CN111325307A - Bionic design method for solving physical contradiction - Google Patents

Bionic design method for solving physical contradiction Download PDF

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CN111325307A
CN111325307A CN202010080591.3A CN202010080591A CN111325307A CN 111325307 A CN111325307 A CN 111325307A CN 202010080591 A CN202010080591 A CN 202010080591A CN 111325307 A CN111325307 A CN 111325307A
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刘尚
张悦杨
王亚楠
张琪健
李腾
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Abstract

The invention discloses a bionic design method for solving physical contradiction, which comprises the following steps: s1: expressing the causal relationship of the physical contradiction and the technical contradiction through a component parameter model for the description form of the physical contradiction and the technical contradiction of a given problem; s2: determining contradictions between operation domains; s3: according to the contradiction between operation domains, looking up a PRIIZM matrix, extracting original comprehension, and according to the invention principle, obtaining a bionic case from a bionic case library; s4: screening a bionic case; s5: according to the comparison between the form, behavior and physiological dimension of the biological system and the design parameters, behavior and functional parameters of the technical system, the physical contradiction of resource solving is discovered. The method finds resources for solving the physical contradiction by carrying out analog analysis on the biological system and the technical system, provides basis for solving the physical contradiction of the technical system, exerts the advantages of bionic design and expands the method for solving the physical contradiction.

Description

Bionic design method for solving physical contradiction
Technical Field
The invention relates to a physical contradiction solving method.
Background
At present, the technical competition is increasingly intense, and the technical innovation is key for enterprises to ensure the market competitiveness. The creation of new technology through the improvement of the original product is a main way for enterprises to develop technical innovation. Contradiction problems can be encountered in the process, and the TRIZ theory divides the contradiction problems into technical contradiction and physical contradiction and solves the technical contradiction and the physical contradiction from different layers. However, the solution of the technical contradiction and the physical contradiction only provides the inventive principle and the separation method for designers, and the specific implementation of the inventive principle and the separation method also needs to be completed by people.
The BioTRIZ establishes a PRIIZM contradiction matrix from the perspective of bionic design, the adopted invention principle is the same as that of the TRIZ, and a bionic case is provided for the invention principle. When solving the problems, the technical contradiction problem of the TRIZ theory can be converted into the contradiction between the operation domains of the BioTRIZ to obtain the invention principle and the biological case. Thus, the implementation process of the invention principle can be obtained through biological case analogy design, and research shows that the invention principle recommended by BioTRIZ is more original and novel to implement. However, there is no support for the corresponding biotiz method for the physical contradiction problem in the TRIZ theory. If the PRIIZM matrix of BioTRIZ and the bionic case are linked with the solving of the theoretical physical contradiction of the TRIZ, the solving of the physical contradiction is supported by analogy with the BioTRIZ bionic case, the basis of the biological system case is provided for solving the physical contradiction, the advantages of bionic design are brought into play, and the method for solving the physical contradiction is expanded.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bionic design method for solving physical contradictions, which is different from the traditional method for analyzing resources and selecting a separation method by relying on human experience. The method finds resources for solving the physical contradiction by carrying out analog analysis on the biological system and the technical system, provides basis for solving the physical contradiction of the technical system, exerts the advantages of bionic design and expands the method for solving the physical contradiction.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a bionic design method for solving physical contradiction comprises the following steps:
step S1: expressing the causal relationship of the physical contradiction and the technical contradiction through a component parameter model for the description form of the physical contradiction and the technical contradiction of a given problem;
step S2: functional parameters which generate contradictions in a technical system are classified into one of six operation domains of material, structure, energy, information, time and space respectively, and the contradictions among the operation domains are determined;
step S3: according to the contradiction between operation domains, looking up a PRIIZM matrix, extracting original comprehension, and according to the invention principle, obtaining a bionic case from a bionic case library;
step S4: analyzing the behavior of the biological system to the environmental stimulus and the function generated by the behavior in the bionic case, determining the operation domain to which the behavior and the function belong, matching the operation domain with the contradictory operation domain, screening the bionic case, and selecting the bionic case as a bionic design source if the operation domain is matched with the contradictory operation domain; otherwise, abandoning the bionic case;
step S5: according to the comparison between the form, behavior and physiological dimension of the biological system and the design parameters, behavior and functional parameters of the technical system, the physical contradiction of resource solving is discovered.
The invention uses bionic design method to solve the physical contradiction, and in the problem analysis stage, the technical contradiction and the physical contradiction described by the problem are connected by the causal relationship through the component parameter model. In the stage of obtaining the principle solution, engineering parameters in the technical contradiction are classified into an operation domain of BioTRIZ, the technical contradiction is converted into the BioTRIZ contradiction, the invention principle is obtained through a PRIIZM matrix of the BioTRIZ, and a biological case set is obtained in a biological case library through the invention principle, so that a bridge is established between the physical contradiction and the biological case. In the biological case selection stage, a proper biological case is selected by matching the operation domain of the physiological dimension of the biological system with the operation domain of the functional parameter of the technical system, so that the biological case which can be used as an analog source is provided for the physical contradiction. In the generation stage of the physical contradiction concrete solution, the design parameters, behaviors and functional parameters of the technical system are respectively matched with the ecological dimensions, the behaviors and the physiological dimensions of the biological system, resources in the biological system which are not available in the technical system are found and transferred into the technical system, so that the existing technical system can be changed through the resources, and the physical contradiction is solved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method establishes the relation between the physical contradiction and the technical contradiction through the component parameter model, establishes the relation between the physical contradiction and the BioTRIZ bionic case system through the technical contradiction, provides a biological case as an analogy source for solving the physical contradiction, and plays the bionic design advantage in the solving process of the physical contradiction.
2. The contradiction (physical contradiction) of the value of the design parameter is associated with the contradiction between the operation domains of the BioTRIZ through the component parameter model and the technical contradiction, an expression method of a design level is provided for the BioTRIZ problem description, and the ways of expressing and analyzing the BioTRIZ problem are expanded.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a bionic design for solving physical contradictions;
FIG. 2 is a functional model;
FIG. 3 is a component parametric model;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of an analogy relationship between a biological system and a technical system;
FIG. 5 is a threaded coupling;
FIG. 6 is a causal relationship between a physical contradiction and a technical contradiction;
FIG. 7 is a soft construction buckle;
fig. 8 shows an embodiment of the present soft jaw which is driven by a motor.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but not limited thereto, and any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a bionic design method for solving physical contradiction, as shown in figure 1, the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: for the description form of the physical contradiction and the technical contradiction of the problem, the causal relationship of the physical contradiction and the technical contradiction is expressed through a component parameter model. In analyzing the technical system contradiction problem, it is usually the case that the technical contradiction is found first, and then the physical contradiction is obtained by analyzing the fundamental contradiction Analysis (RCA +) (Souchkov. root Conflict Analysis (RCA +): structured Problem and probabilities Mapping [ C ], 2005.). The causal relationship between the technical contradiction and the physical contradiction is expressed by using the component parameter model, and the problem of the physical contradiction is solved by applying a bionic design method subsequently.
In the step, the causal relationship between the physical contradiction and the technical contradiction is expressed by a component parameter model, and the specific steps are as follows:
step S1-1: according to the technical system function model, analyzing the function effects corresponding to the opposite value requirements (physical contradictions) of the design parameters in the tool component, expressing the design parameters and the opposite values of the design parameters by using the component parameter model, and expressing the function effects by using the function parameters of the component parameter model. The functional model describes the functional relationship between the tool and the functional object as shown in fig. 2, wherein the improvement parameter or the deterioration parameter in the technical contradiction is obtained from the effect of this function. The component parameter model is represented by a component name, design parameters, and functional parameters as shown in fig. 3, where: the component name is the unique identification of the component in the technical system; design parameters are parameters that one can directly change through design behavior; the functional parameters are used for expressing the existence of the components, and cannot be directly changed through the design behavior, and the change of the functional parameters is changed through the design parameters. A component contains a design parameter and a plurality of functional parameters. The relation between the component parameter model and the functional model is that the design parameters are parameters which can be changed by the design behavior in the tool component in the functional model, the change of the design parameters in the tool component can affect the functional effect of the tool component, and the functional effect is described by the functional parameters in the component parameter model.
Step S1-2: and matching the functional parameters with the improvement parameters and the deterioration parameters in the technical contradiction to form the expression of the causal relationship between the physical contradiction and the technical contradiction.
Step S2: functional parameters which generate contradictions in a technical system are classified into one of six operation domains of material, structure, energy, information, time and space respectively, and the contradictions among the operation domains are determined.
In the step, the functional parameters are classified into the operation domains, firstly, the matching relation between the functional parameters and the engineering parameters in the technical contradiction is established, and then the improvement and the deterioration of the engineering parameters in the technical contradiction are classified into the operation domains.
In this step, the engineering parameters with technical contradictions are divided into corresponding operation domains according to the classification relationship (Creative relationships of the methods of Inventive Principles of TRIZ and Bio TRIZ to present solution Solving [ J ]. Journal of Mechanical Design, AUGUST 2017, Vol (139)) of the engineering parameters and the operation domains, and the functional parameters matched with the engineering parameters are also divided into the corresponding operation domains in a natural way.
Step S3: according to the contradiction between the operation domains, the PRIIZM matrix is searched, the original comprehension is extracted, the invention principle is used as a retrieval entry, and the bionic case is obtained from the bionic case library.
In this step, the PRIZM matrix is shown in table 1, the inventive principle is to search the biological case library of vocabulary entry (simple swallow. living beings combine the bionic trigz life new life set 35336a method study [ D ]. success university (taiwan area), 2013:49-78 pages), table 2 is partial biological case data.
TABLE 1 PRIZM matrix
Figure BDA0002380167150000061
Table 2 fragmentation map of biological case library of the inventive principles
Figure BDA0002380167150000062
In this step, the operation domain where the functional parameters of the technical system are located is used as a limitation for screening the bionic case, and the operation domain where the physiological dimensionality of the biological system belongs is matched with the operation domain where the functional parameters of the technical system are located to be used as an alternative bionic case to participate in solving the physical contradiction.
Step S4: analyzing the behavior of the biological system to the environmental stimulus and the function generated by the biological system in the bionic case, determining the operation domain to which the behavior and the function belong, and selecting the operation domain as a bionic design source if the operation domain is matched with the contradictory operation domain; otherwise, the bionic case is abandoned.
Step S5: according to the comparison between the form, behavior and physiological dimension of the biological system and the design parameters, behavior and functional parameters of the technical system, the physical contradiction of resource solving is discovered.
In this step, resources are discovered from the operation domain according to the analogy between the form, behavior and physiological dimension of the biological system and the design parameters, behavior and functional parameters of the technical system, and are used for solving the physical contradiction. The analogy relationship diagram of the biological system and the technical system is shown in FIG. 4, and the specific steps are as follows:
step S5-1: and analyzing the biological system according to the operation domain to which the technical system functional parameters belong, and extracting the physiological function similar to the technical system functional parameters.
Step S5-2: analyzing the biological behavior of the biological system depending on the physiological function, comparing and analyzing the biological behavior with the behavior of the technical system, searching the behavior difference between the biological behavior and the technical system, and analyzing the reason of the behavior difference.
Step S5-3: and comparing the ecological dimension of the biological system with the structure of the technical system by combining the behavior difference, and searching for the structural difference. This structural difference is a resource that can be used to resolve the physical contradiction, see R in fig. 4.
Step S5-4: the physical contradiction is solved by taking the structure difference as a target resource, searching the resource in a technical system, a subsystem and a super system, and modifying the design parameter in the component parameter model by using the resource.
Example (b):
as shown in FIG. 5, when the space between the nut and the connected component is narrow, the common wrench cannot realize large-angle turning due to the large width of the arms at the two sides of the wrench opening, which affects the assembly and disassembly efficiency. This problem is described as contradiction by applying TRIZ, where the working component is a jaw and the working object is a nut. In order to enable the wrench opening to enter a narrow space, increase the knob angle and improve the working efficiency, the width of the side arm of the wrench opening needs to be small; however, in order to ensure the strength of the jaw, the width of the side arm of the jaw is larger. Thus, the physical contradiction is described as the width of the side arm of the wrench opening is large and small. The corresponding technical contradiction is described as follows: the improvement parameter is productivity and the deterioration parameter is force. And establishing a causal relationship between physical contradiction and technical contradiction by applying a component parameter model, and referring to fig. 6, corresponding the functional parameters to an operation domain of BioTRIZ, wherein a domain corresponding to the improved parameters is time, and a domain corresponding to the deteriorated parameters is energy. And checking a TRIZ contradiction matrix according to the improvement parameters and the deterioration parameters to obtain a principle: 10 (preaction method), 15 (dynamic method), 28 (mechanical substitution method), 36 (phase change method). The principle is obtained according to domain search PRIZM: 3 (local mass method), 9 (pre-reaction method), 15 (dynamic method), 20 (continuous action method), 22 (harm-to-benefit method), 25 (self-service method).
The invention focuses on the utilization of the causal relationship between the technical contradiction and the physical contradiction to obtain the reference biological case. Therefore, the intersection of the principles provided by TRIZ and BioTRIZ is considered in selecting the inventive principles. In selecting the principle, reference is mainly made to the principle provided by TRIZ. Thus, principle 15 was chosen, and other principles may also yield valid solutions.
According to principle 15 (dynamic method), a biological case library is searched. For the dynamic method in case base, the biological cases are given as follows: dynamic structure of liquid water; the microtube structure of the animal is composed of a tubular structure and can be bent, extended and shortened; the number of biological groups is a dynamic balance, such as relationship between hunter and hunter.
From the above, it is found that the microtubule structure of the organism, including some soft structure organisms, has a biological morphology that can be adapted to a narrow space by bending, stretching, and shortening. This is consistent with the environment described by our problem.
To the problem of this embodiment, design a soft structure board and detain, as shown in fig. 7, pull the mouth and constitute by the flexible band, the flexible in-band side rubs with the contact of nut lateral surface during operation, and frictional force drives the nut rotation. Fig. 8 shows an embodiment of the soft jaw according to the present invention, which is driven by a motor.

Claims (6)

1. A bionic design method for solving physical contradiction is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: expressing the causal relationship of the physical contradiction and the technical contradiction through a component parameter model for the description form of the physical contradiction and the technical contradiction of a given problem;
step S2: functional parameters which generate contradictions in a technical system are classified into one of six operation domains of material, structure, energy, information, time and space respectively, and the contradictions among the operation domains are determined;
step S3: according to the contradiction between operation domains, looking up a PRIIZM matrix, extracting original comprehension, and according to the invention principle, obtaining a bionic case from a bionic case library;
step S4: analyzing the behavior of the biological system to the environmental stimulus and the function generated by the biological system in the bionic case, determining the operation domain to which the behavior and the function belong, and selecting the operation domain as a bionic design source if the operation domain is matched with the contradictory operation domain; otherwise, abandoning the bionic case;
step S5: according to the comparison between the form, behavior and physiological dimension of the biological system and the design parameters, behavior and functional parameters of the technical system, the physical contradiction of resource solving is discovered.
2. The biomimetic design method for solving physical contradiction according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the causal relationship between the physical contradiction and the technical contradiction is expressed by a component parameter model, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
step S1-1: analyzing the functional effects respectively corresponding to the reverse value requirements of the design parameters in the tool component according to the functional model of the technical system, expressing the design parameters and the reverse values of the design parameters by using the component parameter model, and expressing the functional effects by using the functional parameters of the component parameter model;
step S1-2: and matching the functional parameters with the improvement parameters and the deterioration parameters in the technical contradiction to form the expression of the causal relationship between the physical contradiction and the technical contradiction.
3. The biomimetic design method for physical contradiction solving according to claim 2, wherein the component parameter model is represented by a component name, a design parameter, and a functional parameter.
4. The biomimetic design method for solving physical contradiction according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the functional parameters are classified into operation domains by first establishing a matching relationship between the functional parameters and the engineering parameters in the technical contradiction, and then classifying the engineering parameters in the operation domains by improving and deteriorating the engineering parameters in the technical contradiction.
5. The biomimetic design method for solving the physical contradiction as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the selection of the biomimetic cases is limited by an operation domain where the functional parameters of the technical system are located, and the operation domain of the physiological dimension of the biological system is matched with the operation domain where the functional parameters of the technical system are located to be used as the alternative biomimetic cases to participate in the solving of the physical contradiction.
6. The biomimetic design method for solving the physical contradiction according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 comprises the following steps:
step S5-1: analyzing the biological system according to the operation domain of the technical system function parameter, and extracting the physiological function similar to the technical system function parameter;
step S5-2: analyzing the biological behavior of the biological system depending on the physiological function, comparing and analyzing the biological behavior with the behavior of the technical system, searching the behavior difference between the biological behavior and the technical system, and analyzing the reason for generating the behavior difference;
step S5-3: comparing the ecological dimension of the biological system with the structure of the technical system by combining the behavior difference, and searching for the structural difference;
step S5-4: the physical contradiction is solved by taking the structure difference as a target resource, searching the resource in a technical system, a subsystem and a super system, and modifying the design parameter in the component parameter model by using the resource.
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