet sealing member (10) is fixed outside the battery inlet (8) and is in sealing fit with the battery, and the battery outlet sealing member (11) is fixed on the housing at the battery outlet (9) and is in fit with the battery, so that the battery is in a wind-tight state. When the device is used, as shown in fig. 4, after the electric control unit (14) is in butt joint with the battery pack (15), the electric control unit (14) moves downwards, the electric control unit (14) drives the battery pack inlet sealing piece (10) to rotate along the rotating shaft, then the electric control unit is separated from the surface of the battery pack inlet to expose the surface of the battery pack inlet, meanwhile, the electric control unit rotates to drive the structure connecting piece soft rope (12) to move, the battery pack outlet sealing piece is separated from the outlet of the battery pack to expose the outlet of the battery pack, and finally, the electric control unit is fixed with the battery pack (15) through the fastening structure (18).
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 5, in the initial state, the battery inlet sealing member (10) is acted by the spring (17), fixed at the battery inlet (8) and in sealing fit with the battery, and the battery outlet sealing member (11) is fixed on the housing at the battery outlet (9) and in fit with the battery, so that the battery is in a wind-tight state. When the device is used, as shown in fig. 6, after the electric control unit (14) is in butt joint with the battery pack (15), the electric control unit (4) moves downwards, the electric control unit (4) drives the battery pack inlet sealing piece (10) to slide along the moving direction, then the electric control unit is separated from the surface of the battery pack air inlet, the surface of the battery pack air inlet is exposed, meanwhile, the electric control unit rotates, meanwhile, the structure connecting piece soft rope (12) is driven to move, the battery pack outlet sealing piece is separated from the outlet of the battery pack, the outlet of the battery pack is exposed, and finally, the electric control unit is fixed with the battery pack (15) through the.

Claims (12)

1. A metal/air battery pack comprises an electric control unit and a battery pack unit, wherein the battery pack unit comprises a shell and N single cells arranged in the shell, N is an integer larger than or equal to 1, the single cells are connected in series, in parallel or in series-parallel, and air cavities with flow channels and comprising an inlet and an outlet are arranged among the single cells in the battery pack unit;
the single cell comprises a single cell shell, a metal anode, two air cathodes and an electrolyte cavity, wherein the metal anode is vertical to the bottom of the single cell shell, the two air cathodes are arranged on two opposite sides of the cell shell and are parallel to the metal anode, and the electrolyte cavity is formed by the single cell shell, the metal anode and the air cathodes and contains electrolyte; the method is characterized in that:
the battery pack unit comprises a battery pack unit shell, a gas circuit inlet, a gas circuit outlet, a gas circuit inlet sealing piece and a gas circuit outlet sealing piece, wherein the gas circuit inlet and the gas circuit outlet are respectively covered with a gas circuit inlet sealing piece and a gas circuit outlet sealing piece;
the battery pack unit is movably connected with the electric control unit, and when the battery pack unit and the electric control unit are connected, the gas circuit inlet sealing piece is separated from the gas circuit inlet, so that the structural connecting piece is driven to connect and move, the gas circuit outlet sealing piece is separated from the gas circuit outlet, and the battery pack gas circuit inlet and the gas circuit outlet are simultaneously communicated with the atmosphere.
2. The metal/air battery according to claim 1, wherein:
the gas path inlet sealing piece is a plane baffle plate, one side of the plane baffle plate can completely cover the surface of the gas path inlet of the battery pack, a sealing material is arranged on the plane baffle plate and faces the inlet side of the gas path, and the other side of the plane baffle plate is a plane with a certain angle or a surface with a bulge;
the gas path inlet sealing element and the battery pack shell can be rotatably connected through a rotating shaft arranged on the shell or are in sliding connection through a slide rail arranged on the shell, and the sealing element and the surface of the shell at the peripheral edge of the gas path inlet of the battery pack are in contact sealing or separated from each other to be exposed through the reciprocating movement of the sealing element.
3. The metal/air battery according to claim 2, wherein:
the battery pack unit is movably connected with the electric control unit, specifically in a sliding connection manner;
the rotation or the sliding of the gas path inlet sealing piece is controlled by the sliding of the electric control unit, and the shell of the electric control unit is abutted against the other side surface of the gas path inlet sealing piece.
4. The metal/air battery according to claim 1, wherein:
the gas path outlet sealing element is a plane baffle plate which completely covers the surface of the gas outlet of the battery pack, and sealing material is arranged on the plane baffle plate towards the outlet side of the gas path to realize the sealing of the gas path at the outlet of the battery pack; the gas circuit outlet sealing piece is rotatably connected with the battery pack shell through a rotating shaft arranged on the shell or is in sliding connection with a slide rail arranged on the shell, and the gas circuit outlet sealing piece covers or is separated from the surface of a gas outlet of the battery pack through reciprocating displacement driven by the structural connecting piece, so that the outlet of the battery pack is sealed and exposed.
5. A metal/air battery according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that:
the structural connecting piece is a movable soft rope or a connecting rod mechanism arranged on the battery pack shell.
6. A metal/air battery according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the battery pack unit is connected with the electric control unit in a sliding mode, and specifically comprises the following steps: a sliding groove is arranged on the battery pack unit, and the electric control unit can slide in the sliding groove; or one of the battery pack unit and the electric control unit is provided with a corresponding guide rail or slide way, and the other one is provided with a slide block which is in sliding connection with the guide rail or slide way, so that the battery pack unit and the electric control unit can slide relatively;
the rotation or the sliding of the gas path inlet sealing element is controlled by the insertion or the extraction of the electric control unit; the electric control unit is quickly positioned and moved by sliding.
7. The metal/air battery according to claim 1, wherein:
the electric control unit is connected with the battery pack unit and then fastened or separated through one or more than two mechanical fastening modes;
or an elastic element is arranged between the electric control unit and the battery pack unit, so that the electric control unit and the battery pack are quickly separated.
8. A metal/air battery according to claim 1 or 3, wherein:
the electric control unit comprises an input end electric connector; and an output end electric connecting piece matched with the electric connecting piece at the input end of the electric control unit for use is arranged on the battery pack unit in the attaching direction with the electric control unit.
9. The metal/air battery according to claim 8, wherein:
the electric connection pieces at the input end of the electric control unit are a positive and negative two groups of current collecting female seats consisting of elastic current collecting pieces or are fixedly connected with two quick connector sockets/jacks; the electric connector at the output end is a current collecting sheet or a current collecting connector.
10. A metal/air battery according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that:
the sealing material is one of rubber, plastic, ceramic, graphite, a rubber-asbestos plate composite material and an aerogel felt-polyurethane composite material.
11. The metal/air battery according to claim 1, wherein: the electric control unit comprises an electric control unit shell, a functional module arranged in the shell, a fan with an air outlet facing the air path inlet, a baffle between the functional module and the fan, an electric control unit input end connector and an electric control unit output end connector.
12. The metal/air battery according to claim 11, wherein:
the function module is a combination containing one or more of a voltage stabilizing module, an electric quantity counting module and an overvoltage, undervoltage and short-circuit protection module, and the function module and the control circuit are combined into an electric control board to realize the combination of one or more of voltage stabilizing, electric quantity counting, overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection and short-circuit protection functions.
CN201811535995.6A 2018-12-14 2018-12-14 Metal/air battery pack Active CN111326832B (en)

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CN111326832B true CN111326832B (en) 2021-03-12

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US8423215B2 (en) * 2010-08-10 2013-04-16 Tesla Motors, Inc. Charge rate modulation of metal-air cells as a function of ambient oxygen concentration
JP6041252B2 (en) * 2012-03-09 2016-12-07 日産自動車株式会社 Air battery cartridge and air battery system
CN103531832B (en) * 2013-09-26 2017-11-03 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 Electric automobile and its aluminum air battery system
CN105789737B (en) * 2014-12-19 2018-09-04 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 A kind of metal-air batteries group
CN106898846B (en) * 2015-12-18 2019-07-05 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 A kind of air flow channel integrated metal/air cell group
KR102575868B1 (en) * 2016-01-14 2023-09-06 후지쿠라 컴퍼지트 가부시키가이샤 Metal-air cell unit and metal-air cell
CN205692940U (en) * 2016-06-23 2016-11-16 河北工业大学 A kind of vertical electrode zinc and air cell group
CN108172948B (en) * 2016-12-07 2021-02-09 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Metal/air battery system
CN108172949B (en) * 2016-12-07 2020-07-21 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Metal/air battery system
CN108736048A (en) * 2018-05-07 2018-11-02 清华大学 The closing method and metal air fuel cell system of metal air fuel cell

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