CN111326771A - Fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and control system thereof - Google Patents

Fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and control system thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111326771A
CN111326771A CN202010203272.7A CN202010203272A CN111326771A CN 111326771 A CN111326771 A CN 111326771A CN 202010203272 A CN202010203272 A CN 202010203272A CN 111326771 A CN111326771 A CN 111326771A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
voltage
control unit
clamping function
control system
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Pending
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CN202010203272.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
文文
郝义国
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Zhongji hydrogen energy automobile (Changzhi) Co.,Ltd.
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Wuhan Grove Hydrogen Energy Automobile Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to CN202010203272.7A priority Critical patent/CN111326771A/en
Publication of CN111326771A publication Critical patent/CN111326771A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04858—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04865—Voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and a control system thereof, which specifically comprises: the system comprises a fuel cell system, a DC/DC, a power system control unit, a vehicle control unit and a driving motor; the fuel cell system is used for converting fuel into electric energy; the DC/DC is used for stabilizing the bus voltage; the power system control unit is used for controlling the working mode of the DC/DC; the vehicle control unit is used for sending a control command; the driving motor is used for driving the automobile to run; the fuel cell system is electrically connected with the DC/DC; the DC/DC is electrically connected with the power system control unit and the driving motor respectively; the vehicle control unit is electrically connected with the power system control unit; the invention has the beneficial effects that: a control strategy capable of reducing the open-circuit voltage of the fuel cell and a corresponding DCDC structure are provided, so that the open-circuit voltage of the fuel cell system can be reduced when the fuel cell system is operated in an open circuit mode, and the service life of the fuel cell system is prolonged.

Description

Fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and control system thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fuel cell control, in particular to a fuel cell DC/DC with a voltage clamping function and a control system thereof.
Background
The lower the output current of the fuel cell system, the higher the voltage, the lowest the current when the cell is in an open circuit state, the highest the voltage at this time, about 1.0V of the single cell, when the voltage of the single cell is higher than 0.85V, the carbon corrosion of the fuel cell can be caused, and the agglomeration can be formed to influence the service life of the fuel cell. Therefore, the voltage during open circuit can be effectively controlled, and the service life of the fuel cell can be effectively prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and a control system thereof.
The invention provides a fuel cell DC/DC with a voltage clamping function and a control system thereof, comprising the following steps:
the system comprises a fuel cell system, a DC/DC, a power system control unit and a whole vehicle controller; the fuel cell system is used for converting fuel into electric energy; the DC/DC is used for stabilizing the bus voltage; the power system control unit is used for controlling the working mode of the DC/DC; the vehicle control unit is used for sending a control command; the driving motor is used for driving the automobile to run; the fuel cell system is electrically connected with the DC/DC; the DC/DC is electrically connected with the power system control unit and the driving motor respectively; and the vehicle control unit is electrically connected with the power system control unit.
Further, the fuel cell system includes: a VCM and a fuel cell stack; the VCM is electrically connected to the fuel cell stack and measures each cell voltage of the fuel cell stack.
Further, the fuel of the fuel cell stack is hydrogen.
Further, the DC/DC converter is any bidirectional DC converter having a voltage clamping function.
Further, the DC/DC operation mode includes a normal operation mode, a constant voltage mode and a shutdown mode.
Further, the working principle of the fuel cell DC/DC with the voltage clamping function and the control system thereof is as follows:
s101: when the automobile normally runs, the fuel cell stack generates output power to the DC/DC according to the load;
s102: the whole vehicle controller gives a bus voltage value and sends a control instruction to keep the bus voltage unchanged;
s103: the power system control unit receives a control command from the vehicle control unit and issues a command to the DC/DC according to the command;
s104: because the total output voltage of the fuel cell stack generating output power according to the load is generally smaller than a given bus voltage value, the DC/DC works in a normal operation mode after receiving the command of the power system control unit, boosts the voltage, stabilizes the output voltage, and keeps the output voltage consistent with the bus voltage.
Further, according to the fuel cell DC/DC with the voltage clamping function and the control system thereof, when the vehicle control unit sends a shutdown instruction, the power system control unit receives the shutdown instruction from the vehicle control unit and issues a command to the DC/DC, the DC/DC is switched to a constant voltage mode, the total output voltage of the fuel cell stack is enabled not to exceed a preset total output voltage threshold value α, and when the VCM detects that the total output voltage of the fuel cell stack is smaller than β, the DC/DC is switched to the shutdown mode.
The fuel cell DC/DC with the voltage clamping function and the control system thereof also comprise a driving motor, wherein the DC/DC is electrically connected with the driving motor; the high-voltage direct current output by the DC/DC is directly used for driving the motor to rotate so as to drive the automobile to run.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: a control strategy capable of reducing the open-circuit voltage of the fuel cell and a corresponding DCDC structure are provided, so that the open-circuit voltage of the fuel cell system can be reduced when the fuel cell system is operated in an open circuit mode, and the service life of the fuel cell system is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and its control system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flow chart of a fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and a control system thereof, which specifically includes:
the system comprises a fuel cell system 1, a DC/DC2, a power system control unit 3 and a vehicle control unit 4; the fuel cell system 1 is for converting fuel into electric energy; the DC/DC2 is used for stabilizing the bus voltage; the power system control unit 3 is used for controlling the working mode of the DC/DC 2; the vehicle control unit 4 is used for sending a control command; the driving motor 5 is used for driving the automobile to run; the fuel cell system 1 is electrically connected with the DC/DC 2; the DC/DC2 is respectively and electrically connected with the power system control unit 3 and the driving motor 5; and the vehicle control unit 4 is electrically connected with the power system control unit 3.
The fuel cell system 1 includes: VCM11 and fuel cell stack 12; the VCM11 is electrically connected to the fuel cell stack 12 and measures the voltage across each cell of the fuel cell stack 12.
The fuel of the fuel cell stack is hydrogen.
The DC/DC2 is any bidirectional DC converter having a voltage clamping function.
The operating modes of the DC/DC2 include a normal operating mode, a constant voltage mode, and a shutdown mode.
The working principle of the fuel cell DC/DC with the voltage clamping function and the control system thereof is as follows:
s101: when the automobile runs normally, the fuel cell stack 12 generates output power to the DC/DC2 according to the load;
s102: the whole vehicle controller 4 gives a bus voltage value and sends a control instruction to keep the bus voltage unchanged;
s103: the power system control unit 3 receives a control command from the vehicle control unit 4, and issues a command to the DC/DC2 according to the command;
s104: since the total output voltage of the fuel cell stack 12 generating the output power according to the load is generally smaller than the given bus voltage value, the DC/DC2 operates in the normal operation mode, boosts the voltage, stabilizes the output voltage, and maintains the output voltage to be consistent with the bus voltage after receiving the command from the power system control unit 3.
According to the fuel cell DC/DC with the voltage clamping function and the control system thereof, when the vehicle control unit 4 sends a shutdown instruction, the power system control unit 3 receives the shutdown instruction from the vehicle control unit 4 and issues a command to the DC/DC2, the DC/DC2 is switched to a constant voltage mode, so that the total output voltage of the fuel cell stack 12 does not exceed a preset total output voltage threshold α, and when the VCM11 detects that the total output voltage of the fuel cell stack 12 is less than β, the DC/DC2 is switched to the shutdown mode.
The fuel cell DC/DC with the voltage clamping function and the control system thereof further comprise a driving motor 5, wherein the DC/DC2 is electrically connected with the driving motor 5; the high-voltage direct current output by the DC/DC2 directly drives the motor 5 to rotate so as to drive the automobile to run.
When the whole vehicle runs, the output voltage of the fuel cell stack also changes due to the change of the output power, but the bus voltage cannot change, so that the DC/DC2 is needed to stabilize the total output voltage or keep the voltage to change slightly, and current load is carried out according to the requirement of the output power.
During normal shutdown, the fuel cell stack 12 is not pulled, and DC/DC2 is turned off. At this time, the fuel cell stack 12 still maintains a certain open-circuit voltage (current is 0) due to the residual gas. The following reaction occurs when the voltage is above a certain voltage threshold (0.85V)
C+H2O—CO2+H++e-The catalyst is corroded.
In this embodiment, if the power system control unit 3 receives the shutdown command from the vehicle controller 4, it does not directly turn off the DC/DC2, but switches the DC/DC2 to the constant voltage mode, so as to stabilize the voltage at the input end (the DC/DC generally has this function by default, but is not used in the fuel cell system), so that the total output voltage of the fuel cell stack 12 is not higher than the voltage threshold, generally N × 0.85V, N is the number of cells, and the specific voltage may be adjusted according to the actual situation. Therefore, the corrosion is reduced, and as the amount of the participating gases in the fuel cell stack is reduced, the total output voltage of the fuel cell stack is gradually reduced, and when the total output voltage is lower than 0.85V, the DC/DC is switched to the shutdown mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: a control strategy capable of reducing the open-circuit voltage of the fuel cell and a corresponding DCDC structure are provided, so that the open-circuit voltage of the fuel cell system can be reduced when the fuel cell system is operated in an open circuit mode, and the service life of the fuel cell system is prolonged.
The features of the embodiments and embodiments described herein above may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (9)

1. A fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and a control system thereof are characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps: the system comprises a fuel cell system (1), a DC/DC (2), a power system control unit (3) and a vehicle control unit (4); the fuel cell system (1) is used for converting fuel into electric energy; the DC/DC (2) is used for stabilizing the bus voltage; the power system control unit (3) is used for controlling the working mode of the DC/DC (2); the vehicle control unit (4) is used for sending out a control command; the driving motor (5) is used for driving the automobile to run; the fuel cell system (1) is electrically connected with the DC/DC (2); the DC/DC (2) is respectively and electrically connected with the power system control unit (3) and the driving motor (5); and the vehicle control unit (4) is electrically connected with the power system control unit (3).
2. The fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and the control system thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fuel cell system (1) includes: a VCM (11) and a fuel cell stack (12); the VCM (11) is electrically connected to the fuel cell stack (12), and each cell voltage of the fuel cell stack (12) is measured.
3. The fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and the control system thereof as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the fuel of the fuel cell stack is hydrogen.
4. The fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and the control system thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the DC/DC (2) is any bidirectional DC converter with a voltage clamping function.
5. The fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and the control system thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the working modes of the DC/DC (2) comprise a normal running mode, a constant voltage mode and a shutdown mode.
6. The fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and the control system thereof as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the working principle of the fuel cell DC/DC with the voltage clamping function and the control system thereof is as follows:
s101: when the automobile runs normally, the fuel cell stack (12) generates output power to the DC/DC (2) according to the load;
s102: the whole vehicle controller (4) gives a bus voltage value and sends a control instruction to keep the bus voltage unchanged;
s103: the power system control unit (3) receives a control command from the vehicle control unit (4), and issues a command to the DC/DC (2) according to the command;
s104: because the total output voltage of the fuel cell stack (12) generating output power according to the load is generally smaller than a given bus voltage value, the DC/DC (2) works in a normal operation mode after receiving a command of the power system control unit (3), boosts the voltage, stabilizes the output voltage, and keeps the output voltage consistent with the bus voltage.
7. The fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and the control system thereof as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
according to the fuel cell DC/DC with the voltage clamping function and the control system thereof, when a vehicle control unit (4) sends a shutdown instruction, a power system control unit (3) receives the shutdown instruction from the vehicle control unit (4) and issues an instruction to the DC/DC (2), the DC/DC (2) is switched to a constant voltage mode, the total output voltage of a fuel cell stack (12) does not exceed a preset total output voltage threshold value α, and when a VCM (11) detects that the total output voltage of the fuel cell stack (12) is smaller than β, the DC/DC (2) is switched to the shutdown mode.
8. The fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and the control system thereof as claimed in claim 7, wherein the total output voltage threshold is a preset value α, and the calculation formula is as follows:
α＝N×β
wherein N is the number of single cells of the fuel cell stack (12), and β is the single output voltage threshold of the single cells of the fuel cell stack (12), and the value range is 0 to 1, excluding the end point value.
9. The fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and the control system thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fuel cell DC/DC with the voltage clamping function and the control system thereof also comprise a driving motor (5), wherein the DC/DC (2) is electrically connected with the driving motor (5); the high-voltage direct current output by the DC/DC (2) is directly driven by the driving motor (5) to rotate so as to drive the automobile to run.
CN202010203272.7A 2020-03-21 2020-03-21 Fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and control system thereof Pending CN111326771A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010203272.7A CN111326771A (en) 2020-03-21 2020-03-21 Fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and control system thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010203272.7A CN111326771A (en) 2020-03-21 2020-03-21 Fuel cell DC/DC with voltage clamping function and control system thereof

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CN111326771A true CN111326771A (en) 2020-06-23

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102449834A (en) * 2009-05-25 2012-05-09 丰田自动车株式会社 Fuel cell system and method of controlling fuel cell system
US20160141905A1 (en) * 2014-11-15 2016-05-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Power supply system and voltage control method for fuel cell
CN211929630U (en) * 2020-03-21 2020-11-13 武汉格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 Fuel cell DC-DC with voltage clamping function and control system thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102449834A (en) * 2009-05-25 2012-05-09 丰田自动车株式会社 Fuel cell system and method of controlling fuel cell system
US20160141905A1 (en) * 2014-11-15 2016-05-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Power supply system and voltage control method for fuel cell
CN211929630U (en) * 2020-03-21 2020-11-13 武汉格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 Fuel cell DC-DC with voltage clamping function and control system thereof

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Effective date of registration: 20210531

Address after: 046000 7th floor, block a, Yuecheng financial service center, No.36 zhuomaxi street, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province

Applicant after: Zhongji hydrogen energy automobile (Changzhi) Co.,Ltd.

Address before: Room 101, 1 / F, building 13, phase I, industrial incubation base, east of future third road and south of Keji fifth road, Donghu New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan City, Hubei Province

Applicant before: WUHAN LUOGEFU HYDROGEN ENERGY AUTOMOBILE Co.,Ltd.