CN111321515A - Rapid water absorption type non-woven fabric and processing technology thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a quick water absorption type non-woven fabric which is prepared from functional fibers and polyester-nylon composite fibers through a hot air or hot rolling process, wherein the mass ratio of the functional fibers to the polyester-nylon composite fibers is 5: 4; the invention also discloses a processing technology of the non-woven fabric, which comprises the steps of mixing the functional fibers and the polyester-nylon composite fibers according to the mass ratio, opening, carding, cross lapping, hot air or hot rolling bonding of the fiber net, and drying. The functional fiber with high strength and excellent water absorption performance and antibacterial performance is obtained by synthesizing the functional monomer, copolymerizing the functional monomer and the acrylic monomer and further improving the spinning solution by the chitosan; the adopted polyester-nylon composite fiber not only has high strength, but also has skin-friendly property and strong water absorption; the two fibers are thermally spun into the non-woven fabric, and the obtained non-woven fabric has high water absorption performance and mechanical property, has better skin-friendly feeling and antibacterial performance on the basis of meeting the high water absorption requirement, and has wide application space.

Description

Rapid water absorption type non-woven fabric and processing technology thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of functional fabrics, and particularly relates to a quick water absorption type non-woven fabric and a processing technology thereof.

Background

The non-woven fabric is a non-woven fabric which is formed by directly utilizing high polymer slices, short fibers or filaments to form a net through air flow or machinery, then carrying out spunlace, needling or hot rolling reinforcement, and finally carrying out after-treatment. A novel fiber product having a soft, air-permeable and planar structure has the advantages of no generation of lint, toughness, durability, silky softness, and a cotton feel. The non-woven fabric is widely applied to the medical field, in the medical operation process, the blood, body fluid and other liquid of a patient are easily sprayed on the body of an operating doctor, and if the protection measures are insufficient, infection is easily caused. And the existing non-woven fabric has poor water absorption performance and cannot meet the requirements in practical use.

Chinese patent No. CN201410853153.0 discloses a biodegradable super absorbent non-woven fabric, which is prepared by compounding 30-50 wt% of multifunctional super absorbent alginate fiber and 50-70 wt% of bamboo fiber, wherein the multifunctional super absorbent alginate fiber is thermally bonded to a net, and the alginate fiber is subjected to modification treatment, so that the biodegradable super absorbent non-woven fabric not only has the property of easy degradation, but also has the antibacterial property, and the non-woven fabric has good water absorption, water retention, antibacterial property and biodegradability, and is mainly used for disposable hygienic products. However, almost half of the raw materials adopted by the non-woven fabric prepared by the application are alginate fibers, and the self water absorption performance of the alginate fibers is not very strong, so that the non-woven fabric prepared by the application still cannot meet the use requirement on the water absorption performance and is still deficient in the mechanical performance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a quick water absorption non-woven fabric and a processing technology thereof, which obtains a functional fiber with high strength and excellent water absorption performance and antibacterial performance by synthesizing a functional monomer, copolymerizing the functional monomer and an acrylic monomer and further improving a spinning solution by chitosan; the adopted polyester-nylon composite fiber not only has high strength, but also has skin-friendly property and strong water absorption performance; the two fibers are thermally spun into the non-woven fabric, so that the obtained non-woven fabric has high-efficiency water absorption performance and mechanical property, can meet the high water absorption requirement of the non-woven fabric, has good skin-friendly effect and antibacterial performance, and has wide application space.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

a quick water absorption type non-woven fabric is prepared from functional fibers and polyester-nylon composite fibers through a hot air or hot rolling process, wherein the mass ratio of the functional fibers to the polyester-nylon composite fibers is 5: 4.

Further, the polyester-nylon composite fiber is formed by weaving 70% of polyester and 30% of nylon through fission and decomposition.

Further, the functional fiber is prepared by the following method:

(1) completing reaction in a reflux device with magnetic stirring, weighing 1.18g of oxalyl hydrazine, adding the oxalyl hydrazine into a three-neck flask, then adding 1mL of absolute ethyl alcohol and 2-3 drops of acetic acid, then adding 1.01g of 3-pentene-2-ketone dropwise through a constant-pressure dropping funnel, refluxing until a large amount of white solid is separated out, stopping reaction, cooling, carrying out suction filtration, dissolving a crude product with absolute ethyl alcohol, and recrystallizing at low temperature to obtain a functional monomer;

(2) according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g: 10mL of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is added into pure water and heated to be dissolved, then acrylic acid, glycidyl methacrylate, a functional monomer and a cross-linking agent are dissolved in the pure water to form a mixed solution, the mixed solution is stirred for 7-8min, the obtained mixed solution is added into sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution, an initiator APS is added into the mixed solution, the mixture is continuously stirred for 5min, then a magnetic stirrer is closed, the temperature is kept at 72-74 ℃, the mixture reacts for 3-4h, the product is taken out after being colorless and transparent gel, the gel is crushed, a proper amount of NaOH is added into the gel together, the gel is put into a sealed container, the gel is hydrolyzed for 12h at 90 ℃, the product is put into a vacuum drying oven to be dried for 24h at 90 ℃, and the super absorbent resin is prepared;

(3) adding the super absorbent resin and the chitosan into an acetic acid aqueous solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g:15mL, stirring for 12h to obtain a uniform solution, preparing fibers as a spinning solution by adopting an electrostatic spinning process, immediately putting the spun fibers into an electric heating constant-temperature air blast drying oven, and drying for 180min at the temperature of 130 ℃ so as to further promote a crosslinking reaction and prepare the functional fibers.

Further, in the step (2), the ratio of the amounts of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, the acrylic acid, the glycidyl methacrylate, the functional monomer and the cross-linking agent is 10:3:3:3: 1; the addition amount of the initiator APS is 0.5 percent of the mass of the system; the addition of NaOH is 3-4% of the mass of the system.

Further, in the step (3), the mass ratio of acetic acid to water in the acetic acid aqueous solution is 1:1, and the mass ratio of the super absorbent resin to the chitosan is 6-8: 1.

Further, the electrostatic spinning parameters in the step (3) are as follows: voltage: 24 kV; flow rate: 1.5 mL; distance: 15 cm.

A processing technology of a quick water absorption type non-woven fabric comprises the following specific steps:

and mixing the functional fibers and the polyester-nylon composite fibers according to a mass ratio, opening and carding, then cross lapping, carrying out hot air or hot rolling bonding on the lapped fiber nets, and drying to obtain the non-woven fabric.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the polyester-nylon composite fiber (superfine fiber) adopted by the non-woven fabric is formed by weaving 70% of polyester and 30% of nylon through fission decomposition, the surface property of the polyester-nylon composite fiber is fine fluff lumps with uniform, soft and high elastic properties, the filament is divided into eight petals by adopting an orange petal type technology, the surface area of the fiber is increased, the gaps are increased, the water absorption effect is enhanced by virtue of a capillary wicking effect, and the superfine polyester fiber is fluffy, has no stimulation to skin, is soft in hand feeling, neat in length, high in specific strength, wear-resistant and good in fastness;

the non-woven fabric adopts functional fibers which take sodium carboxymethylcellulose as a copolymer skeleton, acrylic acid, glycidyl methacrylate and functional monomers as graft comonomers, APS as an initiator and N, N-methylene bisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent to prepare a copolymer; the copolymer is a three-dimensional cross-linked polymer, and molecules of the copolymer contain a large number of carboxyl, hydroxyl and other strong hydrophilic groups, so that the copolymer has the molecular expansion performance of a polyelectrolyte; meanwhile, the micro-crosslinked three-dimensional network structure hinders further expansion of molecules, so that the molecules are only swelled and insoluble in water and can be expanded by hundreds to thousands of times, water is not easily lost even under certain pressure, and the water-absorbing and water-retaining capacity is realized; moreover, the functional monomer contains an acylhydrazone bond, so that the molecular chain of the functional fiber also contains the acylhydrazone bond, and further the antibacterial property is realized;

in addition, chitosan is added into the spinning solution, carboxyl-COOH and epoxy groups (carboxyl group carried by acrylic monomer and epoxy group carried by glycidyl methacrylate) in the super absorbent resin and amino-NH on chitosan chain₂The chitosan and hydroxyl-OH are subjected to esterification, acylation and other reactions, so that a chitosan molecular chain and the super absorbent resin form further crosslinking, and the chitosan is introduced into a three-dimensional grid structure of the super absorbent resin, so that the grid is diversified, the stability of the functional fiber can be enhanced, the crosslinking density is increased, and the water absorption capacity of the functional fiber is further improved; in addition, the surface of the chitosan contains a large amount of amino groups, so that the chitosan has a spectrum antibacterial effect, and can be crosslinked on a fiber molecular chain, so that the antibacterial performance of the fiber can be effectively improved, and the functional fiber with high strength and excellent water absorption performance and antibacterial performance is obtained;

the functional fiber with high strength and excellent water absorption performance and antibacterial performance is obtained by synthesizing a functional monomer, copolymerizing the functional monomer and an acrylic monomer and further improving a spinning solution by chitosan; the adopted polyester-nylon composite fiber not only has high strength, but also has skin-friendly property and strong water absorption performance; the two fibers are thermally spun into the non-woven fabric, so that the obtained non-woven fabric has high-efficiency water absorption performance and mechanical property, can meet the high water absorption requirement of the non-woven fabric, has good skin-friendly effect and antibacterial performance, and has wide application space.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

A fast water absorption type non-woven fabric is prepared by functional fibers and polyester-nylon composite fibers through a hot air or hot rolling process, wherein the mass ratio of the functional fibers to the polyester-nylon composite fibers is 5: 4;

the polyester-nylon composite fiber (superfine fiber) is formed by weaving 70% of polyester and 30% of nylon through fission decomposition, the surface property of the polyester-nylon composite fiber is uniform, soft and high-elastic fine fluff clusters, the filament is divided into eight segments by adopting an orange segment type technology, the surface area of the fiber is increased, the gaps are increased, the water absorption effect is enhanced by virtue of a capillary wicking effect, and the superfine polyester fiber is fluffy, free of stimulation to skin, soft in hand feeling, neat in length, high in specific strength, wear-resistant and good in fastness;

the functional fiber is prepared by the following method:

(1) completing reaction in a reflux device with magnetic stirring, weighing 1.18g of oxalyl hydrazine, adding the oxalyl hydrazine into a three-neck flask, then adding 1mL of absolute ethyl alcohol and 2-3 drops of acetic acid, then adding 1.01g of 3-pentene-2-ketone dropwise through a constant-pressure dropping funnel, refluxing until a large amount of white solid is separated out, stopping reaction, cooling, carrying out suction filtration, dissolving a crude product with absolute ethyl alcohol, and recrystallizing at low temperature to obtain a functional monomer;

oxalyl hydrazine-CO-NH₂amino-NH of (A)₂Under the catalysis of ethanol and acetic acid, the monomer can generate aminomethylation reaction with 3-pentene-2-ketone, so that the 3-pentene-2-ketone is grafted on oxalyl hydrazine molecules to obtain a functional monomer; the functional monomer contains-CO-NH-N-, amido and imido, namely an acylhydrazone bond, belongs to Schiff base, and has unique and wide biological activity in the aspects of resisting virus, sterilizing, inhibiting tumor cells and the like, so the functional monomer has antibacterial and antiviral properties; meanwhile, the functional monomer contains C ═ C double bonds, and can participate in subsequent copolymerization with monomers such as acrylic acid and the like;

(2) according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g: 10mL of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is added into pure water and heated to be dissolved, then acrylic acid, glycidyl methacrylate, a functional monomer and a cross-linking agent (N, N-methylene bisacrylamide) are dissolved in the pure water to form a mixed solution, after stirring for 7-8min, the obtained mixed solution is added into the sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution, an initiator APS is added into the mixed solution, stirring is continued for 5min, then a magnetic stirrer is closed, the temperature is kept at 72-74 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 3-4h, the product is colorless transparent gel and then taken out, the gel is crushed, a proper amount of NaOH is added into the sealed container, after hydrolysis is carried out for 12h at 90 ℃, the product is placed into a vacuum drying oven to be dried for 24h at 90 ℃, and the super absorbent resin is prepared;

the ratio of the amounts of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the acrylic acid, the glycidyl methacrylate, the functional monomer and the cross-linking agent is 10:3:3:3: 1; the addition amount of the initiator APS is 0.5 percent of the mass of the system; the addition of NaOH is 3-4% of the mass of the system;

the method comprises the following steps of (1) preparing a copolymer by taking sodium carboxymethylcellulose as a copolymer skeleton, acrylic acid, glycidyl methacrylate and a functional monomer as graft comonomers, APS as an initiator and N, N-methylene bisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent; the copolymer is a three-dimensional cross-linked polymer, and molecules of the copolymer contain a large number of carboxyl, hydroxyl and other strong hydrophilic groups, so that the copolymer has the molecular expansion performance of a polyelectrolyte; meanwhile, the micro-crosslinked three-dimensional network structure hinders further expansion of molecules, so that the molecules are only swelled and insoluble in water and can be expanded by hundreds to thousands of times, water is not easily lost even under certain pressure, and the water-absorbing and water-retaining capacity is realized;

(3) adding the super absorbent resin and the chitosan into an acetic acid aqueous solution (the mass ratio of acetic acid to water in the acetic acid aqueous solution is 1:1, and the mass ratio of the super absorbent resin to the chitosan is 6-8:1) according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g:15mL, stirring for 12h to obtain a uniform solution, using the uniform solution as a spinning solution, preparing fibers by an electrostatic spinning process (electrostatic spinning parameters are as follows: voltage: 24 kV; flow rate: 1.5 mL; distance: 15cm), immediately putting the spun fibers into an electric heating constant temperature blast drying box, and drying for 180min at a temperature of 130 ℃ for 160-180min to further promote a crosslinking reaction to prepare functional fibers;

carboxyl-COOH and epoxy groups (carboxyl group carried by acrylic monomer and epoxy group carried by glycidyl methacrylate) in the super absorbent resin and amino-NH on chitosan chain₂Reacting with hydroxyl-OH to perform esterification, acylation and the like to ensure that chitosan molecular chains and high water absorption are generatedThe resin forms further crosslinking, and chitosan is introduced into a three-dimensional grid structure of the super absorbent resin, so that grids are diversified, the stability of the functional fiber can be enhanced, the crosslinking density is increased, and the water absorption capacity of the functional fiber is further improved; in addition, the surface of the chitosan contains a large amount of amino groups, so that the chitosan has a spectrum antibacterial effect, and can be crosslinked on a fiber molecular chain, so that the antibacterial performance of the fiber can be effectively improved, and the functional fiber with high strength and excellent water absorption performance and antibacterial performance is obtained;

the processing technology of the non-woven fabric is as follows:

and mixing the functional fibers and the polyester-nylon composite fibers according to a mass ratio, opening and carding, then cross lapping, carrying out hot air or hot rolling bonding on the lapped fiber nets, and drying to obtain the non-woven fabric.

Example 1

The functional fiber is prepared by the following method:

(1) completing reaction in a reflux device with magnetic stirring, weighing 1.18g of oxalyl hydrazine, adding the oxalyl hydrazine into a three-neck flask, then adding 1mL of absolute ethyl alcohol and 2-3 drops of acetic acid, then adding 1.01g of 3-pentene-2-ketone dropwise through a constant-pressure dropping funnel, refluxing until a large amount of white solid is separated out, stopping reaction, cooling, carrying out suction filtration, dissolving a crude product with absolute ethyl alcohol, and recrystallizing at low temperature to obtain a functional monomer;

(2) according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g: adding 10mL of sodium carboxymethylcellulose into pure water, heating to dissolve, then dissolving acrylic acid, glycidyl methacrylate, a functional monomer and N, N-methylene bisacrylamide into the pure water to form a mixed solution, stirring for 7-8min, adding the obtained mixed solution into a sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution, adding an initiator APS into the mixed solution, continuing stirring for 5min, then closing a magnetic stirrer, keeping the temperature at 72-74 ℃ for reacting for 3-4h, taking out the product after the product is colorless transparent gel, crushing the gel, adding a proper amount of NaOH into a sealed container, hydrolyzing for 12h at 90 ℃, putting the product into a vacuum drying oven, and drying for 24h at 90 ℃ to obtain the super absorbent resin;

the ratio of the amounts of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the acrylic acid, the glycidyl methacrylate, the functional monomer and the cross-linking agent is 10:3:3:3: 1; the addition amount of the initiator APS is 0.5 percent of the mass of the system; the addition of NaOH is 3-4% of the mass of the system;

(3) adding the super absorbent resin and the chitosan into an acetic acid aqueous solution (the mass ratio of acetic acid to water in the acetic acid aqueous solution is 1:1, and the mass ratio of the super absorbent resin to the chitosan is 6-8:1) according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g:15mL, stirring for 12h to obtain a uniform solution, using the uniform solution as a spinning solution, preparing fibers by an electrostatic spinning process (electrostatic spinning parameters are as follows: voltage: 24 kV; flow rate: 1.5 mL; distance: 15cm), immediately putting the spun fibers into an electric heating constant temperature blast drying box, and drying for 180min at a temperature of 130 ℃ for 160-180min to further promote a crosslinking reaction to prepare the functional fibers.

Example 2

The functional fiber is prepared by the following method:

(1) completing reaction in a reflux device with magnetic stirring, weighing 1.18g of oxalyl hydrazine, adding the oxalyl hydrazine into a three-neck flask, then adding 1mL of absolute ethyl alcohol and 2-3 drops of acetic acid, then adding 1.01g of 3-pentene-2-ketone dropwise through a constant-pressure dropping funnel, refluxing until a large amount of white solid is separated out, stopping reaction, cooling, carrying out suction filtration, dissolving a crude product with absolute ethyl alcohol, and recrystallizing at low temperature to obtain a functional monomer;

(2) according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g: adding 10mL of sodium carboxymethylcellulose into pure water, heating to dissolve, then dissolving acrylic acid, glycidyl methacrylate, a functional monomer and N, N-methylene bisacrylamide into the pure water to form a mixed solution, stirring for 7-8min, adding the obtained mixed solution into a sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution, adding an initiator APS into the mixed solution, continuing stirring for 5min, then closing a magnetic stirrer, keeping the temperature at 72-74 ℃ for reacting for 3-4h, taking out the product after the product is colorless transparent gel, crushing the gel, adding a proper amount of NaOH into a sealed container, hydrolyzing for 12h at 90 ℃, putting the product into a vacuum drying oven, and drying for 24h at 90 ℃ to obtain the super absorbent resin;

the ratio of the amounts of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the acrylic acid, the glycidyl methacrylate, the functional monomer and the cross-linking agent is 10:3:3:3: 1; the addition amount of the initiator APS is 0.5 percent of the mass of the system; the addition of NaOH is 3-4% of the mass of the system;

(3) adding the super absorbent resin and the chitosan into an acetic acid aqueous solution (the mass ratio of acetic acid to water in the acetic acid aqueous solution is 1:1, and the mass ratio of the super absorbent resin to the chitosan is 6-8:1) according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g:15mL, stirring for 12h to obtain a uniform solution, using the uniform solution as a spinning solution, preparing fibers by an electrostatic spinning process (electrostatic spinning parameters are as follows: voltage: 24 kV; flow rate: 1.5 mL; distance: 15cm), immediately putting the spun fibers into an electric heating constant temperature blast drying box, and drying for 180min at a temperature of 130 ℃ for 160-180min to further promote a crosslinking reaction to prepare the functional fibers.

Example 3

The functional fiber is prepared by the following method:

(1) completing reaction in a reflux device with magnetic stirring, weighing 1.18g of oxalyl hydrazine, adding the oxalyl hydrazine into a three-neck flask, then adding 1mL of absolute ethyl alcohol and 2-3 drops of acetic acid, then adding 1.01g of 3-pentene-2-ketone dropwise through a constant-pressure dropping funnel, refluxing until a large amount of white solid is separated out, stopping reaction, cooling, carrying out suction filtration, dissolving a crude product with absolute ethyl alcohol, and recrystallizing at low temperature to obtain a functional monomer;

(2) according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g: adding 10mL of sodium carboxymethylcellulose into pure water, heating to dissolve, then dissolving acrylic acid, glycidyl methacrylate, a functional monomer and N, N-methylene bisacrylamide into the pure water to form a mixed solution, stirring for 7-8min, adding the obtained mixed solution into a sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution, adding an initiator APS into the mixed solution, continuing stirring for 5min, then closing a magnetic stirrer, keeping the temperature at 72-74 ℃ for reacting for 3-4h, taking out the product after the product is colorless transparent gel, crushing the gel, adding a proper amount of NaOH into a sealed container, hydrolyzing for 12h at 90 ℃, putting the product into a vacuum drying oven, and drying for 24h at 90 ℃ to obtain the super absorbent resin;

the ratio of the amounts of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the acrylic acid, the glycidyl methacrylate, the functional monomer and the cross-linking agent is 10:3:3:3: 1; the addition amount of the initiator APS is 0.5 percent of the mass of the system; the addition of NaOH is 3-4% of the mass of the system;

(3) adding the super absorbent resin and the chitosan into an acetic acid aqueous solution (the mass ratio of acetic acid to water in the acetic acid aqueous solution is 1:1, and the mass ratio of the super absorbent resin to the chitosan is 6-8:1) according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g:15mL, stirring for 12h to obtain a uniform solution, using the uniform solution as a spinning solution, preparing fibers by an electrostatic spinning process (electrostatic spinning parameters are as follows: voltage: 24 kV; flow rate: 1.5 mL; distance: 15cm), immediately putting the spun fibers into an electric heating constant temperature blast drying box, and drying for 180min at a temperature of 130 ℃ for 160-180min to further promote a crosslinking reaction to prepare the functional fibers.

Comparative example 1

The functional monomer in example 1 is replaced by common acrylamide containing double bonds, and the rest of raw materials and the preparation process are unchanged.

Comparative example 2

The glycidyl methacrylate monomer in example 1 was replaced with a conventional 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer, and the remaining raw materials and preparation process were unchanged.

Comparative example 3

The spinning solution in example 1 was not added with chitosan, and the rest of the raw materials and the preparation process were unchanged.

Example 4

A quick water absorption type non-woven fabric is prepared from the functional fiber prepared in the embodiment 1 and a polyester-nylon composite fiber through a hot air or hot rolling process, wherein the mass ratio of the functional fiber to the polyester-nylon composite fiber is 5: 4.

Example 5

A quick water absorption type non-woven fabric is prepared from the functional fiber prepared in the embodiment 2 and the polyester-nylon composite fiber through a hot air or hot rolling process, wherein the mass ratio of the functional fiber to the polyester-nylon composite fiber is 5: 4.

Example 6

A quick water absorption type non-woven fabric is prepared from the functional fibers and the polyester-nylon composite fibers prepared in the embodiment 3 through a hot air or hot rolling process, wherein the mass ratio of the functional fibers to the polyester-nylon composite fibers is 5: 4.

Comparative example 4

A quick water absorption non-woven fabric is prepared from the functional fiber prepared in the comparative example 1 and the polyester-nylon composite fiber through a hot air or hot rolling process, wherein the mass ratio of the functional fiber to the polyester-nylon composite fiber is 5: 4.

Comparative example 5

A quick water absorption type non-woven fabric is prepared by the functional fiber and the polyester-nylon composite fiber prepared in the comparative example 2 through a hot air or hot rolling process, wherein the mass ratio of the functional fiber to the polyester-nylon composite fiber is 5: 4.

Comparative example 6

A quick water absorption non-woven fabric is prepared from the functional fiber prepared in the comparative example 3 and the polyester-nylon composite fiber through a hot air or hot rolling process, wherein the mass ratio of the functional fiber to the polyester-nylon composite fiber is 5: 4.

The nonwoven fabrics obtained in examples 4 to 6 and comparative examples 4 to 6 were subjected to the following performance tests:

testing the mechanical property of the non-woven fabric by reference to GB/T3923-2013; testing the bacteriostasis rate of the non-woven fabric to escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus; testing the soaping fastness by referring to GB/T3921-; testing the water absorption performance of the non-woven fabric by referring to GB/T8939-; the test results are given in the following table:

as can be seen from the above table, the warp breaking strength of the nonwoven fabrics prepared in examples 4-6 is 2.08-2.36, and the valuable breaking strength is 1.69-1.82, which indicates that the nonwoven fabrics prepared by the invention have high mechanical properties; the non-woven fabrics prepared in the embodiments 4 to 6 have 99.0 to 99.3 percent of bacteriostasis rate to escherichia coli and 98.6 to 98.9 percent of bacteriostasis rate to staphylococcus aureus, which shows that the non-woven fabrics prepared by the invention have good antibacterial performance; after washing, the antibacterial rate of the non-woven fabric is reduced to a small extent for escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, and the non-woven fabric prepared by the method has antibacterial durability; the water absorption multiplying power of the non-woven fabrics prepared in the embodiments 4-6 is 52-53 and 57-58 respectively in 5min and 10min, the water absorption multiplying power is increased particularly fast in the stage of 0-5min, and the increase tends to be slow in the stage of 5min-10min, which shows that the non-woven fabrics prepared in the invention not only have higher water absorption performance, but also have faster water absorption performance; by combining the comparative example 4, the invention is demonstrated that the acylhydrazone bond can be effectively introduced by synthesizing the functional monomer, so that the antibacterial performance of the non-woven fabric is improved; by combining the comparative example 5, the glycidyl methacrylate monomer adopted by the invention can introduce epoxy groups, and the epoxy groups can react with functional groups such as amino groups, hydroxyl groups and the like on the molecular chain of chitosan, so that the modification treatment effect of the chitosan on fibers is improved, and further the antibacterial property and the mechanical property of the non-woven fabric are improved; the spinning solution is modified by adding chitosan in combination with the comparative example 6, so that chitosan molecular chains and the super absorbent resin form further cross-linking, and the chitosan is introduced into a three-dimensional grid structure of the super absorbent resin, so that grids are diversified, the stability of the functional fiber can be enhanced, the cross-linking density is increased, and the water absorption capacity of the functional fiber is further improved; in addition, the surface of the chitosan contains a large amount of amino groups, so that the chitosan has a spectrum antibacterial effect, and can effectively improve the antibacterial performance of the fiber by crosslinking the chitosan on a fiber molecular chain.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. The quick water absorption type non-woven fabric is characterized by being prepared from functional fibers and polyester-nylon composite fibers through a hot air or hot rolling process, wherein the mass ratio of the functional fibers to the polyester-nylon composite fibers is 5: 4.

2. The non-woven fabric capable of absorbing water rapidly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyester-nylon composite fiber is woven by splitting and decomposing 70% of polyester and 30% of nylon.

3. The fast water-absorbing nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the functional fiber is prepared by the following method:

(1) completing reaction in a reflux device with magnetic stirring, weighing 1.18g of oxalyl hydrazine, adding the oxalyl hydrazine into a three-neck flask, then adding 1mL of absolute ethyl alcohol and 2-3 drops of acetic acid, then adding 1.01g of 3-pentene-2-ketone dropwise through a constant-pressure dropping funnel, refluxing until a large amount of white solid is separated out, stopping reaction, cooling, carrying out suction filtration, dissolving a crude product with absolute ethyl alcohol, and recrystallizing at low temperature to obtain a functional monomer;

(2) according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g: 10mL of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is added into pure water and heated to be dissolved, then acrylic acid, glycidyl methacrylate, a functional monomer and a cross-linking agent are dissolved in the pure water to form a mixed solution, the mixed solution is stirred for 7-8min, the obtained mixed solution is added into sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution, an initiator APS is added into the mixed solution, the mixture is continuously stirred for 5min, then a magnetic stirrer is closed, the temperature is kept at 72-74 ℃, the mixture reacts for 3-4h, the product is taken out after being colorless and transparent gel, the gel is crushed, a proper amount of NaOH is added into the gel together, the gel is put into a sealed container, the gel is hydrolyzed for 12h at 90 ℃, the product is put into a vacuum drying oven to be dried for 24h at 90 ℃, and the super absorbent resin is prepared;

(3) adding the super absorbent resin and the chitosan into an acetic acid aqueous solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g:15mL, stirring for 12h to obtain a uniform solution, preparing fibers as a spinning solution by adopting an electrostatic spinning process, immediately putting the spun fibers into an electric heating constant-temperature air blast drying oven, and drying for 180min at the temperature of 130 ℃ so as to further promote a crosslinking reaction and prepare the functional fibers.

4. The non-woven fabric capable of absorbing water rapidly as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step (2), the ratio of the amounts of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, the acrylic acid, the glycidyl methacrylate, the functional monomer and the cross-linking agent is 10:3:3: 1; the addition amount of the initiator APS is 0.5 percent of the mass of the system; the addition of NaOH is 3-4% of the mass of the system.

5. The non-woven fabric capable of rapidly absorbing water according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of acetic acid to water in the acetic acid aqueous solution in the step (3) is 1:1, and the mass ratio of the super absorbent resin to the chitosan is 6-8: 1.

6. The non-woven fabric capable of absorbing water rapidly as claimed in claim 3, wherein the electrospinning parameters in the step (3) are as follows: voltage: 24 kV; flow rate: 1.5 mL; distance: 15 cm.

7. The processing technology of the quick water absorption non-woven fabric according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:

and mixing the functional fibers and the polyester-nylon composite fibers according to a mass ratio, opening and carding, then cross lapping, carrying out hot air or hot rolling bonding on the lapped fiber nets, and drying to obtain the non-woven fabric.