CN111322974A - Prediction method for average diameter of energy-gathered jet of metal liner material and application of prediction method - Google Patents

Prediction method for average diameter of energy-gathered jet of metal liner material and application of prediction method Download PDF

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CN111322974A
CN111322974A CN202010146883.2A CN202010146883A CN111322974A CN 111322974 A CN111322974 A CN 111322974A CN 202010146883 A CN202010146883 A CN 202010146883A CN 111322974 A CN111322974 A CN 111322974A
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jet
average diameter
jet flow
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liner
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CN111322974B (en
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刘金旭
张松
蔡奇
李树奎
贺川
冯新娅
刘兴伟
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering blasting, and particularly relates to a prediction method for the average jet diameter of a metal shaped charge liner and application thereof. On the basis of considering material attributes, a relation between the average diameter of jet flow and the material attributes is constructed according to the stress state of the liner jet flow in the forming and moving process and the action mechanism of the material attributes on the jet flow form in the forming and moving process; substituting the material property of the metal material into the jet flow average diameter-material property relational expression to obtain a jet flow average diameter-material property equation; and substituting the material property of the material to be measured into the jet flow average diameter-material property equation to obtain the average diameter predicted value of the energy-gathered jet flow of the metal liner. The prediction method provided by the invention integrates the influence of material properties into the prediction process, solves the problem that the traditional theory can not determine the shape difference of the energy-gathered jet of different materials, and improves the accuracy of the prediction result of the average diameter of the jet.

Description

Prediction method for average diameter of energy-gathered jet of metal liner material and application of prediction method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering blasting, and particularly relates to a prediction method for the average jet diameter of a metal shaped charge liner and application thereof.
Background
The metal jet is formed by crushing the metal shaped charge liner through the detonation of the shaped charge, and has the structural characteristics of slender and axisymmetric shape. The jet flow obtains extremely high motion speed under the driving of the detonation of the explosive, so that a firm target can be punctured through the strong kinetic energy of the jet flow, and the jet flow is widely applied to the fields of military damage, oil exploitation, civil blasting and the like.
According to the traditional jet damage theory, when a target is determined, the damage aperture of the energy-collecting jet to the target is mainly influenced by the diameter and the speed of the energy-collecting jet, and the larger the diameter of the energy-collecting jet is, the higher the head speed is, and the larger the hole-breaking aperture is. Due to different application fields of explosives, the requirements on the caliber of a broken hole caused by jet flow are different: for example, in the petroleum perforating bullet widely used in the petroleum exploitation field, due to the obstruction of the rock and the clay to petroleum, the perforating bullet needs to be preset in the oil pipe, then the perforating bullet is transported to a desired position and then detonated, and jet flow penetrates through the pipe wall and the obstruction of the surrounding rock and the clay to form a channel, so that the surrounding petroleum is guided into the oil pipe; in the field of military damage, how to break through the firm protection of the target becomes the primary purpose, and at the moment, the thinner jet flow is beneficial to the concentration of jet flow energy, so that the expected breakdown damage effect is achieved; for the energy-gathering warhead in the field of attack, a firm concrete worker needs to penetrate through and a stable broken hole with a larger caliber is formed, so that higher requirements are provided for the form of the jet, namely the maximum jet diameter is provided on the premise of sufficient penetration power, the warhead can smoothly enter the interior of the worker through the broken hole when the warhead moves forward, and the maximization of damage efficiency is realized.
However, the traditional jet flow theory does not consider the influence of the material (including material properties such as strength and plasticity) on the jet flow form when calculating the jet flow form.
Disclosure of Invention
The prediction method provided by the invention integrates the influence of material attributes into the prediction process, improves the accuracy of the prediction result of the average jet diameter of the metal liner, and can be used for guiding the material design of the liner.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a prediction method of the average diameter of jet flow of a metal liner, which comprises the following steps:
(1) constructing a relation between the average diameter of the jet flow and the material attribute according to the stress state of the liner jet flow in the forming and moving process and the action mechanism of the material attribute on the jet flow form in the forming and moving process of the jet flow;
the material properties comprise density, longitudinal wave velocity, high strain rate compressive strength, high strain rate compressive fracture strain, high temperature tensile strength and high temperature tensile fracture strain, wherein the strain rates of the high strain rate compressive strength and the high strain rate compressive fracture strain are independently more than or equal to 1 × 103S; the temperature of the high-temperature tensile strength and the high-temperature tensile breaking strain is independently more than or equal to 700 ℃;
(2) substituting the material property of the metal material into the jet flow average diameter-material property relational expression obtained in the step (1), and fitting to obtain a jet flow average diameter-material property equation;
(3) and (3) providing the material attribute of the metal liner to be tested, and obtaining the predicted value of the average diameter of the energy-gathered jet of the metal liner to be tested by using the jet average diameter-material attribute equation obtained in the step (2).
Preferably, the geometric structure of the metal liner is a hollow cone; the inner wall generatrix and the outer wall generatrix of the hollow cone are parallel; the cone angle of the hollow cone is 60-90 degrees; the wall thickness of the hollow cone is 0.5-3 mm.
Preferably, the jet average diameter-material property relationship is as shown in formula I:
Figure BDA0002401066020000021
in the formula I, rjRepresents the jet mean diameter, in mm;
V0represents the initial volume of the liner in cm3；
Oc means proportional to;
εhcrepresents high strain rate compressive fracture strain, dimensionless;
σhcrepresents the high strain rate compressive strength in MPa;
σHThigh temperature tensile strength in MPa;
ρ0expressed as density in kg/m3；
C0Representing the longitudinal wave sound velocity with the unit of m/s;
εHTrepresents the high temperature tensile breaking strain without dimension.
Preferably, the mathematical equation of the relationship between the average diameter of the jet and the property of the material is shown in formula II:
Figure BDA0002401066020000031
in the formula II, rjRepresents the jet mean diameter, in mm;
V0represents the initial volume of the liner in cm3；
k. M and N represent parameters, and are constants;
εhcrepresents high strain rate compressive fracture strain, dimensionless;
σhcrepresents the high strain rate compressive strength in MPa;
σHThigh temperature tensile strength in MPa;
ρ0expressed as density in kg/m3；
C0Representing the longitudinal wave sound velocity with the unit of m/s;
εHTrepresents the high temperature tensile breaking strain without dimension.
Preferably, the mathematical equation of the relationship between the average diameter of the jet and the property of the material is shown in formula II-2:
Figure BDA0002401066020000032
in the formula II-21, rjRepresents the jet mean diameter, in mm;
V0represents the initial volume of the liner in cm3；
εhcRepresents high strain rate compressive fracture strain, dimensionless;
σhcrepresents the high strain rate compressive strength in MPa;
σHThigh temperature tensile strength in MPa;
ρ0expressed as density in kg/m3；
C0Representing the longitudinal wave sound velocity with the unit of m/s;
εHTrepresents the high temperature tensile breaking strain without dimension.
The invention also provides application of the prediction method in the technical scheme in guiding material design of the liner.
The invention provides a prediction method of the average diameter of jet flow of a metal liner, which comprises the following steps: (1) constructing a jet flow average diameter-material attribute relation according to stress states of a liner jet flow in the forming and moving processes and by combining an action mechanism of material attributes on jet flow forms in the forming and moving processes of the jet flow; the material properties include density, longitudinal wave velocity, and high strain rateCompressive strength, high strain rate compressive fracture strain, high temperature tensile strength and high temperature tensile fracture strain, the strain rates of the high strain rate compressive strength and the high strain rate compressive fracture strain being independently not less than 1 × 103S; the temperature of the high-temperature tensile strength and the high-temperature tensile breaking strain is independently more than or equal to 700 ℃; (2) substituting the material property of the metal material into the jet flow average diameter-material property relational expression obtained in the step (1), and fitting to obtain a jet flow average diameter-material property equation; (3) and (3) providing the material attribute of the metal liner to be tested, and obtaining the predicted value of the average diameter of the energy-gathered jet of the metal liner to be tested by using the jet average diameter-material attribute equation obtained in the step (2).
The prediction method provided by the invention integrates the influence of material attributes into the prediction process, solves the problem that the traditional theory can not determine the shape difference of the energy-gathered jet of different materials, and improves the accuracy of the prediction result of the average diameter of the jet flow of the metal shaped charge liner; meanwhile, on the basis of the prediction method, the optimization speed of the range of the materials of the attack-hardness-gathering energy-gathering liner can be remarkably improved, the range of types of liner materials with higher jet diameter can be rapidly screened out without measuring by a target range, and the method can be used for guiding the material design of the liner.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a jet forming process, wherein I is a process of crushing a metal liner under the action of detonation to form a jet, and II is a motion process from the complete formation of the jet to the penetration of a target plate;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the small angle offset caused by the snap during jet travel, where θ is the offset angle;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the material property pairs σ for the different materials in Table 1HT·σhc·εhc/(ρ0·C0·εHT) A fitting result curve of (1);
FIG. 4 is an X-ray diagram of the fluidic process in example 1;
FIG. 5 is an X-ray diagram of the fluidic process in example 2.
Detailed Description
The symbols, meanings and obtaining methods related to the prediction method of the average diameter of the energy-gathered jet of the metal liner material provided by the invention are summarized in table 1, and in the following specific implementation mode, except for special description, the symbol meanings, units and obtaining methods in each equation or relational expression are based on the contents in table 1 and are not repeated one by one.
TABLE 1 prediction method parameter description of average diameter of energy-gathered jet of metal liner material
Figure BDA0002401066020000051
The invention provides a prediction method of the average diameter of jet flow of a metal liner, which comprises the following steps:
(1) constructing a relation between the average diameter of the jet flow and the material attribute according to the stress state of the liner jet flow in the forming and moving process and the action mechanism of the material attribute on the jet flow form in the forming and moving process of the jet flow;
the material properties comprise density, longitudinal wave velocity, high strain rate compressive strength, high strain rate compressive fracture strain, high temperature tensile strength and high temperature tensile fracture strain, wherein the strain rates of the high strain rate compressive strength and the high strain rate compressive fracture strain are independently more than or equal to 1 × 103S; the temperature of the high-temperature tensile strength and the high-temperature tensile breaking strain is independently more than or equal to 700 ℃;
(2) substituting the material property of the metal material into the jet flow average diameter-material property relational expression obtained in the step (1), and fitting to obtain a jet flow average diameter-material property equation;
(3) and (3) providing the material attribute of the metal liner to be tested, and obtaining the predicted value of the average diameter of the energy-gathered jet of the metal liner to be tested by using the jet average diameter-material attribute equation obtained in the step (2).
According to the jet forming theory, the material property of the metal liner, the stress state in the jet movement process and the action mechanism of the material property on the jet form in the jet forming and movement processes are combined to construct a jet average diameter-material property relational expression;
the material properties comprise density, longitudinal wave velocity, high strain rate compressive strength, high strain rate compressive fracture strain, high temperature tensile strength and high temperature tensile fracture strain, wherein the strain rates of the high strain rate compressive strength and the high strain rate compressive fracture strain are independently more than or equal to 1 × 103S; the temperature of the high-temperature tensile strength and the high-temperature tensile breaking strain are independently more than or equal to 700 ℃.
In the present invention, the deformation process and stress state when the jet is formed: 1. the material is extruded by high strain rate in the whole process of explosive collapse, and the strength and plasticity influencing the material deformation are the strength and plasticity of the material under the high strain rate compression condition; 2. after the detonation drive of the explosive is finished, the jet flow moves at a high speed, and stress waves are transmitted in the jet flow and generate tensile stress in the jet flow due to the speed difference between the head part and the tail part of the jet flow; in addition, because the jet flow is formed by the axisymmetric mass points of the liner through high-speed collision, the temperature of the jet flow is higher, and the strength and the plasticity of the material for analyzing the material deformation at high temperature are more suitable in the process.
In the present invention, it is more preferable that the strain rates of the high-strain-rate compressive strength and the high-strain-rate compressive fracture strain are independently 1 × 103～1×104S, more preferably 1 × 104And s. In the invention, the temperature of the high-temperature tensile strength and the high-temperature tensile breaking strain is independently further preferably 700-900 ℃, and more preferably 800 ℃.
In the present invention, the geometry of the metal liner is preferably a hollow cone. In the Chinese invention, the inner wall generatrix of the hollow cone is preferably parallel to the outer wall generatrix; the cone angle of the hollow cone is preferably 60-90 degrees, more preferably 70-80 degrees, and most preferably 72 degrees; the wall thickness of the hollow cone is preferably 0.5-3 mm, more preferably 1-3 mm, and most preferably 2.5 mm.
In the invention, the action mechanism of the material property on the jet flow form in the jet flow forming and moving process is that the deformation process of the material under specific conditions depends on the material properties such as strength, plasticity and the like of the material.
In the present invention, the average diameter of the shaped jet of the metal liner is preferably the average diameter when the jet is regarded as a cylinder of constant cross section.
In order to further clearly describe the process of constructing the relationship between the average diameter of the jet and the material property, the invention preferably splits and simplifies the formation process of the jet, and provides a schematic diagram (shown in fig. 1) of the formation process of the jet, wherein the process that the metal liner collapses under the action of detonation to form the jet is marked as the I stage (I in fig. 1, namely the process of forming the jet), and the motion process from the complete formation of the jet to the penetration target is marked as the II stage (II in fig. 1, namely the process of running the jet).
In the invention, in the process that the metal shaped charge liner is collapsed under the detonation action to form jet flow, the metal shaped charge liner material has high strain rate compressive fracture strain which is a precondition for ensuring the formation of ductile jet flow, and the high strain rate compressive strength is favorable for increasing the initial diameter of the jet flow. In the advancing process of the jet flow, the head speed of the jet flow is high, the tail speed of the jet flow is low, stress waves can be generated in the jet flow due to the difference of the speeds, the tensile stress amplitude generated by the stress waves is related to the density and the sound velocity of the material, and the specific relation is shown in a formula 2-1.
The size of the liner is not particularly limited, and any size can be adopted in the invention. In an embodiment of the invention, the liner preferably has a bore diameter of 72mm, a wall thickness of 2.5mm and a cone angle of 72 °.
The following is the procedure for obtaining formula I:
in the invention, in the process that the liner collapses under the action of detonation to form jet flow (stage I), the metal liner is assumed to be consistent with the compression process of the material under high strain rate in the process that detonation waves reach and close to form jet flow. In the invention, the jet forming capability A of the metal liner can be regarded as that the material capable of forming jet inside the metal liner accounts for the metalThe critical value of the high strain rate compression fracture strain is epsilon0. When and only when the high strain rate compressive fracture strain is greater than the minimum strain value epsilon required for jet formation0(i.e.. epsilon.)hc>ε0) When in use, the liner forms jet flow driven by detonation, and the jet flow is along with epsilonhcThe capability of the metal liner material for forming jet flow is improved, as shown in the formula 1-1
A∝εhcFormula 1-1;
in the formula 1-1, A represents the jet flow capacity, and oc represents the direct ratio.
At the same time, the volume V for forming the jet and the initial volume V of the liner in the initial volume of the liner0The relationship between them is shown in the formula 1-2
V＝A·V0Formula 1-2;
after the jet is formed, the initial diameter of the jet is proportional to the amount of material contained in the jet, and thus has
rj0∝A·V0Formula 1-3;
in formulae 1 to 3, rj0Indicating the initial mean diameter of the jet, and oc indicating a direct ratio.
In the present invention, the high strain rate compressive strength (σ) is obtained when the driving work of the detonation wave is not changedhc) An increase results in a reduction in the deformation of the material, and thus in a reduction in the length of the jet after it has formed; when the material forming the jet is unchanged, the average diameter of the jet increases with decreasing length, i.e. the initial average diameter of the jet is proportional to the high strain rate compressive strength, as shown in equations 1-4:
rj0∝σhcformula 1-4;
thus, there are
rj0∝A·V0·σhcFormula 1-5;
namely, it is
Figure BDA0002401066020000081
In the present invention, the jet is formed completely and then reaches the process before the penetration target (stage II) (i.e., the jet is completely formedJet advance-jet impact target process), assuming that the tensile deformation during the jet advance is consistent with the deformation process of the liner material when stretched at high temperature, when the head velocity (v) of the jet is highHead with a rotatable shaft) And tail velocity (v)Tail) At different times, tensile stress (σ) will be generated inside the jetTensile stress). The invention preferably obtains the average tensile stress equation in the jet flow according to the elastic wave theory, as shown in the formula 2-1:
Figure BDA0002401066020000082
in the formula 2-1,. sigma.)Tensile stressTensile stress inside the jet, expressed in MPa;
ρ0is the density of the material;
C0representing the longitudinal wave sound velocity of the material;
ρ0C0denotes the impedance of the material in kg/(m)2·s)；
vHead with a rotatable shaftRepresents the head velocity of the jet, in m/s;
vtailThe tail velocity of the jet is expressed in m/s.
In the present invention, the main reason for the difference in velocity between the head velocity and the tail velocity of the jet is that the taper angle of the metal liner changes, and therefore, when the structure of the metal liner does not change (i.e., the taper angle does not change), the difference in velocity between the head velocity and the tail velocity of the jet (v) changesHead with a rotatable shaft-vTail) Is a constant amount. Thus, the average tensile stress inside the jet is proportional to the impedance of the material according to equation 2-1, as shown in equation 2-2:
σtensile stress∝ρ0C0Formula 2-2.
In the present invention, the velocity of the jet is in a high-speed state as the jet advances. The invention preferably derives the strain rate proportional to the tension to which the material is subjected, according to the theory of viscoelasticity, i.e.
Figure BDA0002401066020000098
Further, the strain rate is as shown in formula 2-3:
Figure BDA0002401066020000091
in the formula 2-3, the compound is represented by,
Figure BDA0002401066020000096
the strain rate is indicated.
In the present invention, the relationship between strain and strain rate is shown in the following formula 2-4:
Figure BDA0002401066020000092
in the formulae 2 to 4, t represents time,
Figure BDA0002401066020000097
the strain rate is indicated.
The invention preferably obtains the relation between the strain of the jet flow at the time t and the material property according to the formulas 2-3 and 2-4, as shown in the formulas 2-5:
Figure BDA0002401066020000093
i.e., at any given time, to give formulas 2-6:
Figure BDA0002401066020000094
in the present invention, since the volume of the jet does not change during the process of drawing the jet, i.e., the volume of the jet is the same before and after drawing, the relationship shown in fig. 2 to 6 is obtained:
Figure BDA0002401066020000101
in the formulae 2 to 7, rj0Denotes the initial diameter of the jet, L0Denotes the initial length of the jet, rjtDenotes the mean diameter of the jet at time t, L0(1+ ε) indicates the jet after deformationLength of (d).
The invention preferably obtains the average diameter of the jet flow at the moment t according to the formulas 2-6 and 2-7, as shown in the formulas 2-8:
Figure BDA0002401066020000102
Figure BDA0002401066020000103
order to
Figure BDA0002401066020000104
According to the Taylor formula:
Figure BDA0002401066020000105
Figure BDA0002401066020000106
due to the fact that
Figure BDA0002401066020000107
Ignoring o (x), consider equations 2-9 approximately as equations 2-10:
Figure BDA0002401066020000108
in the present invention, the jet is subjected to a high temperature tensile strain at break (ε) when the material is advancedHT) Worse, the jet will break during the advance, and then the advance direction of the broken jet will be slightly offset (the offset angle is marked as θ) from the advance direction of the unbroken jet (as shown in fig. 2). Thus, after the jet reaches the target, the jet will exhibit an additional displacement in a direction perpendicular to the direction of initial jet advance, which displacement can increase the area of the jet acting on the target. The invention preferably equates the diameter of the area to the final mean diameter r of the jetj(i.e., effective diameter). The effective diameter coefficient of the preferred jet flow is as shown in the formula 2-11:
Figure BDA0002401066020000109
in the expressions 2 to 10, θ represents a deviation angle of the advancing direction of the jet after the fracture from the advancing direction of the jet without the fracture, and B represents an effective diameter coefficient (i.e., parameter) of the jet.
In the present invention, the better the high temperature plasticity, the less likely it will break, i.e. into small jets, the effective diameter coefficient of which is preferably inversely proportional to the high temperature tensile break strain ε, thus creating an angular offset from the original direction of motionHTAs shown in formulas 2-12:
Figure BDA0002401066020000111
in the present invention, considering the formation stage (equation 1-6) of the jet, the elongation stage (equation 2-10) during the advancing process of the jet, and the fracture stage (equation 2-11) from the later stage of the advancing process to the penetration target, the average diameter of the jet is as shown in equation 2-13:
Figure BDA0002401066020000112
the present invention preferably obtains the average diameter of the jet according to formulas 1-6, 2-12 and 2-13 as a function of material properties as shown in formula I:
Figure BDA0002401066020000113
in the present invention, the effective diameter of the jet and the high strain rate compressive fracture strain (. epsilon.) of the material are shown in formula Ihc) High strain rate compressive strength (sigma)hc) And high temperature tensile strength (σ)HT) Proportional to the impedance (p) of the material0C0) And high temperature tensile breaking strain (. epsilon.)HT) In inverse proportion.
The prediction method provided by the invention integrates the influence of material attributes into the prediction process, solves the problem that the traditional theory can not determine the shape difference of the energy-gathered jet flow of different materials, and improves the accuracy of the prediction result of the jet flow average diameter of the metal shaped charge liner.
The following is the procedure for obtaining formula II:
after the jet flow average diameter-material attribute relational expression is determined, the material attribute of the metal material is substituted into the jet flow average diameter-material attribute relational expression (formula I), and a jet flow average diameter-material attribute equation is obtained through fitting.
In the present invention, the material properties preferably include density, longitudinal wave velocity, high strain rate compressive strength, high strain rate compressive fracture strain, high temperature tensile strength, and high temperature tensile fracture strain in which the strain rates of the high strain rate compressive strength and the high strain rate compressive fracture strain are independently preferably ≥ 1 × 103S, more preferably 1 × 103～1×104S, most preferably 1 × 104And s. In the invention, the temperature of the high-temperature tensile strength and the high-temperature tensile breaking strain is independently more than or equal to 700 ℃, more preferably 700-900 ℃, and most preferably 800 ℃.
In the present invention, the density is preferably measured; the method of measurement of the density is preferably measured using archimedes drainage. In the invention, the longitudinal wave velocity is preferably measured; the method for measuring the wave speed of the longitudinal wave is preferably to measure by using a sound speed measuring instrument; the specific operation of measuring the velocity of the longitudinal wave by using the sound velocity measuring instrument is not particularly limited, and the operation of measuring the velocity of the longitudinal wave by using the sound velocity, which is well known to those skilled in the art, may be adopted.
In the present invention, the high strain rate compressive strength and the high strain rate compressive fracture strain are preferably measured. In the present invention, the measurement method is preferably measurement using a split hopkinson bar (SHPB). The specific operation of using the SHPB to measure the high strain rate compressive strength and the high strain rate compressive fracture strain is not particularly limited, and the operation of using the SHPB to measure the high strain rate compressive strength and the high strain rate compressive fracture strain, which is well known to those skilled in the art, can be adopted.
In the present invention, the high temperature tensile strength and the high temperature tensile strain at break are preferably measured. In the present invention, the method of measurement is preferably performed using a high temperature stretcher. In the invention, the test temperature of the high-temperature tensile strength and the high-temperature tensile breaking strain is preferably 700-900 ℃, and more preferably 800 ℃. The specific operation of measuring the high-temperature tensile strength and the high-temperature tensile breaking strain by using the high-temperature stretcher is not particularly limited, and the operation of measuring the high-temperature tensile strength and the high-temperature tensile breaking strain by using the high-temperature stretcher well known by the technical personnel in the field can be performed.
After the density, the longitudinal wave velocity, the high strain rate compressive strength, the high strain rate compressive fracture strain, the high temperature tensile strength and the high temperature tensile fracture strain of the material are obtained, the invention preferably substitutes the material properties into the jet flow average diameter-material property relational expression to sigmaHT·σhc·εhc/(ρ0·C0·εHT) Performing nonlinear fitting by using an origin software, constructing a functional relation, and calculating to obtain numerical values of parameters (k, M and N) to obtain a jet flow average diameter-material attribute equation shown as a formula II:
Figure BDA0002401066020000121
in the formula II, rjRepresents the jet mean diameter, in mm;
V0represents the initial volume of the liner in cm3；
k. M and N represent parameters, and are constants;
εhcrepresents high strain rate compressive fracture strain, dimensionless;
σhcrepresents the high strain rate compressive strength in MPa;
σHThigh temperature tensile strength in MPa;
ρ0expressed as density in kg/m3；
C0Representing the longitudinal wave sound velocity with the unit of m/s;
εHTrepresents the high temperature tensile breaking strain without dimension.
In the present invention, the method of fitting specifically preferably includes: according to the material property pair σ shown in Table 1HT·σhc·εhc/(ρ0·C0·εHT) The fitting result is shown in FIG. 3, and it can be seen from FIG. 3 that the material property pairs σ are obtained from different materialsHT·σhc·εhc/(ρ0·C0·εHT) The fitting result of (1).
TABLE 1 Material Properties of different Metal materials
Figure BDA0002401066020000131
The average jet diameters for the materials listed in Table 1 were derived from the results of the field testing of similarly shaped liners having a bore diameter of 72mm, a wall thickness of 2.5mm, a cone angle of 72 ° and a volume of 20.4cm, based on the material property data in Table 1 and the fitting results shown in FIG. 33Then, k.V is obtained0＝3.83，M＝0.022， N·V015.4, the average diameter of the jet-the material property equation is obtained, as shown in equation II-1:
Figure BDA0002401066020000141
also, the liners used in Table 1 each had a volume of 20.4cm3Obtaining k is 0.188, N is 0.755, and the formula for calculating the average diameter of jet flow is as formula II-2
Figure BDA0002401066020000142
After the jet flow average diameter-material attribute equation is determined, the invention provides the material attribute of the metal liner to be tested, and the average diameter predicted value of the focused jet flow of the metal liner to be tested is obtained by utilizing the jet flow average diameter-material attribute equation.
In the invention, the density, the longitudinal wave velocity, the high strain rate compressive strength, the high strain rate compressive fracture strain, the high temperature tensile strength and the high temperature tensile fracture strain of the material are measured by the method, and then are substituted into the jet flow average diameter-material attribute equation (formula II) to calculate and obtain the predicted value of the average diameter of the energy-gathered jet flow of the metal liner to be measured.
The prediction method provided by the invention integrates the influence of material attributes into the prediction process, solves the problem that the traditional theory can not determine the shape difference of the energy-gathered jet flow of different materials, and improves the accuracy of the prediction result of the jet flow average diameter of the metal shaped charge liner. Meanwhile, based on the prediction method, the optimization speed of the range of the hardness attacking and energy gathering liner material can be remarkably improved, and the range of types of liner materials with higher jet diameter can be rapidly screened out without measuring through a target range.
The invention also provides application of the prediction method in the technical scheme in guiding material design of the liner.
For further explanation of the present invention, the method for predicting the average diameter of the jet of the metal liner provided by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Predicting the average jet diameter of the petroleum perforating charge type cover material with the caliber of 72mm, the wall thickness of 2mm and the cone angle of 72 degrees, wherein the material to be tested is Ti alloy.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining the compressive strength and the compressive fracture strain of a material to be tested at a high strain rate through a Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB), processing the material into a cylindrical sample with phi 4mm of × 4mm, driving the cylindrical bullet with phi 14.5mm of × 150mm of pressure of 1.2MPa to impact an incident rod, and measuring the compressive strength and the compressive fracture strain of the sample at the high strain rate to be 0.45 under the compression state with the average strain rate of 10750/s, wherein the sectional dimensions of the bullet, the incident rod, the transmission rod and the absorption rod in an SHPB test platform are the same as the materials used, the sectional diameter is 14.5mm, the elastic modulus of the materials is 197.08GPa, and the longitudinal wave sound velocity of the materials is 5000 m/s.
Testing of Ti alloys by high temperature stretcherThe high-temperature tensile strength and the high-temperature tensile breaking strain at the test temperature of 800 ℃ are measured, and the strain rate of the material in the stretching process is 10-3And/s, the high-temperature tensile strength of the Ti alloy is 800MPa, and the high-temperature tensile breaking strain is 0.08.
The longitudinal wave velocity of the Ti alloy material is 4400m/s measured by a sound velocity measuring instrument, and the density of the Ti alloy material is 4.52g/cm measured by an Archimedes drainage method3。
High strain rate compressive strength (1200MPa), high strain rate compressive strain at break (0.45), high temperature tensile strength (350MPa), high temperature tensile strain at break (0.06), longitudinal wave velocity (4400m/s) and density (4.52 g/cm)3) Substituted into formula II-2, and the initial volume of the liner is 20.4cm3The mean diameter of the jet was calculated to be 8.74 mm.
An X-ray diagram of the jet process of the petroleum perforating charge type cover material in the embodiment is shown in FIG. 4, the diameter of the middle part of the jet is about 8.57mm, and is close to the result predicted by the prediction method provided by the invention, and the accuracy of the prediction result of the method provided by the invention is high.
Example 2
Predicting the average jet diameter of the petroleum perforating charge type cover material with the caliber of 72mm, the wall thickness of 2mm and the cone angle of 72 degrees, wherein the material to be tested is Cu alloy.
The material property data of the material to be tested obtained by the test according to the method of the embodiment 1 are as follows: high strain rate compressive strength of 700MPa, high strain rate compressive strain at break of 0.45, high temperature tensile strength of 150MPa, high temperature tensile strain at break of 0.094, longitudinal wave velocity of 4423m/s and density of 15.35g/cm3The initial volume of the liner is 20.4cm3And substituting the material property values into a formula II-2 to calculate the average diameter of the jet flow to be 1.92 mm.
An X-ray diagram of the jet process of the petroleum perforating charge type cover material in the embodiment is shown in FIG. 5, the diameter of the middle part of the jet is about 1.98mm, and the result predicted by the prediction method provided by the invention is close, which shows that the accuracy of the prediction result of the method provided by the invention is high.
According to the prediction method provided by the invention, the material property factor is considered, so that the prediction value of the average jet diameter of the metal liner is more accurate.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A prediction method of the average diameter of a jet flow of a metal liner comprises the following steps:
(1) constructing a relation between the average diameter of the jet flow and the material attribute according to the stress state of the liner jet flow in the forming and moving process and by combining the action mechanism of the material attribute on the jet flow form in the forming and moving process of the jet flow;
the material properties comprise density, longitudinal wave velocity, high strain rate compressive strength, high strain rate compressive fracture strain, high temperature tensile strength and high temperature tensile fracture strain, wherein the strain rates of the high strain rate compressive strength and the high strain rate compressive fracture strain are independently more than or equal to 1 × 103S; the temperature of the high-temperature tensile strength and the high-temperature tensile breaking strain is independently more than or equal to 700 ℃;
(2) substituting the material property of the metal material into the jet flow average diameter-material property relational expression obtained in the step (1), and fitting to obtain a jet flow average diameter-material property equation;
(3) and (3) providing the material attribute of the metal liner to be tested, and obtaining the predicted value of the average diameter of the energy-gathered jet of the metal liner to be tested by using the jet average diameter-material attribute equation obtained in the step (2).
2. The prediction method of claim 1, wherein the geometry of the metal liner is a hollow cone; the inner wall bus of the hollow cone is parallel to the outer wall bus; the cone angle of the hollow cone is 60-90 degrees; the wall thickness of the hollow cone is 0.5-3 mm.
3. The prediction method of claim 1, wherein the jet mean diameter-material property relationship is represented by formula I:
Figure FDA0002401066010000011
in the formula I, rjRepresents the jet mean diameter, in mm;
V0represents the initial volume of the liner in cm3；
Oc means proportional to;
εhcrepresents high strain rate compressive fracture strain, dimensionless;
σhcrepresents the high strain rate compressive strength in MPa;
σHThigh temperature tensile strength in MPa;
ρ0expressed as density in kg/m3；
C0Representing the longitudinal wave sound velocity with the unit of m/s;
εHTrepresents the high temperature tensile breaking strain without dimension.
4. The prediction method of claim 1, wherein the mathematical equation of the jet mean diameter-material property relation is shown in formula II:
Figure FDA0002401066010000021
in the formula II, rjRepresents the jet mean diameter, in mm;
V0represents the initial volume of the liner in cm3；
k. M and N represent parameters, and are constants;
εhcrepresents high strain rate compressive fracture strain, dimensionless;
σhcrepresents the high strain rate compressive strength in MPa;
σHTexpress high temperature tensile strength, singlyThe bit is MPa;
ρ0expressed as density in kg/m3；
C0Representing the longitudinal wave sound velocity with the unit of m/s;
εHTrepresents the high temperature tensile breaking strain without dimension.
5. The prediction method of claim 1, wherein the mathematical equation of the jet mean diameter-material property relation is as shown in equation II-2:
Figure FDA0002401066010000022
in the formula II-2, rjRepresents the jet mean diameter, in mm;
V0represents the initial volume of the liner in cm3；
εhcRepresents high strain rate compressive fracture strain, dimensionless;
σhcrepresents the high strain rate compressive strength in MPa;
σHThigh temperature tensile strength in MPa;
ρ0expressed as density in kg/m3；
C0Representing the longitudinal wave sound velocity with the unit of m/s;
εHTrepresents the high temperature tensile breaking strain without dimension.
6. Use of the prediction method of any one of claims 1 to 5 for guiding the design of a liner material.
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