CN111322341B - Air spring, and control system and control method of air spring - Google Patents

Air spring, and control system and control method of air spring Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111322341B
CN111322341B CN202010160982.6A CN202010160982A CN111322341B CN 111322341 B CN111322341 B CN 111322341B CN 202010160982 A CN202010160982 A CN 202010160982A CN 111322341 B CN111322341 B CN 111322341B
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air
air chamber
spring
chamber
pressure
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CN111322341A (en
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张不扬
徐婷
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
    • F16F9/0209—Telescopic
    • F16F9/0218—Mono-tubular units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/005—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a wound spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/007—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a wound spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
    • F16F9/0209—Telescopic
    • F16F9/0245—Means for adjusting the length of, or for locking, the spring or dampers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
    • F16F9/0209—Telescopic
    • F16F9/0281—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
    • F16F9/0209—Telescopic
    • F16F9/0281—Details
    • F16F9/029—Details electrical, e.g. connections or contacts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/43—Filling or drainage arrangements, e.g. for supply of gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2222/00—Special physical effects, e.g. nature of damping effects
    • F16F2222/12—Fluid damping
    • F16F2222/126—Fluid damping using gases

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the air spring technology and discloses an air spring, and a control system and a control method of the air spring. The air spring of the present invention includes: the cylinder body is provided with an upper cover and a lower cover, the upper cover is provided with at least one first air hole, and the lower cover is provided with at least one second air hole and at least one third air hole; the piston is arranged in the cylinder body and is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the cylinder body, the piston separates the interior of the cylinder body into an upper air chamber and a lower air chamber, and the upper air chamber is not communicated with the lower air chamber through air; a push rod penetrating through the lower cover, wherein one end of the push rod is fixedly connected with the piston so as to linearly reciprocate along the cylinder body along with the piston; and the elastic piece is arranged in the upper air chamber or the lower air chamber and is compressed or stretched along the vertical direction of the cylinder body. The air spring disclosed by the invention can realize the separation control of rigidity and height, is quick in response and has a failure protection function.

Description

Air spring, and control system and control method of air spring
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air springs, in particular to an air spring, and a control system and a control method of the air spring.
Background
The suspension is a general term for all force-transmitting connecting devices between a frame (or a load-bearing vehicle body) and an axle (or a wheel) of an automobile, and has the functions of transmitting force and torque acting between the wheel and the frame, buffering impact force transmitted to the frame or the vehicle body from an uneven road surface, and reducing vibration caused by the impact force so as to ensure that the automobile can run smoothly. Modern automobiles put more and more importance on the riding comfort of passengers, and research on a suspension system and design thereof has important significance for ensuring good riding comfort of the automobile. Automotive suspensions can be classified into steel spring suspensions and air suspensions mainly made of rubber materials according to the material and characteristics of elastic elements thereof.
The working principle of the air spring is that inert gas or oil-gas mixture is filled in a closed pressure cylinder, so that the pressure in a cavity is several times or dozens of times higher than the atmospheric pressure, and the motion of a piston rod is realized by utilizing the pressure difference generated by the fact that the cross section area of the piston rod is smaller than that of the piston. The air spring has ideal nonlinear elastic characteristics, after the height adjusting device is additionally arranged, the height of a vehicle body does not change along with the increase and decrease of the load, the rigidity of the spring can be designed to be lower, and the riding comfort is good.
However, the air suspension composed of the air spring has a complex structure and relatively small volume without a spiral spring; the manufacturing cost is high, and the service life is relatively short; and the rigidity and the height of the air spring can not be controlled separately, the response is slow and quick, and the air spring does not have the function of failure protection.
Disclosure of Invention
A first object of the present invention is to provide an air spring, which aims to solve the technical problems that the air spring in the related art cannot realize rigidity and height separation control of the air spring, has slow response and does not have fail-safe.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: an air spring comprising: the cylinder body is provided with an upper cover and a lower cover, the upper cover is provided with at least one first air hole, and the lower cover is provided with at least one second air hole and at least one third air hole; the piston is arranged in the cylinder body and is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the cylinder body, the piston separates the interior of the cylinder body into an upper air chamber and a lower air chamber, and the upper air chamber is not communicated with the lower air chamber in a gas-free mode; one end of the push rod is fixedly connected with the piston so as to linearly reciprocate along the cylinder body along with the piston; and the elastic piece is arranged in the upper air chamber or the lower air chamber and is compressed or stretched along the vertical direction of the cylinder body.
Optionally, the method further comprises: the tee joint is connected with the first air hole and the third air hole; the three-way valve and the second air hole are both provided with controllable switch valves.
Optionally, the upper cover and/or the lower cover and the cylinder body are of an integral structure or fixedly connected with the cylinder body.
Optionally, the fixed connection is a threaded connection.
Optionally, the number of the first air holes is 1; and/or the number of the second air holes is 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 or 12; and/or the number of the third air holes is 2, 4 or 6.
Optionally, the elastic member arranged in the upper air chamber is an extension spring or a diaphragm spring; and the elastic part arranged in the lower air chamber is a compression spring or a diaphragm spring.
Optionally, the contact surface between the upper cover and the cylinder body, the contact surface between the lower cover and the cylinder body, the contact surface between the inner side wall of the cylinder body and the piston, and the contact surface between the push rod and the lower cover are in sealing fit through sealing rings.
Optionally, the stiffness of the elastic member satisfies the following condition:
under initial conditions:
(P1_0+Pa)A≥(KsΔxs_max+P2_0A)
in the pressurized state:
(KsΔxs+P2A+PaA)≥(P1+Pa)A
when stabilized, the internal pressure of the air spring is:
P1A＝(KsΔxs+P2A)
wherein, P1Is the pressure of the upper chamber, P1_0To initiate the pressure of the upper chamber, KsFor the stiffness of the steel spring, A is the area of the piston, Δ xsIs the compression of the steel spring, Δ xs_maxFor maximum compression of said steel spring in operation, P2Is the pressure of the lower air chamber, P2_0To initiate the pressure of said lower chamber, PaIs the pressure in the atmospheric environment.
Optionally, the push rod is hollow.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a control system of an air spring, including: a control circuit and an air spring as described above; wherein the first air hole is connected to a high-pressure air source or the external environment through the tee joint; the second air hole is connected to a low-pressure vacuum air source through the controllable switch valve; the third air hole is connected to a high-pressure air source or the external environment through the tee joint; the controllable switch valve is also arranged at the opening of the tee joint; the control circuit is electrically connected with the controllable switch valve to control the opening and closing of the controllable switch valve.
Optionally, the low pressure vacuum air source is an engine intake manifold or an air extractor.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a control method of an air spring, including: when the upper air chamber is required to work and the lower air chamber does not work, the lower air chamber is connected with an air inlet manifold and the pressure of the lower air chamber is lower than the external environment;
when the height and the rigidity of the air spring need to be changed and the lower air chamber needs to be rapidly charged, the connection between the lower air chamber and an air inlet manifold is closed, and the connection between the lower air chamber and the high-pressure air source is opened;
when the rigidity or height of the air spring needs to be changed and the lower air chamber needs to be deflated quickly, the connection between the lower air chamber and the external environment and the connection between the lower air chamber and an intake manifold are opened;
when the height and the rigidity of the air spring need to be changed but the lower air chamber does not need to make quick response, the lower air chamber is inflated through the high-pressure air source or is exhausted through the external environment.
An air spring provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: the cylinder body is provided with an upper cover and a lower cover, the upper cover is provided with at least one first air hole, and the lower cover is provided with at least one second air hole and at least one third air hole; the piston is arranged in the cylinder body and is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the cylinder body, the piston separates the interior of the cylinder body into an upper air chamber and a lower air chamber, and the upper air chamber is not communicated with the lower air chamber through air; a push rod penetrating through the lower cover, wherein one end of the push rod is fixedly connected with the piston so as to linearly reciprocate along the cylinder body along with the piston; and the elastic piece is arranged in the upper air chamber or the lower air chamber and is compressed or stretched along the vertical direction of the cylinder body. On one hand, the air spring provided by the embodiment of the invention can play a role in supporting a suspension through the elastic piece when the sealing of the cylinder body fails; on the other hand, the second air hole is introduced to be connected with an engine intake manifold, so that the lower air chamber is in a vacuum environment, and the effect of quick response can be realized; and the upper air chamber and the lower air chamber are not communicated with each other by gas, so that the rigidity and the height of the air spring can be controlled in a separated manner.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air spring provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an external schematic view of an air spring provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an upper cover of an air spring provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a lower cover of an air spring provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a piston of an air spring provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an air spring control system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the drawings:
200. a cylinder body; 201. an upper cover; 202. a lower cover; 203. a piston; 204. an elastic member; 205. a push rod; 206. a nut; 207. a bolt;
190. a first air hole; 191. a second air hole; 192. a third air hole;
300. a controllable on-off valve; 301. a tee joint; 302. a low pressure vacuum source; 303. a control circuit; 304. and (4) a high-pressure gas source.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
It will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit indication of the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The air spring provided by the embodiment of the invention is mainly installed on a suspension of an SUV or a commercial vehicle.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, an air spring according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a cylinder 200 having an upper cap 201 and a lower cap 202, the upper cap 201 being provided with at least one first air hole 190, the lower cap 202 being provided with at least one second air hole 191 and at least one third air hole 192; the piston 203 is arranged in the cylinder body 200 and is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the cylinder body 200, the piston 203 separates the interior of the cylinder body 200 into an upper air chamber and a lower air chamber, and the upper air chamber is not communicated with the lower air chamber in a gas-free manner; a push rod 205 penetrating the lower cover 202, one end of the push rod 205 being fixedly connected to the piston 203 so as to linearly reciprocate along the cylinder 200 with the piston 203; and an elastic member 204 provided in the upper or lower air chamber, the elastic member 204 being compressed or stretched in the up-down direction of the cylinder 200. On one hand, when the sealing of the upper air chamber or the lower air chamber fails, the elastic element 204 can still be used for realizing the function of supporting the suspension; on the other hand, the upper air chamber and the lower air chamber are not communicated with each other by gas, so that the height and the rigidity of the air spring can be separately controlled. When the air spring needs to respond quickly, the lower air chamber is connected with an engine intake manifold, the lower air chamber is in a vacuum state, the pressure of the upper air chamber is higher than that of the lower air chamber, and the lower air chamber can be inflated quickly through the third air holes 192, so that the purpose of quick response is achieved.
The upper cover 201, the cylinder 200 and the piston 203 enclose to form an upper air chamber, and the lower cover 202, the cylinder 200 and the piston 203 enclose to form a lower air chamber.
In one embodiment, the air spring further comprises: a tee 301 connected to the first air vent 190, the tee 301 connected to the third air vent 192; the tee 301 and the second vent 191 are both provided with controllable on-off valves 300. The controllable switch valve 300 realizes the opening and closing of the tee joint 301 through the control circuit 303, thereby controlling the inflation and deflation of the first air hole 190, the second air hole 191 and the third air hole 192.
In one embodiment, the upper cap 201 and the lower cap 202 are integrated with the cylinder 200. In a specific application, the upper cover 201 and the cylinder 200 may be integrated, or the lower cover 202 and the cylinder 200 may be integrated. Thus, the air spring is more tightly fixed, and the upper cover 201 and the lower cover 202 are not easily loosened from the cylinder body 200.
In one embodiment, the upper cap 201 and the lower cap 202 are fixedly coupled to the cylinder block 200. In a specific application, the upper cover 201 may be fixedly connected to the cylinder 200, or the lower cover 202 may be fixedly connected to the cylinder 200. The fixed connection may be a threaded connection, specifically, a connection through a bolt 207 or a nut 206.
In one embodiment, 1 first air hole 190, 2 second air holes 191, and 6 third air holes 192 may be provided. In one embodiment, the number of the second air holes 191 may be 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 or 12, and the intake manifold of the engine is located between the throttle valve and the intake valve of the engine, which is called as the intake manifold, because the air flow channel is branched after the air enters the throttle valve and passes through the intake manifold buffer system, and the number of the air flow channels corresponds to the number of cylinders of the engine, for example, four channels in a four-cylinder engine and five channels in a five-cylinder engine. The number of the second air holes 191 may be set accordingly according to the number of intake manifolds of the engine. Similarly, the number of the third air holes 192 is set to be plural, for example, 2 or 4, and the third air holes 192 can enable the lower air chamber to exhaust air quickly, and accelerate the exhaust air by increasing the exhaust area and increasing the pressure difference. Similarly, the number of the first air holes 190 may also be set to be plural, for example, 2 or 3, so as to achieve the effect of quick inflation or deflation of the upper air chamber.
In one embodiment, the elastic member 204 disposed in the lower air chamber is an extension spring or a diaphragm spring; in a specific application, the elastic member 204 provided in the lower air chamber may be attached to the upper air chamber, but the elastic member 204 provided in the upper air chamber may be a compression spring or a diaphragm spring.
In one embodiment, the contact surface between the upper cover 201 and the cylinder 200, the contact surface between the lower cover 202 and the cylinder 200, the contact surface between the inner side wall of the cylinder 200 and the piston 203, and the contact surface between the push rod 205 and the lower cover 202 are all in sealing fit through sealing rings. The seal ring may be an O-ring seal. The sealing ring can avoid gas leakage, has good sealing effect, and ensures the quick response of the air spring.
In one embodiment, the design of the air spring and the structure thereof needs to consider the selection of the elastic member 204, and the stiffness thereof should satisfy the following conditions:
under initial conditions:
(P1_0+Pa)A≥(KsΔxs_max+P2_0A)
in the pressurized state:
(KsΔxs+P2A+PaA)≥(P1+Pa)A
when stabilized, the internal pressure of the air spring is:
P1A＝(KsΔxs+P2A)
wherein, P1Is the pressure of the upper air chamber, P1_0Is the pressure of the initial upper chamber, KsFor the stiffness of the steel spring 204, A is the area of the piston 203, Δ xsIs the compression amount, Δ x, of the steel elastic member 204s_maxIs the maximum compression, P, of the steel spring 204 during operation2Pressure of lower air chamber, P2_0Is the pressure of the initial lower chamber, PaIs the pressure in the atmospheric environment.
In one embodiment, the push rod 205 may be provided as a hollow. In practice, the upper cover 201 is connected to the body of the vehicle, the lower cover 202 is connected to the half shaft, and the damper (not shown) may be installed at a hollow position of the push rod 205. The damper is a device for providing resistance to movement and reducing movement energy. The damping is utilized to absorb energy and absorb shock, and the damper can be applied to absorb shock and dissipate energy in the automobile industry.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a control system for an air spring, including: a control circuit 303 and an air spring; wherein, the first air hole 190 is connected to the high pressure air source 304 or the external environment through the tee 301; the second air hole 191 is connected to a low-pressure vacuum air source 302 through a controllable switch valve 300; the third air hole 192 is connected to the high pressure air source 304 or the external environment through a tee 301; the controllable switch valve 300 is also arranged at the opening of the tee joint 301; the control circuit 303 is electrically connected to the controllable on-off valve 300 to control the on-off of the controllable on-off valve 300. The controllable switch valve 300 is arranged at the opening of the tee 301 and used for controlling the airflow of the tee 301.
In one embodiment, low pressure vacuum source 302 is an engine intake manifold. In a specific application, the low pressure vacuum source 302 is an air pump. The air pump may cause the lower chamber to be in a vacuum state.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a control method of the air spring, which comprises the following steps: when the upper air chamber is required to work and the lower air chamber does not work, the lower air chamber is connected with the air inlet manifold and the pressure of the lower air chamber is lower than the external environment;
when the height and the rigidity of the air spring need to be changed and the lower air chamber needs to be rapidly charged, the connection between the lower air chamber and the intake manifold is closed, and the connection between the lower air chamber and the high-pressure air source 304 is opened;
when the rigidity or height of the air spring needs to be changed and the lower air chamber needs to be deflated quickly, the connection between the lower air chamber and the external environment and the connection between the lower air chamber and the air inlet manifold are opened;
when the height and the rigidity of the air spring need to be changed but the lower air chamber does not need to make a quick response, the lower air chamber is inflated through a high-pressure air source or is exhausted through the external environment.
The upper air chamber is connected with the high-pressure air source 304 and the external environment only through the tee joint 301, has no quick response capability, and can realize the rigidity and height separation control of the air spring by charging and discharging and matching with the lower air chamber.
It should be noted that the quick response function of the air spring has both a quick deflation and a quick inflation when connected to the intake manifold. When the air spring needs quick response, only the lower air chamber is subjected to quick response control. If the lower air chamber needs to be quickly deflated, a plurality of third air holes 192 are selected to be opened to deliver air to the external environment, and the valve of the controllable switch valve 300, of which the second air hole 191 is communicated with the engine intake manifold, is opened.
The lower chamber is connected to the engine intake manifold, which is designed with reference to the brake pedal vacuum booster of the vehicle. A vacuum hose of the vacuum booster is connected with an air inlet manifold, and a rear cavity is communicated with the atmosphere during working, so that pressure difference is caused. Therefore, the vacuum booster can amplify the force of the driver for stepping on the brake pedal through the pressure difference of the front air cavity and the rear air cavity, and the operation of the driver is facilitated.
The working principle of the lower air chamber is the same as that of the upper air chamber, when the lower air chamber is in normal use, only the upper air chamber is used, the lower air chamber is used as a standby air chamber, the lower air chamber is not inflated and is connected with the air inlet manifold, the second air hole 191 is opened, the lower air chamber is in a low-pressure state (lower than the external environment), and the elastic element 204 is compressed. When the lower air chamber needs to work, the third air hole 192 is opened, and the restoring force of the elastic member 204 and the pressure generated by the air pressure of the lower air chamber form a thrust force, so that the piston 203 is pushed to move, the air in the upper air chamber is squeezed, and the pressure of the upper air chamber is increased. Because the elastic member 204 provides a greater thrust when compressed, and the lower air chamber is in a low pressure state in the initial period, the pressure difference between the lower air chamber and the high pressure air source 304 is the greatest, and therefore the working speed of the air spring can be increased.
It should be noted that the stiffness and height separation control can only achieve a fast response within a small range. The upper air chamber and the lower air chamber adjust the pressure of the upper air chamber and the lower air chamber according to the pressure and rigidity meter and the pressure and height meter which are calibrated in advance. When the quick response of the air spring is not needed, the upper air chamber and the lower air chamber are supplied with air through the high-pressure air source 304, and high-pressure air is directly released to the external environment to reduce the air pressure of the upper air chamber or the lower air chamber. The air pressure of the upper and lower chambers is less than the air pressure of the high pressure air source 304.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A control system for an air spring, comprising: control circuit and air spring, air spring includes: the cylinder body is provided with an upper cover and a lower cover, the upper cover is provided with at least one first air hole, and the lower cover is provided with at least one second air hole and at least one third air hole; the piston is arranged in the cylinder body and is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the cylinder body, the piston separates the interior of the cylinder body into an upper air chamber and a lower air chamber, and the upper air chamber is not communicated with the lower air chamber in a gas-free mode; one end of the push rod is fixedly connected with the piston so as to linearly reciprocate along the cylinder body along with the piston; the elastic piece is arranged in the upper air chamber or the lower air chamber and is compressed or stretched along the vertical direction of the cylinder body; further comprising: the tee joint is connected with the first air hole and the third air hole; the three-way valve and the second air hole are provided with controllable switch valves;
the upper cover and the lower cover are connected with the cylinder body through bolts and nuts;
wherein the first air hole is connected to a high-pressure air source or the external environment through the tee joint; the second air hole is connected to a low-pressure vacuum air source through the controllable switch valve; the third air hole is connected to a high-pressure air source or the external environment through the tee joint; the controllable switch valve is also arranged at the opening of the tee joint; the control circuit is electrically connected with the controllable switch valve so as to control the opening and closing of the controllable switch valve;
when the upper air chamber is required to work and the lower air chamber does not work, the lower air chamber is connected with an air inlet manifold and the pressure of the lower air chamber is lower than the external environment;
when the height and the rigidity of the air spring need to be changed and the lower air chamber needs to be rapidly charged, the connection between the lower air chamber and an air inlet manifold is closed, and the connection between the lower air chamber and the high-pressure air source is opened;
when the rigidity or height of the air spring needs to be changed and the lower air chamber needs to be deflated quickly, the connection between the lower air chamber and the external environment and the connection between the lower air chamber and an intake manifold are opened;
when the height and the rigidity of the air spring need to be changed but the lower air chamber does not need to make quick response, the lower air chamber is inflated through the high-pressure air source or is exhausted through the external environment.
2. The control system for an air spring of claim 1, wherein said first air vent is 1; and/or the number of the second air holes is 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 or 12; and/or the number of the third air holes is 2, 4 or 6.
3. The control system of air spring according to claim 2, wherein the elastic member provided in said upper air chamber is an extension spring or a diaphragm spring; and the elastic part arranged in the lower air chamber is a compression spring or a diaphragm spring.
4. The control system of air spring according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the contact surface of said upper cover with said cylinder, the contact surface of said lower cover with said cylinder, the contact surface of the inner side wall of said cylinder with said piston, and the contact surface of said push rod with said lower cover are sealingly engaged by sealing rings.
5. The control system of air spring according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rigidity of said elastic member satisfies the following condition:
under initial conditions:
(P1_0+Pa)A≥(KsΔxs_max+P2_0A)
in the pressurized state:
(KsΔxs+P2A+PaA)≥(P1+Pa)A
when stabilized, the internal pressure of the air spring is:
P1A＝(KsΔxs+P2A)
wherein, P1Is the pressure of the upper chamber, P1_0To initiate the pressure of the upper chamber, KsFor the stiffness of the elastic member, A is the area of the piston, Δ xsIs the compression of the elastic member, Δ xs_maxFor maximum compression of said elastic member in operation, P2Is the pressure of the lower air chamber, P2_0To initiate the pressure of said lower chamber, PaIs the pressure in the atmospheric environment.
6. Control system for an air spring according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the push rod is hollow.
7. The control system for an air spring of claim 1, wherein said source of low pressure vacuum is an engine intake manifold.
8. A control method of the control system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
when the upper air chamber is required to work and the lower air chamber does not work, the lower air chamber is connected with an air inlet manifold and the pressure of the lower air chamber is lower than the external environment;
when the height and the rigidity of the air spring need to be changed and the lower air chamber needs to be rapidly charged, the connection between the lower air chamber and an air inlet manifold is closed, and the connection between the lower air chamber and the high-pressure air source is opened;
when the rigidity or height of the air spring needs to be changed and the lower air chamber needs to be deflated quickly, the connection between the lower air chamber and the external environment and the connection between the lower air chamber and an intake manifold are opened;
when the height and the rigidity of the air spring need to be changed but the lower air chamber does not need to make quick response, the lower air chamber is inflated through the high-pressure air source or is exhausted through the external environment.
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