CN111313832A - Photovoltaic module tolerance performance test method - Google Patents
Photovoltaic module tolerance performance test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111313832A CN111313832A CN201811512610.4A CN201811512610A CN111313832A CN 111313832 A CN111313832 A CN 111313832A CN 201811512610 A CN201811512610 A CN 201811512610A CN 111313832 A CN111313832 A CN 111313832A
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- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006750 UV protection Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
- H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of performance test of photovoltaic modules, and discloses a method for testing the tolerance performance of a photovoltaic module, which comprises the following steps: step S101, determining an initial stable state of a photovoltaic module, and acquiring initial maximum power of the photovoltaic module in the initial stable state; step S102, carrying out ultraviolet aging on the photovoltaic assembly; step S103, carrying out mechanical aging on the photovoltaic assembly; step S104, carrying out environmental aging on the photovoltaic assembly; step S105, determining the final stable state of the photovoltaic module, and acquiring the final state maximum power of the photovoltaic module in the final stable state; step S106, calculating the power recession rate of the photovoltaic module according to the initial state maximum power and the final state maximum power; and S107, analyzing the tolerance performance of the photovoltaic module according to the power fading rate. The testing method can accurately test the tolerance performance of the photovoltaic module of the mobile energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of performance test of photovoltaic modules, in particular to a tolerance performance test method of a photovoltaic module.
Background
An ultraviolet aging test sequence in the international standard IEC61215:2016 document at present belongs to one of certification test items of ground power station photovoltaic components, and is used for testing the influence of the properties such as material adhesiveness in the ultraviolet ground power station photovoltaic components, but is not suitable for the property detection of the mobile light source photovoltaic components, because the mobile light source photovoltaic components and the ground power station photovoltaic components have difference in application scenes, property requirements and the like, particularly the mobile energy photovoltaic components are often used in movement or movement, and ultraviolet rays can influence the material adhesiveness and also cause the change of mechanical properties of a plurality of high polymer materials such as PET, the change can cause the hardening, embrittlement and the like of the materials, and is reflected in mobile energy products, namely daily bending of components such as charging paper, charging packs and the like is realized, and cracks of a PET water film layer can be blocked to cause the water blocking film failure, delamination failure in the assembly can also occur, once the ground power station photovoltaic assembly is installed, the form of the ground power station photovoltaic assembly is fixed, and bending and movement situations do not exist, so the current testing method in the international standard is only suitable for the ground power station photovoltaic assembly, and the ultraviolet tolerance performance required by the mobile energy photovoltaic assembly cannot be accurately tested, so that a method capable of accurately testing the ultraviolet tolerance performance of the mobile energy photovoltaic assembly is urgently needed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a tolerance performance test method of a photovoltaic module, which is used for testing the mobile energy photovoltaic module and can accurately test the tolerance performance of the mobile energy photovoltaic module.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the tolerance performance test method of the photovoltaic module comprises the following steps:
step S101, determining an initial stable state of the photovoltaic module, and acquiring initial maximum power of the photovoltaic module in the initial stable state;
step S102, carrying out ultraviolet aging on the photovoltaic module;
step S103, mechanically aging the photovoltaic module;
step S104, carrying out environmental aging on the photovoltaic module;
step S105, determining the final stable state of the photovoltaic assembly, and acquiring the final state maximum power of the photovoltaic assembly in the final stable state;
step S106, calculating the power recession rate of the photovoltaic module according to the initial state maximum power and the final state maximum power;
and S107, analyzing the tolerance performance of the photovoltaic module according to the power fading rate.
The tolerance performance test method of the photovoltaic module is a tolerance performance test for the photovoltaic module of the mobile energy, wherein for convenience of description, the tolerance performance test method of the photovoltaic module is referred to as a test method, and firstly, an initial stable state of the photovoltaic module is determined according to step S101, and initial maximum power of the photovoltaic module in the initial stable state is obtained, wherein the initial maximum power is maximum power generation power of the photovoltaic module in the initial stable state; then, according to step S102, performing ultraviolet aging, that is, ultraviolet aging, then, according to step S103, performing mechanical aging on the photovoltaic module, that is, applying a certain mechanical force to the photovoltaic module, then, according to step S104, performing environmental aging on the photovoltaic module, that is, aging influence of factors such as environment and climate on the photovoltaic module, after performing various aging on the photovoltaic module, then, according to step S105, determining a final stable state of the photovoltaic module, and obtaining a final-state maximum power of the photovoltaic module in the final stable state, that is, a maximum power generation power of the photovoltaic module in the final stable state, and finally, according to step S106 and step S107, according to a formula: calculating the power degradation rate of the photovoltaic assembly, wherein the power degradation rate is (initial state maximum power-final state maximum power)/initial state maximum power, namely, the power degradation rate of the photovoltaic module obtained according to the test data is obtained, then the ultraviolet tolerance performance of the photovoltaic module is analyzed according to the obtained power degradation rate, wherein, the test method can be known that the photovoltaic module is subjected to mechanical aging besides ultraviolet aging and environmental aging, so that the photovoltaic module can be closer to the actual working state of the photovoltaic module of the mobile energy source, for the mobile energy photovoltaic module, the test method can obtain more accurate test data and further obtain more accurate test results, then, the test result can more accurately represent the tolerance performance required by the photovoltaic module of the mobile energy source, namely, the testing method can accurately test the tolerance performance of the photovoltaic module of the mobile energy.
Therefore, the tolerance performance testing method of the photovoltaic module tests the mobile energy photovoltaic module, and can accurately test the tolerance performance of the mobile energy photovoltaic module.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
before the step S101, acquiring first image information of the photovoltaic module, judging whether the appearance of the photovoltaic module is damaged or not according to the first image information, if so, stopping testing, and if so, entering the step S101;
after the step S107, second image information of the photovoltaic module is obtained, the appearance condition of the photovoltaic module is determined according to the second image information, and an appearance condition result of the photovoltaic module is obtained.
Preferably, the step S102 includes:
the temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the solar radiation intensity is 800-1000W/m2Under the condition of (1), performing solar radiation on the photovoltaic module at least twice, wherein the radiant light energy is more than or equal to 20 KW.h when performing each solar radiation, measuring the power of the photovoltaic module for multiple times after performing the solar radiation, and obtaining the maximum power P measured after the solar radiationnThen when (P)n-1-Pn)/(Pn-1-Pn) When the absolute value is less than 1%, determining that the photovoltaic module reaches an initial stable state, and determining PnIs the initial maximum power, wherein Pn-1The maximum power obtained by measurement after the previous solar radiation of the current solar radiation is obtained, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
Preferably, the step S103 includes:
under the condition that the temperature of the photovoltaic module is 55-65 ℃, the application waveband is 280-400 nm, and the ultraviolet radiation quantity is 5-4000 kWh/m2The photovoltaic module is irradiated by the ultraviolet rays.
Preferably, in the ultraviolet rays, the irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet rays with the wave band of 280-320 nm accounts for 3% -10% of the total irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet rays with the wave band of 280-400 nm, and the total irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet rays with the wave band of 280-400 nm is less than or equal to250W/m2。
Preferably, the step S104 includes:
applying a mechanical force to the photovoltaic component to cause deformation or movement of the photovoltaic component.
Preferably, the mechanical aging strength of the photovoltaic module subjected to mechanical aging is 0.1-1 times of the tolerance mechanical strength of the photovoltaic module.
Preferably, the step S106 includes:
the temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the solar radiation intensity is 800-1000W/m2Under the condition (1), performing solar radiation on the photovoltaic module at least twice, wherein the radiant light energy is more than 20 KW.h when performing each solar radiation, measuring the power of the photovoltaic module for multiple times after performing the solar radiation, and obtaining the maximum power P measured after the solar radiationmThen when (P)m-1-Pm)/(Pm-1-Pm) When the absolute value is less than 1%, determining that the photovoltaic module reaches the final stable state, and determining PmIs the final maximum power, wherein Pm-1M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and is the maximum power obtained by measurement after the previous solar radiation of the current solar radiation.
Preferably, the environmental aging comprises at least one of thermal cycling aging, humid freeze aging and humid heat aging;
preferably, the thermal cycle aging comprises: within a first preset time range, adjusting the ambient temperature of the photovoltaic module at-45-90 ℃ according to a first temperature change rule;
the humid freeze-aging comprises: within a second preset time range, adjusting the ambient temperature of the photovoltaic module according to a second temperature change rule at-45-90 ℃;
the humid heat aging comprises: and in a third preset time range, keeping the environmental condition of the photovoltaic module at 80-90 ℃ and the relative humidity at 80-90% RH.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for testing the endurance performance of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a temperature profile of thermal cycle aging according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a temperature variation curve of damp heat aging according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for testing the endurance performance of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
step S101, determining an initial stable state of a photovoltaic module, and acquiring initial maximum power of the photovoltaic module in the initial stable state;
step S102, carrying out ultraviolet aging on the photovoltaic assembly;
step S103, carrying out mechanical aging on the photovoltaic assembly;
step S104, carrying out environmental aging on the photovoltaic module;
step S105, determining the final stable state of the photovoltaic module, and acquiring the final state maximum power of the photovoltaic module in the final stable state;
step S106, calculating the power recession rate of the photovoltaic module according to the initial state maximum power and the final state maximum power;
and S107, analyzing the tolerance performance of the photovoltaic module according to the power fading rate.
The tolerance performance test method of the photovoltaic module is a tolerance performance test for the photovoltaic module of the mobile energy, wherein for convenience of description, the tolerance performance test method of the photovoltaic module is referred to as a test method, and firstly, an initial stable state of the photovoltaic module is determined according to step S101, and initial maximum power of the photovoltaic module in the initial stable state is obtained, wherein the initial maximum power is maximum power generation power of the photovoltaic module in the initial stable state; then, according to step S102, performing ultraviolet aging, that is, ultraviolet aging, then, according to step S103, performing mechanical aging on the photovoltaic module, that is, applying a certain mechanical force to the photovoltaic module, then, according to step S104, performing environmental aging on the photovoltaic module, that is, aging influence of factors such as environment and climate on the photovoltaic module, after performing various aging on the photovoltaic module, then, according to step S105, determining a final stable state of the photovoltaic module, and obtaining a final-state maximum power of the photovoltaic module in the final stable state, that is, a maximum power generation power of the photovoltaic module in the final stable state, and finally, according to step S106 and step S107, according to a formula: calculating the power degradation rate of the photovoltaic assembly, wherein the power degradation rate is (initial state maximum power-final state maximum power)/initial state maximum power, namely, the power degradation rate of the photovoltaic module obtained according to the test data is obtained, then the endurance performance of the photovoltaic module is analyzed according to the obtained power degradation rate, wherein, the test method can be known that the photovoltaic module is subjected to mechanical aging besides ultraviolet aging and environmental aging, so that the photovoltaic module can be closer to the actual working state of the photovoltaic module of the mobile energy source, for the mobile energy photovoltaic module, the test method can obtain more accurate test data and further obtain more accurate test results, therefore, the test result can more accurately represent the ultraviolet tolerance performance of the photovoltaic module of the mobile energy source, namely, the testing method can accurately test the ultraviolet tolerance performance of the photovoltaic module of the mobile energy source. Then, the tester accurately judges whether the mobile energy photovoltaic module meets the test standard set by the tester according to the test result obtained by the test method. For example, a test standard of a tester can set a requirement according to the tolerance design of the tester on a mobile energy product, and can set a standard power degradation rate, wherein the standard power degradation rate can be 0-30%, preferably, the standard power degradation rate can be selected to be 10%, then the tester can compare a test result obtained by applying the test method with the test standard set by the tester, that is, if the power degradation rate obtained by the test is less than 10%, the photovoltaic module meets the tolerance requirement set by the tester; if the tested power decline rate is larger than or equal to 10%, the photovoltaic module fails the test, namely the photovoltaic module does not meet the tolerance performance requirement set by the tester.
Therefore, the tolerance performance testing method of the photovoltaic module tests the mobile energy photovoltaic module, and can accurately test the tolerance performance of the mobile energy photovoltaic module.
Specifically, the test method further includes: before the step S101, obtaining first image information of the photovoltaic module, judging whether the appearance of the photovoltaic module is damaged or not according to the first image information, if the appearance of the photovoltaic module is damaged, stopping testing, and if the appearance of the photovoltaic module is good, entering the step S101; the photovoltaic module is subjected to appearance inspection before performance testing, whether the photovoltaic module to be tested is damaged in appearance or not is determined, if the photovoltaic module to be tested is damaged in appearance and the damage in appearance of the photovoltaic module is serious, the photovoltaic module is unqualified, tolerance performance testing is not needed, and the testing cost is saved. If the photovoltaic module is not damaged by the appearance, or the damage degree is within the range of the bad damage which is acceptable by the design standard of the appearance of the photovoltaic module, namely, the damage which does not affect the endurance performance of the photovoltaic module is slightly damaged, the next step is carried out to test the photovoltaic module.
After step S107, second image information of the photovoltaic module is obtained, the appearance condition of the photovoltaic module is determined according to the second image information, and an appearance condition result of the photovoltaic module is obtained. Therefore, after the tolerance performance of the photovoltaic module is obtained, the appearance condition result of the photovoltaic module can be obtained, the overall performance of the photovoltaic module product can be tested more comprehensively, and a more comprehensive performance index of the photovoltaic module can be obtained.
Accordingly, after the appearance condition of the photovoltaic module is inspected, more performance information of the photovoltaic module can be obtained, and the obtained tolerance performance test result of the photovoltaic module is combined with the appearance condition result of the photovoltaic module, so that the photovoltaic module product can be more comprehensively known, for example, the test standard of a tester can increase the requirement on the appearance condition, for example, a standard power recession rate and an acceptable range of appearance design standard can be specified, wherein the standard power recession rate can be selected to be 10%, then the tester can compare the test result obtained by applying the test method with the test standard established by the tester, that is, if the power recession rate obtained by the test is less than 10% and the appearance condition of the photovoltaic module is within the acceptable range of the appearance design standard, that is, the photovoltaic module is damaged, the damage is within the acceptable range of the appearance design standard, namely the appearance state of the photovoltaic module is within the acceptable range of the appearance design standard, and the photovoltaic module meets the requirements of testers; if the tested power decline rate is greater than or equal to 10% or the appearance state of the photovoltaic module is not within the acceptable range of the appearance design standard, the photovoltaic module fails the test, namely the photovoltaic module meets the requirements of testers.
In the above test method, step S102 specifically includes: the temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the solar radiation intensity is 800-1000W/m2The solar radiation is performed on the photovoltaic module at least twice under the condition of (1), and when each time of solar radiation is performed, the radiant light energy is greater than or equal to 20KW · h, preferably, the radiant light energy may be 20KW · h, 22KW · h or other quantities, which is not limited in this embodiment, wherein the sunlight in this embodiment may be actual sunlight, or simulated sunlight which is identical to sunlight and is emitted by a CCC-level solar simulator, or simulated sunlight which is identical to sunlight and is emitted by other solar simulators, the power of the photovoltaic module is measured for multiple times after the solar radiation is performed, and the maximum power P measured after the solar radiation is performed for the multiple times is obtainednAnd the maximum power measured after the previous solar radiation of the next solar radiation is Pn-1Then when (P)n-1-Pn)/(Pn-1-Pn) Determining light when | < 1%The voltage component reaches the initial steady state and determines PnIs initial maximum power, wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, wherein when the power of the photovoltaic module is measured after solar radiation, more accurate measurement data can be obtained by measurement under standard measurement conditions, wherein the standard measurement conditions are that the ambient temperature is 25 ℃, an AM1.5 spectrum is adopted, and the power is 1000W/m2The light of the irradiation intensity is irradiated.
The step S103 specifically includes: under the condition that the temperature of the photovoltaic module is 55-65 ℃, preferably 60 ℃, the application waveband is 280-400 nm, and the ultraviolet radiation amount is 5-4000 kWh/m2The ultraviolet rays irradiate the photovoltaic module.
Specifically, in the ultraviolet rays used in the step S103, the irradiation intensity of ultraviolet rays with a wavelength band of 280-320 nm accounts for 3% -10% of the total irradiation intensity of ultraviolet rays with a wavelength band of 280-400 nm, and the total irradiation intensity of ultraviolet rays with a wavelength band of 280-400 nm is less than or equal to 250W/m2。
Specifically, in step S103, the amount of ultraviolet radiation of the photovoltaic module is determined according to the expected service life of the photovoltaic module. Wherein the amount of UV radiation of the photovoltaic module can be selected by referring to the relationship between the predicted service life and the amount of UV radiation of the photovoltaic module in Table 1 below, for example, if the predicted service life of the photovoltaic module is 1 year, the amount of UV radiation of the photovoltaic module can be selected to be 15kWh/m2。
TABLE 1 Table of correspondence between predicted service life of photovoltaic module and UV radiation amount
| Predicted service life | 1 year | For 3 years | 5 years old |
| (recommended) amount of ultraviolet radiation | 15kWh/m2 | 45kWh/m2 | 75kWh/m2 |
It should be noted that the ultraviolet radiation amount of the photovoltaic module may also have other selection rules or selection modes according to the predicted service life of the photovoltaic module, and this embodiment is not limited.
Specifically, step S104 in the above test method specifically includes: and applying mechanical force to the photovoltaic component to deform or move the photovoltaic component. In the mobile energy photovoltaic module product, there is a certain motion or stress in a general use environment, for example, the charging paper and the charging pack, that is, the photovoltaic module is designed in a product that can be moved and folded for use, and for the charging pack, the photovoltaic module can be designed on an outer surface of the pack, especially a pack with a flip cover, and a cover of the pack needs to be folded, so that the photovoltaic module at the flip cover can be folded, and in the step S104, specifically, the mechanical force can be an external force for bending the photovoltaic module, so that the photovoltaic module is bent and deformed to simulate an actual working state of the mobile energy photovoltaic module, which is beneficial to improving accuracy of test data.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned mechanical force may be an external force that causes the photovoltaic module to generate a certain deformation and/or movement, and may achieve the effect of simulating the working state of the photovoltaic module, which is not limited in this embodiment.
Specifically, the mechanical aging strength of the photovoltaic module subjected to mechanical aging is 0.1-1 times of the mechanical strength of the photovoltaic module. That is, when a certain amount of mechanical force is applied to the photovoltaic module, it needs to be ensured that the mechanical force applied in a single time cannot be too large, that is, the photovoltaic module cannot be damaged at one time, and the applied amount and the applied time also need to be proper, that is, the application of the mechanical force needs to be performed for a plurality of times within the tolerance range of the tolerance mechanical strength of the photovoltaic module, and the use environment of a reasonable photovoltaic module product is simulated. More specifically, the mechanical aging strength may be 1 times the tolerable mechanical strength of the photovoltaic module.
In addition, the mechanical force applied to the photovoltaic module is periodic or aperiodic. That is, when applying the mechanical force to the photovoltaic module, the mechanical force may be periodically and regularly applied with a certain amount, or the mechanical force may not be applied regularly with a certain amount, which is not limited in this embodiment.
Specifically, step S105 of the test method specifically includes: the temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the solar radiation intensity is 800-1000W/m2The method includes performing at least two times of solar radiation on a photovoltaic module, and performing each time of solar radiation, where the radiant light energy is greater than 20KW · h, preferably, the radiant light energy may be 20KW · h, 22KW · h, or other quantities, and this embodiment is not limited, where the solar light in this embodiment may be actual solar light, or simulated solar light which is emitted by a CCC-level solar simulator and is equivalent to solar light, or simulated solar light which is emitted by other solar simulators and is equivalent to solar light, and after performing solar radiation, measuring power of the photovoltaic module for multiple times, and obtaining a maximum power P measured after the solar radiation is performed for the time, where the maximum power P measured after the solar radiation is performed for the timemAnd the maximum power measured after the previous solar radiation of the next solar radiation is Pm-1Then when (P)m-1-Pm)/(Pm-1-Pm) When the absolute value is less than 1%, determining that the photovoltaic module reaches the final stable state, and determining PmIs the final state maximum power, wherein m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, wherein when the power of the photovoltaic module is measured after solar radiation, more accurate measurement data can be obtained by measurement under standard measurement conditions, wherein the standard measurement conditions are that the ambient temperature is 25 ℃, an AM1.5 spectrum is adopted, and the power is 1000W/m2The light of the irradiation intensity is irradiated.
Specifically, in step S104 of the above test method, the photovoltaic module is subjected to environmental aging. After ultraviolet aging and mechanical aging are carried out on the photovoltaic module, environmental aging is carried out on the photovoltaic module, the actual working environment state of the photovoltaic module can be closer to, the actual performance of the photovoltaic module can be better reflected by data obtained in the subsequent steps, the ultraviolet tolerance performance of the photovoltaic module can be more truly reflected by a test result, and the accuracy of the test method can be improved. Wherein, in particular, the environmental aging may include at least one of thermal cycling aging, humid freezing aging, and humid heat aging. That is, the environmental aging of the photovoltaic module may be one of thermal cycle aging, humid freeze aging and humid heat aging of the photovoltaic module, or may be any two of thermal cycle aging, humid freeze aging and humid heat aging of the photovoltaic module, or may be sequential thermal cycle aging, humid freeze aging and humid heat aging of the photovoltaic module, which may be selected as required, and this embodiment is not limited.
Wherein, the thermal cycle aging specifically comprises: and adjusting the ambient temperature of the photovoltaic module within a first preset time range at-45-90 ℃ according to a first temperature change rule. As an implementation manner of the thermal cycle aging, the first preset time range may be 50 to 3000 hours (h), preferably, the first preset time range may be set to 100h, that is, the temperature of the environment where the photovoltaic module is located is adjusted within 100h, and the temperature may be selectively adjusted between-40 ℃ and 85 ℃ according to a change curve of the temperature with time as shown in fig. 2 to implement the thermal cycle aging, that is, a first temperature change rule of the temperature adjustment of the environment where the photovoltaic module is located is shown in a curve in fig. 2, where an initial temperature is 25 ℃, then the temperature is adjusted, and as the time continues, the temperature is reduced at a temperature change rate of 100 ℃/h within a time period t1, so that when the environmental temperature of the photovoltaic module reaches-40 ℃, the adjustment is stopped and the environmental temperature of the photovoltaic module is kept at-40 ℃ within a time period t2, and then raising the temperature, so that the environment temperature of the photovoltaic module is raised at a temperature change rate of 100 ℃/h within a short time t3, stopping temperature regulation when the environment temperature of the photovoltaic module reaches 85 ℃, keeping the environment temperature of the photovoltaic module at 85 ℃ within a time t4, then subsequently lowering the temperature, lowering the environment temperature of the photovoltaic module at 85 ℃ within a time t5 at a temperature change rate of 100 ℃/h until the temperature reaches 25 ℃, completing one cycle period of the temperature change of the thermal cycle aging, and changing the environment temperature of the photovoltaic module according to the temperature change cycle period of the thermal cycle aging until the time reaches 100h along with the time.
Specifically, in the above thermal cycle aging, the sum of t1, t2, t3, t4 and t5 is less than 100h, and preferably, the sum of t1, t2, t3, t4 and t5 may be 6 h. It should be noted that the sum of t1, t2, t3, t4, and t5 may also be other numbers, and the embodiment is not limited.
The humid freezing and aging concretely comprises the following steps: and adjusting the ambient temperature of the photovoltaic module within a second preset time range at-45-90 ℃ according to a second temperature change rule. Wherein, as an embodiment of the humid freeze-aging, the first preset time range may be 50 to 3000 hours (h), preferably, the second preset time range may be set to 100h, that is, the temperature of the environment where the photovoltaic module is located is adjusted within 100h, and the temperature may be selectively adjusted between-40 ℃ and 85 ℃ according to the curve of the temperature change with time as shown in fig. 2 to realize the above-mentioned humid freeze-aging, that is, the second temperature change law of the temperature adjustment of the environment where the photovoltaic module is located is shown in the curve of fig. 3, wherein the initial temperature is 25 ℃, then the temperature is adjusted, and the temperature is increased along with the time duration at the temperature change rate of 100 ℃/h in the T1 time period, so that when the environmental temperature of the photovoltaic module reaches 85 ℃, the adjustment is stopped, the environmental temperature of the photovoltaic module is kept to be 85 ℃ in the short time T2, and the environmental humidity of the photovoltaic module is kept to be (85 ± 5)% RH in the time T2 time period, then adjusting the temperature, cooling at the temperature change rate of 100 ℃/h within the time period of T3 to enable the environmental temperature of the photovoltaic module to reach 0 ℃, then cooling at a temperature change rate of 200 ℃/h within a time period T4 to enable the ambient temperature of the photovoltaic module to reach-40 ℃, stopping adjusting the temperature, keeping the temperature at-40 ℃ within a time period T5, then adjusting the temperature, heating up at a temperature change rate of 200 ℃/h within a time period of T6 to enable the environmental temperature of the photovoltaic module to reach 0 ℃, then heating is carried out within the time period of T7 according to the temperature change rate of 100 ℃/h until the environmental temperature of the photovoltaic module reaches 25 ℃, one cycle of the temperature change in the humid freezing aging is completed, and as time continues, the environmental temperature of the photovoltaic module is changed according to the cycle of the temperature change in the humid freezing aging until the time reaches 100 h.
Wherein, in the above humid freezing and aging, the sum of T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 and T7 is less than 100h, preferably, the sum of T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 and T7 may be 24 h. It should be noted that the sum of T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, and T7 may be other numbers, and the embodiment is not limited.
The wet heat aging specifically includes: and in a third preset time range, the photovoltaic module is kept in an environment condition of 80-90 ℃ and the relative humidity of 80-90% RH. As an implementation of the damp-heat aging, the third preset time may be in a range of 50 to 3000 hours (h), and preferably, the third preset time may be set to 100h, that is, the photovoltaic module is maintained in an environment with an ambient temperature of 85 ℃ and an ambient humidity of 85% RH for 100h to complete the damp-heat aging.
Specifically, when the thermal cycle aging, the damp-cold aging and the damp-heat aging are respectively carried out on the photovoltaic module, the temperature control precision of the temperature control is +/-2 ℃, and when the damp-cold aging and the damp-heat aging are carried out, the humidity control precision of the relative humidity is +/-5%, wherein the requirements on the control precision of the temperature and the humidity are high, and the precision and the accuracy of test data can be effectively improved.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. The photovoltaic module tolerance performance test method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S101, determining an initial stable state of the photovoltaic module, and acquiring initial maximum power of the photovoltaic module in the initial stable state;
step S102, carrying out ultraviolet aging on the photovoltaic module;
step S103, mechanically aging the photovoltaic module;
step S104, carrying out environmental aging on the photovoltaic module;
step S105, determining the final stable state of the photovoltaic assembly, and acquiring the final state maximum power of the photovoltaic assembly in the final stable state;
step S106, calculating the power recession rate of the photovoltaic module according to the initial state maximum power and the final state maximum power;
and S107, analyzing the tolerance performance of the photovoltaic module according to the power fading rate.
2. The method for testing the endurance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, further comprising:
before the step S101, acquiring first image information of the photovoltaic module, judging whether the appearance of the photovoltaic module is damaged or not according to the first image information, if so, stopping testing, and if so, entering the step S101;
after the step S107, second image information of the photovoltaic module is obtained, the appearance condition of the photovoltaic module is determined according to the second image information, and an appearance condition result of the photovoltaic module is obtained.
3. The method for testing the endurance of the photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the step S102 comprises:
the temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the solar radiation intensity is 800-1000W/m2Under the condition of (1), at least twice solar radiation is carried out on the photovoltaic module, and when each time of solar radiation is carried out, the radiant light energy is more than or equal to 20 KW.h, and the radiant light energy is advancedMeasuring the power of the photovoltaic module for multiple times after solar radiation and obtaining the maximum power P measured after the current solar radiationnThen when (P)n-1-Pn)/(Pn-1-Pn) When the absolute value is less than 1%, determining that the photovoltaic module reaches an initial stable state, and determining PnIs the initial maximum power, wherein Pn-1The maximum power obtained by measurement after the previous solar radiation of the current solar radiation is obtained, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
4. The method for testing the endurance of the photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the step S103 comprises:
under the condition that the temperature of the photovoltaic module is 55-65 ℃, the application waveband is 280-400 nm, and the ultraviolet radiation quantity is 5-4000 kWh/m2The photovoltaic module is irradiated by the ultraviolet rays.
5. The method for testing the tolerance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 4, wherein the irradiation intensity of ultraviolet rays with a wavelength range of 280-320 nm in the ultraviolet rays accounts for 3% -10% of the total irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet rays with a wavelength range of 280-400 nm, and the total irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet rays with a wavelength range of 280-400 nm is less than or equal to 250W/m2。
6. The method for testing the endurance of the photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the step S104 comprises:
applying a mechanical force to the photovoltaic component to cause deformation or movement of the photovoltaic component.
7. The method for testing the endurance performance of the photovoltaic module according to claim 6, wherein the mechanical aging strength of the photovoltaic module subjected to the mechanical aging is 0.1 to 1 times the endurance mechanical strength of the photovoltaic module.
8. The method for testing the endurance of the photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the step S106 comprises:
the temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the solar radiation intensity is 800-1000W/m2Under the condition of (1), performing solar radiation on the photovoltaic module at least twice, wherein the radiant light energy is more than or equal to 20 KW.h when performing each solar radiation, measuring the power of the photovoltaic module for multiple times after performing the solar radiation, and obtaining the maximum power P measured after the solar radiationmThen when (P)m-1-Pm)/(Pm-1-Pm) When the absolute value is less than 1%, determining that the photovoltaic module reaches the final stable state, and determining PmIs the final maximum power, wherein Pm-1M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and is the maximum power obtained by measurement after the previous solar radiation of the current solar radiation.
9. The method for testing the endurance performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the environmental aging includes at least one of thermal cycle aging, humid freeze aging, and humid heat aging.
10. The method for testing the endurance performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 9,
the thermal cycle aging comprises: within a first preset time range, adjusting the ambient temperature of the photovoltaic module at-45-90 ℃ according to a first temperature change rule;
the humid freeze-aging comprises: within a second preset time range, adjusting the ambient temperature of the photovoltaic module according to a second temperature change rule at-45-90 ℃;
the humid heat aging comprises: and in a third preset time range, keeping the environmental condition of the photovoltaic module at 80-90 ℃ and the relative humidity at 80-90% RH.
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