CN111321588A - Wave-absorbing material based on vertical micro-porous flexible non-woven fabric and preparation and application thereof - Google Patents
Wave-absorbing material based on vertical micro-porous flexible non-woven fabric and preparation and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111321588A CN111321588A CN202010328155.3A CN202010328155A CN111321588A CN 111321588 A CN111321588 A CN 111321588A CN 202010328155 A CN202010328155 A CN 202010328155A CN 111321588 A CN111321588 A CN 111321588A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/20—Polyalkenes, polymers or copolymers of compounds with alkenyl groups bonded to aromatic groups
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/32—Polyesters
Abstract
The invention discloses a wave-absorbing material based on a vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric, and a preparation method and application thereof. The wave-absorbing material comprises vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric, the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric comprises fiber bodies which are vertically arranged and have a net structure, uniform and directionally arranged pores are arranged in the fiber bodies, and the pores are communicated with the other side from one side of the fiber bodies; wave-absorbing powder is uniformly adsorbed in the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric. The wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric can have high absorption rate to electromagnetic waves in a wider frequency band; meanwhile, the microwave absorbing material has the technical effects of light weight, adjustable and controllable electromagnetic wave absorption rate, capability of being molded and combined, deep wave absorption and active directional wave absorption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, in particular to an electromagnetic wave absorbing material based on a vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
An electromagnetic wave absorbing material refers to a class of materials that absorb the energy of electromagnetic waves incident on its surface. In the increasingly important stealth and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) technology, the role and position of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials are prominent, and the electromagnetic wave absorbing materials have become electronic countermeasures and 'secret weapons' in modern military.
The wave-absorbing materials are generally divided into two types, one is a wave-absorbing coating coated on the surface of a target, and the other is a structural wave-absorbing material with the thickness reaching the centimeter level. The wave-absorbing coating adopts the interference principle and has narrow absorption frequency range. The structural wave-absorbing material adopts a multiple scattering absorption principle, and compared with a wave-absorbing coating, the absorption frequency band is widened, and the absorption effect is good. The common structural wave-absorbing materials at present mainly comprise polyurethane foam type, non-woven fabric flame-retardant type formed by flat net, silicate plate metal film assembly type and the like.
However, in the process of implementing the technical solution of the invention in the embodiments of the present application, the inventors of the present application find that the above-mentioned technology has at least the following technical problems:
1. in engineering application, the electromagnetic wave absorbing material is required to have high absorption rate to electromagnetic waves in a wider frequency band, and also required to have the properties of light weight, temperature resistance, moisture resistance, corrosion resistance and the like. And the structural wave-absorbing material is heavy in weight and high in manufacturing cost.
2. Although the existing structural wave-absorbing material can work in a wide working frequency range and can be made into any shape, micropores in the structural wave-absorbing material are uniformly and nondirectionally arranged, wave-absorbing particles are filled in the micropores, and electromagnetic waves are emitted and absorbed at the interface of the micropores. As a conventional non-woven fabric material, a fiber net is a parallel flat net-shaped structure, is influenced by the weight of fibers, so that gaps among the fibers are smaller, fiber gap holes are broken and discontinuous, only micropores on the surface can form a wave absorbing effect, and the defects of insufficient wave absorbing depth and insufficient wave absorbing attenuation amplitude are overcome. Like the porous sponge material, the holes formed by the open-pore sponge are intermittent shallow holes, the opening directions of the holes are disordered, active openings cannot meet electromagnetic waves, only the electromagnetic waves passing through the holes are passively selected, and the rest of the electromagnetic waves are reflected by the solid part of the material to influence the wave absorbing effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The wave-absorbing material based on the vertical micro-porous flexible non-woven fabric solves the technical problems that the structural wave-absorbing material in the prior art is heavy in weight, insufficient in wave-absorbing depth, insufficient in wave-absorbing attenuation amplitude and only capable of passively absorbing waves; the wave-absorbing material provided by the embodiment of the application can have high absorption rate to electromagnetic waves in a wider frequency band; meanwhile, the microwave absorbing material has the technical effects of light weight, adjustable and controllable electromagnetic wave absorption rate, capability of being molded and combined, deep wave absorption and active directional wave absorption.
The embodiment of the application provides a wave-absorbing material based on vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric, which comprises the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric, wherein the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric comprises fiber bodies which are in a vertical net structure, uniform and directionally arranged pores are arranged in the fiber bodies, and the pores are communicated with the communication holes from one side of the fiber bodies to the other side of the fiber bodies; wave-absorbing powder is uniformly adsorbed in the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric.
Preferably, the wave-absorbing powder is one or a combination of more of conductive carbon black, hydroxyl iron, ferrite and magnetic metal micro powder.
Preferably, the fiber body comprises main body fibers and molten hot melt fibers, and the main body fibers are bonded together through the molten hot melt fibers.
More preferably, the host fiber is a permanent flame retardant fiber.
More preferably, the host fiber is a recyclable fiber.
More preferably, the host fiber is a colored fiber.
More preferably, the host fiber is a noctilucent fiber.
Preferably, the shape of the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is one or a combination of a plurality of flat plates, pyramids and corrugations.
Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the pores is any one of a circle, a triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon and a hexagon.
The embodiment of the application also provides a preparation method of the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a wave-absorbing powder solution;
preparing vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric;
and soaking the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric in the wave-absorbing powder solution, taking out and drying to obtain the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric.
Preferably, the step of preparing the wave-absorbing powder solution comprises:
dispersing the wave-absorbing powder, the adhesive and the penetrant in water to form a wave-absorbing powder solution.
More preferably, in the wave-absorbing powder solution, the solid content of the wave-absorbing powder is 15 wt% -30 wt%.
Preferably, the step of preparing the erect microporous flexible non-woven fabric comprises:
mixing low-melting-point fibers with main fibers, carding to form a web, processing to obtain a fiber body with a folding type net structure, and drying to form the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric.
More preferably, the step of preparing the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric further comprises the following steps:
cutting the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric into a set shape and/or a set thickness;
the step of preparing the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric further comprises the following steps:
and combining the cut vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabrics with the set shape and/or the set thickness to form the layered wave-absorbing material with a gradient and/or special-shaped appearance structure.
Preferably, the liquid carrying rate of the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric taken out of the wave absorbing powder solution is 100 wt% -200 wt%.
Preferably, the amount of the wave-absorbing powder absorbed by the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is controlled by controlling the time for soaking the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric in the wave-absorbing powder solution, the liquid carrying rate of the taken vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric and the solid content of the wave-absorbing powder in the wave-absorbing powder solution, so that the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric with different wave-absorbing effects is obtained.
The embodiment of the application also provides application of the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric, which is characterized in that the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is applied to weaponry and military facilities as a stealth material; or
The wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is applied to an interferent, so that the interference of the interferent on radar or communication equipment is shielded; or
The wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is used as an electromagnetic radiation safety protection material; or
The wave-absorbing material based on the vertical micro-porous flexible non-woven material is applied to a microwave darkroom and laid on the wall surface of the microwave darkroom.
Preferably, when the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is applied, the pores in the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric are in the direction of meeting electromagnetic waves, so as to perform active directional wave-absorbing.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
(1) the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is an aggregate of porous fiber materials and has the characteristic of light weight;
(2) the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is uniformly and directionally arranged, and the communicating micropores which penetrate from one side of the fiber to the other side of the fiber have the characteristics of good elasticity, pressure resistance and fluffiness, and upward penetration of openings, can deeply attenuate electromagnetic waves entering the communicating micropores, and can have high absorption rate on the electromagnetic waves in a wider frequency band;
(3) the size of the communicated micropores in the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is adjustable and controllable, the arrangement direction of the communicated micropores can be randomly placed, and the communicated micropores can be arranged in the direction of meeting electromagnetic waves according to requirements, so that active directional wave absorption is realized;
(4) in the process of compounding the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric and the wave-absorbing powder material, after the wave-absorbing powder material is prepared into liquid, the doping amount of the wave-absorbing powder material in the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric can be controlled by controlling the solid content of the wave-absorbing powder in the wave-absorbing powder solution, the time for soaking the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric in the wave-absorbing powder solution, the liquid carrying rate of the taken vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric and the like, so that the electromagnetic wave absorption rate of the obtained wave-absorbing material is controlled, the wave-absorbing material with different electromagnetic wave absorption rates is formed, and the application requirements of different working conditions are met.
(5) The wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric can be cut into different forms according to the use requirements, and can be combined in different forms to form a layered wave-absorbing structure material with gradient and special-shaped appearance structures, so that different application working conditions are met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a wave-absorbing material based on a vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric provided in a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a wave-absorbing material based on a vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric provided in the first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for preparing a wave-absorbing material based on a vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a wave-absorbing material based on a vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric provided in the second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a wave-absorbing material based on a vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric provided in the third embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The wave-absorbing material based on the vertical micro-porous flexible non-woven fabric solves the technical problems that the structural wave-absorbing material in the prior art is heavy in weight, insufficient in wave-absorbing depth, insufficient in wave-absorbing attenuation amplitude and only capable of passively absorbing waves; the wave-absorbing material provided by the embodiment of the application can have high absorption rate to electromagnetic waves in a wider frequency band; meanwhile, the microwave absorbing material has the technical effects of light weight, adjustable and controllable electromagnetic wave absorption rate, capability of being molded and combined, deep wave absorption and active directional wave absorption.
In order to solve the problem of crosstalk, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application has the following general idea:
the wave-absorbing material is prepared by combining vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric with uniformly and directionally arranged micropores and wave-absorbing powder.
The wave-absorbing powder is one or a combination of more of conductive carbon black, hydroxyl iron, ferrite and magnetic metal micro powder. The wave-absorbing powder is uniformly absorbed in the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric.
In the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric, fibers are vertically arranged and are vertically arranged at 90 degrees, the structure is stable, micropores are kept constant, formed pores penetrate through the communicating holes from one side to the other side, electromagnetic waves entering the inside can be deeply attenuated, the sizes of the micropores are adjustable and controllable, the arrangement direction of the micropores can be randomly placed, and the micropores can be arranged in the direction meeting the electromagnetic waves according to requirements. The vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric has the characteristics of excellent elasticity and pressure resistance, good fluffiness and upward opening. Through reasonable collocation, micropores facing to the electromagnetic wave radiation direction can be arranged in any direction.
When the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is prepared, hot-melt fibers and other fibers are mixed, carded into a net, then formed into a foldable net-shaped structure fiber body by a foldable net-shaped device, and subjected to heat treatment by an oven to prepare the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric. The vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is a tight combination of fibers, the fibers are vertically arranged, and the fibers are bonded together through hot-melt fibers.
The vertical microporous flexible nonwoven fabric can be cut into various forms according to the use requirements, including but not limited to pyramid, flat plate, wave and the like, and various forms can be combined according to the actual use requirements.
In the process of compounding the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric and the wave-absorbing powder material, after the wave-absorbing powder material is prepared into liquid, the doping amount of the wave-absorbing powder material in the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric can be controlled by controlling the solid content of the wave-absorbing powder in the wave-absorbing powder solution, the time for soaking the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric in the wave-absorbing powder solution, the liquid carrying rate of the taken vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric and the like, so that the electromagnetic wave absorption rate of the obtained wave-absorbing material is controlled, the wave-absorbing material with different electromagnetic wave absorption rates is formed, and the application requirements of different working conditions are met.
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Example one
The embodiment provides a wave-absorbing material based on a vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric comprises a vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric, and wave-absorbing powder is uniformly adsorbed in the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric.
The vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric comprises fiber bodies 1 which are vertically arranged and are vertically arranged at 90 degrees and have a net-shaped structure, uniform and directionally arranged pores 2 are formed in the fiber bodies 1 with the net-shaped structure, and the pores 2 are communicated holes penetrating from one side of the fiber bodies 1 to the other side. The aperture 2 is adjustable and controllable, and its shape and size can be set and adjusted according to specific needs, including but not limited to, circular, triangular, quadrilateral, pentagonal, hexagonal, etc.
The vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is an aggregate of porous fiber materials and has the characteristic of light weight, so the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric also has the characteristic of light weight.
In the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric, the through holes 2 can deeply attenuate the electromagnetic waves entering the holes. The arrangement direction of the pores 2 can be randomly arranged, and the pores can be arranged in the direction of meeting electromagnetic waves according to requirements, so that active directional wave absorption is realized, and the absorption effect of the electromagnetic waves is improved.
By reasonably selecting the material of the fiber body 1, the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric has the properties of temperature resistance, moisture resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, and also has other excellent functions. As an alternative embodiment, a mixture of permanent flame-retardant fibers and low-melting-point fibers can be used to form a permanent flame-retardant vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric, which cannot be realized by sponge materials.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a wave-absorbing material based on a vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric, as shown in fig. 3, the method comprises the following steps:
step S201: preparing a wave-absorbing powder solution;
5g of 20-mesh conductive carbon black, 5g of adhesive and 100g of penetrating agent are dispersed in water to form wave-absorbing powder solution, wherein the solid content of the wave-absorbing powder is 30 wt%.
Step S202: preparing a flame-retardant vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric;
mixing 30 wt% of PE/PET (polyethylene/polyethylene terephthalate) low-melting-point fibers and 70 wt% of flame-retardant polyester fibers, carding to form a net, then passing through a folding net forming device to form a folding net-shaped structure fiber body, and performing heat treatment at 195 ℃ in an oven for 10 minutes to form the flame-retardant vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric, wherein the gram weight is 1200 g/square meter, and the thickness is 10-15 cm.
The flame-retardant vertical microporous flexible nonwoven fabric was cut into a flat shape with a height of 3cm as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
Step S203: compounding the flame-retardant vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric with the wave-absorbing powder;
and soaking the flame-retardant vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric in the wave-absorbing powder solution, taking out, controlling the liquid carrying capacity of the flame-retardant vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric to be 200 wt%, and drying at 100 ℃ for 30 minutes to obtain the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric.
In the embodiment, the adhesive is a BS-410 adhesive produced by Baishi high chemical engineering Co., Ltd, the penetrating agent is an AP type penetrating agent produced by Delong textile materials Co., Ltd, Fushan city, PE/PET low-melting-point fiber is low-melting-point fiber of 3D specification produced by Xiamenhang chemical fiber company, the flame-retardant polyester fiber is flame-retardant polyester fiber of 5D specification produced by Defulen chemical fiber company, and the folding type net-forming equipment is produced by Yintai mechanical factory of Toguan city.
Through tests, the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric prepared by the embodiment attenuates by 10Db in a wave band of 1-6 GHz; in the 6-18GHz band, the attenuation is 20 Db. Compared with the traditional structural wave-absorbing material, the attenuation effect is obviously improved.
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the application at least has the following technical effects or advantages:
(1) the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is an aggregate of porous fiber materials and has the characteristic of light weight;
(2) the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is uniformly and directionally arranged, and the communicating micropores which penetrate from one side of the fiber to the other side of the fiber have the characteristics of good elasticity, pressure resistance and fluffiness, and upward penetration of openings, can deeply attenuate electromagnetic waves entering the communicating micropores, and can have high absorption rate on the electromagnetic waves in a wider frequency band;
(3) the size of the communicated micropores in the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is adjustable and controllable, the arrangement direction of the communicated micropores can be randomly placed, and the communicated micropores can be arranged in the direction of meeting electromagnetic waves according to requirements, so that active directional wave absorption is realized.
In another alternative embodiment, the fibers are selected to be recyclable, making the substrate environmentally friendly and recyclable.
In another alternative embodiment, colored fibers are selected to achieve a color mimicking effect.
In another alternative embodiment, the luminous fiber is selected to achieve the function of personal identification.
The wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric provided in the embodiment is particularly suitable for the following fields in engineering application:
(1) as stealth materials for weaponry and military installations;
on various weaponry such as planes, missiles, tanks, naval vessels, warehouses and military facilities, the wave absorbing material based on the vertical micro-porous flexible non-woven fabric provided by the embodiment of the application can effectively absorb electric waves detected by radar and attenuate reflected signals, so that the radar of an enemy is difficult to detect targets, and the wave absorbing material is a powerful means for anti-radar detection.
The wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric provided by the embodiment can also be used for concealing airport navigation equipment such as a landing light, ground equipment, ship masts, decks, periscope supports of submarines, ventilation pipelines and other equipment with irregular shapes.
(2) The method is applied to interferers to improve the performance of radar or communication equipment;
false signals generated by the reflection of electromagnetic waves by the aircraft fuselage can cause false interception or false tracking of highly sensitive airborne radar. When several radars on one plane or one ship work simultaneously, the crosstalk between the radar receiving and transmitting antennas is sometimes very serious, and the own jammers on the plane or the ship can also interfere the own radars or communication equipment.
In order to reduce such interference, the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric provided by the embodiment can be arranged on the radar or the interference objects such as the communication equipment body, the antenna and the periphery, so that the effective magnetic shielding effect is realized, and the radar can find the enemy target more sensitively and more accurately;
the wave absorbing material based on the vertical micro-porous flexible non-woven fabric provided by the embodiment is arranged on the peripheral wall of the opening of the radar parabolic antenna, so that the interference of the side lobe on the main lobe can be reduced, the acting distance of the transmitting antenna is increased, and the interference effect of reducing the reflection of a false target on the receiving antenna is achieved.
By applying the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical micro-porous flexible non-woven fabric provided by the embodiment in a satellite communication system, the interference between communication lines can be avoided, and the sensitivity of a satellite-borne communication machine and a ground station is improved, so that the communication quality is improved.
(3) As electromagnetic radiation safety protection material
Due to the application of high-power radar, communication machines, microwave heating and other devices, preventing electromagnetic radiation or leakage and protecting the physical health of operators are a new and complicated subject. In addition, household appliances also generally have the problem of electromagnetic radiation. The wave-absorbing material based on the vertical micro-porous flexible non-woven fabric provided by the embodiment can be made into an outer cover to cover the outside of equipment with electromagnetic radiation, so that the harm of the electromagnetic radiation to personnel is effectively inhibited.
(4) Applied to a microwave darkroom
The microwave darkroom is mainly used for measuring the characteristic impedance and the coupling degree of a radar or a communication antenna, a missile, an airplane, an airship, a satellite and the like, or measuring a shoulder type antenna directional pattern for an astronaut, or installing, testing and adjusting a spacecraft
The wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is paved on each wall surface of a microwave dark room, so that a non-reflection equivalent free space (a noise-free area) can be formed in the dark room, and electromagnetic waves reflected from the periphery are much smaller than direct electromagnetic energy and can be ignored. The method has the beneficial effects of eliminating external clutter interference and improving the measurement precision and efficiency.
Example two
On the basis of the first embodiment, the present embodiment provides another optional method for preparing a wave-absorbing material based on a vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric by adjusting relevant steps and process parameters of the preparation method, and the method includes the following steps:
step S201: preparing a wave-absorbing powder solution;
5g of 20-mesh hydroxyl iron, 5g of adhesive and 100g of penetrating agent are dispersed in water to form wave-absorbing powder solution, wherein the solid content of the wave-absorbing powder is 15 wt%.
Step S202: preparing a flame-retardant vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric;
mixing 30 wt% of PE/PET (polyethylene/polyethylene terephthalate) low-melting-point fibers and 70 wt% of flame-retardant polyester fibers, carding to form a net, then passing through a folding net forming device to form a folding net-shaped structure fiber body, and performing heat treatment at 195 ℃ in an oven for 10 minutes to form the flame-retardant vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric with the gram weight of 1000 g/square meter.
The flame-retardant vertical microporous flexible nonwoven fabric was cut into a zigzag shape having a height of 1cm, a regular triangular zigzag shape, and a flat plate shape having a height of 2cm below, as shown in fig. 4.
Step S203: compounding the flame-retardant vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric with the wave-absorbing powder;
and soaking the flame-retardant vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric in the wave-absorbing powder solution, taking out, controlling the liquid carrying capacity of the flame-retardant vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric to be 100 wt%, and drying at 100 ℃ for 30 minutes to obtain the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric.
In the embodiment, the adhesive is a BS-410 adhesive produced by Baishi high chemical engineering Co., Ltd, the penetrating agent is an AP type penetrating agent produced by Delong textile materials Co., Ltd, Fushan city, PE/PET low-melting-point fiber is low-melting-point fiber of 3D specification produced by Xiamenhang chemical fiber company, the flame-retardant polyester fiber is flame-retardant polyester fiber of 5D specification produced by Defulen chemical fiber company, and the folding type net-forming equipment is produced by Yintai mechanical factory of Toguan city.
Through tests, the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric prepared by the embodiment attenuates 13Db in a wave band of 1-6 GHz; in the 6-18GHz band, the attenuation is 25 Db. Compared with the traditional structural wave-absorbing material, the wave-absorbing material has obviously improved attenuation effect, and the attenuation effect of the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric prepared in the embodiment is different from that of the wave-absorbing material prepared in the embodiment.
The technical solution in the embodiment of the present application, in addition to having the beneficial effects of the first embodiment, has the following technical effects or advantages:
(1) in the process of compounding the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric and the wave-absorbing powder material, after the wave-absorbing powder material is prepared into liquid, the doping amount of the wave-absorbing powder material in the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric can be controlled by controlling the solid content of the wave-absorbing powder in the wave-absorbing powder solution, the time for soaking the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric in the wave-absorbing powder solution, the liquid carrying rate of the taken vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric and the like, so that the electromagnetic wave absorption rate of the obtained wave-absorbing material is controlled, the wave-absorbing material with different electromagnetic wave absorption rates is formed, and the application requirements of different working conditions are met.
(2) The wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric can be cut into different forms according to the use requirements, and different application working conditions are met.
EXAMPLE III
On the basis of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the embodiment provides a wave-absorbing material with a layered gradient special-shaped structure.
Specifically, the wave absorbing material 10 based on the vertical micro-porous flexible non-woven fabric in the flat plate shape in the first embodiment is bonded with the wave absorbing material 20 based on the vertical micro-porous flexible non-woven fabric in the sawtooth shape in the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, the wave-absorbing material in the shape of sawtooth is located at the upper portion 20, and in the first embodiment, the wave-absorbing material in the shape of flat plate 10 is located at the lower portion, as shown in fig. 5, so that a layered wave-absorbing structure material with gradient and special-shaped appearance structure is formed.
The technical solution in the embodiment of the present application has the following technical effects or advantages in addition to the beneficial effects of the second embodiment: the wave-absorbing material can be cut into different forms according to actual use requirements, and various forms are combined to form a layered wave-absorbing structure material with gradient and special-shaped appearance structures, so that different application working conditions are met.
It should be understood that the terms "upper" and "lower" and the like, which are or may be referred to in this specification, are defined relative to the structures shown in the drawings, and are relative terms, so that the terms may be changed correspondingly according to different positions and different use states of the structures. Therefore, these and other directional terms should not be construed as limiting terms.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present application, and not to the limiting thereof in any way and any way, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications and equivalent arrangements to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application; moreover, any equivalent alterations, modifications and variations of the above-described embodiments according to the spirit and techniques of this application are intended to be within the scope of the claims of this application.
Claims (10)
1. A wave-absorbing material based on a vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is characterized by comprising a vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric, wherein the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric comprises fiber bodies which are vertically arranged and have a net structure, uniform and directionally arranged pores are arranged in the fiber bodies, and the pores are communicated with the other side of the fiber bodies from one side of the fiber bodies; wave-absorbing powder is uniformly adsorbed in the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric.
2. The wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the wave-absorbing powder is one or a combination of conductive carbon black, hydroxyl iron, ferrite and magnetic metal micro powder.
3. A preparation method of the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a wave-absorbing powder solution;
preparing vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric;
and soaking the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric in the wave-absorbing powder solution, taking out and drying to obtain the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric.
4. The method for preparing the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric according to claim 3, wherein the step of preparing the wave-absorbing powder solution comprises the following steps:
dispersing the wave-absorbing powder, the adhesive and the penetrant in water to form a wave-absorbing powder solution.
5. The method for preparing the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric according to claim 4, wherein the solid content of the wave-absorbing powder in the wave-absorbing powder solution is 15-30 wt%.
6. The method for preparing the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric according to claim 3, wherein the step of preparing the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
mixing low-melting-point fibers with main fibers, carding to form a web, processing to obtain a fiber body with a folding type net structure, and drying to form the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric.
7. The method for preparing the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric according to claim 6, wherein the step of preparing the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric further comprises:
cutting the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric into a set shape and/or a set thickness;
the step of preparing the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric further comprises the following steps:
and combining the cut vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabrics with the set shape and/or the set thickness to form the layered wave-absorbing material with a gradient and/or special-shaped appearance structure.
8. The method for preparing the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric according to claim 3, wherein the liquid carrying rate of the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric taken out of the wave-absorbing powder solution is 100-200 wt%.
9. The method for preparing the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric according to claim 3, wherein the amount of the wave-absorbing powder absorbed by the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is controlled by controlling the time for soaking the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric in the wave-absorbing powder solution, the liquid carrying rate of the taken vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric and the solid content of the wave-absorbing powder in the wave-absorbing powder solution, so as to obtain the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric with different wave-absorbing effects.
10. The application of the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is applied to weaponry and military facilities as a stealth material; or
The wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is applied to an interferent, so that the interference of the interferent on radar or communication equipment is shielded; or
The wave-absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is used as an electromagnetic radiation safety protection material; or
The wave absorbing material based on the vertical micro-porous flexible non-woven material is applied to a microwave darkroom and laid on the wall surface of the microwave darkroom;
when the wave absorbing material based on the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric is applied, the pores in the vertical microporous flexible non-woven fabric are in the direction of meeting electromagnetic waves, and active directional wave absorption is carried out.
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| CN202010328155.3A CN111321588A (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2020-04-23 | Wave-absorbing material based on vertical micro-porous flexible non-woven fabric and preparation and application thereof |
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