CN111320242B - Hydrophilic self-supporting multi-level pore passage electro-adsorption electrode, preparation method and membrane casting solution - Google Patents

Hydrophilic self-supporting multi-level pore passage electro-adsorption electrode, preparation method and membrane casting solution Download PDF

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CN111320242B
CN111320242B CN202010170611.6A CN202010170611A CN111320242B CN 111320242 B CN111320242 B CN 111320242B CN 202010170611 A CN202010170611 A CN 202010170611A CN 111320242 B CN111320242 B CN 111320242B
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electrode
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adsorption electrode
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CN111320242A (en
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沈敏
陈亚云
王秋泽
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Jiangsu Maymuse Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of an electro-adsorption electrode, and particularly relates to a hydrophilic self-supporting multi-level pore passage electro-adsorption electrode, a preparation method and a membrane casting solution. Wherein hydrophilic type self-supporting multistage pore canal electro-adsorption electrode includes: the substrate and the integrally formed three-dimensional macromolecular hierarchical porous network type gel structure positioned in the substrate effectively avoid the blockage of the pore structure inside the electrode by the binder.

Description

Hydrophilic self-supporting multi-level pore passage electro-adsorption electrode, preparation method and membrane casting solution
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of an electro-adsorption electrode, and particularly relates to a hydrophilic self-supporting multi-level pore passage electro-adsorption electrode, a preparation method and a membrane casting solution.
Background
Based on the principle of the electro-adsorption technology, the quality change of the performance of the electro-adsorption is mainly determined by the electrode material, and the ideal electrode material needs to have the following advantages: large specific surface area, reasonable and developed pore distribution, good stability, high strength, good conductivity and the like. The pore structure of the electrode prepared by the methods mainly depends on the active substance, namely the specific surface area of the carbon material, and simultaneously needs to be blocked by the binder to the pore structure in the electrode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrophilic self-supporting multi-level pore passage electro-adsorption electrode, a preparation method and a membrane casting solution.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an electro-adsorption electrode comprising: the gel comprises a base material and an integrally formed three-dimensional macromolecular multi-level pore canal network type gel structure positioned in the base material.
Further, the gel structure is adapted to be formed by: cellulose acetate, an organic solvent, a pore-forming agent and mixed carbon powder; the mass ratio of the four is 1:14-20:0.1-0.4:2-3.
Further, the mixed carbon powder includes: at least one of carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphene and carbon aerogel and active carbon, wherein the mass ratio of the active carbon to the rest substances is (2-10): 1.
further, the organic solvent comprises at least one of methyl lactate and ethyl lactate.
Further, the pore-forming agent comprises one or a mixture of polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, potassium chloride and calcium chloride.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a casting solution suitable for an electro-adsorption electrode, comprising the following raw materials: cellulose acetate, an organic solvent, a pore-forming agent and mixed carbon powder; the mass ratio of the four is 1:14-20:0.1-0.4:2-3.
In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a method for preparing an electrosorption electrode, comprising the following steps: step S1, mixing and stirring cellulose acetate and an organic solvent to obtain a mixed solution; step S2, respectively adding a pore-foaming agent and mixed carbon powder into the mixed solution, and continuously stirring until the pore-foaming agent and the mixed carbon powder are dissolved; s3, standing and defoaming to obtain a membrane casting solution; step S4, uniformly coating the casting solution on a glass substrate to form a thin film; s5, immersing the glass substrate in the ultrapure water of the coagulating bath until the film is solidified to form a forming film and automatically floats to peel off the glass substrate; and S6, soaking the formed film in ultrapure water, and continuously changing water during the soaking process to finish a washing process to obtain the electro-adsorption electrode.
The hydrophilic self-supporting multi-stage pore passage electro-adsorption electrode and the preparation method thereof and the membrane casting solution have the beneficial effects that the porous passage structure inside the electrode is effectively prevented from being blocked by the binder through the integrally formed three-dimensional macromolecular multi-stage pore passage network type gel structure in the base material.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for preparing an electrosorption electrode according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan electron microscope view of an electro-absorption electrode of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional electron micrograph of an electro-adhesion electrode of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph of the electro-adhesion performance of the electro-adhesion electrode of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the hydrophilic self-supported multi-level pore channel electrosorption electrode of the present example 1 includes: the gel comprises a base material and an integrally formed three-dimensional macromolecular multi-level pore canal network type gel structure positioned in the base material. Specifically, it can be seen from fig. 2 that in the same plane, there are ducts with different sizes and in different dimensions; meanwhile, according to the sectional view of fig. 3, it can also be verified that the three-dimensional macromolecular hierarchical porous network type gel structure is integrally formed.
Optionally, the gel structure is adapted to be formed by: cellulose acetate, an organic solvent, a pore-forming agent and mixed carbon powder; the mass ratio of the four is 1:14-20:0.1-0.4:2-3. Optionally, the mass ratio of the four is 1:18:0.2:2.3. specifically, the raw materials are suitable for being mixed to form a homogeneous polymer solution, so that mass transfer exchange of an organic solvent and a non-solvent (ultrapure water in a coagulating bath) is carried out in the phase conversion process of the cellulose acetate, the thermodynamic state of the solution is changed, the solution is subjected to phase separation from the homogeneous polymer solution, and the homogeneous polymer solution is converted into a three-dimensional macromolecular multi-stage pore network type gel structure with an integrated molding. Optionally, the cellulose acetate contains a plurality of oxygen-containing functional groups, the hydrophilicity is good, and as the initial solution of phase transition is a homogeneous polymerization solution, the powder falling phenomenon caused by heterogeneous combination is well avoided, and the service life of the membrane electrode is prolonged.
Optionally, the mixed carbon powder includes: at least one of carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphene and carbon aerogel and active carbon, wherein the mass ratio of the active carbon to the rest substances is (2-10): 1, optionally 6:1. the activated carbon can provide more pore structures.
Optionally, the organic solvent includes at least one of methyl lactate and ethyl lactate.
Optionally, the pore-forming agent includes one or more of polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride.
The hydrophilic self-supporting multi-stage pore passage electro-adsorption electrode in the embodiment 1 forms a homogeneous polymer solution by mixing the raw materials, so that the homogeneous polymer solution is suitable for mass transfer exchange between an organic solvent and a non-solvent (ultrapure water in a coagulating bath) in a phase transition process of cellulose acetate, the thermodynamic state of the solution is changed, the homogeneous polymer solution is subjected to phase separation, and the homogeneous polymer solution is converted into an integrally formed three-dimensional macromolecular multi-stage pore passage network type gel structure, so that the pore passage structure in the electrode is prevented from being blocked by a binder; in addition, the traditional electrode material is attached to a supporting carrier, active substances on a unit area are limited, and the problems of powder falling, active material peeling and the like can be met in the actual use process.
Example 2
Based on example 1, this example 2 provides a casting solution suitable for an electro-adsorption electrode, which includes the following raw materials: cellulose acetate, an organic solvent, a pore-forming agent and mixed carbon powder; the mass ratio of the four is 1:14-20:0.1-0.4:2-3.
Optionally, the mass ratio of the cellulose acetate, the organic solvent, the pore-forming agent and the mixed carbon powder is 1:16:0.3:2.4.
for the contents of the components of the electro-adsorption electrode and the specific implementation process, reference is made to the relevant discussion in example 1, and the details are not repeated here.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, this embodiment 3 provides a method for preparing an electrosorption electrode based on embodiments 1 and 2, comprising the following steps: step S1, mixing and stirring cellulose acetate and an organic solvent to obtain a mixed solution; step S2, respectively adding a pore-foaming agent and mixed carbon powder into the mixed solution, and continuously stirring until the pore-foaming agent and the mixed carbon powder are dissolved; s3, standing and defoaming to obtain a membrane casting solution; step S4, uniformly coating the casting solution on a glass substrate to form a thin film; s5, immersing the glass substrate in ultrapure water until the thin film is solidified into a forming film and automatically floats to peel off the glass substrate; and S6, soaking the formed membrane in ultrapure water without changing water during the soaking process to finish the washing process, thereby obtaining the electro-adsorption electrode, namely the self-supporting multi-stage pore channel membrane electrode or the hydrophilic self-supporting multi-stage pore channel electro-adsorption electrode.
Optionally, in step S1, the mixing and stirring conditions of the cellulose acetate and the organic solvent are 80 ℃, the rotation speed of the mechanical stirring is 20-80r/min, and the stirring time is 30-240min.
Optionally, the thickness of the thin film formed by the casting solution on a glass substrate (such as flat glass) is 150-300 μm, so as to indirectly control the thickness of the formed membrane electrode.
Optionally, in step S6, each time step S5 is repeated, the number of times that step S5 is repeated in the ultrapure water immersion liquid to be replaced is generally 4-6 times, so as to obtain the electro-adsorption electrode.
For the component content and the specific implementation process of the electro-adsorption electrode, reference is made to the relevant discussion in example 1, and the detailed description is omitted here.
Example 4
Adding 3g of cellulose acetate powder into 50g of methyl lactate solution, and mixing and stirring at 80 ℃ for 30min at 40r/min to obtain a mixed solution;
adding 0.3g of polyethylene glycol, 5g of active carbon and 1g of conductive carbon black, mixing, continuously stirring and dissolving for 50min, and standing and defoaming to obtain a casting solution;
uniformly coating the casting solution on a glass substrate by using an automatic coating machine, wherein the thickness of the casting solution is 150 micrometers;
and (3) carefully immersing the glass substrate with the casting solution in ultrapure water, and when the film is solidified into a dry film and automatically floats, putting the film into a newly-replaced ultrapure water soaking solution, and continuously replacing water for soaking for 4 times during the process to obtain the self-supporting multistage pore channel film electrode.
Example 5
Adding 3g of cellulose acetate powder into 55g of methyl lactate solution, and mixing and stirring at 80 ℃ for 25min at a speed of 50r/min to obtain a mixed solution;
adding 1.2g of polyethylene glycol, 6g of activated carbon and 2g of carbon nanotubes, mixing, continuously stirring and dissolving for 50min, and standing and defoaming to obtain a casting solution;
uniformly coating the casting solution on a glass substrate by using an automatic coating machine, wherein the thickness of the casting solution is 200 mu m;
and (3) carefully immersing the glass substrate attached with the membrane casting solution into ultrapure water, and when the membrane is solidified into a dry membrane and automatically floats, putting the film into a newly replaced ultrapure water immersion liquid, and continuously replacing water for immersion for 6 times during the immersion, thereby obtaining the self-supporting multistage pore membrane electrode.
Example 6
Adding 3g of cellulose acetate powder into 22g of methyl lactate and 20g of ethyl lactate, and mixing and stirring at 80 ℃ for 20r/min and 240min to obtain a mixed solution;
adding 0.3g of potassium chloride, 8g of active carbon and 1g of graphene, mixing, continuously stirring and dissolving for 50min, and standing and defoaming to obtain a casting solution;
uniformly coating the casting solution on a glass substrate by using an automatic coating machine, wherein the thickness of the casting solution is 200 mu m;
and (3) carefully immersing the glass substrate attached with the membrane casting solution into ultrapure water, and when the membrane is solidified into a dry membrane and automatically floats, putting the film into a newly replaced ultrapure water immersion liquid, and continuously replacing water for immersion for 5 times during the immersion, thereby obtaining the self-supporting multistage pore membrane electrode.
Example 7
Adding 3g of cellulose acetate powder into 15g of methyl lactate and 15g of ethyl lactate, and mixing and stirring at 80 ℃ for 20r/min and 240min to obtain a mixed solution;
adding 0.3g of potassium chloride, 6g of activated carbon and 1g of carbon nano tubes, mixing, continuing stirring and dissolving for 50min, and standing and defoaming to obtain a membrane casting solution;
uniformly coating the casting solution on a glass substrate by using an automatic coating machine, wherein the thickness of the casting solution is 300 mu m;
and (3) carefully immersing the glass substrate attached with the membrane casting solution into ultrapure water, and when the membrane is solidified into a dry membrane and automatically floats, putting the film into a newly replaced ultrapure water immersion liquid, and continuously replacing water for immersion for 5 times during the immersion, thereby obtaining the self-supporting multistage pore membrane electrode.
Example 8
Referring to fig. 4, this example 8 was conducted to test the performance of the self-supported multi-stage porous membrane electrode of example 4. In fig. 4: the ordinate is the change in conductivity, and B, C, D correspond to the first, second, and third sets of test cycles, respectively. The change of the conductivity corresponding to B, C and D is observed independently, and the change rule of the conductivity along with time can be seen as follows: in the adsorption stage: at 0-20min, the electrode obviously reduces the conductivity of the solution, and ions adsorbed on the electrode can be well desorbed and discharged in a desorption stage; comparing the results of the groups B, C and D longitudinally, it can be seen that the cyclic reuse rate of the electrode is good.
In summary, the hydrophilic self-supporting multi-level pore passage electro-adsorption electrode and the preparation method thereof, and the casting solution are mixed through raw materials to form a homogeneous polymer solution, so that the homogeneous polymer solution is suitable for mass transfer exchange of an organic solvent and a non-solvent in the phase transition process of cellulose acetate, the thermodynamic state of the solution is changed, the homogeneous polymer solution is subjected to phase separation, and the homogeneous polymer solution is converted into a three-dimensional macromolecular multi-level pore passage network type gel structure with integrated molding in a base material, so that the blockage of a binder to the pore passage structure in the electrode is avoided; the cellulose acetate contains a plurality of oxygen-containing functional groups, the hydrophilicity is good, and the initial solution of phase transition is homogeneous polymerization liquid, so that the powder falling phenomenon caused by heterogeneous combination can be avoided, and the service life of the membrane electrode is prolonged. Therefore, the hydrophilic self-supporting multi-stage pore passage electro-adsorption electrode has the advantages of reasonable and developed pore distribution, good hydrophilicity, good stability, difficult powder falling and the like.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (4)

1. An electro-adhesion electrode, comprising:
the gel comprises a base material and an integrally formed three-dimensional macromolecular multi-level pore canal network type gel structure positioned in the base material;
the electro-adsorption electrode is prepared by the following steps:
step S1, mixing and stirring cellulose acetate and an organic solvent to obtain a mixed solution;
s2, adding a pore-forming agent and mixed carbon powder into the mixed solution respectively, and continuing stirring until the pore-forming agent and the mixed carbon powder are dissolved;
s3, standing and defoaming to obtain a membrane casting solution;
step S4, uniformly coating the casting solution on a glass substrate to form a thin film;
s5, immersing the glass substrate in ultrapure water of a coagulating bath until the film is solidified into a forming film and automatically floats to strip the glass substrate; and
s6, soaking the formed film in ultrapure water, and continuously changing water during the soaking process to finish a washing process to obtain the electro-adsorption electrode;
wherein the mass ratio of the cellulose acetate, the organic solvent, the pore-forming agent and the mixed carbon powder is 1:14-20:0.1-0.4: 2-3; the organic solvent comprises at least one of methyl lactate and ethyl lactate.
2. The electrosorption electrode of claim 1,
the mixed carbon powder comprises: at least one of carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphene and carbon aerogel and active carbon, wherein the mass ratio of the active carbon to the rest substances is (2-10): 1.
3. the electrosorption electrode of claim 1,
the pore-forming agent comprises one or more of polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, potassium chloride and calcium chloride.
4. A casting solution suitable for use in an electro-adsorption electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following raw materials: cellulose acetate, an organic solvent, a pore-forming agent and mixed carbon powder; the mass ratio of the four is 1:14-20:0.1-0.4:2-3.
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